EP1565619A2 - Device for landing a watercraft at a water-based structure - Google Patents

Device for landing a watercraft at a water-based structure

Info

Publication number
EP1565619A2
EP1565619A2 EP03789101A EP03789101A EP1565619A2 EP 1565619 A2 EP1565619 A2 EP 1565619A2 EP 03789101 A EP03789101 A EP 03789101A EP 03789101 A EP03789101 A EP 03789101A EP 1565619 A2 EP1565619 A2 EP 1565619A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
station
hydraulic structure
landing
sliding
tower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03789101A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1565619B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Boekholt
Tim Brockhoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fr Fassmer & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Fr Fassmer & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fr Fassmer & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Fr Fassmer & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP1565619A2 publication Critical patent/EP1565619A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1565619B1 publication Critical patent/EP1565619B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/02—Devices for facilitating retrieval of floating objects, e.g. for recovering crafts from water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/02—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts with platforms suspended from ropes, cables, or chains or screws and movable along pillars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E02B3/068—Landing stages for vessels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for attaching at least one watercraft to a hydraulic structure, in particular to a tower-shaped section of a hydraulic structure, preferably a wind turbine, with a preferably platform-like application device.
  • a berthing device can be realized on the tower-shaped hydraulic structures, the berthing station being protected from the sea by moving into the second position.
  • the application device is not permanently exposed to waves and salt water, which protects the material and thus the life of such an application device can be extended considerably.
  • the surface roughness of the wall of the hydraulic structure is not influenced in an undesirable manner, since neither Docking station there are other components in the diving area. This is because the second position forms, in particular, a stowage or rest position in which the docking station is when it is not in use but is out of operation.
  • a lifting device for moving the application device on the hydraulic structure is provided.
  • the application station hangs on the lifting device, the lifting device preferably having a cable pull on which the application station hangs.
  • the lifting device usually has a deflection device to be provided on the hydraulic structure, which preferably has at least one deflection roller for deflecting the cable, and a drive device to be arranged below the deflection device within the hydraulic structure for winding and unwinding the cable, which is particularly advantageous for structural and structural considerations is, the drive device for arrangement in the floor area, ie to be provided in the foot or on the foundation of the hydraulic structure.
  • the application device is in sliding engagement with a wall of the hydraulic structure and is supported on the wall, preferably by means of a sliding and / or roller bearing.
  • at least one, preferably rail-shaped, sliding element extending approximately in the direction of movement of the docking station, with which the docking station is in sliding engagement, can expediently be present on the wall of the hydraulic structure.
  • a plurality of such sliding elements should preferably be provided, which are designed and arranged such that their sliding surfaces, with which the application station is in sliding engagement, are arranged equidistantly from one another over their entire length in the direction of movement of the application station.
  • the sliding elements can serve as spacers in order to compensate for the change in the shape of the hydraulic structure accordingly; this applies in particular in the case of a conical shape of the hydraulic structure in order to compensate for the decreasing diameter accordingly.
  • the sliding surfaces preferably lie essentially in a cylindrical plane or are oriented tangentially to this.
  • the placement station is preferably freely pivotable about an axis of rotation, which extends approximately in the direction of movement of the placement station, at least in a limited angular range, which can be realized in a simple manner in particular if the The docking station, as mentioned before, hangs on a cable. Due to this rotatable arrangement of the docking station, there is a resilient mounting, so that in the event of impacts, in particular caused by the mooring of a ship, at least some of the energy that occurs is converted into rotational energy and thus the hydraulic structure is not burdened by additional torsional moments.
  • a guide device can be provided for guiding the application device during its travel movement, preferably with respect to the hydraulic engineering structure.
  • the guide device has at least one guide rail to be provided on the hydraulic engineering structure, with which the application device is in sliding engagement. If the guide is designed so that it does not have a rotationally fixed effect, it is also conceivable to provide such a non-rotationally fixed guide in combination, for example, with the arrangement of sliding elements described above.
  • the lay-on station has a truss structure.
  • the impact forces that are brought in by a mooring ship are absorbed and distributed by a truss structure. Since the impact forces are distributed at the individual nodes of the truss rods and thus act on the hydraulic structure at several points, the individual loads for the hydraulic structure are significantly lower than if they struck at points.
  • a truss structure has a resilient effect. Because due to the elasticity of the lattice structure formed by the truss structure and the resulting relatively long deformation path, the hydraulic structure is also protected in the event of an impact.
  • a truss structure has a relatively low weight and offers less contact surface than continuous plating at sea impact.
  • the truss structure has at least one rod which extends past the wall of the hydraulic structure, preferably tangentially to it.
  • the at least one rod should extend approximately from the jetty.
  • at least one pair of rods should expediently be provided, of which one rod extends from the jetty to one side of the wall and the other rod extends from the jetty to the other side of the wall of the hydraulic structure.
  • Such an arrangement of rods is particularly advantageous for absorbing impact forces in order to then dissipate them in a manner that is particularly gentle on the hydraulic engineering structure.
  • the application device has a fender.
  • the body of the fender is made of cell-closed plastic, the hardness of which increases from the outside to the inside.
  • the fender as a body of revolution, preferably a cylindrical body, the axis of rotation preferably being approximately vertical.
  • a rotatable mounting of a fender converts part of the energy generated thereby into rotational energy when a ship is moored at the docking station, which also prevents excessive stress on the hydraulic engineering structure by torsional moments.
  • the mooring ship turns in the right direction as it continues, and the friction that occurs when the ship is moved forward or backward relative to the docking station is minimized.
  • Figure 1 in side view of the lower part of a tower standing on the sea floor with a height-adjustable platform, which is shown completely in its lower position and in part in its upper position, and with two ships attached to it;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1, the tower being shown in sectional view.
  • Tower 2 In Figure 1, the lower part of a tower 2 is shown, which is anchored to the seabed 6 via a foundation 4.
  • Tower 2 can be, for example, the tower of an offshore wind turbine.
  • a platform 10 is provided which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, surrounds the tower 2, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2.
  • the platform 10 can have different basic shapes. For example, it is conceivable for the platform 10 to be circular or polygonal.
  • FIG. 2 two different designs are each shown in half with regard to the basic shape, wherein the upper half according to FIG. 2 represents a platform with a rectangular basic shape and is identified by the reference symbol "10-1" and the lower half according to FIG.
  • the platform 10 represents a platform with an octagonal basic shape and is identified by the reference symbol "10-2".
  • the platform 10 is between a lower first position, which is denoted by “I” in FIG. 1, and an upper second position, which is denoted by “II” in FIG. 1, in the vertical direction along the Tower 2 movably mounted, with the aid of a lifting device described in more detail below.
  • the lower first position I is the docking position in which at least one ship can dock on the platform 10; in the figures two ships 12 are shown by way of example, have fastened diametrically opposite to the platform.
  • the platform 10 has a welded tubular construction which forms a framework in order to take off the ramming impacts that occur against the tower 2 due to mooring ships.
  • the pairs of bars 14, 15 which can be seen in FIG. 2, of which the one bar 14 extends from a point adjacent to the center of the outside of the platform 10 tangentially to one side of the wall 2a of the tower 2 and the other rod 15 extends from a location opposite the center of the outside of the platform 10 tangentially to the other side of the wall 2a of the tower 2, as can be seen in FIG.
  • the platform 10 spans the tower 2 in several levels, which are designed in a truss.
  • the individual levels are connected to each other by vertical pipe supports, not specified.
  • additional pipe supports are additionally drawn in diagonally from level to level.
  • the top of the platform 10 is provided with support grids, not specified, in order to make the platform 10 accessible.
  • the platform 10 is designed with a railing 16 toward the sea side.
  • a plurality of guide or slide rails 18 are attached along the tower 2 and extend in the vertical direction, as can be seen in FIG. 1.
  • Each quadrant of the tower 2 is provided with two slide rails 18 in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • the sliding rails 18 form sliding surfaces on their outside, the sliding rails 18 in the exemplary embodiment shown being arranged on the tower 2 in such a way that the sliding surfaces lie in a cylindrical plane in order in an upper conical section 2b of the tower 2 to correspond to the diameter, which decreases in height compensate.
  • each level of the platform 10 is closed off by a circumferential support ring 20 (see FIG. 2).
  • This carrier ring is recessed only in the area of an emergency ladder (not shown) on the tower 2 and, moreover, serves as an abutment with respect to the slide rails 18. Accordingly, the inner surface of the carrier rings 20 bears against the slide rails 18 and is thus in sliding engagement with them. For better sliding, the carrier rings 20 are coated on their inner surfaces with a suitable sliding material.
  • the platform 10 in the exemplary embodiment shown is suspended from four traction cables 22, each of which is guided into the interior of the tower 2 via deflection rollers 24 be redirected.
  • the deflection rollers 24 are arranged in the wall 2a of the tower 2 above the upper position II.
  • a traction cable 22 and an associated deflection roller 24 are provided on the tower 2 in each quadrant.
  • sleeve bushings are arranged on the tower for the four traction cables 22.
  • the traction cables 22 are deflected to a drum winch 26, which is set up inside the tower 2, as indicated in FIG.
  • the winch 26 expediently sits in the foot of the tower 2 above the foundation 4.
  • the winch 26 is driven by a first electric motor (not shown).
  • a second electric motor also not shown, is also provided, in order to be able to drive the winch in the event of a fault in the first electric motor.
  • the winch 26 should be designed so that in the event of a power failure, the winch 26 can also be mechanically, e.g. can be operated by means of a hand crank.
  • the winch 26 is also provided with a brake, not shown, in order to be able to fix the platform 10 at any desired height between the lower position I and the upper position II.
  • limit switches (not shown) can be provided in the winch 26 in order to switch off the winch 26 when the platform 10 reaches one of the two positions I or II.
  • the platform 10 is freely pivotable about the vertical longitudinal axis of the tower 2 over a limited angular range on both sides. Therefore, the pull cables 22 are rotatably mounted on the platform 10, so that even when the platform 10 is pivoted, caused by the mooring of a ship 12, the pull cables 22 do not twist. For this purpose, low-twist ropes should also be used as pull ropes 22.
  • the winch 26 can be operated using a remote control from the ship 12 or from the platform 10. Furthermore, a third operating option can be provided on the tower 2.
  • stops can also be arranged in the region of the lower position I, on which the platform 10 comes to rest in its lower position I.
  • the platform 10 In the upper position II, the platform 10 can be locked mechanically, specifically by a locking device (not shown), which relieves the tension on the traction cables 22 and the winch 26.
  • the platform 10 is equipped with several fenders 30 of different sizes for safe application.
  • larger fenders are provided at the corners of the platform 10-1 or 10-2 than at intermediate locations.
  • the individual fenders 30 are cylindrical and rotatably mounted about vertical axes of rotation, so that when a ship 10 is moored, part of the energy generated by impact forces is converted into rotational energy and thus the tower 2 is not additionally loaded by torsional moments.
  • the ship 12 berthing in this way turns away in the correct direction and the friction occurring when the ship 12 is moved forward and backward is minimized.
  • the fenders preferably consist of a body made of cell-closed plastic material, the hardness of which increases from the outside inwards.
  • the hardness of the Fender 30 should be relatively soft, i.e. with a low Shore hardness, in order to achieve the highest possible degree of compressibility. In this way, as much energy as possible of the elastic shock is to be absorbed in the fenders 30 in order to keep the load in the platform 10 and on the tower 2 as low as possible.
  • a vertical ladder 32 (see FIG. 1) is arranged centrally between the fenders 30, which extends from the lower to the upper level of the platform 10 and is laterally delimited by vertical protective strips (not shown).
  • Such a climbing ladder 32 is intended to prevent people from getting caught when climbing from the ship 12 to the platform 10.
  • the carrier rings 20 are left in the area of an emergency ladder arranged on the tower 2, which is not shown in the figures, however.
  • a ship picks up 12 service personnel in the port or from a larger work ship and moves it to the place of use.
  • platform 10 On site at tower 2, platform 10 is moved downward from upper position II, which generally also forms the rest or stowed position, to a height adapted to the tide and the sea state.
  • the skipper then maneuvers the ship 12 towards the platform 10 from the optimal direction.
  • the service staff then adjusts a swell and climbs over the ladder 32 on the platform 10 or directly onto the platform 10 as shown schematically in FIG.
  • the height of the platform 10 can of course be adjusted accordingly during the work on the tower 2, the second position II forming the upper position.
  • the tower 2 it is also conceivable for the tower 2 to have an entrance door in the area of the upper position II in order to carry out further maintenance work there and also to be able to get inside the tower 2.
  • the platform 10 is in any case moved back into the upper position II, which, as already mentioned, also forms the rest or stowed position.
  • the upper position II is so far above the water surface that the platform 10 cannot be reached by the waves and the sea.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
  • Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a device for landing at least one watercraft (12) at a water-based structure, especially a tower-shaped section of a water-based structure, preferably a wind power plant. Said device comprises a preferably platform-type landing station (10). The invention is characterized by the fact that the landing station (10) can be moved between a first position (I) located in the area of the water surface in order to secure a watercraft (12) and a second position (II) located above the water surface.

Description

Vorrichtung zum Anlegen eines Wasserfahrzeuges an einem WasserbauwerkDevice for mooring a watercraft on a hydraulic structure
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Anlegen mindestens eines Wasserfahrzeuges an einem Wasserbauwerk, insbesondere an einem turmförmigen Abschnitt eines Wasserbauwerkes, vorzugsweise einer Windkraftanlage, mit einer vorzugsweise plattformartigen, Anlegevorrichtung.The invention relates to a device for attaching at least one watercraft to a hydraulic structure, in particular to a tower-shaped section of a hydraulic structure, preferably a wind turbine, with a preferably platform-like application device.
Anlegevorrichtungen für turmförmige Wasserbauwerke sind bereits bekannt. Üblicherweise befinden sich diese im Bereich der Wasseroberfläche, so dass eine Person von z. B. einem Schiff aus übersteigen kann and dann über eine Leiter, die an dem turmförmigen Wasserbauwerk nach oben führt, eine Serviceplattform oder bei Windkraftanlagen auch die Gondel erreicht. Für die Fälle, dass die Anlegevorrichtung aus irgendeinem Grund nicht erreicht werden kann, z. B. bei zu hohem Wellengang, haben die meisten Windkraftanlagen eine Plattform am oberen Ende der Windkraftanlage. Personen können auf diese Plattform von einem Helikopter aus mittels einer Seilwinde herabgelassen werden. Der Einsatz von Helikoptern zu diesem Zweck ist aber sehr kostspielig, außerdem ist das Herablassen über eine Seilwinde gefährlich.Application devices for tower-shaped hydraulic structures are already known. Usually these are in the area of the water surface, so that a person from z. B. can climb out of a ship and then reaches the gondola via a ladder that leads up to the tower-shaped hydraulic structure, a service platform or with wind turbines. In the event that the application device cannot be reached for any reason, e.g. B. when the waves are too high, most wind turbines have a platform at the top of the wind turbine. People can be lowered onto this platform from a helicopter using a winch. The use of helicopters for this purpose is very expensive, and lowering them using a winch is also dangerous.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nun vorgeschlagen, eine Anlegevorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art derart auszubilden, dass diese Anlegevorrichtung zwischen einer ersten Position im Bereich der Wasseroberfläche zum Festmachen eines Wasserfahrzeuges and einer zweiten Position oberhalb der Wasseroberfläche verfahrbar ist.According to the invention, it is now proposed to design an application device of the type mentioned in the introduction such that this application device can be moved between a first position in the area of the water surface for fastening a watercraft and a second position above the water surface.
Demnach lässt sich mit Hilfe der Erfindung am turmförmigen Wasserbauwerken eine Anlegevorrichtung realisieren, deren Anlegestation durch Verfahren in die zweite Position vor dem Seegang geschützt wird. Auf diese Weise ist die Anlegevorrichtung nicht permanentem Wellenschlag and Salzwasser ausgesetzt, wodurch das Material geschont und somit die Lebenszeit einer solchen Anlegevorrichtung erheblich verlängert werden kann.Accordingly, with the help of the invention, a berthing device can be realized on the tower-shaped hydraulic structures, the berthing station being protected from the sea by moving into the second position. In this way, the application device is not permanently exposed to waves and salt water, which protects the material and thus the life of such an application device can be extended considerably.
Außerdem wird aufgrund der verfahrbaren Anordnung der Anlegestation gemäß der Erfindung ein sicheres Ansteuern des turmförmigen Wasserbauwerks und somit ein gefahrloses Übersteigen einer Person von einem Schiff auf das Wasserbauwerk ermöglicht, indem die Anlegestation in Abhängigkeit von Wasserstand und Wellenhöhe auf die erste Position oder einer darüber liegenden Position entsprechend eingestellt wird.In addition, due to the movable arrangement of the docking station according to the invention, safe control of the tower-shaped hydraulic structure and thus safe climbing of a person from a ship onto the hydraulic structure is made possible by the landing station depending on the water level and wave height to the first position or a position above it is set accordingly.
Durch Anbringung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird die Oberflächenrauhigkeit der Wandung des Wasserbauwerkes nicht in unerwünschter Weise beeinflusst, da weder die Anlegestation noch weitere Komponenten im Tauchbereich liegen. Denn die zweite Position bildet insbesondere eine Stau- oder Ruheposition, in der sich die Anlegestation befindet, wenn sie nicht gebraucht wird, sondern außer Betrieb ist.By attaching the device according to the invention, the surface roughness of the wall of the hydraulic structure is not influenced in an undesirable manner, since neither Docking station there are other components in the diving area. This is because the second position forms, in particular, a stowage or rest position in which the docking station is when it is not in use but is out of operation.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist eine Hubeinrichtung zum Verfahren der Anlegevorrichtung am Wasserbauwerk vorgesehen.According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, a lifting device for moving the application device on the hydraulic structure is provided.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung dieser Ausführung hängt die Anlegestation an der Hubeinrichtung, wobei die Hubeinrichtung vorzugsweise einen Seilzug aufweist, an dem die Anlegestation hängt. Hierzu weist gewöhnlich die Hubeinrichtung eine am Wasserbauwerk vorzusehende Umlenkeinrichtung, die vorzugsweise mindestens eine Umlenkrolle aufweist, zum Umlenken des Seilzuges und eine unterhalb der Umlenkeinrichtung innerhalb des Wasserbauwerkes anzuordnende Antriebseinrichtung zum Auf- und Abwickeln des Seilzuges auf, wobei es aus konstruktiven und statischen Erwägungen besonders vorteilhaft ist, die Antriebseinrichtung zur Anordnung im Bodenbereich, d.h. im Fuss oder auf dem Fundament, des Wasserbauwerkes vorzusehen.In an advantageous further development of this embodiment, the application station hangs on the lifting device, the lifting device preferably having a cable pull on which the application station hangs. For this purpose, the lifting device usually has a deflection device to be provided on the hydraulic structure, which preferably has at least one deflection roller for deflecting the cable, and a drive device to be arranged below the deflection device within the hydraulic structure for winding and unwinding the cable, which is particularly advantageous for structural and structural considerations is, the drive device for arrangement in the floor area, ie to be provided in the foot or on the foundation of the hydraulic structure.
Bei einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform befindet sich die Anlegevorrichtung in Gleiteingriff mit einer Wandung des Wasserbauwerkes und stützt sich, vorzugsweise mittels eines Gleit- und/oder Rollenlagers, an der Wandung ab. Hierzu kann zweckmäßigerweise an der Wandung des Wasserbauwerkes mindestens ein sich etwa in Bewegungsrichtung der Anlegestation erstreckendes, vorzugsweise schienenförmig ausgebildetes, Gleitelement vorhanden sein, mit dem sich die Anlegestation in Gleiteingriff befindet. Vorzugsweise sollten mehrere solcher Gleitelemente vorgesehen sein, die so ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, dass deren Gleitflächen, mit denen sich die Anlegestation in Gleiteingriff befindet, im Wesentlichen über ihre gesamte Länge in Bewegungsrichtung der Anlegestation äquidistant zueinander angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise können im Falle einer sich über die Höhe verändernden Form des Wasserbauwerkes die Gleitelemente als Abstandshalter dienen, um die Änderung der Form des Wasserbauwerkes entsprechend auszugleichen; dies gilt insbesondere für den Fall einer konischen Formgebung des Wasserbauwerkes, um den kleiner werdenden Durchmesser entsprechend auszugleichen. Vorzugsweise liegen die Gleitflächen im Wesentlichen in einer zylindrischen Ebene oder sind tangential zu dieser ausgerichtet.In a further preferred embodiment, the application device is in sliding engagement with a wall of the hydraulic structure and is supported on the wall, preferably by means of a sliding and / or roller bearing. For this purpose, at least one, preferably rail-shaped, sliding element extending approximately in the direction of movement of the docking station, with which the docking station is in sliding engagement, can expediently be present on the wall of the hydraulic structure. A plurality of such sliding elements should preferably be provided, which are designed and arranged such that their sliding surfaces, with which the application station is in sliding engagement, are arranged equidistantly from one another over their entire length in the direction of movement of the application station. In this way, in the case of a shape of the hydraulic structure that changes over the height, the sliding elements can serve as spacers in order to compensate for the change in the shape of the hydraulic structure accordingly; this applies in particular in the case of a conical shape of the hydraulic structure in order to compensate for the decreasing diameter accordingly. The sliding surfaces preferably lie essentially in a cylindrical plane or are oriented tangentially to this.
Ferner ist die Anlegestation vorzugsweise um eine Drehachse, die etwa in Bewegungsrichtung der Anlegestation verläuft, zumindest in einem begrenzten Winkelbereich frei verschwenkbar, was sich insbesondere dann auf einfache Weise realisieren lässt, wenn die Anlegestation, wie zuvor erwähnt, an einem Seilzug hängt. Aufgrund dieser drehbaren Anordnung der Anlegestation ergibt sich eine nachgiebige Lagerung, so dass bei insbesondere durch Anlegen eines Schiffes verursachten Stößen mindestens ein Teil der dabei auftretenden Energie in Rotationsenergie umgewandelt und somit das Wasserbauwerk nicht durch zusätzliche Torsionsmomente belastet wird.Furthermore, the placement station is preferably freely pivotable about an axis of rotation, which extends approximately in the direction of movement of the placement station, at least in a limited angular range, which can be realized in a simple manner in particular if the The docking station, as mentioned before, hangs on a cable. Due to this rotatable arrangement of the docking station, there is a resilient mounting, so that in the event of impacts, in particular caused by the mooring of a ship, at least some of the energy that occurs is converted into rotational energy and thus the hydraulic structure is not burdened by additional torsional moments.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführung der Erfindung kann eine Führungseinrichtung zur, vorzugsweise gegenüber dem Wasserbauwerk drehfesten, Führung der Anlegevorrichtung während ihrer Verfahrbewegung vorgesehen sein. Dabei weist die Führungseinrichtung mindestens eine am Wasserbauwerk vorzusehende Führungsschiene auf, mit der sich die Anlegevorrichtung in Schiebeingriff befindet. Sofern die Führung so ausgebildet ist, dass sie keine drehfeste Wirkung entfaltet, ist es aber ebenfalls denkbar, eine solche nicht drehfest Führung in Kombination beispielsweise mit der zuvor beschriebenen Anordnung von Gleitelementen vorzusehen.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, a guide device can be provided for guiding the application device during its travel movement, preferably with respect to the hydraulic engineering structure. The guide device has at least one guide rail to be provided on the hydraulic engineering structure, with which the application device is in sliding engagement. If the guide is designed so that it does not have a rotationally fixed effect, it is also conceivable to provide such a non-rotationally fixed guide in combination, for example, with the arrangement of sliding elements described above.
Gemäß einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführung weist die Anlegestation eine Fachwerkkonstruktion auf. Die durch ein anlegendes Schiff punktuell eingebrachten Stoßkräfte werden von einer Fachwerkkonstruktion aufgenommen und verteilt. Da sich die Stoßkräfte an den einzelnen Knotenpunkten der Fachwerkstäbe aufteilen und dadurch an mehreren Stellen verteilt auf das Wasserbauwerk einwirken, sind die Einzellasten für das Wasserbauwerk wesentlichen geringer als bei punktuellem Auftreffen. Ferner besitzt eine Fachwerkkonstruktion eine federnde Wirkung. Denn aufgrund der Elastizität der von der Fachwerkkonstruktion gebildeten Gitterkonstruktion und des dadurch relativ langen Verformungsweges wird das Wasserbauwerk im Falle eines Stoßes ebenfalls geschont. Schließlich besitzt eine Fachwerkkonstruktion ein relativ geringes Gewicht und bietet bei Seeschlag weniger Angriffsfläche als eine durchgehende Beplattung.According to a further particularly preferred embodiment, the lay-on station has a truss structure. The impact forces that are brought in by a mooring ship are absorbed and distributed by a truss structure. Since the impact forces are distributed at the individual nodes of the truss rods and thus act on the hydraulic structure at several points, the individual loads for the hydraulic structure are significantly lower than if they struck at points. Furthermore, a truss structure has a resilient effect. Because due to the elasticity of the lattice structure formed by the truss structure and the resulting relatively long deformation path, the hydraulic structure is also protected in the event of an impact. Finally, a truss structure has a relatively low weight and offers less contact surface than continuous plating at sea impact.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der zuvor erörterten Ausführung weist die Fachwerkkonstruktion mindestens einen Stab auf, der sich an der Wandung des Wasserbauwerkes vorbei, vorzugsweise tangential zu dieser, erstreckt. Dabei sollte sich der mindestens eine Stab etwa von der Anlegestelle aus erstrecken. Schließlich sollte zweckmäßigerweise mindestens ein Paar von Stäben vorgesehen sein, von denen sich der eine Stab von der Anlegestelle zur einen Seite der Wandung und der andere Stab von der Anlegestelle zur anderen Seite der Wandung des Wasserbauwerkes erstreckt. Eine solche Anordnung von Stäben ist besonders vorteilhaft zur Aufnahme von Stoßkräften, um diese dann in für das Wasserbauwerk besonders schonender Weise abzuleiten. Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist die Anlegevorrichtung einen Fender auf. Der Körper des Fenders besteht aus zellgeschlossenem Kunststoff, dessen Härte von außen nach innen zunimmt. Mit einer solchen Konstruktion können die Kräfte beim Anlegen eines Schiffes an die Anlegestation zusätzlich auf ein Minimum begrenzt werden.According to an advantageous further development of the previously discussed embodiment, the truss structure has at least one rod which extends past the wall of the hydraulic structure, preferably tangentially to it. The at least one rod should extend approximately from the jetty. Finally, at least one pair of rods should expediently be provided, of which one rod extends from the jetty to one side of the wall and the other rod extends from the jetty to the other side of the wall of the hydraulic structure. Such an arrangement of rods is particularly advantageous for absorbing impact forces in order to then dissipate them in a manner that is particularly gentle on the hydraulic engineering structure. In a further advantageous embodiment, the application device has a fender. The body of the fender is made of cell-closed plastic, the hardness of which increases from the outside to the inside. With such a construction, the forces when docking a ship at the docking station can be further reduced to a minimum.
Außerdem ist es denkbar, den Fender als Rotationskörper, vorzugsweise zylindrischen Körper, auszubilden, wobei die Rotationsachse vorzugsweise etwa vertikal verlaufen sollte. Durch eine solche drehbare Lagerung eines Fenders wird beim Anlegen eines Schiffes an die Anlegestation ein Teil der dadurch entstehenden Energie in Rotationsenergie umgewandelt, wodurch ebenfalls eine übermäßige Belastung des Wasserbauwerkes durch Torsionsmomente vermieden wird. Außerdem dreht das anlegende Schiff beim Weiterfahren in die richtige Richtung ab und wird die auftretende Reibung beim Vor- oder Zurücksetzen des Schiffes gegenüber der Anlegestation minimiert.In addition, it is conceivable to design the fender as a body of revolution, preferably a cylindrical body, the axis of rotation preferably being approximately vertical. Such a rotatable mounting of a fender converts part of the energy generated thereby into rotational energy when a ship is moored at the docking station, which also prevents excessive stress on the hydraulic engineering structure by torsional moments. In addition, the mooring ship turns in the right direction as it continues, and the friction that occurs when the ship is moved forward or backward relative to the docking station is minimized.
Nachfolgend werden bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen naher erläutert. Es zeigen:Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Figur 1 in Seitenansicht der untere Teil eines auf dem Meeresboden stehenden Turmes mit einer höhenverstellbaren Plattform, die in ihrer unteren Position vollständig und in ihrer oberen Position ausschnittsweise dargestellt ist, sowie mit zwei daran angelegten Schiffen; undFigure 1 in side view of the lower part of a tower standing on the sea floor with a height-adjustable platform, which is shown completely in its lower position and in part in its upper position, and with two ships attached to it; and
Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung von Figur 1 , wobei der Turm in Schnittansicht dargestellt ist.Figure 2 is a plan view of the arrangement of Figure 1, the tower being shown in sectional view.
In Figur 1 ist der untere Teil eines Turmes 2 dargestellt, der über ein Fundament 4 auf dem Meeresboden 6 verankert ist. Beim Turm 2 kann es sich beispielsweise um den Turm einer Offshore-Windkraftanlage handeln.In Figure 1, the lower part of a tower 2 is shown, which is anchored to the seabed 6 via a foundation 4. Tower 2 can be, for example, the tower of an offshore wind turbine.
Für Wartungsarbeiten am Turm 2 ist es notwendig, eine Anlegevorrichtung zu schaffen, die bei unterschiedlichen Wasserständen sowie in Abhängigkeit von Wind, Wellen und Strömungen ein sicheres Anlegen eines Schiffes ermöglicht, um Wartungspersonal für Arbeiten am und im Turm 2 sicher übersetzen zu können. Hierzu ist eine Plattform 10 vorgesehen, die im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel den Turm 2 umschließt, wie insbesondere Figur 2 erkennen lässt. Die Plattform 10 kann unterschiedliche Grundformen aufweisen. Beispielsweise ist es denkbar, die Plattform 10 kreisförmig oder mehreckig auszuführen. In Figur 2 sind hinsichtlich der Grundform zwei unterschiedliche Ausführungen jeweils zur Hälfte dargestellt, wobei die gemäß Figur 2 obere Hälfte eine Plattform mit rechteckiger Grundform repräsentiert und mit dem Bezugszeichen "10-1" bezeichnet ist und die gemäß Figur 2 untere Hälfte eine Plattform mit achteckiger Grundform repräsentiert und mit dem Bezugszeichen "10-2" bezeichnet ist. Wie ferner Figur 1 erkennen lässt, ist die Plattform 10 zwischen einer unteren ersten Position, die in Figur 1 mit "I" bezeichnet ist, und einer oberen zweiten Position, die in Figur 1 mit "II" bezeichnet ist, in vertikaler Richtung entlang des Turmes 2 verfahrbar gelagert, und zwar mit Hilfe einer nachfolgend noch näher beschriebenen Hubeinrichtung. Bei der unteren ersten Position I handelt es sich um die Anlegeposition, in der an der Plattform 10 mindestens ein Schiff anlegen kann; in den Figuren sind beispielhaft zwei Schiffe 12 dargestellt, diametral gegenüberliegend an der Plattform festgemacht haben.For maintenance work on tower 2, it is necessary to create a mooring device that enables a ship to be moored safely at different water levels and depending on wind, waves and currents in order to be able to safely translate maintenance personnel for work on and in tower 2. For this purpose, a platform 10 is provided which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, surrounds the tower 2, as can be seen in particular in FIG. 2. The platform 10 can have different basic shapes. For example, it is conceivable for the platform 10 to be circular or polygonal. In FIG. 2, two different designs are each shown in half with regard to the basic shape, wherein the upper half according to FIG. 2 represents a platform with a rectangular basic shape and is identified by the reference symbol "10-1" and the lower half according to FIG. 2 represents a platform with an octagonal basic shape and is identified by the reference symbol "10-2". As can further be seen in FIG. 1, the platform 10 is between a lower first position, which is denoted by "I" in FIG. 1, and an upper second position, which is denoted by "II" in FIG. 1, in the vertical direction along the Tower 2 movably mounted, with the aid of a lifting device described in more detail below. The lower first position I is the docking position in which at least one ship can dock on the platform 10; in the figures two ships 12 are shown by way of example, have fastened diametrically opposite to the platform.
Die Plattform 10 weist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel eine geschweißte Rohrkonstruktion auf, die ein Fachwerk bildet, um auftretende Rammstöße durch anlegende Schiffe gegenüber dem Turm 2 abzukoffern. In diesem Zusammenhang sei insbesondere auf die in Figur 2 erkennbaren Paare von Stäben 14, 15 hingewiesen, von denen jeweils sich der eine Stab 14 von einer benachbart zur Mitte der Außenseite der Plattform 10 gelegenen Stelle tangential zur einen Seite der Wandung 2a des Turmes 2 und der andere Stab 15 von einer benachbart zur Mitte der Außenseite der Plattform 10 gegenüber gelegenen Stelle tangential zur anderen Seite der Wandung 2a des Turmes 2 erstreckt, wie Figur 2 erkennen lässt.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the platform 10 has a welded tubular construction which forms a framework in order to take off the ramming impacts that occur against the tower 2 due to mooring ships. In this context, reference is made in particular to the pairs of bars 14, 15 which can be seen in FIG. 2, of which the one bar 14 extends from a point adjacent to the center of the outside of the platform 10 tangentially to one side of the wall 2a of the tower 2 and the other rod 15 extends from a location opposite the center of the outside of the platform 10 tangentially to the other side of the wall 2a of the tower 2, as can be seen in FIG.
Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel umspannt die Plattform 10 den Turm 2 in mehreren Ebenen, die in Fachwerkkonstruktion ausgeführt sind. Die einzelnen Ebenen sind untereinander durch nicht näher bezeichnete vertikale Rohrstützen verbunden. Um die Fachwerkkonstruktion der Plattform 10 verwindungssteifer zu machen, sind zusätzlich diagonal von Ebene zu Ebene weitere Rohrstützen eingezogen.In the illustrated embodiment, the platform 10 spans the tower 2 in several levels, which are designed in a truss. The individual levels are connected to each other by vertical pipe supports, not specified. In order to make the framework structure of the platform 10 more torsion-resistant, additional pipe supports are additionally drawn in diagonally from level to level.
Die Oberseite der Plattform 10 ist mit nicht näher bezeichneten Trägerrosten versehen, um die Plattform 10 begehbar zu machen. Als Absturzsicherung ist die Plattform 10 zur Seeseite hin mit einem Geländer 16 ausgeführt.The top of the platform 10 is provided with support grids, not specified, in order to make the platform 10 accessible. To protect against falling, the platform 10 is designed with a railing 16 toward the sea side.
Entlang des Turmes 2 sind mehrere Führungs- bzw. Gleitschienen 18 angebracht, die sich in vertikaler Richtung erstrecken, wie Figur 1 erkennen lässt. Dabei ist jeder Quadrant des Turmes 2 im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel mit zwei Gleitschienen 18 versehen. Die Gleitschienen 18 bilden an ihrer Außenseite Gleitflächen, wobei die Gleitschienen 18 im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel so am Turm 2 angeordnet sind, dass die Gleitflächen in einer zylindrischen Ebene liegen, um in einem oberen konischen Abschnitt 2b des Turmes 2 den über die Höhe kleiner werdenden Durchmesser entsprechend auszugleichen. Nach innen zum Turm 2 ist jede Ebene der Plattform 10 durch einen umlaufenden Trägerring 20 (vgl. Figur 2) abgeschlossen. Dieser Trägerring ist nur im Bereich einer nicht dargestellten Notleiter am Turm 2 ausgespart und dient im Übrigen als Widerlager gegenüber den Gleitschienen 18. Demnach liegt die Innenfläche der Trägerringe 20 an den Gleitschienen 18 an und befindet sich somit in Gleiteingriff mit diesen. Zum besseren Gleiten sind die Trägerringe 20 an ihren Innenflächen mit entsprechend geeignetem Gleitmaterial belegt.A plurality of guide or slide rails 18 are attached along the tower 2 and extend in the vertical direction, as can be seen in FIG. 1. Each quadrant of the tower 2 is provided with two slide rails 18 in the exemplary embodiment shown. The sliding rails 18 form sliding surfaces on their outside, the sliding rails 18 in the exemplary embodiment shown being arranged on the tower 2 in such a way that the sliding surfaces lie in a cylindrical plane in order in an upper conical section 2b of the tower 2 to correspond to the diameter, which decreases in height compensate. To the inside of the tower 2, each level of the platform 10 is closed off by a circumferential support ring 20 (see FIG. 2). This carrier ring is recessed only in the area of an emergency ladder (not shown) on the tower 2 and, moreover, serves as an abutment with respect to the slide rails 18. Accordingly, the inner surface of the carrier rings 20 bears against the slide rails 18 and is thus in sliding engagement with them. For better sliding, the carrier rings 20 are coated on their inner surfaces with a suitable sliding material.
Um die Plattform 10 in der bereits erwähnten Weise in vertikaler Richtung zwischen der unteren Position I und der oberen Position II verfahrbar zu lagern, ist die Plattform 10 im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel an vier Zugseilen 22 aufgehängt, die jeweils über Umlenkrollen 24 in das Innere des Turmes 2 umgelenkt werden. Wie Figur 1 erkennen lässt, sind die Umlenkrollen 24 in der Wandung 2a des Turmes 2 oberhalb der oberen Position II angeordnet. Ferner sind dort nicht näher dargestellte Eintrittsöffnungen ausgebildet, durch die die Seile 22 in das Innere des Turmes 2 eintreten. Demnach ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel am Turm 2 in jedem Quadranten ein Zugseil 22 und eine zugehörige Umlenkrolle 24 vorgesehen. Ferner sind für die vier Zugseile 22 am Turm nicht näher dargestellte Hülsendurchführungen angeordnet. Innerhalb des Turmes 2 sind die Zugseile 22 zu einer Trommelwinde 26 umgelenkt, die innerhalb des Turmes 2 aufgestellt ist, wie in Figur 2 angedeutet ist. Zweckmäßigerweise sitzt die Winde 26 im Fuß des Turmes 2 oberhalb des Fundamentes 4. Die Winde 26 wird durch einen nicht dargestellten ersten Elektromotor angetrieben. Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist ferner ist ein zweiter ebenfalls nicht dargestellter Elektromotor vorgesehen, um im Falle einer Störung des ersten Elektromotors die Winde antreiben zu können. Schließlich sollte die Winde 26 so ausgebildet sein, dass bei Stromausfall die Winde 26 auch mechanisch, z.B. mittels Handkurbel, betätigt werden kann. Die Winde 26 ist ferner mit einer nicht dargestellten Bremse versehen, um die Plattform 10 in jeder gewünschten Höhe zwischen der unteren Position I und der oberen Position II fixieren zu können. Schließlich können nicht dargestellte Endlagenschalter in der Winde 26 vorgesehen sein, um die Winde 26 abzuschalten, wenn die Plattform 10 eine der beiden Positionen I oder II erreicht.In order to mount the platform 10 so that it can be moved in the vertical direction between the lower position I and the upper position II in the manner already mentioned, the platform 10 in the exemplary embodiment shown is suspended from four traction cables 22, each of which is guided into the interior of the tower 2 via deflection rollers 24 be redirected. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the deflection rollers 24 are arranged in the wall 2a of the tower 2 above the upper position II. In addition, there are formed inlet openings, not shown, through which the cables 22 enter the interior of the tower 2. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment shown, a traction cable 22 and an associated deflection roller 24 are provided on the tower 2 in each quadrant. Furthermore, sleeve bushings (not shown in more detail) are arranged on the tower for the four traction cables 22. Within the tower 2, the traction cables 22 are deflected to a drum winch 26, which is set up inside the tower 2, as indicated in FIG. The winch 26 expediently sits in the foot of the tower 2 above the foundation 4. The winch 26 is driven by a first electric motor (not shown). For safety reasons, a second electric motor, also not shown, is also provided, in order to be able to drive the winch in the event of a fault in the first electric motor. Finally, the winch 26 should be designed so that in the event of a power failure, the winch 26 can also be mechanically, e.g. can be operated by means of a hand crank. The winch 26 is also provided with a brake, not shown, in order to be able to fix the platform 10 at any desired height between the lower position I and the upper position II. Finally, limit switches (not shown) can be provided in the winch 26 in order to switch off the winch 26 when the platform 10 reaches one of the two positions I or II.
Die Plattform 10 ist um die vertikale Längsachse des Turmes 2 über einen begrenzten Winkelbereich zu beiden Seiten hin frei verschwenkbar. Deshalb sind die Zugseile 22 an der Plattform 10 drehbar gelagert, so dass auch bei Verschwenken der Plattform 10, hervorgerufen durch Anlegen eines Schiffes 12, die Zugseile 22 sich nicht verdrehen. Hierzu sollten als Zugseile 22 ferner verdreharme Seile eingesetzt werden. Die Winde 26 kann mit Hilfe einer Fernbedienung vom Schiff 12 oder von der Plattform 10 aus bedient werden. Ferner kann eine dritte Bedienmöglichkeit am Turm 2 vorgesehen sein.The platform 10 is freely pivotable about the vertical longitudinal axis of the tower 2 over a limited angular range on both sides. Therefore, the pull cables 22 are rotatably mounted on the platform 10, so that even when the platform 10 is pivoted, caused by the mooring of a ship 12, the pull cables 22 do not twist. For this purpose, low-twist ropes should also be used as pull ropes 22. The winch 26 can be operated using a remote control from the ship 12 or from the platform 10. Furthermore, a third operating option can be provided on the tower 2.
Am Turm 2 können ferner im Bereich der unteren Position I nicht dargestellte Anschläge angeordnet sein, auf denen die Plattform 10 in ihrer unteren Position I zu liegen kommt. In der oberen Position II kann die Plattform 10 mechanisch verriegelt werden, und zwar durch eine nicht dargestellte Verriegelungseinrichtung, wodurch die Zugseile 22 und die Winde 26 entlastet werden.On the tower 2, stops (not shown) can also be arranged in the region of the lower position I, on which the platform 10 comes to rest in its lower position I. In the upper position II, the platform 10 can be locked mechanically, specifically by a locking device (not shown), which relieves the tension on the traction cables 22 and the winch 26.
Zum sicheren Anlegen ist die Plattform 10 mit mehreren Fendern 30 unterschiedlicher Größe ausgerüstet. Dabei sind in den dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen an den Ecken der Plattform 10-1 bzw. 10-2 größere Fender als an dazwischenliegenden Stellen vorgesehen. Die einzelnen Fender 30 sind zylindrisch ausgeführt und um vertikale Drehachsen drehbar gelagert, so dass beim Anlegen eines Schiffes 10 ein Teil der dabei durch Stoßkräfte auftretenden Energie in Rotationsenergie umgewandelt wird und somit der Turm 2 nicht zusätzlich durch Torsionsmomente belastet wird. Außerdem dreht das so anlegende Schiff 12 beim Weiterfahren in die richtige Richtung ab und wird die beim Vor- und Zurücksetzen des Schiffes 12 auftretende Reibung minimiert.The platform 10 is equipped with several fenders 30 of different sizes for safe application. In the exemplary embodiments shown, larger fenders are provided at the corners of the platform 10-1 or 10-2 than at intermediate locations. The individual fenders 30 are cylindrical and rotatably mounted about vertical axes of rotation, so that when a ship 10 is moored, part of the energy generated by impact forces is converted into rotational energy and thus the tower 2 is not additionally loaded by torsional moments. In addition, the ship 12 berthing in this way turns away in the correct direction and the friction occurring when the ship 12 is moved forward and backward is minimized.
Vorzugsweise bestehen die Fender aus einem Körper aus zellgeschlossenem Kunststoffmaterial, dessen Härte von außen nach innen zunimmt. Generell sollte der Härtegrad der Fender 30 relativ weich, d.h. mit einer geringen Shorehärte, ausgebildet sein, um einen möglichst hohen Grad an Kompressibilität zu erzielen. Auf diese Weise soll möglichst viel Energie des elastischen Stoßes in den Fendern 30 aufgenommen werden, um die Belastung in der Plattform 10 und am Turm 2 so gering wie möglich zu halten.The fenders preferably consist of a body made of cell-closed plastic material, the hardness of which increases from the outside inwards. In general, the hardness of the Fender 30 should be relatively soft, i.e. with a low Shore hardness, in order to achieve the highest possible degree of compressibility. In this way, as much energy as possible of the elastic shock is to be absorbed in the fenders 30 in order to keep the load in the platform 10 and on the tower 2 as low as possible.
An den vier Andockseiten der Plattform 10 ist jeweils mittig zwischen den Fendern 30 eine vertikale Übersteigleiter 32 (vgl. Figur 1 ) angeordnet, die von der unteren bis zur oberen E- bene der Plattform 10 reicht und seitlich durch nicht dargestellte vertikale Schutzleisten begrenzt ist. Eine solche Übersteigleiter 32 soll ein Einklemmen von Personen beim Übersteigen vom Schiff 12 zur Plattform 10 verhindern.On the four docking sides of the platform 10, a vertical ladder 32 (see FIG. 1) is arranged centrally between the fenders 30, which extends from the lower to the upper level of the platform 10 and is laterally delimited by vertical protective strips (not shown). Such a climbing ladder 32 is intended to prevent people from getting caught when climbing from the ship 12 to the platform 10.
Abschließend sei noch angemerkt, dass die Trägerringe 20 (vgl. Figur 2) im Bereich einer am Turm 2 angeordneten Notleiter ausgespart sind, welche in den Figuren jedoch nicht dargestellt ist. Für eine beabsichtigte Wartung des Turmes 2 nimmt ein Schiff 12 Servicepersonal im Hafen oder von einem größeren Arbeitsschiff auf und versetzt es zum Einsatzort. Vor Ort am Turm 2 wird die Plattform 10 von der oberen Position II, die im Regelfall auch die Ruhe- bzw. Stauposition bildet, auf eine der Tide und dem Seegang angepasste Höhe nach unten verfahren. Dann manövriert der Schiffsführer das Schiff 12 aus optimaler Richtung an die Plattform 10 heran. Danach passt das Servicepersonal einen Wellengang ab und steigt beim Wellenberg über auf die Leiter 32 an der Plattform 10 oder direkt auf die Plattform 10, wie in Figur 1 schematisch dargestellt ist. Während der Arbeiten am Turm 2 kann die Plattform 10 selbstverständlich in ihrer Höhe entsprechend eingestellt werden, wobei die zweite Position II die obere Position bildet. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es auch denkbar, dass der Turm 2 im Bereich der oberen Position II eine Eingangstür aufweist, um dort weitere Wartungsarbeiten vornehmen und auch in das Innere des Turmes 2 gelangen zu können. Nach Abschluss der Wartungsarbeiten wird die Plattform 10 auf jeden Fall wieder in die obere Position II verfahren, die, wie bereits erwähnt, auch die Ruhe- bzw. Stauposition bildet. Die obere Position II befindet sich soweit oberhalb der Wasseroberfläche, dass die Plattform 10 von Wellengang und Seeschlag nicht erreicht werden kann. Finally, it should be noted that the carrier rings 20 (see FIG. 2) are left in the area of an emergency ladder arranged on the tower 2, which is not shown in the figures, however. For the intended maintenance of tower 2, a ship picks up 12 service personnel in the port or from a larger work ship and moves it to the place of use. On site at tower 2, platform 10 is moved downward from upper position II, which generally also forms the rest or stowed position, to a height adapted to the tide and the sea state. The skipper then maneuvers the ship 12 towards the platform 10 from the optimal direction. The service staff then adjusts a swell and climbs over the ladder 32 on the platform 10 or directly onto the platform 10 as shown schematically in FIG. The height of the platform 10 can of course be adjusted accordingly during the work on the tower 2, the second position II forming the upper position. In this context, it is also conceivable for the tower 2 to have an entrance door in the area of the upper position II in order to carry out further maintenance work there and also to be able to get inside the tower 2. After completion of the maintenance work, the platform 10 is in any case moved back into the upper position II, which, as already mentioned, also forms the rest or stowed position. The upper position II is so far above the water surface that the platform 10 cannot be reached by the waves and the sea.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Vorrichtung zum Anlegen mindestens eines Wasserfahrzeuges (12) an einem Wasserbauwerk (2) , insbesondere an einem turmförmigen Abschnitt eines Wasserbauwerkes, vorzugsweise einer Windkraftanlage, mit einer, vorzugsweise plattformartigen, Anlegestation (10), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anlegestation (10) zwischen einer ersten Position (I) im Bereich der Wasseroberfläche zum Festmachen eines Wasserfahrzeuges (12) und einer zweiten Position (II) oberhalb der Wasseroberfläche verfahrbar ist.1. Device for mooring at least one watercraft (12) on a hydraulic structure (2), in particular on a tower-shaped section of a hydraulic structure, preferably a wind turbine, with a, preferably platform-like, mooring station (10), characterized in that the mooring station (10) can be moved between a first position (I) in the area of the water surface for fastening a watercraft (12) and a second position (II) above the water surface.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ruheposition, in die die Anlegestation (10) verfahren ist, wenn sie sich außer Betrieb befindet, von der zweiten Position (II) gebildet wird.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rest position into which the landing station (10) has moved when it is out of operation is formed by the second position (II).
3. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine am Wasserbauwerk (2) vorzusehende Hubeinrichtung (22, 24, 26) zum Verfahren der Anlegestation (10).3. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by a lifting device (22, 24, 26) to be provided on the hydraulic structure (2) for moving the docking station (10).
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anlegestation (10) an der Hubeinrichtung (22, 24, 26) hängt.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the application station (10) depends on the lifting device (22, 24, 26).
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubeinrichtung einen Seilzug (22) aufweist, an dem die Anlegestation (10) hängt. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the lifting device has a cable (22) on which the docking station (10) hangs.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubeinrichtung eine am Wasserbauwerk (2) vorzusehende Umlenkeinrichtung (24), die vorzugsweise mindestens eine Umlenkrolle aufweist, zum Umlenken des Seilzuges (22) und eine unterhalb der Umlenkeinrichtung (24) innerhalb des Wasserbauwerkes (2) anzuordnende Antriebseinrichtung (26) zum Auf- und Abwickeln des Seilzuges (22) aufweist.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the lifting device on the hydraulic structure (2) to be provided deflection device (24), which preferably has at least one deflection roller, for deflecting the cable (22) and one below the deflection device (24) within the water structure (2) to be arranged drive device (26) for winding and unwinding the cable (22).
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebseinrichtung (26) zur Anordnung im Bodenbereich des Wasserbauwerkes (2) vorgesehen ist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the drive device (26) is provided for arrangement in the bottom region of the hydraulic structure (2).
8. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die Anlegestation (10) in Gleiteingriff mit einer Wandung (2a) des Wasserbauwerkes (2) befindet und vorzugsweise mittels eines Gleit- und/oder Rollenlagers an der Wandung (2a) abstützt.8. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the landing station (10) is in sliding engagement with a wall (2a) of the hydraulic structure (2) and preferably by means of a sliding and / or roller bearing on the wall (2a) supported.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens ein an der Wandung (2a) des Wasserbauwerkes (2) vorzusehendes, sich etwa in Bewegungsrichtung der Anlegestation (10) erstreckendes, vorzugsweise schienenförmig ausgebildetes, Gleitelement (18), mit dem sich die Anlegestation (10) in Gleiteingriff befindet.9. The device according to claim 8, characterized by at least one on the wall (2a) of the hydraulic structure (2) to be provided, extending approximately in the direction of movement of the docking station (10), preferably rail-shaped, sliding element (18) with which the docking station ( 10) is in sliding engagement.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, gekennzeichnet durch mehrere Gleitelemente (18), die so ausgebildet und angeordnet sind, dass deren Gleitflächen, mit denen sich die Anlegestation (10) in Gleiteingriff befindet, im Wesentlichen über ihre gesamte Länge in Bewegungsrichtung der Anlegestation (10) äqui- distant zueinander angeordnet sind. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized by a plurality of sliding elements (18) which are designed and arranged such that their sliding surfaces, with which the application station (10) is in sliding engagement, essentially over their entire length in the direction of movement of the application station (10 ) are equidistant from each other.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gleitfläche im Wesentlichen in einer zylindrischen Ebene liegen oder tangential zu dieser ausgerichtet sind.11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the sliding surface lie substantially in a cylindrical plane or are aligned tangentially to this.
12. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anlegestation (10) um eine Drehachse, die etwa in Bewegungsrichtung der Anlegestation (10) verläuft, zumindest in einem begrenzten Winkelbereich frei verschwenkbar ist.12. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the application station (10) about an axis of rotation, which extends approximately in the direction of movement of the application station (10), is freely pivotable at least in a limited angular range.
13. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, gekennzeichnet durch eine Führungseinrichtung zur, vorzugsweise gegenüber dem Wasserbauwerk drehfesten, Führung der Anlegestation während ihrer Verfahrbewegung.13. The device according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a guide device for, preferably with respect to the hydraulic structure, non-rotatable, guidance of the docking station during its movement.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Führungseinrichtung mindestens eine am Wasserbauwerk vorzusehende Führungsschiene aufweist, mit der sich die Anlegestation in Schiebeeingriff befindet.14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the guide device has at least one guide rail to be provided on the hydraulic structure, with which the docking station is in sliding engagement.
15. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anlegestation (16) eine Fachwerkkonstruktion aufweist.15. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the application station (16) has a truss structure.
16. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fachwerkkonstruktion mindestens einen Stab (14, 15) aufweist, der sich an der Wandung (2a) des Wasserbauwerkes (2) vorbei, vorzugsweise tangential zu dieser, erstreckt. 16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the truss structure has at least one rod (14, 15) which extends past the wall (2a) of the hydraulic structure (2), preferably tangentially to it.
17. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, bei welcher die Anlegestation (10) mindestens eine Anlegestelle aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der mindestens eine Stab (14, 15) etwa von der Anlegestelle aus erstreckt.17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the landing station (10) has at least one landing stage, characterized in that the at least one rod (14, 15) extends approximately from the landing stage.
18. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 17, gekennzeichnet durch mindestens ein Paar von Stäben (14, 15), von denen sich der eine Stab (14) von der Anlegestelle zur einen Seite der Wandung (2a) und der andere Stab (15) von der Anlegestelle zur anderen Seite der Wandung (2a) des Wasserbauwerkes (2) erstreckt.18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized by at least a pair of rods (14, 15), of which one rod (14) from the landing to one side of the wall (2a) and the other rod (15) from the landing extends to the other side of the wall (2a) of the hydraulic structure (2).
19. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei welcher die Anlegestation (10) mindestens einen Fender (39) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fender (30) einen Körper aus zellgeschlossenem Kunststoffmaterial aufweist, dessen Härte von außen nach innen zunimmt.19. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the application station (10) has at least one fender (39), characterized in that the fender (30) has a body made of cell-closed plastic material, the hardness of which increases from the outside inwards.
20. Vorrichtung nach mindestens einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, bei welcher die Anlegestation (10) mindestens einen Fender (30) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fender (30) als Rotationskörper, vorzugsweise zylindrischen Körper, ausgebildet ist.20. The device according to at least one of the preceding claims, in which the application station (10) has at least one fender (30), characterized in that the fender (30) is designed as a rotating body, preferably a cylindrical body.
21. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rotationsachse etwa vertikal verläuft. 21. The apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that the axis of rotation is approximately vertical.
EP03789101A 2002-11-29 2003-11-28 Device for landing a watercraft at a water-based structure Expired - Lifetime EP1565619B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE20218481U 2002-11-29
DE20218481 2002-11-29
PCT/EP2003/013404 WO2004051002A2 (en) 2002-11-29 2003-11-28 Device for landing a watercraft at a water-based structure

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EP1565619A2 true EP1565619A2 (en) 2005-08-24
EP1565619B1 EP1565619B1 (en) 2008-07-30

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EP03789101A Expired - Lifetime EP1565619B1 (en) 2002-11-29 2003-11-28 Device for landing a watercraft at a water-based structure

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EP (1) EP1565619B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE403040T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003293740A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50310262D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1565619T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2004051002A2 (en)

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DE102004049733B4 (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-09-21 Universität Rostock Procedures for minimizing the impact of recreational craft moorings and recreational boat crossings on sandy shores on coastal dynamics and the environment, in particular on lee erosion of the coast
AT506625B1 (en) 2008-09-04 2009-10-15 Palfinger Systems Gmbh MAINTENANCE PLATFORM
DE102008048609A1 (en) * 2008-09-23 2010-04-08 Stefan Leske Method for safe transfer of persons from ship to e.g. offshore-wind turbine, involves moving transfer element together with coupling to object and relative to another object based on relative movement of objects for vertical movement
DE102012007699A1 (en) * 2012-04-19 2013-10-24 WeserWind GmbH Offshore Construction Georgsmarienhütte Method for transferring transfer ship to off-shore platform in transformer station integrated off-shore wind farm, involves utilizing floating transfer platform assigned to off-shore building, and adjusting height of transfer platform
CN108639256B (en) * 2018-05-30 2024-07-12 西伯瀚（上海）海洋装备科技有限公司 Ocean platform boarding device and ocean platform

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US4003473A (en) * 1974-08-30 1977-01-18 Ryan Ramp, Inc. Combined marine ramp transfer and mooring system
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Also Published As

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WO2004051002A3 (en) 2004-08-26
WO2004051002A2 (en) 2004-06-17
EP1565619B1 (en) 2008-07-30
AU2003293740A1 (en) 2004-06-23
DK1565619T3 (en) 2008-12-01
DE50310262D1 (en) 2008-09-11
ATE403040T1 (en) 2008-08-15

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