EP1548281A2 - Kolbenverdichter - Google Patents

Kolbenverdichter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1548281A2
EP1548281A2 EP04028621A EP04028621A EP1548281A2 EP 1548281 A2 EP1548281 A2 EP 1548281A2 EP 04028621 A EP04028621 A EP 04028621A EP 04028621 A EP04028621 A EP 04028621A EP 1548281 A2 EP1548281 A2 EP 1548281A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drive shaft
compression chamber
residual gas
piston
type compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04028621A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1548281A3 (de
Inventor
Yoshinori K. K. Toyota Jidoshokki Inoue
Hisato K. K. Toyota Jidoshokki Kawamura
Shigeki K. K. Toyota Jidoshokki Kawachi
Masanori K. K. Toyota Jidoshokki Masuda
Junichi K. K. Toyota Jidoshokki Takahata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyota Industries Corp
Original Assignee
Toyota Industries Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Industries Corp filed Critical Toyota Industries Corp
Publication of EP1548281A2 publication Critical patent/EP1548281A2/de
Publication of EP1548281A3 publication Critical patent/EP1548281A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/122—Cylinder block
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/0804—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
    • F04B27/0821—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block component parts, details, e.g. valves, sealings, lubrication
    • F04B27/0834—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block component parts, details, e.g. valves, sealings, lubrication cylinder barrel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
    • F04B39/123—Fluid connections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston type compressor that is, for example, used for a vehicle air conditioner.
  • a piston type compressor is disclosed on pages 3 and 4, and FIG. 1 of Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 10-47241.
  • a cylinder block forms therein a plurality of cylinder bores that surround a drive shaft.
  • Each cylinder bore accommodates therein a piston and defines therein a compression chamber by the piston and a valve port assembly.
  • the valve port assembly is provided with suction ports, suction valves made of flapper valves, discharge ports, and discharge valves made of flapper valves.
  • the piston at a top dead center is spaced at a clearance from the valve port assembly such that the piston at the top dead center does not collide with the valve port assembly. Additionally, the discharge ports, which are formed in the valve port assembly, are constantly in communication with the corresponding compression chambers. That is, even if the piston is positioned at the top dead center, the compression chamber still has its slight volume.
  • a piston type compressor has a housing, a drive shaft, a valve port assembly and a piston.
  • the housing includes a cylinder block that forms a plurality of cylinder bores and an accommodating hole at a center of the cylinder block.
  • the valve port assembly is connected to the cylinder block.
  • the valve port assembly includes suction ports, suction valves made of flapper valves, discharge ports, and discharge valves made of flapper valves.
  • the drive shaft is rotatably supported by the housing. An end portion of the drive shaft is slidably accommodated in the accommodating hole.
  • the piston is accommodated in each of the cylinder bores.
  • the piston and the valve port assembly form a compression chamber.
  • the cylinder block forms therein communication holes that connect each of the compression chambers to the end portion of the drive shaft.
  • the end portion of the drive shaft forms therein a residual gas bypass passage.
  • the residual gas bypass passage connects one communication hole, which communicates with the compression chamber on a high-pressure side that has finished discharge process of gas, to another communication hole, which communicates with the compression chamber that is lower in pressure than the high-pressure side compression chamber.
  • variable displacement piston type compressor 10 which is a part of a refrigerant circuit of a vehicle air conditioner, according to the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 3.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor 10.
  • the front side and the rear side of the compressor 10 correspond to the left side and the right side of FIG.1, respectively.
  • the housing of the compressor 10 includes a cylinder block 11, a front housing 12 fixedly connected to the front end of the cylinder block 11, and a rear housing 14 fixedly connected to the rear end of the cylinder block 11.
  • the compressor 10 also includes a valve port assembly 13, which is interposed between the cylinder block 11 and the rear housing 14.
  • the valve port assembly 13 is formed by layering a suction valve plate 13a, a valve port plate 13b, a discharge valve plate 13c and a retainer plate 13d, in this order from the side of the cylinder block 11.
  • the housing forms therein a crank chamber 16 between the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 12.
  • a drive shaft 17 is rotatably supported between the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 12 so as to extend through the crank chamber 16.
  • the drive shaft 17 is supported by the front housing 12 through a radial bearing 18at its front-end portion.
  • the supporting structure of the other end (a rear end portion 38) of the drive shaft 17 will be described later.
  • the drive shaft 17 is driven by a vehicle engine (not shown).
  • a lug plate 22 is secured to the drive shaft 17 so as to rotate integrally therewith.
  • a thrust bearing 19 is interposed between the inner wall surface of the front housing 12 and the lug plate 22.
  • the crank chamber 16 accommodates therein a swash plate 23, which is slidably and inclinably supported by the drive shaft 17.
  • a hinge mechanism 24 is interposed between the lug plate 22 and the swash plate 23.
  • the swash plate 23 is connected to the lug plate 22 through the hinge mechanism 24 and supported by the drive shaft 17 thereby synchronously rotate with the lug plate 22 and the drive shaft 17, while it is inclinable to the drive shaft 17 with a slide movement in the direction along the axis L of the drive shaft 17.
  • the cylinder block 11 forms therein a plurality (six in the first preferred embodiment, two of which are shown in FIG. 1) of cylinder bores 25, which are located at equiangular positions to surround the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17.
  • Each cylinder bore 25 accommodates therein a single-headed piston 26 so as to reciprocate.
  • the front and rear openings of the cylinder bore 25 are respectively closed by the front end surface of the valve port assembly 13 (strictly, the suction valve plate 13a) and the top end surface of the piston 26, thereby forming a compression chamber 27 between the piston 26 and the valve port assembly 13 (strictly, the suction valve plate 13a).
  • the piston 26 engages the outer periphery of the swash plate 23 through a pair of shoes 28.
  • the swash plate 23 rotates with the rotation of the drive shaft 17, the swash plate 23 is oscillated frontward and rearward in the direction of the axis L of the drive shaft 17.
  • the oscillation of the swash plate 23 reciprocates the piston 26 frontward and rearward along the axis L.
  • the housing forms therein a suction chamber 29 and a discharge chamber 30 between the valve port assembly 13 and the rear housing 14.
  • the valve port assembly 13 forms therein suction ports 31 in the valve port plate 13b and suction valves 32 made of flapper valves in the suction valve plate 13a between the suction chamber 29 and the compression chambers 27.
  • the valve port assembly 13 forms therein discharge ports 33 in the valve port plate 13b and discharge valves 34 made of flapper valves in the discharge valve plate 13c between the discharge chamber 30 and the compression chambers 27.
  • the retainer plate 13d is formed to regulate the maximum opening degree of the discharge valves 34.
  • Refrigerant gas in the suction chamber 29 is introduced into the compression chamber 27 through the suction port 31 as the piston 26 moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center to decrease the pressure in the compression chamber 27 and open the suction valve 32.
  • the refrigerant gas introduced in the compression chamber 27 is compressed up to a predetermined pressure value as the piston 26 moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. After that the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged to the discharge chamber 30 through the discharge port 33 by the opening of the discharge valve 34. Compression reactive force applied to the pistons 26 is received by the thrust bearing 19 through the swash plate 23, the hinge mechanism 24 and the lug plate 22.
  • the housing of the compressor 10 includes a bleed passage 35, a supply passage 36 and a control valve 37.
  • the bleed passage 35 connects the crank chamber 16 to the suction chamber 29.
  • the supply passage 36 connects the discharge chamber 30 to the crank chamber 16.
  • the control valve 37 is located in the supply passage 36. The regulation of the opening degree of the control valve 37 controls the balance between the amount of high-pressure discharged gas into the crank chamber 16 through the supply passage 36 and the amount of gas from the crank chamber 16 through the bleed passage 35 thereby determining the pressure in the crank chamber 16.
  • the cylinder block 11 forms therein an accommodating hole 39 that extends through the central portion of the cylinder block 11 so as to be surrounded by a plurality of the cylinder bores 25.
  • the accommodating hole 39 partially accommodates therein the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 so as to be slidable.
  • the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 is rotatably supported by the cylinder block 11 such that an outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 directly slides on an inner peripheral surface 39a of the accommodating hole 39. That is, the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 and the inner peripheral surface 39a of the accommodating hole 39 cooperatively function as a plain bearing surface for supporting the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 to receive radial road.
  • outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 is treated with coating for improving a slide-contact with the inner peripheral surface 39a of the accommodating hole 39.
  • a sliding member 21 and a coil spring 20 are interposed between an end surface 38b of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 and the front end surface of the valve port assembly 13 (strictly, the suction valve plate 13a).
  • the sliding member 21 slidably contacts with the end surface 38b of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 13.
  • the coil spring 20 is interposed between the sliding member 21 and the valve port assembly 13 and urges the sliding member 21 toward the drive shaft 17. Accordingly, for example, even if compression reactive force is not generated during stop of the compressor 10, the coil spring 20 urges the drive shaft 17, that is, the lug plate 22, toward the thrust bearing 19.
  • the coil spring 20 prevents the drive shaft 17, the lug plate 22, the swash plate 23, and the like from rattling forward and rearward in the direction of the axis L by the effect of vehicle vibration and the like.
  • end surface 38b of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 and the sliding member 21 are treated with coating for improving a slide-contact therebetween.
  • the cylinder block 11 forms therein communication holes 40 that connect the compression chambers 27 to the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17.
  • These plural communication holes 40 (six in the first preferred embodiment) are radially formed in the cylinder block 11 about the axis L of the drive shaft 17.
  • One end of each communication hole 40 is opened at the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder bore 25 near the valve port assembly 13, which is an opening 40a. Accordingly, even if the piston 26 is positioned either at the top dead center or at the bottom dead center, each communication hole 40 is in communication with the corresponding compression chamber 27.
  • the other end of each communication hole 40 is opened at the inner peripheral surface 39a of the accommodating hole 39 so as to face the outer peripheral surface 48a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17, which is an opening 40b.
  • FIG. 3 is a linearly expanded plan view illustrating the rotational motion of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 while the rotation of a certain point on the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 around the axis L is converted to leftward movement according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 forms therein a residual gas bypass groove or a residual gas bypass passage 41.
  • the residual gas bypass groove 41 includes a high-pressure side groove 41a, which extends in the direction along the axis L of the drive shaft 17 (or the vertical direction in FIG.
  • a low-pressure side groove 41b which extends in the direction along the axis L
  • a connecting groove 41c which extends in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 17 (or the horizontal direction in FIG. 3) to connect the front end portion of the groove 41a to the front end portion of the groove 41b.
  • the high-pressure side groove 41a is located on the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 to face the compression chamber 27A in which the piston 26 is positioned at the top dead center, that is, the opening 40b of the communication hole 40A that communicates with the high-pressure side compression chamber 27A that has just finished. discharge process.
  • the low-pressure side groove 41b is located on the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 to face the compression chamber 27B in which the piston 26 is positioned at he bottom dead center, that is, the opening 40B that communicates with the low-pressure side compression chamber 27B that has just finished suction cycle.
  • the connecting groove 41c is located on the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 so as not to face the opening 40b of the communication hole 40.
  • refrigerant gas residual gas
  • residual gas bypass groove 41 the high-pressure side groove 41a, the connecting groove 41c and the low-pressure groove 41b
  • connecting hole 40B connecting hole 40B
  • the residual gas bypass passage is formed by a groove (the residual gas bypass groove 41), which is formed in the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17.
  • the hole 51 in the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 forms therein a hole 51 that extends radially (in the direction that intersects with the axis L), and the hole 51 may be used as a residual gas bypass passage.
  • a first opening 51a of the hole 51 is located on the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 to face the opening 40b of the communication hole 40A that communicates with the compression chamber 27A in which the piston 26 is positioned at the top dead center.
  • a second opening 51b of the hole 51 is located on the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17 to face the opening 40b of the communication hole 40B that communicates with the compression chamber 27B in which the piston 26 is positioned at the bottom dead center.
  • the same advantageous effect mentioned in paragraph (4) in the first preferred embodiment is obtained.
  • the residual gas bypass passage is formed by the hole 51 that radially extends through the drive shaft 17.
  • manufacturing of holes is easier than manufacturing of grooves, and, according to the second preferred embodiment, the drive shaft 17 is easily manufactured to form the residual gas bypass passage.
  • the residual gas bypass passage is wholly formed only by the hole 51, so that the residual gas bypass passage is further easily manufactured.
  • the residual gas bypass passage is wholly formed by a groove (the residual gas bypass groove 41).
  • the residual gas bypass passage is wholly formed by the hole 51.
  • the residual gas bypass passage partially includes grooves 41A, 41B that are formed in the outer peripheral surface 38a of the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17, and the remainder of the residual gas bypass passage is formed by a hole 51A that radially extends through the rear end portion 38 of the drive shaft 17.
  • the residual gas bypass passage is formed to connect the compression chamber 27A, in which the piston 26 is positioned at the top dead center, to the compression chamber 27B, in which the piston 26 is positioned at the bottom dead center.
  • the residual gas bypass passage is formed to connect the compression chamber 27A, in which the piston 26 is positioned at the top dead center, to the compression chamber 27, in which the piston 26 is on the way from the top dead center to the bottom dead center (during the suction process), or to the compression chamber 27, in which the piston 26 is on the way from the bottom dead center to the top dead center (during the discharge process).
  • the compressor 10 includes the even-numbered cylinder bores 25.
  • the present invention is applied to a compressor that includes the odd-numbered cylinder bores 25.
  • the residual gas bypass passage connects the compression chamber 27, in which the piston 26 is positioned at the top dead center, to the compression chamber 27, in which the piston 26 is positioned at the bottom dead center.
  • the high-pressure side compression chamber 27A which is to supply residual gas, may employ a compression chamber, in which the piston 26 is positioned slightly offset forward or rearward to the top dead center.
  • the present invention is applied to a fixed displacement piston type compressor.
  • the present invention is applied to a double-headed piston type compressor.
  • the present invention may be applied to both a set of front cylinder bores and a set of rear cylinder bores, or may be applied to one of the set of front cylinder bores and the set of rear cylinder bores.
  • the present invention is applied to a Wobble plate piston type compressor.
  • a housing in a piston type compressor, includes a cylinder block that forms plural cylinder bores and an accommodating hole at a center thereof.
  • the valve port assembly connected to the cylinder block includes suction and discharge ports, suction and discharge valves made of flapper valves.
  • An end portion of the drive shaft rotatably supported by the housing is slidably accommodated in the accommodating hole.
  • the piston in each cylinder bore and the valve port assembly form a compression chamber.
  • the cylinder block forms therein communication holes that connect each compression chamber to the end portion that forms therein a residual gas bypass passage.
  • the residual gas bypass passage connects one communication hole, which communicates with the high-pressure side compression chamber that has finished discharge process of gas, to another communication hole, which communicates with the compression chamber that is lower in pressure than the high-pressure side compression chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
EP04028621A 2003-12-04 2004-12-02 Kolbenverdichter Withdrawn EP1548281A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003406053 2003-12-04
JP2003406053A JP2005163714A (ja) 2003-12-04 2003-12-04 ピストン式圧縮機

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1548281A2 true EP1548281A2 (de) 2005-06-29
EP1548281A3 EP1548281A3 (de) 2005-09-28

Family

ID=34544887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04028621A Withdrawn EP1548281A3 (de) 2003-12-04 2004-12-02 Kolbenverdichter

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US20050158182A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1548281A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2005163714A (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008031857A (ja) 2006-07-26 2008-02-14 Calsonic Kansei Corp 圧縮機
JP5240311B2 (ja) * 2011-03-15 2013-07-17 株式会社豊田自動織機 ピストン式圧縮機のシリンダブロックおよびピストン式圧縮機のシリンダブロック加工方法
JP5812019B2 (ja) * 2013-01-31 2015-11-11 株式会社豊田自動織機 ピストン型可変容量圧縮機
JP6477441B2 (ja) * 2015-11-20 2019-03-06 株式会社豊田自動織機 可変容量型斜板式圧縮機
JP7056615B2 (ja) * 2018-03-30 2022-04-19 株式会社豊田自動織機 ピストン式圧縮機
CN110410296A (zh) * 2019-08-14 2019-11-05 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 压缩机及具有其的制冷设备
CN112392719B (zh) * 2020-11-20 2022-04-19 四川省机械技术服务中心有限责任公司 一种高效紧凑的柱塞泵柱塞装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05231308A (ja) * 1992-02-20 1993-09-07 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd ピストン型圧縮機におけるシール構造
US5380165A (en) * 1992-10-02 1995-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Reciprocating-piston type refrigerant compressor with an improved rotary-type suction-valve mechanism
US5380168A (en) * 1993-01-25 1995-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Axial multi-piston compressor having rotary valve for allowing residual part of compressed fluid to escape
US5385450A (en) * 1992-10-02 1995-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Reciprocating-piston type refrigerant compressor with an improved rotary-type suction-valve mechanism
US5562425A (en) * 1994-08-16 1996-10-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Gas suction structure in piston type compressor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05231308A (ja) * 1992-02-20 1993-09-07 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd ピストン型圧縮機におけるシール構造
US5380165A (en) * 1992-10-02 1995-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Reciprocating-piston type refrigerant compressor with an improved rotary-type suction-valve mechanism
US5385450A (en) * 1992-10-02 1995-01-31 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Reciprocating-piston type refrigerant compressor with an improved rotary-type suction-valve mechanism
US5380168A (en) * 1993-01-25 1995-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Axial multi-piston compressor having rotary valve for allowing residual part of compressed fluid to escape
US5562425A (en) * 1994-08-16 1996-10-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho Gas suction structure in piston type compressor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 017, no. 686 (M-1529), 15 December 1993 (1993-12-15) & JP 05 231308 A (TOYOTA AUTOM LOOM WORKS LTD), 7 September 1993 (1993-09-07) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2005163714A (ja) 2005-06-23
EP1548281A3 (de) 2005-09-28
US20050158182A1 (en) 2005-07-21

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