EP1559676B1 - Mikrostrukturierte anordnung zur blasenfreien befüllung zumindest eines systems zur ableitung von flüssigkeiten, vorrichtung mit einer solchen anordnung und befüllungsverfahren - Google Patents
Mikrostrukturierte anordnung zur blasenfreien befüllung zumindest eines systems zur ableitung von flüssigkeiten, vorrichtung mit einer solchen anordnung und befüllungsverfahren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1559676B1 EP1559676B1 EP04029633.7A EP04029633A EP1559676B1 EP 1559676 B1 EP1559676 B1 EP 1559676B1 EP 04029633 A EP04029633 A EP 04029633A EP 1559676 B1 EP1559676 B1 EP 1559676B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- transition region
- region
- arrangement
- arrangement according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 106
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502723—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by venting arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0621—Control of the sequence of chambers filled or emptied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0684—Venting, avoiding backpressure, avoid gas bubbles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0861—Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices
- B01L2300/0864—Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices comprising only one inlet and multiple receiving wells, e.g. for separation, splitting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/06—Valves, specific forms thereof
- B01L2400/0688—Valves, specific forms thereof surface tension valves, capillary stop, capillary break
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502746—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means for controlling flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers, baffles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/110833—Utilizing a moving indicator strip or tape
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis
- Y10T436/111666—Utilizing a centrifuge or compartmented rotor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a microstructured arrangement for the bubble-free filling of at least one system for the discharge of liquids (liquid-discharging system) with a liquid.
- the invention further relates to a device with such an arrangement.
- Air bubbles are often formed when deflecting the liquid flow, for example, when a channel changes its direction by 90 °. The edges present in the corner area may cause this corner area is not completely wetted by the liquid and already liquid penetrates into the 90 ° bend channel section (liquid-discharging system) before the corner area is completely wetted by the liquid. The liquid stream then flows past an air bubble formed in the corner region and penetrates into the 90 ° angled section of the channel.
- the air bubble located in the corner area can, however, subsequently detach from the corner area and act as a plug in front of the channel section which is angled at 90 °, ie. H. put the liquid-discharging system.
- Another liquid transport can be prevented or at least disabled.
- EP 1 201 304 A2 is a microstructured platform for the study of a liquid known in which various cavities are filled by capillary forces with liquids.
- a chamber 130 which is filled via a feed channel 450.
- the chamber has a comparatively large depth and the supply channel opens directly below the lid of the chamber, wherein the mouth region has a small cross-sectional area.
- the mouth region there is thus an abrupt transition from the small cross-sectional area of the feed channel to the large cross-sectional area of the chamber, which acts like a capillary stop, at which a liquid transport breaks off.
- a notch 440 is provided, which extends from the mouth region of the supply channel to the bottom of the chamber in the side wall of the chamber. There is an increased capillary force in the notch causing the liquid introduced via the supply duct to draw along the notch to the bottom of the chamber. The notch thus directs the liquid to the bottom of the chamber, and from the bottom of the chamber, the liquid then rises into the chamber. Before the chamber is completely filled with the liquid, the outlet of the chamber is wetted to the inlet structure 410 and liquid exits the chamber 130. However, then air is trapped in the chamber 130, which is undesirable.
- a similar notch, referred to therein as the gutter 62 which serves the same purposes as the notch in the document EP 1 201 304 A2 .
- Cascade and butterfly structures are described, which allows a uniform flow of a liquid flow into a uniformly flowing liquid layer (or vice versa, uniform merging of a wide liquid flow).
- these cascade and butterfly structures alone do not ensure bubble-free filling of a subsequent chamber. Rather, in the chamber itself must have delay structures at the edges, which prevent a leading edge flow and thus the inclusion of air bubbles.
- a microstructured assembly for the bubble-free filling of at least one liquid-removing system with a liquid has an inlet for a connection of the arrangement to a system for the supply of liquids (liquid-feeding systems).
- the assembly further includes at least one outlet for connection of the assembly to the at least one liquid-removing system, and the assembly includes a transition region through which the liquid is transportable from the inlet to the at least one outlet.
- at least a first microstructure element is provided for producing a position with increased capillary force, in order to achieve a complete wetting of the surfaces limiting this position with increased capillary force, in particular of side walls, a ceiling and / or a floor.
- a region for collecting the liquid supplied via the inlet is arranged between the inlet and the transition region.
- the collection area is then separated from the remaining transition area by the location with increased capillary force and otherwise by a capillary stop.
- This capillary stop may then be gradually wetted, after the location with the increased capillary force has been wetted by the liquid and the liquid is transported along the transition area due to the acting capillary forces, so that the capillary stop between the collection area and the remaining transition area is canceled.
- the capillary stop which is formed between the collecting region and the transition region is formed according to the invention by a paragraph.
- the liquid comes to the edge of the paragraph and can not overcome this due to the counteracting capillary forces.
- the heel can only be overcome if a liquid from the other side is brought to the heel and wets it.
- the capillary stop which is formed as a shoulder between the collecting region and the transition region, may be formed, on the one hand, by a collecting region which is elevated in relation to the transition region or, on the other hand, by a transition region which is elevated in relation to the collecting region.
- the gapless wetting of the beginning of the transition zone means that no air bubbles can be formed at the beginning of the transition zone. From the beginning of the transitional area, a fluid meniscus then contracts to the end of the transitional area due to the acting capillary forces, i. H. to the outlet (s) of the assembly. The inclusion of air bubbles is excluded. As a result, the liquid can be transported through the transition region without the formation of air bubbles, and a bubble-free filling of the liquid-discharging system, which adjoins the outlet, is ensured. The air contained in the transition region prior to filling with the liquid is displaced by the advance of the liquid towards the outlet and into the liquid removal system.
- the transition region from beginning to end has a uniform cross section without abrupt transitions or corners or the like.
- the collection area can be laterally almost completely surrounded by the transition area according to the invention.
- the collecting area has a substantially circular base area, wherein the inlet of the arrangement may be provided in the center of the base area of the collecting area.
- the transition region between the inlet and the outlet may be formed substantially annular in an arrangement according to the invention. This is the case in particular when the collecting area has a substantially circular base area.
- An arrangement according to the invention has at least one outlet but advantageously a plurality of outlets for the connection of the arrangement to the liquid-discharging systems. These outlets are advantageously arranged between the beginning and at least one end of the transitional area.
- An arrangement according to the invention can be configured so that an outlet for the connection of the arrangement to the liquid-discharging systems is arranged at the end or at the ends of the transition region.
- the inlet and the outlets and in particular the liquid-supplying or liquid-discharging systems adjoining the inlet and the outlets, can have orientation directions which are at an angle deviating from 0 ° or 180 ° to one another. It is particularly possible that the inlet and the outlets have orientation directions which are at an angle of approximately 90 ° to each other.
- the transition region of an arrangement according to the invention may, in particular embodiments, have at least one second microstructure element between the beginning and at least one of the outlets.
- This second microstructure element or these second microstructure elements can accelerate the transport of the liquid through the transition region from its start to the outlet.
- the first and / or the second microstructure element may be a ramp. It is also possible that the first and / or the second microstructure element is a staircase. The first and / or second microstructure element may also be at least one pillar or at least one notch.
- the devices according to the invention shown in the drawing have some features that correspond to each other at least in their function. Mutually functionally corresponding features of the various devices are therefore provided with the same reference numerals.
- the in the Fig. 1 and 2 shown first device not according to the invention comprises a body 7, in which a recess is introduced.
- This recess forms a transition region 3.
- the liquid-removing system 5 is connected via an outlet 4 to the transition region 3.
- the transition region 3 can be divided into two parts. A first, the outlet 4 facing away from the first microstructure elements in the form of columns. This area forms a site 6 with increased capillary force.
- the rest, the outlet 4 facing part is designed without special microstructure elements.
- a cover 8 covers the transition region 3 and the liquid-removing system 5 such that an inlet 2 remains free in the region of the point 6, via which a liquid can be introduced into the transition region 3.
- the pillars of the point 6 with increased capillary force forming the first microstructure elements cause a liquid, which is introduced into the transition region 3 via the inlet 2, initially to remain completely at this point 6 with increased capillary force.
- the Liquid does not penetrate beyond the point 6 until this point 6 and the point-limiting surfaces of the transition region, such as the underside of the cover 8, the side walls of the transition region 3 and the bottom of the transition region 3 are wetted.
- a ramp 12 may be provided in the part of the transition region 3 facing the outlet 4 as the second microstructure element, which ramp has the level of the bottom of the transition region 3 to the outlet 4 raises the level of the liquid-discharging system 5.
- the entire transition region 3 can taper in the direction of the outlet 4, so that there is no sudden cross-sectional conditions at the outlet 4 from the transition region 3 to the liquid-removing system 5.
- the liquid which is introduced into the first device not according to the invention via the inlet 2 can be supplied via a pipette or the like serving as a liquid-supplying system.
- the in the 3 and 4 illustrated second non-inventive device also has a body 7, in which a recess is introduced, which forms a transition region 3.
- the transition region 3 has an inlet 2, in which a liquid-feeding system 9 designed as a channel opens into the transition region 3.
- the transition region 3 also has an outlet 4, from which extends a channel formed as liquid-discharging system 5 starting.
- the outlet 4 is provided in a lateral boundary surface of the transitional region 3, specifically at an end of the transitional region 3 opposite the inlet 2.
- the body 7 and thus also the complete transitional region 3 and the liquid-removing system 5 are covered with a cover 8.
- the transition region 3 has a point 6 which has an increased capillary force.
- This point 6 is formed by a notch, which causes the liquid flowing from the liquid-conducting system 9 due to the increased capillary force at the point 6 first wets the point 6 and from there, the transition region 3 along the lateral boundary surface, the underside of the lid 8 and the bottom of the transition area is wetted. A liquid meniscus then moves due to the acting capillary forces from the inlet 2 via the point 6 with increased capillary force along the transition region 3 to the outlet 4 and pushes the gas previously contained in the transition region 3 to the outlet 4.
- the in the Fig. 5 to 8 illustrated first device according to the invention has a substantially cylindrical body 7.
- This body 7 has a central bore which forms a liquid-supplying system 9 and opens into an inlet 2 into a chamber which is formed by a collecting region 10 and a transition region 3 surrounding the collecting region 10.
- the chamber is provided as a recess on an end face of the body 7, wherein the collecting area 10 directly adjoins the inlet 2, the inlet 2 completely surrounding.
- the transition region 3 adjoins the collecting region 10 by means of a capillary stop 11 formed by a shoulder. Paragraph is designed so that the collecting area 10 is raised above the transition area 3.
- the transition region 3 thus substantially surrounds the collecting region 10 in an annular manner, the ring having an interruption between a beginning and an end of the transitional region 3.
- the beginning and the end of the transition region 3 are separated by a projection, which forms the interruption of the substantially annular transition region 3.
- liquid-removing systems 5 are connected via outlets 4 to the transition region 3.
- the beginning of the collecting area 3 has a point 6 with increased capillary force.
- the point 6 with increased capillary force is formed by a notch, which adjoins the capillary stop 11 between the collecting region 10 and the transition region 3.
- This notch which is a first microstructure element of the device, causes a liquid that has entered the collection area 10 via the inlet 2 to draw to the beginning of the transition area 3 due to the increased capillary forces acting.
- the point 6 with increased capillary force further causes the beginning of the transition region 3 is wetted without gaps with the liquid before the liquid penetrates further into the transition region 3.
- the second embodiment of an inventive device according to the Fig. 9 to 12 corresponds essentially to the structure of the first embodiment according to the Fig. 5 to 8 ,
- the difference between the first device according to the invention and the second device according to the invention lies essentially in the fact that, unlike the first device according to the invention in the second device according to the invention, the collecting region 10 is lower than the substantially annular transition region 3. That is, the transition region 3 is raised above the collecting area 10. Nevertheless, a shoulder between the collecting area 10 and the transition area 3 forms a capillary stop 11, which prevents the liquid from entering the collecting area 10 into the transition area 3 solely due to capillary forces. An exception is the point 6, which is located at the beginning of the transition region 3 and has an increased capillary force.
- the point 6 causes a wetting of the beginning of the transition region 3 causes.
- Site 6 with increased capillary force is formed by a first microstructure element which is through a notch which adjoins the capillary stop 11 between the Collection area 10 and the transition area 3 connects.
- the point 6 with increased capillary force causes only the beginning of the transition region 3 is wetted with the liquid from the inlet 2 into the collection area 10 and then moves a liquid meniscus along the transition region 3 from its beginning to its end, the after and after the capillary stop 11 picks up the collecting area 10 and wets the outlets 4, so that the liquid can penetrate the distinctlykeitsabshareden systems.
- the air in the transition area 3 and possibly also in the collecting area 10 is displaced via the outlets 4 into the liquid-removing area 5, so that subsequently no air bubbles remain in the collecting area 10 in the transition area 3 and in the liquid-discharging areas 5. This guarantees a bubble-free filling of the liquid-discharging systems.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10360220 | 2003-12-20 | ||
DE10360220A DE10360220A1 (de) | 2003-12-20 | 2003-12-20 | Mikrostrukturierte Anordnung zur blasenfreien Befüllung zumindest eines Systems zur Ableitung von Flüssigkeiten, Vorrichtung mit einer solchen Anordnung und Befüllungsverfahren |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1559676A2 EP1559676A2 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
EP1559676A3 EP1559676A3 (de) | 2008-12-03 |
EP1559676B1 true EP1559676B1 (de) | 2016-06-29 |
Family
ID=34638731
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04029633.7A Active EP1559676B1 (de) | 2003-12-20 | 2004-12-15 | Mikrostrukturierte anordnung zur blasenfreien befüllung zumindest eines systems zur ableitung von flüssigkeiten, vorrichtung mit einer solchen anordnung und befüllungsverfahren |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7485118B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1559676B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4931345B2 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN101632947B (zh) |
DE (1) | DE10360220A1 (zh) |
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US20070280857A1 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Applera Corporation | Devices and Methods for Positioning Dried Reagent In Microfluidic Devices |
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CN103252261B (zh) | 2007-10-30 | 2015-04-15 | 松下健康医疗器械株式会社 | 分析用仪器 |
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BRPI0907148B1 (pt) | 2008-02-27 | 2021-01-12 | Boehringer Ingelheim Microparts Gmbh | dispositivo para a separação do plasma |
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US10005082B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2018-06-26 | Incyto Co., Ltd. | Microfluidic circuit element comprising microfluidic channel with nano interstices and fabrication method thereof |
KR101390717B1 (ko) * | 2008-09-02 | 2014-04-30 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 미세유동장치 및 미세유동장치에의 시료주입방법 |
EP2213364A1 (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg | Phase guide patterns for liquid manipulation |
RU2525425C2 (ru) * | 2009-04-15 | 2014-08-10 | Конинклейке Филипс Электроникс Н.В. | Безгазовая камера для текучих сред |
EP2486978A1 (de) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-08-15 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Mikrofluidischer Testträger zum Aufteilen einer Flüssigkeitsmenge in Teilmengen |
EP2455162A1 (de) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-23 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Mikrofluidisches Element zur Analyse einer Probenflüssigkeit |
US20140227148A1 (en) | 2011-07-05 | 2014-08-14 | Boehringer Ingelheim Microparts Gmbh | Microfluidic Structure Having Recesses |
US9535082B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2017-01-03 | Abbott Laboratories | Methods and apparatus to agitate a liquid |
USD978375S1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2023-02-14 | Abbott Laboratories | Reagent container |
USD962471S1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2022-08-30 | Abbott Laboratories | Reagent container |
US10058866B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2018-08-28 | Abbott Laboratories | Methods and apparatus to mitigate bubble formation in a liquid |
WO2017117553A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | Mec Dynamics | Micro mechanical methods and systems for performing assays |
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-
2003
- 2003-12-20 DE DE10360220A patent/DE10360220A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-12-15 EP EP04029633.7A patent/EP1559676B1/de active Active
- 2004-12-20 JP JP2004368438A patent/JP4931345B2/ja active Active
- 2004-12-20 CN CN2009101603255A patent/CN101632947B/zh active Active
- 2004-12-20 CN CNA2004100942165A patent/CN1695808A/zh active Pending
- 2004-12-20 US US11/015,333 patent/US7485118B2/en active Active
Also Published As
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US20050169778A1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
JP2005177754A (ja) | 2005-07-07 |
JP4931345B2 (ja) | 2012-05-16 |
DE10360220A1 (de) | 2005-07-21 |
CN101632947B (zh) | 2012-08-08 |
US7485118B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
CN101632947A (zh) | 2010-01-27 |
EP1559676A2 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
CN1695808A (zh) | 2005-11-16 |
EP1559676A3 (de) | 2008-12-03 |
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