EP3253927B1 - Offshore foundation structure with gangway and improved boat landing - Google Patents
Offshore foundation structure with gangway and improved boat landing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3253927B1 EP3253927B1 EP15787504.8A EP15787504A EP3253927B1 EP 3253927 B1 EP3253927 B1 EP 3253927B1 EP 15787504 A EP15787504 A EP 15787504A EP 3253927 B1 EP3253927 B1 EP 3253927B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- platform
- foundation structure
- offshore foundation
- gangway
- structure according
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0004—Nodal points
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
- E02B17/027—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto steel structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
- E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
- E06C9/02—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes rigidly mounted
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0091—Offshore structures for wind turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
Definitions
- the invention relates to an offshore foundation structure with a jacket section, which has a plurality of struts connected to one another in the manner of a framework, and a receptacle for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind turbine.
- Foundation structures of this type which are based on a jacket construction, are used in particular when installing wind energy installations in offshore regions with great depths of water.
- the jacket construction has increased water permeability compared to conventional monopile constructions, so that the loads on the offshore foundation structure caused by the water current are reduced.
- jacket-based offshore foundation structures can be carried out with significantly lower emissions.
- Jacket constructions permit anchoring to the bottom of the water with a number of driven piles.
- the driving of several small driven piles into the water bed can be carried out with significantly lower emissions than driving in large monopile anchorages.
- WO 2012/167015 A2 discloses a hybrid offshore wind-wave power plant with a foundation structure that can be designed as a jacket section.
- US 2014/0328632 A1 a jacket section for an offshore structure.
- the offshore structure has a gangway that allows access to a deck and a tower of a wind turbine from a ship.
- U.S. 2006/0104821 A1 discloses a pile-based support structure for supporting a wind turbine. Legs of the support structure are arranged in a teepee tent configuration to reduce side forces on the support structure caused by waves.
- U.S. 2014/147272 A1 relates to a method and wind turbine construction for servicing a wind turbine via a lower portion of the wind turbine tower.
- a transition section is located at the lower portion of the wind turbine tower, forms an assembly interface, and is supported by a work platform of a foundation structure.
- Another such offshore foundation structure is, for example, from DE 20 2011 101 599 U1 of the local inventor known. If such an offshore foundation structure is anchored in the seabed and a wind turbine is attached to it, it may be necessary to maintain it. To maintain the wind turbine, fitters are taken to a landing structure by boat, a so-called boat landing, and from there the fitters have to climb up to 22 meters using a ladder that essentially leads vertically upwards in order to get to the working platform, the so-called working platform -Platform, located at the Interface, the so-called transition piece, extends to arrive. Usually, a small recovery platform is formed about halfway down the ladder, so the fitters don't have to climb the entire route in one go, but can rest in between. Nevertheless, the ascent is very exhausting and leads to major physical problems, especially for older or inexperienced workers. In addition, climbing on the high seas is very dangerous, also because the fitter is constantly exposed to wind and water while climbing the ladder.
- an offshore foundation structure with a jacket section, which has a plurality of struts connected to one another in the manner of a framework, a receptacle for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind turbine, and with a platform which is at least partially arranged inside the jacket section and in the Substantially closes the entire clear cross-section of the jacket section.
- the platform is preferably arranged below the receptacle.
- the platform is preferably located about 5 to 20 meters below the receiver, preferably 10 to 15 meters.
- a docking device or landing or landing structure or boat landing is preferably provided.
- the attachment structure preferably extends along the jacket structure outside of it and has a ladder or the like.
- the ladder of the landing structure or berthing device preferably extends further down from about the level of the platform, preferably 5 to 15 meters.
- a boat can dock at the lower end of the ladder and a mechanic can climb onto the platform via the ladder.
- the overall climbing length is significantly reduced and a fitter can rest on the platform. It is inside the jacket structure and is therefore at least partially protected from waves and wind.
- the landing structure has a ladder and not a lift. If this has a lift, it is easier to climb onto the platform, but there is a risk that the lift will be damaged when the boat is landed. For this reason, lifts that are provided directly on the docking device are less preferred by fitters, since there is always the risk of damaging them in the event of waves and thus resulting in liability cases.
- a gangway is preferably or alternatively provided, which preferably extends inside the jacket section.
- a jacket section preferably has a cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped basic shape, with the outer contour preferably being four-, five-, six-, seven-, or octagonal.
- the jacket section preferably consists of several struts, some of which run in a ring or polygon shape around a central axis and form rings. The remaining struts connect rings or polygons of this type to one another, for example by means of x-nodes or other nodes.
- the gangway preferably extends radially from the outside to the inside in relation to a jacket section, so that a fitter can reach inside from outside the jacket section in a protected manner.
- the gangway is preferably designed as a jetty with railings, Passage, tunnel, enclosed passage, suspension bridge, or the like.
- the gangway is preferably provided in addition to or as an alternative to the platform.
- the platform is small and has an essentially rectangular basic structure and is located approximately in the middle of the jacket section.
- the gangway connects the platform to an outside of the jacket section.
- the gangway is arranged in such a way that a mechanic can easily access the gangway directly from the ladder of the mooring device.
- the gangway thus connects the platform to the ladder.
- the gangway is provided on the platform.
- An offshore foundation structure with a jacket section is preferably provided, which has a plurality of struts connected to one another in the manner of a framework, a receptacle for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind turbine, and which has a lift.
- the lift is preferably arranged below the tower shaft in such a way that a fitter can move from a platform arranged below the tower shaft into the interior of the tower shaft by means of the lift.
- the lift is arranged in such a way that a fitter can move from a platform arranged below the tower shaft directly to a service platform that surrounds the tower shaft in the lower area.
- a ladder extending towards the tower shaft is preferably arranged next to the lift.
- the corresponding entry opening in a base of the tower shaft and/or a corresponding receptacle for a tower shaft can preferably be closed by a hatch that can be opened inwards.
- a lift failure there is an alternative way of entering or exiting the tower shaft.
- a fitter can dock his boat at the mooring device, climb up the shortened ladder to the platform, then enter the gangway, use the gangway to get to the lift and then take the lift from the platform to the inside of the tower shaft, where there are preferably other platforms or a room is provided.
- the offshore foundation structure and in particular the jacket section is preferably like the offshore support structure and the framework structure according to the German utility model DE 20 2011 101 599 educated.
- the offshore foundation structure or the jacket section is designed as in FIG European patent application with the file number 13 177 869, filing date 24 July 2013 .
- the struts of the jacket section preferably have a coating, as in the German utility model DE 20 2012 005 538 described.
- the foundation structure or the jacket section is designed as in the international publication WO 2013/139816 A2 described.
- the offshore foundation structure 1 has a jacket section 2 which comprises a plurality of struts which are connected to one another in the manner of a framework.
- a receptacle 4 for a tower shaft 22 of a wind turbine is arranged inside the jacket section 2 of the offshore foundation structure 1 .
- the receptacle 4 has a recess (covered), which extends along a substantially vertical longitudinal axis A and is cylindrical. The recess of the receptacle 4 makes it possible for the tower shaft 22 to be arranged partially inside the jacket section 2 .
- a service platform 20 is arranged on the jacket section 2 .
- the service platform 20 has a circular recess 21 through which the tower shaft 22 extends. Furthermore, a railing 23 is fastened to the outside edges of the service platform 20 and runs completely around the service platform 20 .
- the offshore foundation structure 1 for wind turbines has according to figure 1 six piles 30 that can be anchored in the seabed.
- the jacket section 2 is connected to the piles 30 .
- the jacket section 2 is essentially conical or in the shape of a truncated cone and has an essentially hexagonal cross-section in relation to a longitudinal axis A of the jacket section 2. It is connected to the six posts 30 at its six lower corners.
- the jacket section 2 has three segments 32, 33, 34 which are arranged one above the other essentially coaxially to one another.
- the jacket section 2 comprising the segments 32, 33, 34, is formed from tubes or struts 3, 5 (only one provided with reference numbers) which are connected to one another by means of nodes 35, 36 (only two each provided with reference numbers).
- the node 35 is designed as a so-called rounded node or "rounded node”; for details on this node see particular WO 2013/139816 A2 referenced, which describes these nodes in detail.
- the feed device 6 is formed in the middle segment 33 .
- a lower section 40 this is firmly connected to essentially vertically running struts 3, so that a boat can land here.
- the lower section 40 is preferably slightly lower than the average sea level (cf. 2 ) arranged in this area so that it can always be reached by boat.
- a ladder 8 which extends up to an upper section 42 of the application device 6 extends thereover.
- the application device is in turn firmly connected to the jacket section 2 .
- An enclosure, a railing or the like is preferably provided in this upper area 42 so that a member of the service staff can easily access the interior 100 of the jacket section.
- the platform 10 is provided in the inner clear cross section in the interior 100 of the jacket section on the transition between the segment 33 and the segment 34 .
- this is essentially designed as a circular disk, for example made of sheet steel.
- the platform 10 is connected to two gangways 12, 14, which extend from the platform 10 to the outer surface of the jacket section 2, with only the gangway 12 having a Feeding device 6 is provided.
- a docking device is usually provided for the gangway 14, which is not shown in this figure for the sake of simplicity. It should be understood that it is also preferred to provide three or more gangways between the platform 10 and an exterior of the jacket section. It is thus possible, depending on the weather, to view the offshore foundation structure 1 from two sides (with reference to figure 1 from right and left) to approach with a boat. A service employee can reach the center 11 of the platform 10 through both gangways 12, 14.
- the gangways 12, 14 are designed as passages with railings and essentially consist of a base plate, which is formed, for example, from sheet steel, and lateral railings, the protection for the service employee and on which safety elements are preferably arranged, so that a service employee can hook his safety belt on the railing.
- the service employee reaches the center 11 of the platform through the gangways 12, 14.
- An ascent device 16 in the form of a lift 18 which has a lift cage 17 is provided in the center of the platform. This lift cage 17 is accessible from both gangways 12, 14.
- the lift 18 is arranged vertically below the tower section 22 and can move along the longitudinal axis A coaxially into it.
- a platform or a room or the like is then provided inside the tower section 22, for example, so that the service employee can change clothes and then start his work inside the tower. This is related to the Figures 3 to 6 be described in more detail.
- the service employee usually also gets from inside the tower to the nacelle in which the gears and motors or the like of the wind energy installation are arranged.
- a door is preferably also provided in the tower section 22 so that the employee can access the service platform 20 .
- Two or more mooring devices 6 are preferably provided, which are each connected to a gangway 12, 14.
- a boat can easily dock at these docking devices 6 without the risk of damaging sensitive parts of the wind turbine or the foundation structure.
- the service worker only has to climb up a short ladder 8 to the platform 10.
- This platform is located a good distance below the tower section 22, preferably about 5 to 15 m.
- There the service worker can rest briefly and then via the gangway into the lift car 17 of lift 18 and drive directly inside tower 22.
- the lift 18 is protected by the platform 10 and that which surrounds it deck section. This also significantly reduces the risk of the lift 18 being damaged.
- only one lift 18 is necessary, although landing on the offshore foundation structure 1 is possible from several sides. As a result, the manufacture and assembly of the offshore foundation structure 1 are also significantly simplified and possible at low cost.
- FIG 2 an offshore foundation structure 1 with a jacket section 2 is again shown.
- a platform 10 is provided in the transition area between the segments 33 and 34 and is connected to the jacket structure 2 via two gangways 12 , 14 .
- the mooring device 6 extends from the intermediate ring between the segments 33 and 34 to the intermediate ring between the segments 32 and 33.
- the sea level M is in figure 2 drawn in, it is usually in the area of the middle segment 33, so that the mooring devices 6 can always be reached by boat.
- the positioning devices 6 are coupled to the jacket structure 2 on the lower section 40 and also coupled to the jacket structure 2 with an upper section 42 .
- the mooring devices 6 have two struts 50, 52 running essentially parallel to one another, to which a boat can be fastened. These struts 50, 52 are directed radially in relation to the axis A outwards. Two further struts 54, 56 are provided radially on the inside, between which a ladder or the like can be provided, so that a service employee can climb up to the upper section 42, even if a boat tends to land in the lower area 40 of the mooring device 6.
- the platform 10 again has a central area 11 and is also provided with a support strut 60, which extends towards the jacket section 2 on the side of the platform 10 facing away from the gangways 12, 14 and thus increases the stability of the platform (see Fig especially figure 3 ).
- the two gangways 12, 14 and the strut 60 extend offset from each other at an angle of about 120 ° from the central area 11 and are each with a ring element 62 of the jacket structure 2, which forms the transition between the segments 34 and 33, connected. Stability is increased in this way, but a certain flexibility of the jacket structure 2 is also maintained.
- the ascent device 16 has both a lift 18 and a ladder 19 . Both run roughly parallel to each other.
- the ladder 19 is primarily used as a safety solution, i.e. it offers a redundant ascent into the interior 102 of the receiving device 4 or the transition piece 4.
- the lift 18 has a lift cage 17 which runs on two rails 64 , 66 .
- the rails 64, 66 extend from the central area 11 of the platform 10 to the interior 102 of the transition piece 4 (see figure 4 ).
- the transition piece 4 has a base 104. At the top edge, the transition piece 4 has a flange section 106 to which a tower of a wind energy installation can be flanged.
- a hatch 68 is provided in the floor 104 through which the lift cage 17 can pass.
- the hatch 68 is closed by a cover 70 .
- the cover 70 is coupled to the rails 64, 66 of the lift 16 via its own lift carriage 72.
- the cover 70 effectively prevents the penetration of spray and salt water-saturated ambient air from the area below the transition piece 4 by rubber seals 74 located at its edge, in order to protect the electrical or other systems located inside against corrosion or short circuits.
- the weight of the cover 70 is preferably such that even a gust of wind in bad weather cannot lift it.
- the cover 70 is raised according to this exemplary embodiment as follows. At the moment when the upper part 76 of the lift cage 17 reaches the cover 70, this is held in place by two rubber buffers 78, 79 (cf figure 6 ), which are attached to the lift cage 17, contacted and lifted by the lift cage 17 and opens the recess 68 in the bottom 104 of the transition piece 4.
- the lift cage 17 is in turn on its underside 80 (see figure 6 ) is provided with sealing rubber strips 82 and thus ensures sufficient protection against the ingress of air from the area below the transition piece 4 when the lift cage 17 in the in figure 5 shown position is.
- the cover 70 moves up together with the lift cage 17 and comes to a halt there at the upper end of the rails 64 , 66 .
- the cover 70 is initially moved downwards again until it is stopped by being placed on the edges of the floor recess 68 and again creates a seal.
- the lift 18 has two synchronized cable winches 84, 86, preferably electronically synchronized, which are mounted on a winch platform 88 (cf figures 4 and 5 ) are mounted above the top of the rails 64,66. During normal operation, these move the lift cage 17 up and down together, but they can also do this individually if one of the winches fails. They are therefore designed redundantly.
- An emergency braking system on the lift cage 17 prevents the fall of the cage 17 in the event that both traction cables tear.
- the lift cage 17 can, if it is in the middle of the lift guide, i.e. between the platform and the floor 104, in the event of a malfunction, for example in a position as in figure 3 shown, should be left standing by the ladder 19 mounted directly in its vicinity.
- the winches 84, 86 are intended to enable the lift cage 17 to be slowly lowered in an emergency by using a manually releasable centrifugal brake.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Offshore-Gründungstruktur mit einem Jacketabschnitt, welcher mehrere fachwerkartig miteinander verbundene Streben aufweist, und einer Aufnahme für einen Turmschaft, insbesondere für einen Turmschaft einer Windenergieanlage.The invention relates to an offshore foundation structure with a jacket section, which has a plurality of struts connected to one another in the manner of a framework, and a receptacle for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind turbine.
Derartige auf einer Jacket-Konstruktion beruhende Gründungstrukturen kommen insbesondere bei der Installation von Windenergieanlagen in Offshore-Regionen mit großer Gewässertiefe zum Einsatz. Die Jacket-Konstruktion weist gegenüber üblichen Monopile-Konstruktionen eine erhöhte Wasserdurchlässigkeit auf, sodass die von der Gewässerströmung verursachten Belastungen auf die Offshore-Gründungsstruktur reduziert sind.Foundation structures of this type, which are based on a jacket construction, are used in particular when installing wind energy installations in offshore regions with great depths of water. The jacket construction has increased water permeability compared to conventional monopile constructions, so that the loads on the offshore foundation structure caused by the water current are reduced.
Ferner hat sich bereits gezeigt, dass die Installation von Jacket-basierten Offshore-Gründungstrukturen wesentlich emissionsärmer durchgeführt werden kann. Jacket-Konstruktionen erlauben die Verankerung am Gewässergrund mit einer Mehrzahl von Rammpfählen. Das Eintreiben von mehreren kleinen Rammpfählen in den Gewässergrund kann dabei wesentlich emissionsärmer durchgeführt werden als das Eintreiben großer Monopile-Verankerungen.Furthermore, it has already been shown that the installation of jacket-based offshore foundation structures can be carried out with significantly lower emissions. Jacket constructions permit anchoring to the bottom of the water with a number of driven piles. The driving of several small driven piles into the water bed can be carried out with significantly lower emissions than driving in large monopile anchorages.
Aufgrund ständig größer werdender Windenergieanlagen steigen ebenfalls die an die Offshore-Gründungsstrukturen gestellten Anforderungen bezüglich deren Tragfähigkeit. Ferner werden durch den Turm der Windenergieanlage ebenfalls erhebliche dynamische Kräfte in die Offshore-Gründungstruktur eingeleitet, welche diese gegenüber dem Gewässergrund abstützen muss. Um Windenergieanlagen in Offshore-Revieren mit hohen Windstärken einsetzen zu können, besteht ebenfalls regelmäßig ein Bedarf an Gründungsstrukturen mit erhöhter Tragfähigkeit.Due to the constantly growing wind turbines, the demands placed on the offshore foundation structures with regard to their load-bearing capacity are also increasing. Furthermore, due to the tower of the wind turbine, there are also considerable dynamics Forces are introduced into the offshore foundation structure, which must be supported against the bottom of the water. In order to be able to use wind turbines in offshore areas with high wind speeds, there is also a regular need for foundation structures with increased load-bearing capacity.
Darüber hinaus offenbart
Ferner offenbart
Eine weitere derartige Offshore-Gründungsstruktur ist beispielsweise aus
Es wurde daher bereits schon vorgeschlagen, die Leiter durch einen Fahrstuhl zu ersetzen, der direkt vom Boatlanding bis zur Working-Platform fährt. Hierdurch können zwar die körperlichen Strapazen vermieden werden, welche beim Erklettern der 22 Meter langen Leiter auftreten, allerdings ist ein Fahrstuhl kostenintensiver und störungsanfällig. Ferner ist es üblicherweise bei solchen Offshore-Tragstrukturen notwendig, mehr als eine Leiter oder einen Fahrstuhl vorzusehen, sodass abhängig von den Witterungsbedingungen die Tragstruktur von verschiedenen Seiten mit dem Boot angefahren werden kann.It has therefore already been proposed to replace the ladder with an elevator that runs directly from the boat landing to the working platform. Although this avoids the physical strain that occurs when climbing the 22 meter long ladder, an elevator is more expensive and prone to failure. Furthermore, with such offshore supporting structures, it is usually necessary to provide more than one ladder or one elevator, so that the supporting structure can be approached by the boat from different sides, depending on the weather conditions.
Es ist folglich Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Vorrichtung anzugeben, insbesondere eine Offshore-Tragstruktur, bei der das Verbringen von Montage-Personal von einem Boot auf die Working-Platform vereinfacht ist und sicherer.It is consequently the object of the present invention to specify a device, in particular an offshore support structure, in which the transfer of assembly personnel from a boat to the working platform is simplified and is safer.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Offshore-Gründungsstruktur mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The task is solved by an offshore foundation structure with the characteristics of the independent Expectations. Advantageous developments are the subject of the subclaims.
Demnach wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Offshore-Gründungsstruktur mit einem Jacketabschnitt, welcher mehrere fachwerkartig miteinander verbundene Streben aufweist, eine Aufnahme für einen Turmschaft, insbesondere für einen Turmschaft einer Windenergieanlage und mit einer Plattform, die wenigstens teilweise im Inneren des Jacketabschnitts angeordnet ist und im Wesentlichen den gesamten lichten Querschnitt des Jacketabschnitts verschließt. Die Plattform ist vorzugsweise unterhalb der Aufnahme angeordnet. Die Plattform ist vorzugsweise etwa 5 bis 20 Meter unterhalb der Aufnahme angeordnet, vorzugsweise 10 bis 15 Meter. Ferner ist vorzugsweise eine Anlege-Vorrichtung oder Landungs- bzw. Landungsstruktur bzw. Boatlanding vorgesehen. Die Anlegestruktur erstreckt sich vorzugsweise außerhalb der Jacket-Struktur an dieser entlang und weist eine Leiter oder dergleichen auf. Die Leiter der Landungsstruktur bzw. der Anlege-Vorrichtung erstreckt sich vorzugsweise etwa von der Höhe der Plattform weiter nach unten, vorzugsweise 5 bis 15 Meter. Am unteren Ende der Leiter kann so ein Boot anlegen und ein Monteur kann über die Leiter auf die Plattform klettern. Dadurch ist die gesamte Kletterlänge wesentlich verringert und ein Monteur kann sich auf der Plattform ausruhen. Er ist dabei im Inneren der Jacket-Struktur, und daher vor Wellen und Wind wenigstens teilweise geschützt. Es ist bevorzugt, dass die Anlegestruktur eine Leiter aufweist und keinen Lift. Weist diese einen Lift auf, ist zwar das Ersteigen der Plattform einfacher, allerdings besteht die Gefahr, dass beim Anlanden des Boots der Lift beschädigt wird. Daher werden Lifte, die direkt an der Anlege-Vorrichtung vorgesehen sind, von Monteuren weniger bevorzugt, da hier stets die Gefahr besteht diese bei Wellengang zu beschädigen und so Haftungsfälle nach sich zu ziehen.Accordingly, the object is achieved by an offshore foundation structure with a jacket section, which has a plurality of struts connected to one another in the manner of a framework, a receptacle for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind turbine, and with a platform which is at least partially arranged inside the jacket section and in the Substantially closes the entire clear cross-section of the jacket section. The platform is preferably arranged below the receptacle. The platform is preferably located about 5 to 20 meters below the receiver, preferably 10 to 15 meters. Furthermore, a docking device or landing or landing structure or boat landing is preferably provided. The attachment structure preferably extends along the jacket structure outside of it and has a ladder or the like. The ladder of the landing structure or berthing device preferably extends further down from about the level of the platform, preferably 5 to 15 meters. A boat can dock at the lower end of the ladder and a mechanic can climb onto the platform via the ladder. As a result, the overall climbing length is significantly reduced and a fitter can rest on the platform. It is inside the jacket structure and is therefore at least partially protected from waves and wind. It is preferred that the landing structure has a ladder and not a lift. If this has a lift, it is easier to climb onto the platform, but there is a risk that the lift will be damaged when the boat is landed. For this reason, lifts that are provided directly on the docking device are less preferred by fitters, since there is always the risk of damaging them in the event of waves and thus resulting in liability cases.
Vorzugsweise oder alternativ ist eine Gangway vorgesehen, die sich bevorzugt im Inneren des Jacketabschnitts erstreckt. Ein Jacketabschnitt hat vorzugsweise eine zylindrische oder kegelstumpfförmige Grundform, wobei an der Außenkontur vorzugsweise vier-, fünf-, sechs-, sieben- oder achteckig ist. Der Jacketabschnitt besteht vorzugsweise aus mehreren Streben, die teilweise ring- oder polygonförmig um eine Zentralachse verlaufen und Ringe bilden. Die restlichen Streben verbinden derartige Ringe oder Polygone miteinander, beispielsweise mittels x-Knoten oder anderen Knoten. Die Gangway erstreckt sich vorzugsweise radial bezogen auf einen Jacketabschnitt von außen nach innen, sodass ein Monteur geschützt von außerhalb des Jacketabschnitts nach innen gelangen kann. Die Gangway ist vorzugsweise als Steg mit Geländern, Durchgang, Tunnel, eingehauster Durchgang, Hängebrücke, oder dergleichen ausgebildet. Die Gangway ist vorzugsweise zusätzlich oder alternativ zu der Plattform vorgesehen. In einer Variante ist die Plattform klein ausgebildet und weist eine im Wesentlichen rechteckige Grundstruktur auf, befindet sich etwa mittig innerhalb des Jacketabschnitts. Die Gangway verbindet die Plattform mit einer Außenseite des Jacketabschnitts. Die Gangway ist dabei so angeordnet, dass ein Monteur von der Leiter der Anlege-Vorrichtung ohne Weiteres direkt in die Gangway gelangen kann. Die Gangway verbindet folglich die Plattform mit der Leiter. Alternativ ist die Gangway auf der Plattform vorgesehen. Bevorzugt ist eine Offshore-Gründungsstruktur mit einem Jacketabschnitt vorgesehen, welcher mehrere fachwerkartig miteinander verbundene Streben aufweist, eine Aufnahme für einen Turmschaft, insbesondere für einen Turmschaft einer Windenergieanlage und die einen Lift aufweist. Der Lift ist vorzugsweise unterhalb des Turmschafts derart angeordnet, dass ein Monteur von einer unterhalb des Turmschafts angeordneten Plattform mittels des Lifts in das Innere des Turmschafts verfahren kann. Alternativ ist der Lift so angeordnet, dass ein Monteur von einer unterhalb des Turmschafts angeordneten Plattform direkt auf eine Service-Plattform, die den Turmschaft im unteren Bereich umgibt, verfahren kann. Wird direkt in das Turminnere verfahren, hat dies den Vorteil, dass beim Ausstieg aus dem Lift der Monteur vor Wind und Wetter geschützt ist. Hierdurch ist die Sicherheit beim Arbeiten wesentlich verbessert. Zu Sicherstellung der Erreichbarkeit von Plattform und Turmschaft ist vorzugsweise neben dem Lift eine sich zum Turmschaft hin erstreckende Leiter angeordnet. Die entsprechende Eintrittsöffnung in einem Boden des Turmschafts und/oder einer entsprechenden Aufnahme für einen Turmschaft ist bevorzugt durch eine nach innen aufklappbare Luke verschließbar. Im Falle eines Ausfalls des Lifts ist somit eine alternative Möglichkeit vorhanden, den Turmschaft zu betreten oder zu verlassen. Insbesondere durch die Kombination der oben genannten Merkmale, nämlich eine Plattform im Inneren des Jacketabschnitts, die Anlegevorrichtung, sowie den Lift und die Gangway, werden Vorteile erzielt. Ein Monteur kann mit seinem Boot an der Anlegevorrichtung anlegen, die verkürzte Leiter bis zur Plattform hochklettern, dann in die Gangway eintreten, mittels der Gangway bis zum Lift gelangen und dann mit dem Lift von der Plattform in das Turmschaftinnere fahren, wo dann vorzugsweise weitere Plattformen oder ein Raum vorgesehen ist.A gangway is preferably or alternatively provided, which preferably extends inside the jacket section. A jacket section preferably has a cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped basic shape, with the outer contour preferably being four-, five-, six-, seven-, or octagonal. The jacket section preferably consists of several struts, some of which run in a ring or polygon shape around a central axis and form rings. The remaining struts connect rings or polygons of this type to one another, for example by means of x-nodes or other nodes. The gangway preferably extends radially from the outside to the inside in relation to a jacket section, so that a fitter can reach inside from outside the jacket section in a protected manner. The gangway is preferably designed as a jetty with railings, Passage, tunnel, enclosed passage, suspension bridge, or the like. The gangway is preferably provided in addition to or as an alternative to the platform. In one variant, the platform is small and has an essentially rectangular basic structure and is located approximately in the middle of the jacket section. The gangway connects the platform to an outside of the jacket section. The gangway is arranged in such a way that a mechanic can easily access the gangway directly from the ladder of the mooring device. The gangway thus connects the platform to the ladder. Alternatively, the gangway is provided on the platform. An offshore foundation structure with a jacket section is preferably provided, which has a plurality of struts connected to one another in the manner of a framework, a receptacle for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind turbine, and which has a lift. The lift is preferably arranged below the tower shaft in such a way that a fitter can move from a platform arranged below the tower shaft into the interior of the tower shaft by means of the lift. Alternatively, the lift is arranged in such a way that a fitter can move from a platform arranged below the tower shaft directly to a service platform that surrounds the tower shaft in the lower area. If you move directly into the inside of the tower, this has the advantage that the fitter is protected from wind and weather when exiting the lift. This significantly improves safety when working. To ensure that the platform and tower shaft can be reached, a ladder extending towards the tower shaft is preferably arranged next to the lift. The corresponding entry opening in a base of the tower shaft and/or a corresponding receptacle for a tower shaft can preferably be closed by a hatch that can be opened inwards. In the event of a lift failure, there is an alternative way of entering or exiting the tower shaft. Advantages are achieved in particular through the combination of the features mentioned above, namely a platform inside the jacket section, the mooring device, as well as the lift and the gangway. A fitter can dock his boat at the mooring device, climb up the shortened ladder to the platform, then enter the gangway, use the gangway to get to the lift and then take the lift from the platform to the inside of the tower shaft, where there are preferably other platforms or a room is provided.
Die Offshore-Gründungsstruktur und insbesondere der Jacketabschnitt ist vorzugsweise wie die Offshore-Tragstruktur und die Fachwerkstruktur gemäß dem Deutschen Gebrauchsmuster
Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist die Offshore-Gründungsstruktur bzw. der Jacketabschnitt ausgebildet, wie in der
Bevorzugt weisen die Streben des Jacketabschnitts eine Beschichtung auf, wie in dem Deutschen Gebrauchsmuster
Weiterhin ist bevorzugt, dass die Gründungsstruktur bzw. der Jacketabschnitt ausgebildet ist, wie in der Internationalen Veröffentlichung
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen, unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Gründungsstruktur, -
Fig. 2 eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Offshore-Gründungsstruktur, -
Fig. 3 eine Detailansicht ausFig. 2 , -
Fig. 4 eine weitere Detailansicht ausFig. 2 in einer Perspektive, -
Fig. 5 eine teilweise ausgeschnittene Detailansicht eines Bodens der Turmaufnahme, und -
Fig. 6 einen teilweisen Schnitt durch die Turmaufnahme.
-
1 a first embodiment of the offshore foundation structure according to the invention, -
2 a second embodiment of the offshore foundation structure according to the invention, -
3 adetailed view 2 , -
4 anotherdetailed view 2 in a perspective -
figure 5 a partially cut-out detailed view of a bottom of the tower seat, and -
6 a partial cut through the tower recording.
Gemäß
Auf dem Jacketabschnitt 2 ist eine Service-Plattform 20 angeordnet. Die Service-Plattform 20 weist eine kreisförmige Ausnehmung 21 auf, durch welche sich der Turmschaft 22 erstreckt. Ferner ist an den außenseitigen Kanten der Service-Plattform 20 ein Geländer 23 befestigt, welches vollständig um die Service-Plattform 20 umläuft.A
Die Offshore-Gründungsstruktur 1 für Windenergieanlagen (WEA) weist gemäß
Der Jacketabschnitt 2, umfassend die Segmente 32, 33, 34 ist aus Rohren bzw. Streben 3, 5 (nur jeweils eine mit Bezugszeichen versehen) gebildet, welche mittels Knoten 35, 36 (jeweils nur zwei mit Bezugszeichen versehen) miteinander verbunden sind. Der Knoten 35 ist als sogenannter abgerundeter Knoten bzw. "Roundet Node" ausgebildet; für Details zu diesem Knoten wird insbesondere auf
In dem mittleren Segment 33 ist die Anlegevorrichtung 6 ausgebildet. Diese ist in einem unteren Abschnitt 40 fest mit im Wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Streben 3 verbunden, sodass hier ein Boot anlanden kann. Der untere Abschnitt 40 ist vorzugsweise etwas niedriger als der durchschnittliche Meeresspiegel (vgl.
Im Inneren des Turmabschnitts 22 ist dann beispielsweise eine Plattform oder ein Raum oder dergleichen vorgesehen, so dass sich der Servicemitarbeiter umziehen kann und dann seine Arbeit im Inneren des Turms beginnen kann. Diese wird mit Bezug auf die
Hierdurch ist die Arbeit an der Windenergieanlage wesentlich vereinfacht und die Sicherheit erhöht. Es sind vorzugsweise zwei oder mehr Anlegevorrichtungen 6 vorgesehen, die jeweils mit einer Gangway 12, 14 verbunden sind. An diesen Anlegevorrichtungen 6 kann ein Boot problemlos anlegen, ohne die Gefahr, sensible Teile der Windenergieanlage oder der Gründungsstruktur zu beschädigen. Der Servicemitarbeiter muss nur eine kurze Leiter 8 hochklettern, bis zur Plattform 10. Diese Plattform ist ein gutes Stück unterhalb des Turmabschnitts 22 angeordnet, vorzugsweise etwa 5 bis 15 m. Dort kann der Servicemitarbeiter sich kurz ausruhen und dann über die Gangway in den Liftkorb 17 des Lifts 18 einsteigen und unmittelbar ins Innere des Turms 22 fahren. Der Lift 18 ist geschützt durch die Plattform 10 und den ihn umgebenden Deckabschnitt. Hierdurch wird auch die Gefahr, dass der Lift 18 beschädigt wird wesentlich verringert. Ferner ist nur ein Lift 18 notwendig, obwohl das Anlanden von mehreren Seiten an der Offshore-Gründungsstruktur 1 möglich ist. Hierdurch sind auch die Herstellung und die Montage der Offshore-Gründungsstruktur 1 wesentlich vereinfacht und preiswert möglich.This significantly simplifies work on the wind energy installation and increases safety. Two or
Die
Gemäß
Die Plattform 10 weist gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wiederum einen zentralen Bereich 11 auf und ist ferner mit einer Stützstrebe 60 versehen, die sich an der den Gangways 12, 14 abgewandten Seite der Plattform 10 zum Jacketabschnitt 2 hin erstreckt und so die Stabilität der Plattform erhöht (siehe insbesondere
Die Aufstiegseinrichtung 16 weist gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sowohl einen Lift 18 als auch eine Leiter 19 auf. Beide verlaufen etwa parallel zueinander. Die Leiter 19 dient in erster Linie als Sicherheitslösung, das heißt, sie bietet einen redundanten Aufstieg in das Innere 102 der Aufnahmevorrichtung 4 bzw. des Transition Piece 4.According to this exemplary embodiment, the
Der Lift 18 weist gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel einen Liftkorb 17 auf, der an zwei Schienen 64, 66 fährt. Die Schienen 64, 66 erstrecken sich vom zentralen Bereich 11 der Plattform 10 bis ins Innere 102 des Transition Piece 4 (siehe
In dem Boden 104 ist eine Luke 68 vorgesehen, durch die der Liftkorb 17 hindurchfahren kann. Die Luke 68 ist durch eine Abdeckung 70 verschlossen. Die Abdeckung 70 ist über einen eigenen Liftwagen 72 mit den Schienen 64, 66 des Lifts 16 gekoppelt. Die Abdeckung 70 verhindert durch an ihrem Rand befindliche Gummiabdichtungen 74 wirksam ein Eindringen von Gischt und salzwassergesättigter Umgebungsluft aus dem Bereich unterhalb des Transition Piece 4, um die im Inneren befindlichen elektrischen oder sonstigen Anlagen gegen Korrosion oder Kurzschlüsse zu schützen. Das Gewicht der Abdeckung 70 ist vorzugsweise so bemessen, dass auch eine Windböe bei schlechterem Wetter diese nicht anheben kann. Neben der Abdeckung 70, die die Luke 68 verschließt, ist eine weitere Luke 69 samt Lukendeckel vorgesehen, die der Leiter 19 zugeordnet ist (siehe
Nutzt der Servicemitarbeiter den Lift 18, wird die Abdeckung 70 gemäß diesem Ausführungsbeispiel wie folgt angehoben. In dem Moment, in dem der obere Teil 76 des Liftkorbs 17 die Abdeckung 70 erreicht, wird diese durch zwei Gummipuffer 78, 79 (vergleiche
Der Lift 18 verfügt über zwei synchronisierte Seilwinden 84, 86, vorzugsweise elektronisch synchronisiert, die auf einer Windenplattform 88 (vergleiche
Claims (12)
- An offshore foundation structure (1) comprisinga jacket portion (2) which has a plurality of struts (3) interconnected in a framework-like manner,a receiving means (4) for a tower shaft, in particular for a tower shaft of a wind power installation, andcharacterised by a platform (10) which is arranged at least partially in the interior of the jacket portion (2), wherein the platform (10) closes substantially the entire inner cross-section of the jacket portion (2).
- The offshore foundation structure according to claim 1 comprising one or more docking arrangements (6), in particular a jetty, a service jetty, a landing structure and/or a boat landing, for docking of a boat, wherein a climbing device (8), in particular stairs or a ladder, extends from the docking arrangement (8).
- The offshore foundation structure according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the platform (10) can be reached from the docking arrangement (6) by means of a climbing device (8).
- The offshore foundation structure according to claim 3, wherein the climbing device (8) connects the docking arrangement (6) to the platform (10).
- The offshore foundation structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the jacket portion (2) has regions having substantially horizontally extending struts (5), and the platform (10) is arranged in said region.
- The offshore foundation structure according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the jacket portion (2) has at least one wave-breaking element in the region of the platform (10).
- The offshore foundation structure according to one of the preceding claims comprising at least one gangway (12, 14), wherein the gangway connects the platform (10) of the offshore foundation structure (1) to an outside of the jacket portion (2).
- The offshore foundation structure according to claim 7, wherein the gangway (12, 14) is arranged at least partially in the interior of the jacket portion (2).
- The offshore foundation structure according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the gangway (12, 14) is arranged on the platform (10).
- The offshore foundation structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein provided at the platform (10) is an ascension device (16) for climbing into the interior of the tower shaft.
- The offshore foundation structure according to claim 10, wherein the ascension device (16) is a ladder (19) leading from the platform (10) into the interior of the tower shaft, preferably approximately to the height of the service platform (20).
- The offshore foundation structure according to one of the preceding claims 10 or 11, wherein the ascension device (16) is connected to the gangway (12, 14).
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DE202015103351.6U DE202015103351U1 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-06-25 | Offshore foundation structure with gangway and improved boatlanding |
PCT/EP2015/074100 WO2016124263A1 (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-10-19 | Offshore foundation structure with gangway and improved boat landing |
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EP3253927B1 true EP3253927B1 (en) | 2022-07-27 |
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- 2015-10-19 PL PL15787504.8T patent/PL3253927T3/en unknown
- 2015-10-19 WO PCT/EP2015/074100 patent/WO2016124263A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-10-19 EP EP15787504.8A patent/EP3253927B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE202015103351U1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
EP3253927A1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
US20180135267A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
US10738430B2 (en) | 2020-08-11 |
PL3253927T3 (en) | 2022-11-21 |
WO2016124263A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 |
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