EP1563231B1 - Generateur d'air chaud - Google Patents

Generateur d'air chaud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1563231B1
EP1563231B1 EP03758692A EP03758692A EP1563231B1 EP 1563231 B1 EP1563231 B1 EP 1563231B1 EP 03758692 A EP03758692 A EP 03758692A EP 03758692 A EP03758692 A EP 03758692A EP 1563231 B1 EP1563231 B1 EP 1563231B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
combustion products
hot air
flow
air generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03758692A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1563231A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfonso Vescovi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TECNOCLIMA SpA
Original Assignee
TECNOCLIMA SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by TECNOCLIMA SpA filed Critical TECNOCLIMA SpA
Publication of EP1563231A1 publication Critical patent/EP1563231A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1563231B1 publication Critical patent/EP1563231B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/10—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates
    • F24H3/105—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators by plates using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F23D14/105—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head with injector axis parallel to the burner head axis

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the field of heating of industrial and civil facilities and, in particular, it relates to a new type of hot air generator.
  • hot air generators generally comprise a combustion chamber where the combustion of a liquid or gas fuel takes place, an air-flue gas heat exchanger, a fan assembly that provides for a forced circulation of air, and a supporting frame on which the enclosure panels are applied, usually internally covered with a thermal insulating material to limit the thermal radiation from the furnace to the outside environment.
  • the combustion chamber is delimited by a housing in the interior part of which a liquid or gas fuel burner is located.
  • a manifold communicating with the combustion chamber collects the flue gas and conveys it to the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger is generally formed by a series of plates or tubes the surfaces of which are touched internally by the hot stream formed by the flue gas, and externally by the air stream to be heated.
  • a final manifold collects the flue gas running through the heat exchanger and diffuses it through an outlet into the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the fan can be of the axial or centrifugal kind and provides for an air circulation through the heat exchanger. Air in contact with the heat exchanger is heated and sent back to the surrounding environment.
  • Document DE 199 39 017 A1 discloses a heat exchanger, particularly for hot air generators of the kind mentioned above, which comprises a number of flat chamber-like modules, which modules are stacked and interconnected mechanically and in flow communication via openings in the modules and connecting sleeves surrounding the openings.
  • This heat exchanger costs less to manufacture and service than other traditional heat exchangers, however it exhibits a low thermal efficiency because the heat transfer is penalised by the circumstance the flue gas velocity inside the heat exchanger is not constant, but decreases instead with the reduction in temperature and specific volume of the flue gas.
  • Document EP 0 431 446 A1 discloses a hot air generator comprising a combustion chamber, a gas burner, an air-flue gas heat exchanger, a fan for the forced circulation of the combustion products, and a fan for the forced circulation of the air to be heated.
  • the heat exchanger is formed of a set of air tubes arranged side by side and supported at both ends thereof.
  • the air tubes are arranged in spaced relationship so as to provide therebetween hollow spaces forming the flues.
  • the air tubes have a cross-section which decreases with the reduction in temperature of the combustion products flowing into the heat exchanger so as to keep the flow velocity of the combustion products constant Accordingly, the heat exchanger exhibits a good thermal efficiency.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a hot air generator comprising a heat exchanger which is both economical to manufacture and thermally efficient.
  • a hot air generator including a liquid or gas fuel burner, a combustion air inlet, a combustion chamber, an air-flue gas heat exchanger, a fan providing for a forced flow of combustion products, a flue gas outlet, a fan providing for a forced flow of air to be heated, wherein: the heat exchanger is formed of a plurality of parallel spaced plates arranged in pairs and joined together on their edges, each pair of plates encloses a space provided for the flow of combustion products and has circular connections provided for the passage of combustion products into and from said enclosed space, the pairs of plates are arranged horizontally in side-by-side spaced relationship and are interconnected mechanically and in flow communication via sleeve-like connecting elements arranged around the circular connections, the interconnected pairs of plates are pressed together in a gastight manner by springs, tie bolts and spacers, character
  • the hot air generator comprises an atmospheric type liquid or gas fuel burner 1 mixing a correct amount of fuel, fed by an electrical valve 2, with oxygen contained in air taken in through intake connector 3 and creating a radial type flame 9.
  • Gases produced by the combustion after an inversion of their stream inside the combustion chamber 4, are conveyed to successive arrays of elements of flue gas exchange pipes, connected in parallel and forming an horizontal exchanger 5.
  • the combustion products are sucked through a centrifugal type fan 6 and, after having transferred their heat to the air inside the heat exchanger, they are ejected outside through the outlet connector 7.
  • Air to be heated is forced through the heat exchanger by an axial or centrifugal type fan 8 and streams along the surface of the heat exchanger, warming up in contact therewith.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 show a burner of the hot air generator according to the present invention.
  • the burner 1 internally exhibits a Venturi pipe 10 having such a geometry as to permit operation with a prevailing amount of primary air P and reduced amount of secondary air S.
  • the external surface 11 of burner 1 shows a series of holes 12 having variable diameter, so as to permit the formation of a flame distributed along a semicircular arc of the burner cross-section and to display a maximum height of the flame at the extremity of the semicircular arc and a minimum height of the flame at the midpoint of the semicircular arc. In this way, an efficient heat distribution is achieved inside the combustion chamber 4.
  • Figures from 6 to 9 show a plate 13 of the heat exchanger.
  • Plate 13 has a series of cross type turbulence inducing imprints 14 for the gas that assure high efficiency and limited loss of pressure and a pair of buckling preventing spacing imprints 15 that allow to keep the upper and lower parts of the plate mutually spaced.
  • height sizing imprints 16 are provided as well as circular connection connections 17 for the mutual connection of the plates in order to form the heat exchanger.
  • connection element 18 that allows mutual connection of a pair of plates 13 of the heat exchanger horizontally placed one on top of the other.
  • This connection element 18 assures a seal to the plates 13 even in the absence of welding.
  • the connection element shows heat dissipating fins 19 as well as a tapered portion 20 having a wide contact surface.
  • the connection element is configured in such a way as to act as a manifold for the combustion products flowing from the lower to the upper plate of the heat exchanger.
  • the connection between the plates of the heat exchanger is obtained through pressure contact between the surfaces of plates 13 and that of the connection element 18.
  • the circular drawing of plates 13 is carried out on the external surface in order to provide for an efficient cooling of the material, an excellent mechanical resistance to compressive stress and a low pressure loss.
  • the contact surface with the connection element is as wide as possible and allows to offset normal manufacturing tolerances.
  • the compressive force holding together the plates of the heat exchanger is achieved through springs 21, tie bolts 22 and spacers 23.
  • the tie bolt 22, together with spacers 23, assures a correct positioning of plates 13 at a fixed mutual distance and the springs 21 surrounding tie bolts 22 provide for a constant lateral compressive force on plates 13, offsetting normal expansions originating from temperature changes.
  • the present invention it is possible to change the number and distance of the plates forming each array in order to keep the velocity constant of the combustion products when their temperature and specific volume decrease, as a result of the thermal exchange with air. This allows to maximize the performance of the thermal exchange and to gear the heat exchanger to different requirements of thermal exchange.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Générateur d'air chaud (GA) comprenant :
    un brûleur de combustible liquide ou gazeux (1),
    un orifice d'admission d'air de combustion (3),
    une chambre de combustion (4),
    un échangeur de chaleur air-gaz d'évacuation (5),
    un ventilateur (6) produisant un écoulement forcé des produits de combustion,
    un orifice de sortie de gaz d'évacuation (7),
    un ventilateur (8) produisant un écoulement forcé de l'air à chauffer,
    dans lequel :
    l'échangeur de chaleur (5) est formé d'une pluralité de plaques espacées parallèles (13) disposées en paires et jointes au niveau de leurs bords,
    chaque paire de plaques (13) entoure un espace prévu pour l'écoulement des produits de combustion et possède des connexions circulaires (17) prévues pour le passage des produits de combustion vers et depuis ledit espace entouré,
    les paires de plaques (13) sont disposées horizontalement espacées et côte à côte et sont mécaniquement raccordées entre elles et en communication d'écoulement via des éléments de raccordement en forme de manchons (18) disposés autour des connexions circulaires (17),
    les paires de plaques raccordées entre elles (13) sont pressées ensemble de manière étanche au gaz au moyen de ressorts (21), boulons d'assemblage (22) et entretoises (23),
    caractérisé en ce que le brûleur comporte une surface externe possédant une section transversale circulaire et une série de trous disposés sur un arc semi circulaire supérieur de la surface externe du brûleur et présentant un diamètre variable afin de générer des flammes de hauteur décroissante de l'extrémité de l'arc semi circulaire au point intermédiaire supérieur, et
    les paires de plaques raccordées entre elles (13) comprennent des groupes inférieur, intermédiaire et supérieur de paires de plaques (13), dans lequel les groupes sont disposés en série par rapport à la direction d'écoulement des produits de combustion et les paires de plaques (13) de chaque groupe sont disposées en parallèle par rapport à la direction d'écoulement des produits de combustion, la direction d'écoulement des produits de combustion dans le groupe intermédiaire étant opposée à la direction d'écoulement des produits de combustion dans les groupes inférieur et supérieur, et les paires de plaques (13) dans les groupes diminuant en nombre et en distance avec la réduction de la température et du volume spécifique des produits de combustion afin de maintenir une vitesse d'écoulement constante des produits de combustion dans l'échangeur de chaleur.
  2. Générateur d'air chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures (17) dans les plaques (13) possèdent un cône et les éléments de raccordement en forme de manchons (18) comprennent des parties coniques (20) qui correspondent aux cônes des ouvertures (17) dans les plaques (13). '
  3. Générateur d'air chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de raccordement en forme de manchons (18) sont munis d'ailettes externes de dissipation de chaleur (19).
  4. Générateur d'air chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les plaques (13) sont munies d'empreintes productrices de turbulence (14) pour un échange thermique efficace.
  5. Générateur d'air chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les paires de plaques (13) sont gardées séparées par des empreintes de dimensionnement en hauteur (15).
  6. Générateur d'air chaud selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le brûleur (1) est de forme tubulaire et de section transversale circulaire, la moitié supérieure du brûleur (1) comprenant des trous (12) présentant un diamètre variable et produisant une formation de flammes qui est distribuée le long d'un arc supérieur semi circulaire d'une coupe transversale du brûleur (1) et montre une hauteur des flammes maximale au niveau des points d'extrémité de l'arc semi circulaire et une hauteur des flammes minimale au niveau du point intermédiaire de l'arc semi circulaire.
EP03758692A 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Generateur d'air chaud Expired - Fee Related EP1563231B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20022081 ITMI20022081A1 (it) 2002-10-02 2002-10-02 Generatore d'aria calda.
ITMI20022081 2002-10-02
PCT/IT2003/000589 WO2004031663A1 (fr) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Generateur d'air chaud

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1563231A1 EP1563231A1 (fr) 2005-08-17
EP1563231B1 true EP1563231B1 (fr) 2007-12-05

Family

ID=32051222

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03758692A Expired - Fee Related EP1563231B1 (fr) 2002-10-02 2003-09-30 Generateur d'air chaud

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1563231B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003274730A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60317927T2 (fr)
IT (1) ITMI20022081A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004031663A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB670337A (en) * 1949-01-04 1952-04-16 Main Water Heaters Ltd Improvements in or relating to multi-jet gas burners and their manufacture
SE301817B (fr) * 1964-12-29 1968-06-24 Alfa Laval Ab
US3780954A (en) * 1970-05-15 1973-12-25 Robertshaw Controls Co Burner construction
US4106474A (en) * 1977-03-17 1978-08-15 Modine Manufacturing Company Heat conserving space heater
BR8707991A (pt) * 1987-08-03 1990-05-22 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Processo de combustao e queimador de gas com um nivel muito baixo de emissao nociva nox,co.
AU624662B2 (en) * 1988-12-12 1992-06-18 Vulcan Australia Limited Heat exchanger
IT219055Z2 (it) * 1989-12-06 1992-11-27 Tecnoclima Gruppo di scambio termico per aerotermi e per apparecchi similari per trattamento dell'aria calda
US5359989A (en) * 1993-03-04 1994-11-01 Evcon Industries, Inc. Furnace with heat exchanger
DE19648808A1 (de) * 1996-11-26 1998-06-04 Schott Glaswerke Gasbrenner
DE19939017A1 (de) * 1999-08-18 2001-02-22 Walter Kroll Gmbh Waerme Und U Wärmetauscher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20022081A1 (it) 2004-04-03
DE60317927T2 (de) 2008-04-10
AU2003274730A1 (en) 2004-04-23
DE60317927D1 (de) 2008-01-17
WO2004031663A1 (fr) 2004-04-15
EP1563231A1 (fr) 2005-08-17

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