EP1555902A1 - Etoffe multicouche permeable a l'air - Google Patents

Etoffe multicouche permeable a l'air

Info

Publication number
EP1555902A1
EP1555902A1 EP03777848A EP03777848A EP1555902A1 EP 1555902 A1 EP1555902 A1 EP 1555902A1 EP 03777848 A EP03777848 A EP 03777848A EP 03777848 A EP03777848 A EP 03777848A EP 1555902 A1 EP1555902 A1 EP 1555902A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aramid
textile fabric
layer
yams
fabric
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP03777848A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1555902B1 (fr
Inventor
Sonja Hubner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Publication of EP1555902A1 publication Critical patent/EP1555902A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1555902B1 publication Critical patent/EP1555902B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/08—Heat resistant; Fire retardant
    • A41D31/085—Heat resistant; Fire retardant using layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/10—Impermeable to liquids, e.g. waterproof; Liquid-repellent
    • A41D31/102—Waterproof and breathable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
    • A41D31/125—Moisture handling or wicking function through layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/26—Electrically protective, e.g. preventing static electricity or electric shock
    • A41D31/265—Electrically protective, e.g. preventing static electricity or electric shock using layered materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multilayered, breathable - that is to say, moisture vapor permeable - textile (including woven and knitted) fabric and especially, but not exclusively, to a textile fabric for clothing purposes.
  • the invention relates to a fabric for manufacturing articles of work clothing for protection against the effects of heat, flames, electric arc, and the like. Therefore, the invention also relates to an article of fire protection clothing with a novel, breathable, moisture-transporting fabric as an inner layer.
  • the textile fabric can also be used in the leisure sector, for example, to manufacture functional undergarments.
  • Breathing fabric constructions such as, those sold under the name GORETEX ® .
  • Breathable fabrics are essentially water impermeable on one side, while they allow water vapor to escape through the fabric on the other side. These fabrics are used for articles of clothing, especially for jackets and coats and pants.
  • the fabric is waterproof, while, at the same time, it prevents the collection of water vapor under the coat caused by perspiration.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,272,685 describes a waterproof fabric that has at least two different layers.
  • German Patent DE 195 47 704 Al describes a multilayered textile fabric consisting of two fabric layers with different denier values used to transport perspiration and other bodily fluids.
  • the fabric layers have a material from the group consisting of polyester, nylon and acrylic resin. This fabric, however, is not suitable for manufacturing protective clothing.
  • German Patent DE 43 07 501 Al describes a multilayered textile fabric with an inner layer of microfibers, whereby the fabric has a wicking or capillary effect and improves the water vapor transport from the inside to the outside.
  • the described textile fabrics are used to manufacture sports clothing, leisure clothing and the like.
  • protective clothing for instance, for firefighters, is very heavy on its own.
  • the protective outfits provide protection by being massive, but this greatly limits the wearer's ability to move and leads to severe heat stress, thus considerably impairing the wearing comfort.
  • fire protection clothing has to meet national standards, for example, the standards DIN EN 469 or SN 054551.
  • DIN EN 469 or SN 054551 the standards DIN EN 469 or SN 054551.
  • the textile fabric 1 comprises at least two separate layers 2, 3 that are bonded to each other by means of dots or lines or else over the entire surface, whose warp and weft yams consist of aramid yams or aramid twisted threads or aramid filament yams or yams made of blended fibers containing polybenzimidazole and aramid fibers, whereby the layers 2, 3 have different individual fiber degrees of fineness in order to bring about a fineness gradient over the thickness 7 of the fabric 1, whereby the side 6 of the layer 3 that essentially faces the skin has the coarser individual fiber titer and the layer of the side 4 facing away from the skin has the finer individual fiber titer.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of the multilayered fabric 1 according to the invention with the side 6 facing the skin.
  • Figure 2 is a section through the multilayered fabric 1 according to the invention of Figure 1 along Line 2-2.
  • Figure 3 a is a mechanical illustration of a repeating portion of a plain weave pattern of an embodiment of a dobble weave fabric 1 used in the Example viewed toward skin side 6.
  • Figure 3b is a mechanical illustration of a repeating unit of the fabric 1 of
  • Figure 3 c is a symbolic weaver design of the fabric 1 of Figures 3 a and 3b.
  • Figure 3d is a loom harness lifting plan for the symbolic design in Figure 3c where each column corresponds to a separate harness.
  • the fabric according to the invention while providing virtually identical thermal insulation, has a moisture absorption, relative to the square meter weight, that is about four to eight times as high in comparison to the prior art material.
  • the time within which the drops of perspiration are absorbed is less than one second with the material according to the invention. With the conventional material, that is to say, with aramid lining material, this value is about five minutes.
  • the mode of action of the textile fabric 1 according to the invention can be described as follows.
  • the fabric 1 is composed of at least two separate single plies 2, 3 being bonded to each other at predefined positions 5 by the mean of selected bounding yams which are part of the ply 3 which faces away from the skin.
  • the bounding yarns are woven or knitted or stitched through the ply 2 on the skin side.
  • the bounding yarns are visible on this predefined position on the skin side 6 in the form of dots.
  • the moisture formed on the skin is absorbed by the microfiber composing the bounding yarns forming the dots 5 located on the skin side 6, it is then transported by the capillary action of the microfibers along the bounding yams to the back of the ply or layer 3 by means of capillary action and the preferred direction of the bounding yams towards the ply 3 facing away from the skin.
  • On the side 6 which faces the skin it quickly evaporates due to the large surface of the waffle structure. Consequently, the side 6, which faces the skin, always remains relatively dry in comparison to normal material, for example, normal aramid lining fabric.
  • the multilayered, breathable textile fabric 1 is used to manufacture an article of work clothing, for example, for firefighters.
  • the textile fabric 1 consists of a base fabric, ply or layer 2 and a microfiber fabric, ply or layer 3, each layer 2,3 with warp and weft yams.
  • the warp and weft yams for each of the layers 2,3 can be made of aramid spun yam (made from staple fiber) as well as multifilament continuous yam can be used. Combinations are also possible. According to the invention, however, it is also possible to use phenol formaldehyde fibers, polyamide/polyimide fibers, polybenzimidazole fibers or fiber mixtures made of the above-mentioned fibers or else fiber mixtures with aramid yarns or else blended fibers containing polybenzimidazole and aramid fibers. If the fabric 1 according to the invention is to be used in the leisure sector, there is, of course, no longer a need to use aramid yam.
  • polyester and/or polyamide yarns can then used for either or both of the layers 2,3.
  • the aramid yams consist of aramid fibers from the group made up of Nomex ® , Kevlar ® , Twaron ® , Technora ® , and Teijinconex ® . Products such as Kynol ® are used as the phenol formaldehyde fibers and products such as Kermel® are used as the polyamide/polyimide fibers.
  • Possible weaves are all basic woven or knit types of weaves and their variations.
  • the aramid fibers are natural colored or dyed.
  • the fabric layers 2, 3 have a square meter weight in the range from 50 to 450 g/m 2 .
  • the breathable fabric 1 is a duplex constmction comprising at least two layers or plies 2, 3 that are bonded to each other.
  • the layers 2, 3 are bonded to each other by means of selected bounding yarns which are part of the ply 3 which faces away from the skin forming dots 5 or lines or else over the entire surface, whereby in one embodiment, the pattern shown in Figure 1 can be formed.
  • the individual microfiber dots 5 are each at a distance of x ⁇ in the weft direction and x 2 in the warp direction from each other as indicated in the Figure 1.
  • the distances x ⁇ and x 2 should be selected in such a way that a water micro droplet on the surface 6 of the layer 2 facing the skin would touch at least one of the dots 5 or lines.
  • the base fabric or layer 2 according to the invention consists fundamentally of a basic woven or knit base fabric, whereby the layers 2, 3 have different individual fiber deniers, i.e., degrees of fineness of the individual fibers, in order to bring about a fineness gradient over the thickness 7 of the fabric 1.
  • the finer denier layer 3 is on the outside, that is to say, on the side 4 facing away from the skin.
  • this layer 3 has individual fiber titers of less than 1.3 dtex, especially less than 1 dtex.
  • the microfiber layer 3 has a highly stmctured surface 10.
  • the fibers used in the layer 3 are microfibers, i.e., a new generation of ultrafine-titer fibers. With these microfiber yarns, one can manufacture very windproof, fine-pored, water- repellant fabrics that have a soft hand but that are good at dissipating water vapor or moisture of a perspiring person. This effect is shown in Figure 2. Perspiration 8 formed on the skin is picked up via the microfiber dots 5 and transported to the outside by the capillary action of the bounding yams of the fabric 3 (wicking effect 9). This wicking effect 9 is necessary for the transport of moisture 8 (perspiration, condensation water) from the inside 6 to the outside 4.
  • the textile fabric 1 can be used in a fire-protection jacket.
  • the textile fabric 1 or insulating lining can be in a composite with other materials.
  • an article can be made comprising:
  • Fritsche "Function" (according to the invention), e.g., 95% Nomex ® , 5% Kevlar ® , mixed with 100% aramid microfiber, square meter weight ranging from 100 to 350 g/m 2 , especially 280 g/m 2 , width ranging from 100 to 200 cm, especially 160 cm; Yarn fineness, warp and weft: Nomex ® in, Paris blue Nm 40/2 for layer 2 of fabric 1 and meta-aramid microfiber natural white Nm 80/2 for layer 3 of fabric 1; and weave type for fabric 1: fabric: special double-face (layer) weave, especially Sonja 0203 pattern.
  • microfiber dot made of microfiber bounding yarn from or of layer 3
  • EXAMPLE A blend of fibers, commercially available from E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A., under the trade name Nomex ® N301, having a cut length of 5 cm and consisting of: 95 wt% of pigmented poly-metaphenylene isophthalamide (meta-aramid),
  • TPM TPM Meter
  • TYl plied and twisted yarn
  • Nm 40/2 or 500 dtex a twist of 500 TPM in S direction.
  • TYl was used as warp yarn and weft yam for the ply or base fabric 2 facing the skin.
  • Nomex ® T 450 having a cut length of 5 cm and consisting of 100% of poly-metaphenylene isophthalamide (meta-aramid), 1.1 dtex staple fibers
  • Y2 had a linear density of Nm 80/1 or 125 dtex and a twist of 1070 Turns Per Meter (TPM) in Z direction and it was subsequently treated with steam to stabilize its tendency to wrinkle. Two Y2 yams were then plied and twisted together. The resulting plied and twisted yam (TY2) had a linear density of Nm 80/2 or 250 dtex and a twist of 750 TPM in S direction. TY2 was used as warp yam and weft yam for the ply 3 facing away from the skin. TY2 were also used as the bounding yams between the two plies as they have the highest capillarity.
  • TPM Turns Per Meter
  • TYl and TY2 were woven into a special double-face weave according to Sonja 0203 pattern as illustrated in Figures 3a-d.
  • This fabric 1 was tested as an innerliner thermal barrier used in a multi layer structure (Garment in Table I) which further comprised (1) an intermediate water barrier layer of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane laminate on a non- woven fabric made of 85 wt-% Nomex ® and 15 wt-% Kevlar ® and having a specific weight of 135 g/m 2 (commercially available under the trade name GORETEX ® Fireblocker N from the company W. L.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • Fabric Failure Factor is defined by 100 times the TPP rating (being the energy in (cal/cm 2 ) measured to simulate a second-degree burn) divided by the fabric weight in g/m 2 .
  • FFF 100 x TPP/ fabric weight.
  • the FFF was 5.3 compared to the prior art or benchmark which is between 5.2 and 6.7.
  • This fabric 1 was also tested according to a water transmission test with a water drop of 60 ml applied with a syringe on the fabric 1. The test consisted of measuring the time for the penetration and absorption. This test was repeated for the ply 2 facing the skin alone without the second ply 3 and the bounding yarns. Results are in Table 2.
  • This fabric 1 was tested according to a water absorption test method. The test consisted of applying a colored water drop of 20 ml on the ply of the fabric facing the skin fabric and measured after 60 seconds the size of the drop on the each layer of the sample. Results are in Tables 3 and 4. TABLE 3
  • This fabric 1 was tested according to the contact heat resistance test in accordance with prEN 702.
  • the threshold time t t (sec) at 100 °C was measured at 19.8 sec and was significantly better than a standard fabric out of Nomex ® N 307 having t t (sec) at 100 °C value of 18.4 sec.
  • the articles of clothing according to the invention can be made up as desired.
  • the fabric according to the invention is, of course, not limited to the use for manufacturing protective clothing, hi particular, the fabric can be used to manufacture leisure clothing, especially to manufacture functional undergarments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à une étoffe multicouche perméable à l'air, et en particulier, mais de façon non limitative, à une étoffe destinée à la confection de vêtements. Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, l'invention a trait à une étoffe permettant de fabriquer des vêtements de travail assurant une protection contre la chaleur, les flammes ou le jaillissement d'étincelles, et analogues. L'invention concerne donc aussi un vêtement de protection contre le feu, dont la couche interne est constituée d'une nouvelle étoffe perméable à l'air et à l'humidité. L'étoffe peut toutefois être utilisée également dans le secteur des loisirs, par exemple pour fabriquer des sous-vêtements fonctionnels.
EP03777848A 2002-10-21 2003-10-21 Etoffe multicouche permeable a l'air Expired - Lifetime EP1555902B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10248999 2002-10-21
DE10248999A DE10248999B3 (de) 2002-10-21 2002-10-21 Mehrschichtiges, atmungsaktives textiles Flächengebilde
PCT/US2003/033701 WO2004037027A1 (fr) 2002-10-21 2003-10-21 Etoffe multicouche permeable a l'air

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1555902A1 true EP1555902A1 (fr) 2005-07-27
EP1555902B1 EP1555902B1 (fr) 2008-02-27

Family

ID=32087062

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03777848A Expired - Lifetime EP1555902B1 (fr) 2002-10-21 2003-10-21 Etoffe multicouche permeable a l'air

Country Status (11)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1555902B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4344697B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101210061B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100405941C (fr)
AU (1) AU2003286641A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR0314494B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2503014C (fr)
DE (2) DE10248999B3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2300629T3 (fr)
MX (1) MXPA05004160A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004037027A1 (fr)

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GB2416781A (en) * 2004-08-04 2006-02-08 Lightex Ltd Breathable fabric
ES2327883B1 (es) * 2006-07-18 2010-09-06 Tejidos Estambril, S.A. Tejido de proteccion termica.
DE102006052695A1 (de) 2006-11-07 2008-05-08 Ofa Bamberg Gmbh Elastischer Faden mit temperaturausgleichenden Materialien enthaltendem Umwindungsfaden
CN101126190B (zh) * 2007-09-25 2011-02-16 山东滨州亚光毛巾有限公司 一种无捻毛巾的生产方法
US7744999B2 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-06-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Crystallized meta-aramid blends for improved flash fire and arc protection
US20100055437A1 (en) * 2008-08-28 2010-03-04 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Anti-microbial fibers and related articles and methods
CN101973148B (zh) * 2010-08-20 2014-02-12 圣欧芳纶（江苏）股份有限公司 一种防电弧织物、制作方法及其应用
CA2830762A1 (fr) * 2011-03-22 2012-09-27 Barrday Inc. Plateforme de tissu multicouche concue pour la protection anti-flamme et la protection thermique
KR101237692B1 (ko) * 2011-05-25 2013-02-26 유건영 이중편직물을 이용한 봉제장갑
CN108368649A (zh) 2015-12-02 2018-08-03 帝人株式会社 布帛和防护制品
CN105350341A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2016-02-24 江南大学 一种隔热织物的生产方法
JP6666129B2 (ja) * 2015-12-11 2020-03-13 帝人株式会社 布帛および繊維製品
KR20230169408A (ko) * 2017-02-27 2023-12-15 데이진 아라미드 게엠베하 텍스타일 패브릭 및 이로 제조된 작업복
US11846047B2 (en) 2018-12-17 2023-12-19 Teijin Limited Cloth and protective product
JP7311314B2 (ja) * 2019-05-30 2023-07-19 帝人株式会社 ２層布帛、および、それを用いた熱防護衣料
CN111764020B (zh) * 2020-05-27 2022-02-18 深圳全棉时代科技有限公司 一种多层纱布提花面料、空调被及织物产品

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US5468537A (en) * 1993-09-30 1995-11-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Protective garments comprising an outer shell fabric of woven aramid fibers which elongate when exposed to a flame
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100405941C (zh) 2008-07-30
DE60319400D1 (de) 2008-04-10
KR20050073566A (ko) 2005-07-14
EP1555902B1 (fr) 2008-02-27
JP2007535415A (ja) 2007-12-06
CN1705445A (zh) 2005-12-07
BR0314494A (pt) 2005-08-02
ES2300629T3 (es) 2008-06-16
WO2004037027A1 (fr) 2004-05-06
KR101210061B1 (ko) 2012-12-07
MXPA05004160A (es) 2005-06-22
JP4344697B2 (ja) 2009-10-14
DE10248999B3 (de) 2004-05-06
DE60319400T2 (de) 2009-03-12
AU2003286641A1 (en) 2004-05-13
CA2503014C (fr) 2011-07-26
CA2503014A1 (fr) 2004-05-06
BR0314494B1 (pt) 2012-12-25

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