EP1550182B1 - Microwave slot-type device and slot-type antennas employing a photonic bandgap structure - Google Patents
Microwave slot-type device and slot-type antennas employing a photonic bandgap structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1550182B1 EP1550182B1 EP03767920A EP03767920A EP1550182B1 EP 1550182 B1 EP1550182 B1 EP 1550182B1 EP 03767920 A EP03767920 A EP 03767920A EP 03767920 A EP03767920 A EP 03767920A EP 1550182 B1 EP1550182 B1 EP 1550182B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slot
- discs
- type
- antenna
- patterns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/2005—Electromagnetic photonic bandgaps [EPB], or photonic bandgaps [PBG]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/2016—Slot line filters; Fin line filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a slot type microwave device made on a metallized substrate.
- the present invention also relates to slit type antennas using such a structure.
- the photonic bandgap structures known by the abbreviation BIP or generally by the term "photonic band gap structure” in the English language are periodic structures that prohibit the propagation of a wave for certain frequency bands. These structures were first used in the optical field, but in recent years their application has spread to other frequency ranges. Thus, they are used in particular in microwave devices such as antennas, filters, guides, etc.
- the use of a photonic band gap structure with a line made using microstrip technology is described in particular in the article "Novel 2-D photonic band gap structure for microstrip lines” published in the IEEE journal “Microwave and guided wave letters - Vol. 8 - No. 2 - February 1998 » XP000730352.
- This article describes a forbidden photonic band structure constituted by discs etched on the face of the substrate opposite to that receiving the microstrip line. This structure makes it possible to produce a filter.
- Other examples are disclosed in WO 01/95434 and in the article of Yeo et al "Design of a Wideband Antenna Package with a compact Spatial Notch Fitter ", p. 492-495, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Symposium 2002 , XP 10591744.
- the BIP structures are obtained mainly by engraving periodic patterns obtained by de-metallization of the ground plane of the structure produced by microstrip technology as described above, or by periodically piercing the substrate comprising the microstrip technology circuits while maintaining the continuity of the ground plane.
- the structures already described in the prior art have great potential, including filtering.
- the present invention therefore aims to propose the application of the production of a novel photonic bandgap structure on a microwave device in the antennas, in particular antennas of the annular slot type or Vivaldi type antennas to realize a filtering or frequency adaptation of said antenna.
- the present invention relates to a microwave device as claimed in claim 1.
- the periodicity between two patterns is equal to k ⁇ g / 2 where ⁇ g is the guided wavelength in the slot at the frequency of the selected forbidden band and k an odd integer.
- the width and depth of the band gap are a function of the surface of the periodic pattern.
- a periodic pattern has the form of a disk, which can be repeated periodically and whose area will determine the width and depth of the bandgap.
- the periodic patterns are different patterns having the same equivalent area, namely for a disc-shaped pattern, the ratio r / a in which r is the radius and the distance between two patterns is identical while along the structure.
- the periodic pattern is produced by etching a metal layer deposited on the face of the substrate opposite to the face receiving the slot.
- the periodic patterns are made at least partially under the slot.
- the present invention also relates to microwave antennas in which a BIP structure is formed to obtain a filtering of certain undesirable frequencies or to obtain several communication bands by opening forbidden bands on the frequency response of a very wide band antenna.
- This type of antenna is particularly interesting in the field of wireless telecommunications.
- the subject of the present invention is therefore a microwave antenna constituted by an annular slot according to claim 5.
- the periodicity of the patterns of the BIP structure is chosen so that the frequency of the forbidden band is equal to one. harmonics of the operating frequency of the annular slot.
- the periodicity of the patterns of the BIP structure is chosen so that the frequency of the forbidden band is greater than the operating frequency of the annular slot.
- the structure is used in its bandwidth, which makes it possible to make the circuits using slots more compact.
- the slot is fed in a line-slot transition by a feed line made in microstrip technology.
- a photonic bandgap structure is formed by de-metallizing the surface of the substrate opposite the surface on which the microstrip line is made.
- the band structure prohibited is performed along at least one of the profiles of the slot forming the antenna type Vivaldi.
- the Vivaldi-type antenna is fed with a line-slot transition via a feed line produced using microstrip technology. It is then possible to increase the number of forbidden bands, either by adding under the microstrip line, a photonic bandgap structure by de-metallizing the surface of the substrate receiving the line, or by arranging two forbidden photonic band sizing. distinct, one on the first profile of the Vivaldi type antenna, corresponding to a first frequency band to be prohibited, and the other on the other profile of the Vivaldi type antenna, corresponding to a second band of frequency to be prohibited.
- the device is a printed circuit provided with a line-slot. More specifically, the device comprises a substrate 1, a face 2 of which has been metallized and in which a line-slot 3 is produced by etching the metal layer 2. As shown in FIG. figure 1 the substrate has a height h, and is made of a known dielectric material.
- the BIP structure is obtained by producing patterns 4 periodically on the face of the substrate 1 opposite the face carrying the metal layer 2.
- the patterns 4 are made by etching a metal layer giving the metal patterns 4.
- the patterns 4 are etched under the line-slot 3.
- the patterns 4 are spaced a distance a which gives the repetition period of the pattern, this distance fixing the center frequency of the bandgap when the patterns are identical.
- the distance "a" is of the order of k ⁇ g / 2 where ⁇ g is the guided wavelength in slot 3 at the central frequency of the chosen forbidden band and k an integer.
- the pattern is of any shape. However, the equivalent area of the pattern determines the width or depth of the band gap.
- the patterns used may be disk-shaped patterns 4a, as shown in FIG. figure 2a , rectangle or square 4b, as shown on the figure 2b , of a shape substantially in H for playing on several parameters such as the dimensions L1, L2 and g, namely a shape with 3 degrees of freedom, as represented by the pattern 4c on the Figure 2c or of annular form 4d, as shown in the figure 2d .
- the dimensions of the pattern in particular its equivalent surface, make it possible to adjust the width or depth of the bandgap.
- a structure according to the present invention can be obtained by using disc-shaped patterns whose radius is variable, in a progressive manner, while maintaining a spacing between disks constant and equal to a.
- the variation can follow a defined mathematical law such as a Hamming, Barlett or Kaiser window type law.
- the spacing between the discs can also be changed gradually.
- the structures described above can be combined, in particular to obtain an enlargement of the band gap.
- the center frequency corresponds to the center of the frequency band defined by the minimum frequency of the BIP structure having the lowest center frequency and the maximum frequency of the BIP structure having the highest center frequency.
- the slit-line was simulated as being excited by two line-slot transitions 12 and 13 at each end of the slot 10.
- the results of the simulation represented on the figure 5a allow to highlight the opening of a forbidden band having a width of about 1 GHz around the frequency 6.5 GHz.
- a BIP structure was realized under a closed slot type antenna, fed by a feed line, more particularly a line of the microstrip line type, according to a line-slot transition using Knorr's known laws.
- annular slot 20 is represented. This slot was made by etching a ground plane on a substrate, not shown. This annular slot 20 is fed by a microstrip line 21, the assembly being dimensioned in known manner for operation at a given frequency F0. In this case, the antenna has resonances at all the odd multiples of the frequency F0.
- a BIP structure formed by disks 22 metallized periodically under the annular slot has been realized.
- This BIP structure 22 is dimensioned so as to filter one of the harmonics obtained in the case of an annular slot antenna of conventional type.
- the periodicity a between two patterns 22 has been calculated so as to have a frequency of the forbidden band corresponding, for example, to the harmonic of order 3.
- a BIP structure of the same type can be used in its bandwidth.
- the BIP structure is dimensioned to present a band gap at a frequency higher than the desired frequency of use.
- the BIP structure is at the origin of an effect called "slow wave”: the phase of the transmission coefficient of a wave along a slot line is modified by the presence of the metal pellets under this line. The speed of propagation of the wave under the slot is then slowed down ("Slow-wave effect"). It is therefore possible to propose a BIP structure in which the equivalent electric length of the slot is modified.
- the presence of the BIP structure makes it possible to reduce the guided wavelength in the slot: ⁇ boy Wut BEEP ⁇ ⁇ boy Wut ⁇ ⁇ 0
- annular slot antenna sized at 2.4 GHz has identical operation in the presence of a BIP structure but at a lower frequency (2 GHz, for example).
- the shape of the patterns 22a and 22b of the BIP structure may be different, for example circular or square.
- the curve 12b if the surface of the pattern 22a and the pattern 22b is equivalent and the spacing a between two patterns is identical, substantially identical phenomena will be obtained, notably the suppression of the harmonic of rank 3 obtained with an annular slot antenna of conventional type, when the BIP structure operates as a filter.
- the use of a BIP structure under a slot-type antenna to suppress the frequency of an odd harmonic may result in the creation of additional harmonics around the double frequency (This is represented by a low-amplitude peak around 4 GHz).
- patterns 23 are created under the supply line 21 made in microstrip technology, by de-metallization of the ground plane below the microstrip line.
- slots are open in the ground plane below the micro-ribbon line.
- a Vivaldi type antenna 31 was made by opening a slot de-metallizing the surface 30, this slot having an outwardly flaring profile.
- This Vivaldi type antenna is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in more detail.
- this antenna is fed by a feed line 34 according to the Knorr principle.
- This supply line 34 is constituted by a microstrip line.
- a BIP structure constituted by a periodic pattern has been etched on the face of the substrate opposite the face receiving the flared slot 31, along at least one of the profiles constituting the Vivaldi type antenna.
- the BIP structure consists of four disks 32 regularly spaced a distance a.
- a BIP structure as represented on the figure 15 allows to create, in a Vivaldi type antenna, frequency bands in which the wave propagation is forbidden. Indeed, the Vivaldi antenna has intrinsic operation at a very wide frequency band, and the use of a BIP structure will create one or more operating subbands.
- a Vivaldi antenna without a BIP structure has a 10 dB bandwidth of 2 GHz between 5.5 and 7.5 GHz.
- the operating band of the Vivaldi type antenna is reduced by adding the BIP structure which prohibits the propagation of waves along the slot, between 5.5 and 7 GHz.
- a BIP structure profile 32a, 32b, as shown in FIG. figure 17a can be used.
- the filtering can be reinforced by supplying the Vivaldi antenna with a power supply line 34 provided with a conventional BIP 33 structure, as described above in the case of an antenna of the type with annular slot.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif micro-onde de type fente réalisée sur un substrat métallisé. La présente invention concerne aussi les antennes de type fente utilisant une telle structure.The present invention relates to a slot type microwave device made on a metallized substrate. The present invention also relates to slit type antennas using such a structure.
Les structures à bandes interdites photoniques connues sous l'abréviation BIP ou de manière générale sous le terme « photonic band gap structure » en langue anglaise, sont des structures périodiques qui interdisent la propagation d'une onde pour certaines bandes de fréquences. Ces structures ont tout d'abord été utilisées dans le domaine optique mais, depuis quelques années, leur application s'est étendue à d'autres gammes de fréquences. Ainsi, on les utilise notamment dans des dispositifs micro-ondes tels que des antennes, des filtres, des guides, etc. L'utilisation d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques avec une ligne réalisée en technologie microruban est décrite notamment dans l'article
Dans le cas de lignes microruban ou d'antennes de type patch, les structures BIP sont obtenues principalement soit en gravant des motifs périodiques obtenus par dé-métallisation du plan de masse de la structure réalisée en technologie microruban comme décrit ci-dessus, soit en perçant périodiquement le substrat comportant les circuits en technologie microbande tout en conservant la continuité du plan de masse. Les structures déjà décrites dans l'art antérieur présentent de grandes possibilités, notamment de filtrages.In the case of microstrip lines or patch type antennas, the BIP structures are obtained mainly by engraving periodic patterns obtained by de-metallization of the ground plane of the structure produced by microstrip technology as described above, or by periodically piercing the substrate comprising the microstrip technology circuits while maintaining the continuity of the ground plane. The structures already described in the prior art have great potential, including filtering.
La présente invention a donc pour but de proposer l'application de la réalisation d'une nouvelle structure à bandes interdites photoniques sur un dispositif micro-ondes dans les antennes, notamment les antennes du type fente annulaire ou des antennes de type Vivaldi pour réaliser un filtrage ou une adaptation en fréquence de ladite antenne.The present invention therefore aims to propose the application of the production of a novel photonic bandgap structure on a microwave device in the antennas, in particular antennas of the annular slot type or Vivaldi type antennas to realize a filtering or frequency adaptation of said antenna.
Ainsi, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif micro-onde tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1.Thus, the present invention relates to a microwave device as claimed in
Selon une caractéristique supplémentaire, la périodicité entre deux motifs est égale à kλg/2 où λg est la longueur d'onde guidée dans la fente à la fréquence de la bande interdite choisie et k un entier impair. D'autre part, la largeur et la profondeur de la bande interdite sont fonction de la surface du motif périodique. Ainsi, un motif périodique a la forme d'un disque, qui pourra être répétée périodiquement et dont la superficie déterminera la largeur et la profondeur de la bande interdite. Conformément à l'invention, les motifs périodiques sont des motifs différents présentant la même surface équivalente, à savoir pour un motif sous forme de disque, le ratio r/a dans lequel r est le rayon et a la distance entre deux motifs est identique tout au long de la structure.According to an additional feature, the periodicity between two patterns is equal to kλg / 2 where λg is the guided wavelength in the slot at the frequency of the selected forbidden band and k an odd integer. On the other hand, the width and depth of the band gap are a function of the surface of the periodic pattern. Thus, a periodic pattern has the form of a disk, which can be repeated periodically and whose area will determine the width and depth of the bandgap. According to the invention, the periodic patterns are different patterns having the same equivalent area, namely for a disc-shaped pattern, the ratio r / a in which r is the radius and the distance between two patterns is identical while along the structure.
Le motif périodique est réalisé par gravure d'une couche métallique déposée sur la face du substrat opposée à la face recevant la fente. Les motifs périodiques sont réalisés au moins en partie sous la fente.The periodic pattern is produced by etching a metal layer deposited on the face of the substrate opposite to the face receiving the slot. The periodic patterns are made at least partially under the slot.
D'autre part, la présente invention concerne aussi des antennes micro-ondes dans lesquelles une structure BIP est formée pour obtenir un filtrage de certaines fréquences indésirables ou pour obtenir plusieurs bandes de communication en ouvrant des bandes interdites sur la réponse en fréquence d'une antenne très large bande. Ce type d'antennes est particulièrement intéressant dans le domaine des télécommunications sans fils.On the other hand, the present invention also relates to microwave antennas in which a BIP structure is formed to obtain a filtering of certain undesirable frequencies or to obtain several communication bands by opening forbidden bands on the frequency response of a very wide band antenna. This type of antenna is particularly interesting in the field of wireless telecommunications.
La présente invention a donc pour objet une antenne micro-onde constituée par une fente annulaire selon la revendication 5. Selon un mode de réalisation, la périodicité des motifs de la structure BIP est choisie pour que la fréquence de la bande interdite soit égale à une des harmoniques de la fréquence de fonctionnement de la fente annulaire.The subject of the present invention is therefore a microwave antenna constituted by an annular slot according to
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la périodicité des motifs de la structure BIP est choisie pour que la fréquence de la bande interdite soit supérieure à la fréquence de fonctionnement de la fente annulaire. Dans ce cas, la structure est utilisée dan sa bande passante, ce qui permet de rendre plus compacte les circuits utilisant des fentes.According to another embodiment, the periodicity of the patterns of the BIP structure is chosen so that the frequency of the forbidden band is greater than the operating frequency of the annular slot. In this case, the structure is used in its bandwidth, which makes it possible to make the circuits using slots more compact.
De préférence, la fente est alimentée selon une transition ligne-fente par une ligne d'alimentation réalisée en technologie microruban.Preferably, the slot is fed in a line-slot transition by a feed line made in microstrip technology.
Selon une caractéristique supplémentaire de l'invention, sous la ligne microruban, est réalisée une structure à bandes interdites photoniques par dé-métallisation de la surface du substrat opposée à la surface sur laquelle est réalisée la ligne microruban.According to a further feature of the invention, under the microstrip line, a photonic bandgap structure is formed by de-metallizing the surface of the substrate opposite the surface on which the microstrip line is made.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, celle-ci s'applique à une antenne fente de type Vivaldi selon la revendication 9. Dans ce cas, la structure à bandes interdites est réalisée le long d'au moins un des profils de la fente formant l'antenne de type Vivaldi.According to yet another characteristic of the present invention, it applies to a Vivaldi slot antenna according to
De préférence, l'antenne de type Vivaldi est alimentée selon une transition ligne-fente par une ligne d'alimentation réalisée en technologie microruban. On a alors la possibilité d'augmenter le nombre de bandes interdites, soit en ajoutant sous la ligne microruban, une structure à bandes interdites photoniques par dé-métallisation de la surface du substrat recevant la ligne, soit en disposant deux dimensionnements à bandes photoniques interdites distincts, l'un sur le premier profil de l'antenne de type Vivaldi, correspondant à une première bande de fréquence à interdire, et l'autre sur l'autre profil de l'antenne de type Vivaldi, correspondant à une seconde bande de fréquence à interdire.Preferably, the Vivaldi-type antenna is fed with a line-slot transition via a feed line produced using microstrip technology. It is then possible to increase the number of forbidden bands, either by adding under the microstrip line, a photonic bandgap structure by de-metallizing the surface of the substrate receiving the line, or by arranging two forbidden photonic band sizing. distinct, one on the first profile of the Vivaldi type antenna, corresponding to a first frequency band to be prohibited, and the other on the other profile of the Vivaldi type antenna, corresponding to a second band of frequency to be prohibited.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description de différents modes de réalisation, cette description étant faite avec référence aux dessins ci-annexés dans lesquels :
-
Figure 1 est une vue en perspective schématique d'un dispositif micro-ondes du type fente muni d'une structure. - Les
figures 2a, 2b, 2c et 2d représentent schématiquement différentes vues en perspective d'un dispositif micro-ondes du type fente muni d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques dans laquelle les motifs ont différentes formes. - Les
figures 3a et 3b représentent des modes de réalisation dans lesquels la surface des motifs suit une loi particulière. - La
figure 4 est une vue schématique d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques utilisée pour tester un mode de réalisation de la présente invention. - Les
figures 5a et 5b sont des courbes comparant les coefficients de réflexion et de transmission d'une transition ligne-fente munie d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques avec une transition ligne-fente classique. - La
figure 6 est une courbe donnant le coefficient de transmission dans le cas d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques constituée de disques comme représenté sur lafigure 4 , montrant l'influence du rayon des disques sur la bande interdite. - La
figure 7 est une courbe donnant les coefficients de transmission et de réflexion dans le cas où la structure à bandes interdites photoniques a été dimensionnée pour réduire la taille de la bande interdite. - La
figure 8 représente schématiquement une antenne du type fente annulaire munie d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques, selon la présente invention. - La
figure 9 représente une courbe donnant le coefficient de réflexion de l'antenne représentée à lafigure 8 , par comparaison avec une antenne fente annulaire de type classique. - La
figure 10 représente les composantes principales de rayonnement de l'antenne dans le cas d'une antenne du type fente annulaire, comparant le cas d'une antenne munie d'une structure à bandes interdites photoniques et d'une antenne de type classique. - Les
figures 11a et 11b représentent différentes formes pour le motif de la structure à bandes interdites photoniques. - La
figure 12 est une courbe donnant le coefficient de réflexion des antennes desfigures 11a et 11b , par comparaison avec une antenne du type fente annulaire classique. - La
figure 13 est une représentation schématique d'une antenne fente annulaire munie d'une structure BIP conforme à la présente invention et alimentée par une ligne d'alimentation de type microruban, munie d'une structure BIP de type classique. - La
figure 14 est une courbe donnant le coefficient de réflexion en fonction de la fréquence pour les différentes antennes du type fente annulaire représentées dans la présente invention. - La
figure 15 est une vue schématique d'une antenne du type Vivaldi munie d'une structure BIP selon un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention. - La
figure 16 est une courbe donnant le coefficient de réflexion en fonction de la fréquence, dans le cas de l'antenne de type Vivaldi représentée à lafigure 15 , par comparaison avec une antenne Vivaldi de type classique, et - Les
figures 17a et 17b sont des représentations schématiques de deux autres modes de réalisation d'une antenne de type Vivaldi, conforme à la présente invention.
-
Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a slot-type microwave device provided with a structure. - The
Figures 2a, 2b, 2c and 2d schematically represent different perspective views of a slot-type microwave device provided with a photonic band gap structure in which the patterns have different shapes. - The
Figures 3a and 3b represent embodiments in which the surface of the patterns follows a particular law. - The
figure 4 is a schematic view of a photonic bandgap structure used to test an embodiment of the present invention. - The
Figures 5a and 5b are curves comparing the reflection and transmission coefficients of a line-slot transition provided with a photonic band gap structure with a classical line-slot transition. - The
figure 6 is a curve giving the transmission coefficient in the case of a photonic bandgap structure consisting of disks as shown in FIG.figure 4 , showing the influence of the radius of the disks on the forbidden band. - The
figure 7 is a curve giving the transmission and reflection coefficients in the case where the photonic bandgap structure has been sized to reduce the size of the forbidden band. - The
figure 8 schematically represents an annular slot antenna provided with a photonic bandgap structure according to the present invention. - The
figure 9 represents a curve giving the reflection coefficient of the antenna represented in FIG.figure 8 , compared with an annular slot antenna of conventional type. - The
figure 10 represents the principal radiation components of the antenna in the case of an annular slot antenna, comparing the case of an antenna provided with a photonic bandgap structure and a conventional type antenna. - The
Figures 11a and 11b represent different shapes for the pattern of the photonic band gap structure. - The
figure 12 is a curve giving the reflection coefficient of the antennasFigures 11a and 11b compared to a conventional annular slot type antenna. - The
figure 13 is a schematic representation of an annular slot antenna provided with a BIP structure according to the present invention and powered by a microstrip-type power supply line, provided with a conventional type BIP structure. - The
figure 14 is a curve giving the reflection coefficient as a function of frequency for the different annular slot type antennas represented in the present invention. - The
figure 15 is a schematic view of a Vivaldi type antenna provided with a BIP structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. - The
figure 16 is a curve giving the reflection coefficient as a function of frequency, in the case of the Vivaldi type antenna represented in FIG.figure 15 compared to a conventional Vivaldi antenna, and - The
Figures 17a and 17b are schematic representations of two other embodiments of a Vivaldi type antenna, according to the present invention.
Pour simplifier la description, dans les figures les mêmes éléments portent les mêmes références.To simplify the description, in the figures the same elements bear the same references.
On décrira tout d'abord avec référence aux
Conformément à la présente invention, le dispositif est un circuit imprimé muni d'une ligne-fente. De manière plus précise, le dispositif comporte un substrat 1, dont une face 2 a été métallisée et dans lequel une ligne-fente 3 est réalisée par gravure de la couche métallique 2. Comme représenté sur la
La structure BIP est obtenue en réalisant des motifs 4 de manière périodique sur la face du substrat 1 opposée à la face portant la couche métallique 2. Les motifs 4 sont réalisés par gravure d'une couche métallique donnant les motifs métalliques 4. De préférence, les motifs 4 sont gravés sous la ligne-fente 3.The BIP structure is obtained by producing
Pour obtenir la structure à bandes interdites photoniques, les motifs 4 sont espacés d'une distance a qui donne la période de répétition du motif, cette distance fixant la fréquence centrale de la bande interdite lorsque les motifs sont identiques. De ce fait, la distance « a » est de l'ordre de kλg/2 où λg est la longueur d'onde guidée dans la fente 3 à la fréquence centrale de la bande interdite choisie et k un entier.In order to obtain the photonic bandgap structure, the
Comme représenté sur la
Comme représenté sur les
D'autre part, comme représenté sur les
De plus, les structures décrites ci-dessus peuvent être combinées, en particulier pour obtenir un élargissement de la bande interdite. Ainsi, il est possible de mettre en cascade deux structures du type représenté à la
On décrira maintenant, plus particulièrement avec référence aux
Comme représenté sur la
La ligne-fente a été simulée comme étant excitée par deux transitions ligne-fente 12 et 13, à chaque extrémité de la fente 10. La ligne-fente a été dimensionnée en utilisant les lois établies par Knorr et dans le cas de la présente invention, on a pris comme dimensions a = 18.9 mm, r = 2.4 mm et n = 9. Les résultats de la simulation représentés sur la
En partant de la même structure, on a simulé des disques ayant des rayons différents et l'on a obtenu les résultats représentés sur la
Sur la
Basé sur les différents résultats de simulation, il est donc possible de déterminer le dimensionnement d'une structure BIP constituée par des disques métalliques susceptibles d'avoir une bande photonique interdite centrée sur une fréquence souhaitée. Ainsi, soit a la période de répétition du motif BIP et λbi la longueur d'onde correspondant à la fréquence centrale de la bande interdite souhaitée, la période peut être obtenue en utilisant l'équation suivante :
On s'aperçoit ensuite que le rayon r des disques influence la largeur et la profondeur du coefficient de transmission de la bande interdite. Une bande interdite significative (S21 de l'ordre de -20dB) est obtenue pour une valeur telle que 0.15 < r/a < 0.25.It is then seen that the radius r of the disks influences the width and the depth of the transmission coefficient of the band gap. A significant band gap (S21 of the order of -20dB) is obtained for a value such that 0.15 <r / a <0.25.
Cela a été démontré dans les figures données ci-dessus.This has been demonstrated in the figures given above.
On décrira maintenant avec référence aux
Ainsi, dans le cas des
Sur la
Conformément à la présente invention, on a réalisé une structure BIP formée par des disques 22 métallisés périodiquement sous la fente annulaire. Cette structure BIP 22 est dimensionnée de manière à filtrer une des harmoniques obtenues dans le cas d'une antenne-fente annulaire de type classique.According to the present invention, a BIP structure formed by
Ainsi, la périodicité a entre deux motifs 22 a été calculée de manière à avoir une fréquence de la bande interdite correspondant, par exemple, à l'harmonique d'ordre 3. A titre d'exemple, pour un fonctionnement à F0 = 2.4 GHz, le rayon de la fente annulaire 20 est R = 5.4 mm et la longueur de la ligne microruban 21 est de 20 mm.Thus, the periodicity a between two
Comme représenté sur la
2.4 GHz
2.05 GHz
2.4 GHz
2.05 GHz
Selon une variante de l'invention, une structure BIP de même type peut être utilisée dans sa bande passante. Dans ce cas, la structure BIP est dimensionnée pour présenter une bande interdite à une fréquence plus élevée que la fréquence d'utilisation souhaitée. Dans sa bande passante, la structure BIP est à l'origine d'un effet appelé « slow wave » : la phase du coefficient de transmission d'une onde le long d'une ligne fente est modifiée par la présence des pastilles métalliques sous cette ligne. La vitesse de propagation de l'onde sous la fente est alors ralentie (« Slow-wave effect »). Il est donc possible de proposer une structure BIP dans laquelle la longueur électrique équivalente de la fente est modifiée. Autrement dit, la présence de la structure BIP permet de réduire la longueur d'onde guidée dans la fente :
Avec (λ g ) BIP , la longueur d'onde guidée dans la fente en présence de la structure BIP, λ g la longueur d'onde guidée dans la fente et λ 0 , la longueur d'onde guidée dans le vide.With (λ g ) BIP , the guided wavelength in the slot in the presence of the BIP structure, λ g the wavelength guided in the slot and λ 0 , the guided wavelength in the vacuum.
Ainsi, une antenne fente annulaire dimensionnée à 2,4 GHz présente un fonctionnement identique en présence d'une structure BIP mais à une fréquence plus basse (2 GHz, par exemple).Thus, an annular slot antenna sized at 2.4 GHz has identical operation in the presence of a BIP structure but at a lower frequency (2 GHz, for example).
Comme représenté sur les
Comme représenté sur les courbes de la
Pour supprimer ce type d'harmonique, une structure BIP classique, comme décrit dans l'article mentionné dans l'introduction, peut être utilisée. Dans ce cas, des motifs 23 sont créés sous la ligne d'alimentation 21 réalisée en technologie microruban, par dé-métallisation du plan de masse se trouvant en dessous de la ligne microruban.To remove this type of harmonic, a classical BIP structure, as described in the article mentioned in the introduction, may to be used. In this case,
Dans ce cas, des fentes sont ouvertes dans le plan de masse sous la ligne micro-ruban.In this case, slots are open in the ground plane below the micro-ribbon line.
Les résultats obtenus avec une telle structure sont donnés par la courbe de la
On décrira maintenant un autre mode d'utilisation d'une structure BIP dans le cas d'une antenne fente de type Vivaldi. La description sera faite avec référence aux
Comme représenté sur la
Conformément à l'invention, une structure BIP constituée par un motif périodique a été gravée sur la face du substrat opposée à la face recevant la fente évasée 31, le long d'au moins un des profils constituant l'antenne de type Vivaldi. Comme représenté sur la
L'utilisation d'une structure BIP telle que représentée sur la
Il est évident pour l'homme de l'art que les modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus ont été donnés à titre d'exemples et que le dispositif micro-onde conforme à la présente invention, peut être utilisé dans d'autres types d'antennes de type fente.It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments described above have been given as examples and that the microwave device according to the present invention can be used in other types of applications. slot type antennas.
Claims (11)
- Slot type microwave device comprising a filtering structure, the device being constituted by a substrate (1) covered by a metal layer (2) wherein a slot (3, 10) is realized, characterized in that the filtering structure is constituted by at least a photonic bandgap structure formed of periodic metal patterns (4) constituted by discs (4a, 11) realized on the opposite side of the substrate, from that receiving the slot, the discs presenting a ratio r/a wherein r is the radius of the discs and "a" the distance between two discs, identical along the structure.
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the periodicity between two patterns is equal to kλg/2 where λg is the wavelength of the wave guided in the slot at the chosen bandgap frequency and k is an integer.
- Device according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises at least two cascading photonic bandgap structures.
- Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the ratios r/a of both structures are different from one structure to the other.
- Annular slot type microwave antenna constituted by an annular slot (20) realized in a ground plane deposited on a substrate, characterized in that it comprises, deposited on the opposite side of the substrate from that receiving the annular slot, at least partly beneath the annular slot, a photonic bandgap structure formed of periodic metal patterns constituted of discs (22), the discs presenting a ratio r/a wherein r is the radius of the discs and "a" the distance between two discs, identical along the structure.
- Microwave antenna according to Claim 5, characterized in that the periodicity of the patterns of the photonic bandgap structure is chosen so that the bandgap frequency is equal to one of the harmonics of the operating frequency of the closed slot.
- Microwave antenna according to Claim 5, characterized in that the periodicity of the patterns of the photonic bandgap structure is chosen so that the bandgap frequency is greater than the operating frequency of the closed slot.
- Antenna according to any one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the annular slot (20) is fed through a slot-line transition via a feed line (21) produced in microstrip technology.
- Vivaldi type microwave antenna constituted by a slot (31) with a profile flaring from the feed point to the exterior comprising, deposited on the opposite side of the substrate from that receiving the slot, a photonic bandgap structure formed of periodic metal patterns (32), characterized in that the metal patterns are discs (32), the discs presenting a ratio r/a wherein r is the radius of each disc and "a" the distance between the discs, identical along the structure.
- Antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that the discs (32) are realized beneath and along at least one of the profiles of the slot.
- Antenna according to claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the Vivaldi type antenna is fed at a slot-line transition via a feed line (34) produced in microstrip technology.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0212656A FR2845828B1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2002-10-11 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A PHOTONIC PROHIBITED BAND STRUCTURE (BIP) ON A MICROWAVE DEVICE AND SLIT-TYPE ANTENNAS USING SUCH A STRUCTURE |
FR0212656 | 2002-10-11 | ||
PCT/FR2003/050080 WO2004034502A2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-03 | Slot-type antennas employing a photonic bandgap structure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1550182A2 EP1550182A2 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
EP1550182B1 true EP1550182B1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
Family
ID=32039644
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03767920A Expired - Lifetime EP1550182B1 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2003-10-03 | Microwave slot-type device and slot-type antennas employing a photonic bandgap structure |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7355554B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1550182B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4200134B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101144681B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1703805B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003292351A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0315095B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60334130D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2845828B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MXPA05003836A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004034502A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2864864B1 (en) * | 2004-01-07 | 2006-03-17 | Thomson Licensing Sa | MICROWAVE DEVICE OF THE LINE-SLIT TYPE WITH A PHOTONIC PROHIBITED BAND STRUCTURE |
ES2265243B1 (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2008-01-01 | Universidad Publica De Navarra | PERIODIC STRUCTURES OF COHERENT RADIATION OF ANTENNAS AGRUPATIONS. |
CN100588030C (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2010-02-03 | 同济大学 | Photon crystal microstrip line having microstrip line closed loop |
CN100463289C (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-02-18 | 厦门大学 | Plane helical microstrip antenna for 3G system mobile terminal |
FR2903235B1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-02-13 | Thomson Licensing Sas | IMPROVEMENT TO SLOT-TYPE LONGITUDINAL RADIATION ANTENNAS |
US20090021327A1 (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | Lacomb Julie Anne | Electrical filter system using multi-stage photonic bandgap resonator |
CN101364662B (en) * | 2007-08-09 | 2013-01-16 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Multiband antenna using photonic band gap material |
KR101375660B1 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2014-03-19 | 삼성전자주식회사 | A resonator, bandpass filter and manufacturing method of resonator using overlay electromagnetic bandgap structure |
US8279025B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2012-10-02 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Slow-wave coaxial transmission line having metal shield strips and dielectric strips with minimum dimensions |
CN102324903B (en) * | 2011-06-10 | 2014-08-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photonic band gap structure and three-dimensional microwave band implementation method thereof |
US9241400B2 (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-01-19 | Seagate Technology Llc | Windowed reference planes for embedded conductors |
WO2018109136A1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Arralis Holdings Limited | Tuneable waveguide transition |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5081466A (en) * | 1990-05-04 | 1992-01-14 | Motorola, Inc. | Tapered notch antenna |
US5519408A (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1996-05-21 | Us Air Force | Tapered notch antenna using coplanar waveguide |
US5748152A (en) * | 1994-12-27 | 1998-05-05 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Broad band parallel plate antenna |
US6219002B1 (en) * | 1998-02-28 | 2001-04-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Planar antenna |
US6518930B2 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2003-02-11 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Low-profile cavity-backed slot antenna using a uniplanar compact photonic band-gap substrate |
WO2001095434A1 (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2001-12-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Low-profile cavity-backed slot antenna using a uniplanar compact photonic band-gap substrate |
CN1156063C (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2004-06-30 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | Photonic crystal microcavity structure |
US7071889B2 (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2006-07-04 | Actiontec Electronics, Inc. | Low frequency enhanced frequency selective surface technology and applications |
-
2002
- 2002-10-11 FR FR0212656A patent/FR2845828B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-03 CN CN2003801012504A patent/CN1703805B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-03 AU AU2003292351A patent/AU2003292351A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-03 KR KR1020057006140A patent/KR101144681B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-03 EP EP03767920A patent/EP1550182B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-03 WO PCT/FR2003/050080 patent/WO2004034502A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-10-03 US US10/530,336 patent/US7355554B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-03 MX MXPA05003836A patent/MXPA05003836A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-10-03 JP JP2004542592A patent/JP4200134B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-03 BR BRPI0315095A patent/BRPI0315095B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-03 DE DE60334130T patent/DE60334130D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
JUNHO YEO ET AL: "Design of a wideband antenna package with a compact spatial notch filter for wireless applications", IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM. 2002 DIGEST. APS. SAN ANTONIO, TX, JUNE 16 - 21, 2002; [IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM], NEW YORK, NY : IEEE, US, vol. 2, 16 June 2002 (2002-06-16), pages 492 - 495, XP010591744, ISBN: 978-0-7803-7330-3 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2845828B1 (en) | 2008-08-22 |
JP4200134B2 (en) | 2008-12-24 |
US20070097005A1 (en) | 2007-05-03 |
AU2003292351A8 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
DE60334130D1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
BRPI0315095B1 (en) | 2017-02-21 |
FR2845828A1 (en) | 2004-04-16 |
MXPA05003836A (en) | 2005-06-22 |
KR101144681B1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
CN1703805A (en) | 2005-11-30 |
WO2004034502A3 (en) | 2004-07-08 |
WO2004034502A2 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
CN1703805B (en) | 2011-11-23 |
AU2003292351A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
EP1550182A2 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
JP2006502640A (en) | 2006-01-19 |
US7355554B2 (en) | 2008-04-08 |
BR0315095A (en) | 2005-08-09 |
KR20050050667A (en) | 2005-05-31 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2808946B1 (en) | Device for disrupting a propagation of electromagnetic waves and method for manufacturing same | |
EP1550182B1 (en) | Microwave slot-type device and slot-type antennas employing a photonic bandgap structure | |
EP2571098B1 (en) | Reconfigurable radiating phase-shifter cell based on resonances, slots and complementary microstrips | |
EP0575211A1 (en) | Radiating element of an antenna with wide bandwidth and antenna array comprising such elements | |
FR3070224A1 (en) | PLATED ANTENNA HAVING TWO DIFFERENT RADIATION MODES WITH TWO SEGREGATED WORK FREQUENCIES, DEVICE USING SUCH ANTENNA | |
FR2843832A1 (en) | Wideband dielectric resonator antenna, for wireless LAN, positions resonator at distance from zero to half wavelength in the resonator dielectric from one edge of earth plane of substrate on which it is mounted | |
WO2008065311A2 (en) | Multi-sector antenna | |
EP3179557B1 (en) | Multi-band elementary radiating cell | |
EP3540853B1 (en) | Antenna with broadband transmitter network | |
EP1564842B1 (en) | Ultrawideband antenna | |
EP2643886B1 (en) | Planar antenna having a widened bandwidth | |
EP1430566B1 (en) | Broadband or multiband antenna | |
EP0661773A1 (en) | Conically shaped microstrip patch antenna prepared on a planar substrate and method of its manufacturing | |
FR2814285A1 (en) | VARIABLE STEP HELICOID ANTENNA, AND CORRESPONDING METHOD | |
FR3029368A1 (en) | FILTERING DEVICE AND FILTERING ASSEMBLY WITH STRUCTURE OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTIVE BANDS | |
FR2861222A1 (en) | Dual-band planar antenna for use in wireless mobile network, has outer and inner annular slots supplied by two common supply line that cuts across slots in directions of respective protrusions | |
FR2552273A1 (en) | Omnidirectional microwave antenna | |
EP1719201B1 (en) | Slot-line-type microwave device with a photonic band gap structure | |
FR2888408A1 (en) | DIELECTRIC LENS | |
FR3060864B1 (en) | SLOW WAVE TRANSMISSION LINE IN MEANDRES | |
EP4203185B1 (en) | Improved wideband wire antenna | |
WO2018011294A1 (en) | Controllable multifunctional frequency selective surface | |
EP1825565B1 (en) | Optimisation of forbidden photon band antennae | |
WO2005050773A1 (en) | Method of producing a photonic bandgap structure | |
FR2890242A1 (en) | Electronic equipment e.g. radar antenna, protecting device e.g. radome, has slots short circuited by arc produced by incident wave for forming continuous surface when antenna receives high power microwave frequency radiations |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20050408 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: THOMSON LICENSING |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: MAHDJOUBI, KOUROCH Inventor name: LE BOLZER, FRANCOISE Inventor name: TAROT, ANNE-CLAUDE Inventor name: BOISBOUVIER, NICOLAS Inventor name: LOUZIR, ALI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20051007 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: THOMSON LICENSING |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: MICROWAVE SLOT-TYPE DEVICE AND SLOT-TYPE ANTENNAS EMPLOYING A PHOTONIC BANDGAP STRUCTURE |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60334130 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20101021 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20110609 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 60334130 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20110609 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20151026 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20151026 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20161003 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161003 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 60334130 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: HOFSTETTER, SCHURACK & PARTNER PATENT- UND REC, DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161003 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20181009 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20181030 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60334130 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200501 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20191031 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230527 |