EP1544568B1 - Firearm - Google Patents

Abstract

A repeater hunting rifle (10) has a shaft (11) that slides back and forth with respect to the barrel and a magazine (31) holding a number of rounds (P). The magazine has a top closure (41) that engages with the breech. A bolt engages with the firing pin (18). A safety catch (80) prevents discharge of the closed breech. The magazine closure is essentially asymmetric and/or symmetric to the barrel axis (A).

Description

The invention relates to a firearm, in particular a one-shot or Mehrschüssige Repetierbüchse.

Repeating rifles for hunting purposes are usually loaded from the rear running ago and closed by a longitudinally movable chamber. The latter is made relatively long to allow the insertion of the cartridge and the ejection of the cartridge case. To open the weapon, the closure chamber must be moved completely backwards via a chamber stem together with the closure head out of the system housing, which can lead to collisions with the shooter's head. In addition, to avoid collisions with the butt, it must be designed correspondingly low. The entire weapon is therefore not satisfactory to handle; their overall length often disturbing. A weapon according to the preamble of claim 1 is made GB 1224724 known.

To counter this, rifles and rifles with longitudinally movable barrel have been developed in addition to rifles with a fixed barrel. Due to the design, shorter weapons can be produced here because the weapon length is shortened by the repetition stroke.

Such a weapon is for example off DE-OS-22 63 378 known. The slidably mounted on a guide rod barrel end has a closure member which is brought into the closed position of the weapon form-fitting with a likewise longitudinally displaceably mounted closure head into engagement. To open the weapon, a pawl is actuated via a spring-mounted slide, which has a locking pin on the closure head releases. This is pressed together with the barrel of a compression spring in the direction against a stop. If you then pull the barrel on the forend further forward, two positively coupled closure rollers are pivoted so that the closure head can be detached from the closure member. The latter slides along with the barrel while the breech head stops. Shortly before the barrel assembly reaches a front stop position, a cartridge magazine is pivoted upwardly via a lever mechanism and rotated, so that a cartridge held therein is fed to the impact plate in the closure head. When closing the gun, the magazine is pivoted back down. The cartridge fixed in the thrust plate is inserted axially into the cartridge chamber in the barrel.

The disadvantage here is that the overall complex mechanics requires always accurate coordination of all closure components that must perform in addition to longitudinal movements on different axes and pivotal movements. A completely play-free closure of the weapon is therefore difficult to realize. Manufacturing and assembly are complex and expensive, not least because tight manufacturing tolerances must be adhered to. Another disadvantage is that the pivot axes of the shutter rollers are laterally adjacent to the shutter head, so that the power flow at the moment of firing is not free of tilting and torques, which can have a negative effect on the shot precision. In addition, the handling of the weapon is cumbersome because the barrel must be moved very far forward so that the cartridge magazine can swing up at all. The entire closure mechanism is completely exposed. The relatively complicated lifting and turning mechanism can easily become dirty or even damaged. The functionality of the weapon is further affected.

The same applies to one U.S. Patent No. 2,699,006 known firearm, the closure head in addition to the longitudinal movement still has to perform an upward movement to lock the rear running. The closure head or its guide mechanism is characterized by a plurality of parts, which not only the manufacturing costs, but also - as always in complicated constructions - increases the susceptibility. The reliability should be but especially for firearms in the foreground.

British Patent No. 756,769 dispenses with a closure device at the running and uses instead a coil spring which presses the longitudinally movable barrel permanently against a stop surface in a housing. So that the weapon in the closed position is secured and can not be accidentally opened, a pivotally mounted locking element engages behind a recess in the barrel assembly. To open the weapon, the locking element is released from its rest position with the weft hand. Subsequently, the barrel assembly must be moved over the forend against the closing force of the coil spring forward to eject the empty cartridge case can.

At an in U.S. Patent No. 2,628,536 shown gas-operated automatic weapon of axially displaceably mounted in a guide tube barrel is also pressed by a coil spring permanently against a housing-side stop and locked by a arranged at the front end of the guide tube locking device. For this purpose, radially displaceable locking pins are provided, which engage in corresponding detent recesses in the guide tube and in the barrel. The latter carries a gas cylinder which defines between itself and the front end of the guide tube a piston volume which is fluidly connected via gas bores with the inner bore of the gun barrel. When a cartridge is fired, the resulting gas penetrates both into the gas cylinder and into the detent recesses. The locking pins are pressed against a spring force from the locking recesses in the barrel and moves the gas cylinder together with the barrel to the front; the empty cartridge case is ejected via an ejection mechanism. As soon as the gas pressure drops, the barrel of the coil spring is immediately brought into its closed position. The locking pins again engage in their locking recesses.

The implementation of a manual Repetiervorgangs in the attack is difficult in such a weapon possible because the fore-end must first be rotated and then moved against the coil spring with force forward. This is not only exhausting in the long term, it requires good coordination and concentration. In addition, the rear running is not closed form-fitting here, which is not always desirable for security reasons. Another disadvantage is that the locking recesses are introduced in the front region of the barrel, which is to be provided for this purpose with separate hardened inserts. This is expensive to manufacture and may also adversely affect the firing characteristics of the weapon. The production costs are correspondingly high.

U.S. Patent No. 3,020,662 discloses a Repetierbüchse, in which the running of the axially displaceably mounted barrel is positively connected via a bayonet-type closure with a fixed in the housing closure head. To open and Closing the weapon, the entire barrel must be rotated about its axis on a laterally projecting Repetierhebel and then moved forward. Thus, the locking and unlocking of the weapon takes place as in a conventional shutter chamber, except that the often disturbing Repetierhebel is not moved to the rear, but still forward.

The aim of the invention is to avoid these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to develop a firearm with longitudinally movable barrel, which is simple in construction and easy to handle. The entire mechanism including the closure device and the locking device should consist of as few parts that can be inexpensively manufactured and assembled with little effort. The aim is also a always play and rattle-free closing weapon, which ensures the moment of firing a tilt and torque-free power flow. The rifle should always work reliably.

Main features of the invention are specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 26.

In a firearm, in particular a one- or Mehrschüssigen Repetierbüchse, with a shaft, a relative to the shaft or in a linear guide axially displaceably mounted barrel in which a cartridge chamber is designed to receive a cartridge, a closure device for closing the cartridge chamber a Having closure head which is axially fixed when running the weapon in the running and is penetrated centrally to the barrel axis of a firing pin, and with a locking device for locking the weapon in the closed position, the invention provides that the closure device is substantially axially symmetrical and / or rotationally symmetrical is formed to the barrel axis and for fixing the closure head in the running has radial and / or radially acting closure members, which are brought by longitudinal movement of the barrel with corresponding closure elements in the running, and in that the closure head axialve rschieblich and / or rotatably mounted on a carrier coaxial with the running axis, which is fixedly arranged on or in a fixedly connected to the shaft housing.

The overall axisymmetric and / or rotationally symmetrical structure of the closure device allows, together with the longitudinally displaceable barrel an extremely simple and compact design of the weapon. In particular, can the realize entire closure device with only a few parts, which - as well as the barrel itself - can be produced as a simple turned parts. This not only has a favorable effect on the production costs. The weapon is quick to install and can always work reliably due to the relatively easy to implement movements. Wear and susceptibility are low.

Contributing to this also the radial or radially acting closure members, which can be brought by simple longitudinal movement of the barrel with the running end in engagement. The operation of outwardly projecting levers or the execution of separate manual or actuating movements is not necessary, which greatly simplifies the handling of the weapon.

Another advantage is that in the firing by the axially symmetric and / or rotationally symmetrical structure within the weapon neither tilting nor torques occur which could affect the shot precision. The support of the barrel in the housing rather ensures an always optimal power flow along the barrel axis, wherein the recoil of the cartridge charge is transmitted directly from the barrel into the housing and passed from there via the shaft into the shoulder of the shooter.

In one embodiment, the invention provides that the locking device is formed in the region of the closure device. As a result, the entire construction can be further simplified, in particular if the locking device is designed to be axially symmetrical and / or rotationally symmetrical.

Fig. 1

eine seitliche Schnittansicht einer Schußwaffe,

Fig. 2

eine vergrößerte Schnittansicht einer Verschlußvorrichtung der Schußwaffe von Fig. 1 in geschlossenem Zustand,

Fig. 3

die Verschlußvorrichtung von Fig. 2 in geöffnetem Zustand,

Fig. 4

eine Ausschnittsvergrößerung der Schußwaffe von Fig. 1 nach der Schußabgabe in geschlossenem Zustand und mit verriegeltem Lauf,

Fig. 5

die Schußwaffe von Fig. 4 mit entriegeltem Lauf,

Fig. 6

die Schußwaffe von Fig. 4 in geöffnetem Zustand,

Fig. 7

eine andere Ausführungsform einer Verschlußvorrichtung,

Fig. 8

eine Schnittansicht der Verschlußvorrichtung von Fig. 7,

Fig. 9

eine Teil-Schnittansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Schußwaffe in geschlossenem Zustand,

Fig. 10

die Schußwaffe von Fig. 9 in geöffnetem Zustand,

Fig. 11

eine Teil-Schnittansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Schußwaffe, oben (nach der Schußabgabe) in geöffnetem Zustand und unten in geschlossenem Zustand,

Fig. 12

eine Ausführungsform einer Schiebehülse,

Fig. 13

eine Ausführungsform eines Aufnahmeprofils für eine Verschlußvorrichtung,

Fig. 14

eine Teil-Schnittansicht der Verschlußvorrichtung von Fig. 13 bei geschlossener Waffe,

Fig. 15

eine Teil-Schnittansicht der Verschlußvorrichtung von Fig. 13 bei teilweise geöffneter Waffe,

Fig. 16

eine Teil-Schnittansicht der Verschlußvorrichtung von Fig. 13 bei geöffneter Waffe,

Fig. 17

eine andere Ausführungsform eines Aufnahmeprofils für eine Verschlußvorrichtung,

Fig. 18

eine noch andere Ausführungsform einer Schußwaffe in geschlossener Stellung und

Fig. 19

die Schußwaffe von Fig. 17 in geöffneter Stellung.

The shank is preferably divided into a shaft main body and a fore-end, the barrel being operable within its linear guide via the fore-end. As a result, the front stock - in contrast to marketable Vorderschaftrepetierern - with the gun closed always in its rear (protective side) end position. This has the advantage that the weapon is always kept closed in the attack of the guide hand. Furthermore, the forearm and the shaft main body are flush with each other with their end faces, so that there is always the impression of a one-piece shaft. The guide pin is completely enclosed by the forearm, ie the entire linear guide is not visible to the outside. The traditional appearance of hunting rifles is maintained in principle. Compared to conventional designs, however, the overall length - despite the Use of standard running lengths - considerably shortened, which has a very favorable effect on the handling of the weapon.
Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a side sectional view of a firearm,

Fig. 2

an enlarged sectional view of a closure device of the firearm of Fig. 1 in closed condition,

Fig. 3

the closure device of Fig. 2 in open condition,

Fig. 4

an enlarged detail of the firearm of Fig. 1 after firing in the closed state and with locked barrel,

Fig. 5

the firearm of Fig. 4 with unlocked barrel,

Fig. 6

the firearm of Fig. 4 in open condition,

Fig. 7

another embodiment of a closure device,

Fig. 8

a sectional view of the closure device of Fig. 7 .

Fig. 9

a partial sectional view of another embodiment of a firearm in the closed state,

Fig. 10

the firearm of Fig. 9 in open condition,

Fig. 11

a partial sectional view of another embodiment of a firearm, above (after the firing) in the open state and below in the closed state,

Fig. 12

an embodiment of a sliding sleeve,

Fig. 13

an embodiment of a receiving profile for a closure device,

Fig. 14

a partial sectional view of the closure device of Fig. 13 with the gun closed,

Fig. 15

a partial sectional view of the closure device of Fig. 13 with partially opened weapon,

Fig. 16

a partial sectional view of the closure device of Fig. 13 with the weapon open,

Fig. 17

another embodiment of a receiving profile for a closure device,

Fig. 18

a still another embodiment of a firearm in the closed position and

Fig. 19

the firearm of Fig. 17 in open position.

In the Fig. 1 The firearm, generally designated 10, has a shank 11 with a shaft body 12 which has a rifle piston 13 at the rear and merges into a fore-end 14 at the front. Between the shaft main part 12 and the rifle piston 13, a pistol grip 15 is formed, which allows the comfortable operation of a trigger 16. The latter is for the purpose of firing a shot (not shown) tensioning and release mechanism with a (also not shown) in connection cock, which actuates a firing pin 18.

Above the main shaft part 12, a gun barrel 30 mounted longitudinally displaceably in the axial direction A is arranged. This carries circumferentially an elongated sliding sleeve 22 which is positively connected to a trained parallel to the axis A slide bore 23 on a cross-section polygonal, preferably square, guide pin 28 can be plugged. Its rear end is fixed to or in a housing 90 which is fixedly connected to the shaft main body 12. The free end of the guide pin 28 carries a cross-sectional widening 29, for example in the form of a screw whose head is wider than the maximum width of the guide pin 28, so that the sliding sleeve 22 finds it a front stop. Preferably, the cross-sectional widening 29 is formed by a (not shown) pivotally mounted, transversely sprung pawl, which protrudes in the rest position with a locking arm of at least one side surface of the guide pin 28. By pivoting the locking arm of the barrel 30 with the sliding sleeve 22 can be quickly and easily removed from the guide pin 28 and just as easily put back. The weapon 10 can therefore be dismantled at any time into two parts or subassemblies H1 and H2, which considerably simplifies transport.

It can be seen that the sliding sleeve 22 and lying parallel to the axis A guide pin 28 form a linear guide 20 for the rifle barrel 30, and that this between the front and a later explained in more detail rear stop position rotatably slide back and forth. The execution of this longitudinal movement via the forearm 14, which is formed separately from the shaft main body 12 and secured from below to the sliding sleeve 22.

The rear running end 32 is formed by a closure sleeve 33 which is screwed with a threaded bore 37 on the tubular body of the barrel 30 or in one piece with this. Opposite the threaded bore 37, the sleeve 33 has a centric Recess 34 for receiving a closure head 41, which terminates during the discharge of a shot end formed in the barrel 30 cartridge chamber 31 and thereby forms the abutment for a cartridge P to be fired. For this purpose, a shock bottom 42 is introduced with an axial bore 43 for the firing pin 18 at the front side in the center of the closure head 41. A lateral (not shown) extractor claw and an eccentrically arranged, axially sprung (also not shown) Auswerferstift serve the ejection of the remaining after the shot cartridge case from the weapon 10th

The rear end of the closure sleeve 33 has concentric to the axis A on an abutment surface 38 which comes in the closed position of the barrel 30 to a corresponding stop surface 94 in the housing 90 to the plant and at the moment of firing the entire recoil force directly on the housing 90 and thus on the Shank 11 transmits.

The closure head 41 has on the back a cylindrical shaft 44 with a central inner bore 45. Thus, it sits limited axialverschieblich on a coaxial with the axis A of the barrel 30 formed cylindrical support 50. This end is attached to a flange 92, which is open in the weft direction S housing 90 closes on the back.

Depending on the embodiment, the carrier 50 and the flange 92 may also be integral with the housing 90, or it forms the carrier 50 so that it is detachably connected to the housing 90. This has the advantage that the carrier 50 and thus the closure head 41 can be changed at any time, for example, to provide for replacement or to quickly and easily change the caliber. It is also conceivable to mount the closure head 41 releasably on the carrier 50, so not this, but the closure head 41 itself is replaced. In this context, it is also advantageous that the barrel assembly H2 can be solved at any time on the sliding sleeve 22 of the assembly H1 and replace it with another. If you choose a barrel 30 with a different inner diameter, you can change the ammunition in just a few steps and in no time at all.

It is always important that the carrier 50 is formed stationary with respect to the housing 90. A likewise central axial bore 52 in the carrier 50 receives the spring-loaded firing pin 18 which pierces the axial bore 43 in the closure head 41 for firing with a tip 19.

In the embodiment of Fig. 2 the closure head 41 is part of a closure device 40, which is designed in the manner of a radial collar closure. It has with respect to the barrel axis A radially acting closure members 60 which are brought into engagement by the longitudinal movement of the barrel 30 and coupled thereto, extending radially to the barrel axis A actuating movement with a corresponding closure element 65 in the closure sleeve 33, so that the barrel 30 is always securely closed at the moment of firing.

The closure members 60 are e.g. hardened detent balls 61, which are peripherally inserted into a series of radial openings 48 in the shaft 44 of the closure head 41. The closure element 65 in the closure sleeve 33 is a peripherally formed in the inner periphery of the recess 34 circumferential groove 66 which receives the locking balls 61 in the closed position of the barrel 30 positively. As a result, the closure head 41 is always positive fit with the barrel 30 at the moment of firing. The recoil force is introduced via the closure head 41, the balls 61 and the closure sleeve 33 concentric with the axis A and thus tilt and torque free in the housing 90 and from this into the shaft 12.

The actuation of the detent balls 61 takes place in the radial direction R via the cylindrical carrier 50, which is provided for this purpose at its free end with a control member 54. This is, for example, a conical surface 54 sloping down in the weft direction S and having a narrower cylindrical extension 55. The latter expediently enters a stepped bore 46 in the closure head 41 when the weapon 10 is closed. Instead of the conical surface 54 and circumferentially separate oblique or key surfaces can be formed, which are correspondingly in operative connection with the detent balls 61.

The stop for the axial movement of the closure head 41 on the carrier 50 forms an off-center transverse pin 56 which penetrates the shaft 44 perpendicular to the axis A and can move within a lateral key surface 57 in the carrier 50. As a result, at the same time an anti-rotation of the closure head 41 is created, but this is not absolutely necessary.
On the shaft circumference of the closure head 41 a locking sleeve 63 is mounted longitudinally displaceable. This has at the rear a re-entrant collar 64, which engages behind a step-shaped shoulder 49 of the closure head 41. A coaxial with the barrel axis A trained coil spring 58 pushes the sleeve 63 permanently in the weft direction S forward, so that the collar 64 with the barrel 30 open at the stage 49 comes to mind. The closure head 41 is thereby pushed into its front stop position (see Fig. 3 ) and held there with the weapon 10 open. At the same time, the radial openings 48 are closed by the sleeve 63, so that the resting on the outer circumference of the cylindrical support extension 55 balls 61 can not escape to the outside.

It also fixes the lock head 41 positively in its front stop position with the weapon 10 open Conical surface 54 of the carrier 50 is pressed radially outwardly against the sleeve 63. A movement of the closure head 41 in the closing direction Z is therefore initially not possible.

If, however, one closes the weapon 10 by retracting the barrel 30 via the forend 14, the closure sleeve 33 sliding over the closure head 41 pushes the securing sleeve 63 against the pressure of the closure head spring 58 towards the rear. The positional fixation of the closure head is therefore canceled by the running end 33. Once the recess 66 passes through the radial openings 48 in the sleeve 33 and the closure head 41 is pushed further from the closure sleeve 33 to the rear, the locking balls 61 are pressed by the conical surface 54 of the stationary support 50 in the radial direction R outwardly into the recess 66 inside , At the same time, the radially spring-loaded extractor claw of the closure head 41 snaps into a removal die (not shown) of the cartridge P inserted into the chamber 31. The ejector pin is resiliently pressed into the impact bottom 42.

Thus, the closure head 41 is already positively engaging with the barrel 30, but the weapon 10 is not yet completely closed. Between the rear abutment surface 38 of the barrel 30 and the stop surface 94 in the housing 90 is still a (not shown in detail) remaining distance available. This is very important for safety, because the firing pin 18 is arranged so that the top 19 just can not reach the shock pad 42. This is possible only when the detent balls 61 lie completely on the outer circumference of the carrier 50 and the closure sleeve 33 with its abutment surface 38 comes into positive contact with the abutment surface 94 in the housing 90. The barrel 30 is now in its rear stop position. The weapon 10 is completely closed and ready to fire.

The cocking and tripping mechanism (not shown) for the cock may, for example, be formed inside the main body part 12 or in the housing 90, so that when the barrel 30 is returned to the closed position, the cock is automatically tensioned (so-called self-tensioner). In this case, the clamping mechanism rests in the closed position of the weapon 10, for example on the abutment surface 38, i. as soon as the barrel 30 to open the weapon 10 in the weft direction S moves forward, the cock is relaxed, which is very important for safety.

It can be seen that the barrel 30 and the closure sleeve 33 - as well as the few components of the closure device 40 - are at least axially symmetrical, preferably substantially rotationally symmetrical to the axis A, which not only allows an economical production on automatic lathes, but also the assembly and considerably simplified the kinematics of the weapon. The opening or closing movement to be carried out takes place in only one direction, namely along the running axis A, i. the guide shaft of the shooter engaging the fore-end 14 does not have to engage around or perform any other adjusting movements in other directions. Moreover, in the longitudinal movement, all other adjusting movements for closing the weapon 10 are integrated or integrated, because the closure members 65 are actuated exclusively by the longitudinal movement of the barrel 30 and moved radially outwardly upon reaching the closed position over a short travel. Further swiveling, turning or lifting movements are not required. The entire kinematics of the closure device 40 is limited to two dimensions and the firearm 10 thus hardly prone to failure.

In order to ensure the moment of firing and also during the ready to fire the weapon 10 in the area that the barrel 30 always play with its closure sleeve 33 and rattle-free on the housing-side stop 94 and can not accidentally open, for example, in the region of the linear guide 20, a locking device 80 is provided. This consists of one or more locking elements 81, for example detent balls, which are guided in transverse bores 82 of the sliding sleeve 22 and whose diameter d is greater than the thickness D of the transverse bores 82 receiving wall 24 of the sliding sleeve 22 (see Fig. 4 ). In the enclosed by the sliding sleeve 22 guide pin 28 locking recesses 83 are introduced.

To actuate the latching elements 81, the sliding sleeve 22 carries an axially displaceable mounted actuator 84. This forms a console, which on its underside as a handle carries the forend 14 (see Fig. 1 ) and is pressed by a compression spring 85 permanently in the closing direction Z. At its the sliding sleeve 22 facing upper surface 86 receiving recesses 87 are provided. Not shown stops limit the axial movement of the bracket 84 forward and backward.

The transverse bores 82 in the sliding sleeve 22, the locking recesses 83 in the guide pin 28 and the receiving recesses 87 in the bracket 84 are arranged to each other so that the Rastkuglen 81 are always pressed non-positively and positively in the locking recesses 83, as soon as the run 30 his back Has reached stop position. The console 84 closes here with its flat inner surface 86, the transverse bores 82 from the outside and fixed the locking balls 81 in the locking recesses 83. The latter are shaped so that the sliding sleeve 22 and thus the barrel 30 are acted upon in the closing direction Z with a clamping force, so that the barrel 30 always rests without play and rattling in the housing 90. The receiving recesses 87 are offset in the closing direction Z behind the transverse bores 82nd

If you move the forearm 14 with the guide hand in the weft direction S forward, first the console 84 is moved against the compression spring 85 forward against its (not shown) stop. Once the receiving recesses 87 under the transverse bores 82 of the sliding sleeve 22 are (see Fig. 5 ), the detent balls 81 can dodge down, whereby the detent between the guide pin 28 and the sliding sleeve 22 is released. Upon further advancement of the forearm 14 in the weft direction S, the console 84 takes over its stop the sliding sleeve 22, so that the barrel 30 moves forward. The detent balls 81 are now held by the guide pin 28 in the receiving recesses 87 of the bracket 84.

At the same time, the closure sleeve 33 is released from the housing 90. It pulls the closure head 41 over the lying in the radial openings 48 balls 61 forward until they can slide radially on the conical surface 54 of the carrier 50. The pressed by the compression spring 58 to the front locking sleeve 63 covers the radial openings 48 and thereby fixes the closure head 41 in its front end position. The barrel 30 finally releases the capping head 41 completely; the cartridge chamber 31 is opened (see Fig. 6 ).

If, after inserting a new cartridge P into the cartridge chamber 31, the forearm 14 is withdrawn in the closing direction Z, the barrel 30 or the closure sleeve moves 33 back into the housing 90. Once the bracket 84 has reached its rear end position, the locking balls 81 engage positively and positively in the locking recesses 83 of the guide pin 28 a. The barrel 30 is actively locked and can not be accidentally moved. The weapon 10 can not be opened by the firing pin 18, because the spring force of the (not shown here) firing pin spring is smaller than the (to) holding power of the barrel lock 80. Opening the weapon 10 is possible only on the forearm 14, the lower Overcoming the compression spring 85 of the guide hand in the weft direction S must be moved. The closing force of the locking device 80 is determined by the number and the design of the locking elements 81. The compression spring 85 determines the force with which the weapon 10 must be opened. However, this is not very large overall, because the compression spring 85 is only responsible for the barrel lock and not - as in (semi) automatic weapons - for locking the weapon 10 at the moment of firing.

To further enhance safety, the tensioning mechanism (not shown) may be coupled to the console 84. If this is actuated to unlock the barrel 30 via the forend 14, the cock relaxes; the firing pin 18 can not be operated. Thus, when closing the weapon 10 can not solve accidental consequence, the trigger 16 is provided in a conventional manner with a (not shown) breaker.

In the embodiment of Fig. 7 For example, the shutter 40 is formed in the manner of a rotary cylinder shutter. The closure head 41 is mounted axially displaceably and rotatably on the support 50 which is formed coaxially with the axis A of the barrel. He has circumferentially radial closure members 60 in the form of (not shown) radial pins or external teeth 67, which is engageable by the longitudinal movement of the barrel 30 and coupled thereto rotational movement of the closure head 41 about the barrel axis A with corresponding closure elements 65 in the closure sleeve 33 into engagement , The latter has this in the inner circumference to the radial pins or external teeth 67 gegengleiche internal teeth 68, so that the weapon 30 is always closed safely at the moment of firing.

As Fig. 8 shows, the internal teeth 68 of the closure sleeve 33 in the weft direction S in front of the recess 34, which is bounded at the opposite end in front of the cartridge chamber 31 by a flat stop surface 35. The distance a between the internal teeth 68 and the stop surface 35 is slightly larger than the axial length L of the external teeth 67 of the closure head 41. Its outer diameter b is slightly smaller than the inner diameter c of the recess 34, so that the closure head 41 completely engage in the recess 34 and can close behind the inner toothing 68 for closing the weapon 10 with its outer teeth 67.

For the execution of the coupled to the axial movement rotational movement of the closure head 41 on the support 50, a slide guide 70 is provided, which may be formed on one or both sides. It consists of a formed in the shaft 44 of the closure head 41 guide recess 72 and a slide-guided therein control member 74. The latter is preferably a transverse pin which passes through the shaft 44 and the support 50 perpendicular to the axis A. A concentric with the axis A bore 75 in the transverse pin 74 is penetrated by the tip 19 of the (not shown here) firing pin 18, so that the control member 74 is secured in position. But you can also fix the transverse pin 74 by means of press fit in the carrier 50, which is particularly useful when each introduced a guide recess 72 on the opposite sides of the shaft 44 and the transverse pin 74 is divided into two in the region of the axial bore 52.

The guide recess 72 has a front slot 76 and a circumferentially angularly offset rear slot 77, both of which run parallel to the axis A and are connected by a helical transition region 78 with each other. The angular distance of the elongated holes 76, 77 with respect to the barrel axis A corresponds to half the tooth pitch of the outer and inner teeth 67, 68, wherein the closure head 41 in its front stop position on the carrier 50 in a first angular position so to the rotatably mounted barrel 30th is aligned, that the teeth of the external toothing 67 are aligned with the longitudinal grooves of the internal toothing 68 and vice versa.

The front stop position for the closure head 41 is defined by the at the rear end of the slot 77 or - in the absence of the slot 77 - at the rear end of the helical transition region 78 adjacent transverse pin 74, wherein the slot 77 at the same time forms an additional anti-rotation for the closure head 41. The coaxial with the axis A trained coil spring 58 acts as a closure head spring directly on the shaft 44 of the closure head 41 and pushes it permanently in the weft direction S forward.

When closing the loaded weapon 10, the closure sleeve 33 initially inverts over the position-fixed closure head 41, wherein the outer teeth 67 passes unhindered through the internal teeth 68 of the sleeve 33. Once a cartridge inserted into the cartridge chamber 31 reaches the push bottom 42 in the closure head 41, this is pushed against the compression spring 58 from the front stop position on the carrier 50 to the rear until the transverse pin 74 of the slide guide 70 in the rear slot 77 to the helical Transition groove 78 passes. The still meshing teeth 67, 68 prevents premature rotation of the closure head 41, which is thus still fixed in its first angular position.

Upon further retraction of the barrel 30, the radially spring-loaded extractor claw of the closure head 41 snaps into the withdrawal groove (not shown) of the cartridge P. At the same time the ejector pin is pressed; the cartridge P sits in the impact bottom 42 of the closure head 41. This now occurs with its external teeth 67 completely in the recess 34 of the closure sleeve 33 and slides synchronously with the barrel 30 on the carrier 50 back further, the transverse pin 74, the helical transition groove 78th happens. As a result, the closure head 41 is rotated out of the first angular position by half the pitch of the teeth 67, 68 in a second angular position until the transverse pin 74 is located in the front slot 76. The outer teeth 67 now engages behind the internal teeth 68 in the sleeve 33, whereby the closure head 41 is in engagement with the closure sleeve 33.

As long as the running end 32 is not yet applied to the housing 90, the tip 19 of the housing side mounted firing pin 18 can not reach the shock bottom 42 in the closure head 41 here. A shot trigger with unlocked weapon 10 is therefore excluded. Only when the barrel 30 and the closure sleeve 33 has reached the rear stop position in the housing 90, the weapon 10 is fully closed, locked and ready to fire.

When closing the unloaded weapon 10, the closure head 41 is initially supported on the abutment surface 35 in front of the cartridge chamber 31, wherein also here the ejector provides for a play-free engagement of the closure head 41 in the closure sleeve 33. The stop surface 35 may be formed conically for safe cartridge feed. The closure head 41 then has the front side an angle-same inclined surface 36. Thus, the sprockets 67, 68 on the closure head 41 and in the Locking sleeve 33 can pass unhindered, the edges of the entrance contours are preferably formed as a chamfer 69.

The kinematic process for closing the weapon 10 effected by the rear running end 32 takes place for opening by carrying out the running movement in the weft direction S. The movement phases of the closure elements shown above run off in the opposite order. Just before the barrel 30 reaches its front stop on the linear guide 20, the fired sleeve of the cartridge P is ejected from the ejector pin. At this stage, the shutter head 41 has again reached its front stop position and its first angular position on the carrier 50.

The locking device 80 formed between the sliding sleeve 22 and the guide pin 28 ensures that the weapon is always securely locked or locked at the moment the shot is fired and that the barrel 30 rests against the housing 90 in its rearward stop position with a defined force.

Another advantageous embodiment of the locking device 80 - is claimed for the self-protection - is shown in the Fig. 9 and 10 not formed in the region of the linear guide 20, but in the region of the closure device 40, namely between the closure head 41 and the stationary support 50. Functionally identical components are provided for better understanding with the same reference numerals.

It can be seen that radially acting latching or locking elements 81 are provided, which can be brought into engagement with the closure head 41 and the carrier 50 when the weapon 10 is closed via a radial adjusting movement coupled to the longitudinal movement of the barrel 30. The latter is provided on the circumference with a series of transverse bores 82, are inserted into the radially ausstellbare locking balls 81. The axially displaceable and rotatably guided on the carrier 50 shaft 44 of the closure head 41 is provided on the inner circumference of the inner bore 45 with a circumferential groove 83 or - depending on the number of detent balls 81 - with a corresponding number of discrete locking recesses, the 10 when locking the weapon Take detent balls 81.

The actuation of the detent balls 81 takes place in the radial direction R via the concentric with the axis A trained firing pin 18, with its cylindrical main part 111 limited axially movable in the central bore 52 of the carrier 50 is guided. In the front region of the main part 111, the firing pin 18 as a control member has a conical surface 112 sloping down in the closing direction Z, which merges into a straight cylinder section 113 reduced in diameter relative to the main part 111.

The firing pin tip 19 secures here also the transverse pin 74 of the slide guide 70. It protrudes with its weapon 10 closed with its free end into the axial bore 43 of the closure head 41 inside. Between the transverse pin 74 and the main part 111 of the firing pin 18, a coil spring 114 is used concentrically to the axis A, which acts as a firing pin spring and the firing pin 18 permanently pushes in the closing direction Z.

To secure the firing pin 18, a transverse to the barrel axis A lying locking pin 115 may be used, which projects through the firing pin main body 111 in a slot 116 perpendicular to the barrel axis A. The locking pin 115 is firmly pressed into a transverse bore (not shown) in the carrier 50 or secured by a placed on the carrier 50 retaining ring 117 against falling out. At the latter, the closure head spring 58 is supported, which permanently loads the closure head 41 in the weft direction S.

The locking pin 115, the slot 116 and the retaining ring 117 are dispensable, however, since the firing pin 18 is secured in the closing direction Z by resting on the conical surface 112 locking balls 81. The protection in the weft direction S assumes the stepped diameter transition 119 from the main part 111 to the firing pin tip 19, which also forms a support surface for the firing pin spring 114 at the same time.

Another constructive simplification of the combined locking unit 40, 80 provides that the closure head spring 58 is not placed on the outer circumference of the carrier 50, but protected from external influences within the inner bore 45 of the closure head 41 and the shaft 44 is arranged. The spring 58 is supported on the bottom 47 of the inner bore 45 and on the end face 51 of the carrier 50.

Yet another variant provides that in the closing direction Z sloping sliding surface 112 is not formed for the detent balls 81 as a circumferential conical surface, but - depending on the number of detent balls 81 - of one or more (not closer shown) wedge surfaces is formed, because it has been shown that even one or two locking balls 81 are sufficient to achieve a sufficiently secure locking of the weapon 10. The formation of a conical surface 112 is indeed easier to manufacture. However, the symmetrical to the axis A arranged wedge surfaces can provide the detent balls 81 an additional side guide, which further increases the reliability of the weapon 10.

Fig. 9 shows the weapon 10 in the closed and locked state. The closure sleeve 33 of the barrel 30 rests with the abutment surface 38 in a form-fitting manner against the abutment surface 94 in the housing 90. The closure head 41 is in its second angular position and engages with the external teeth 67, the internal teeth 68 of the closure sleeve 33. At the same time, the groove 83 in the shaft 44 over the holes 82 in the carrier 50. The (not shown) cock is in its rear position pivoted, whereby the firing pin spring 112 can push the firing pin 18 against the firing direction S to the rear. As a result, the detent balls 81 are pressed by the conical surface 112 of the firing pin 18 radially outwardly into the circumferential detent recess 83 in the closure head 41. The barrel 30 is locked over the closure head 41 and axially no longer movable. For tensioning the weapon 10, for example, a (not shown) cocking slide can be provided, which biases the striker spring when operating the cock.

One recognizes in Fig. 9 and 10 in that the recess 83 forms a blunt conical surface 88 on its flank facing the housing flange 92, as a result of which the radially outwardly projecting detent balls 81 produce a force component directed in the closing direction Z which permanently pulls the closure head 41 backward in the closing direction Z. As a result, the barrel 30 with its abutting surface 38 is always pressed against the stop surface 94 in a play-free and rattle-free manner via the toothings 67, 68 of the closure head 41.

The same effect is achieved if 83 discrete locking recesses are used instead of the circumferential groove, with a radial bore is sufficient. This is aligned in the longitudinal direction substantially with one of the transverse bores 82 in the closure head 41 and in the shaft 44, but is slightly offset in the closed position of the weapon 10 in the weft direction S. As a result, the hole edge of the radial bore 83 acts in the same way as the conical surface 88.

If the shot is fired, the cock strikes the firing pin 18 which is pushed against the firing pin spring 114 in the firing direction S. The severed cock remains under the pressure of relatively strong striker spring on the housing flange 92 and holds the firing pin 18 against the pressure of the firing pin spring 114 in its forward position. With the lashing of the firing pin 18, the detent balls 81 lose their radial support. They slide on the cone surface 112 down on the cylinder portion 113 and thereby release the closure head 41.

If you now draw the barrel 30 on the fixed to the sliding sleeve 22 fore-end 14 in the weft direction S forward, takes the closure sleeve 33, the closure head 41 via the teeth 67, 68 as long as with this of the slide guide 70 from the second angular position in the first angular position is rotated. Subsequently, the closure sleeve 33 or its internal toothing 68 completely releases the closure head 41, which is pushed by the closure head spring 58 into its front stop position and held there. In this case, the transverse bores 82 in the carrier 50 are covered by the shaft 44 (see Fig. 10 ). The detent balls 81 can not fall out. The barrel 30 passes along the linear guide 20 in its front stop position.

Closing the weapon 10 and the cocking slide remains in its forward clamping position, the cock is automatically tensioned again, even before the barrel 30 and the closure sleeve 33 begins to push back the closure head 41 along the carrier 50. As a result, the firing pin 18 is released and pushed by the firing pin spring 114 in the closing direction Z to the rear. The conical surface 112 presses against the detent balls 81, which, however, can not yet pass radially outward. This is only possible when the abutment surface 38 abuts against the stop surface 94 in the housing 90 and the closure members 60 of the closure head 41 with the closure elements 65 of the closure sleeve 33 are engaged. The groove 83 is now again over the transverse bores 82, so that the locking balls 81 are pressed under spring-related backward movement of the firing pin 18 of the conical surface 112 radially outward. In this case, the balls 81 slide along the conical surface 88 to the outside, whereby the closure head 41 is pulled over the shaft 44 in the closing direction Z to the rear. The external toothing 67 of the closure head 41 engages behind the internal toothing 68 of the closure sleeve 33 in a form-fitting manner, so that the closure head 41 pulls the barrel 30 backwards until it rests against the housing 90 in a non-positive and backlash-free manner.

An important advantage of this embodiment is that the locking device 80 not only locks the weapon 10. It also compensates for manufacturing tolerances and wear-related dimensional changes, i. the weapon 10 is always closed without play and rattling.

Other advantages of this embodiment are that the firearm 10 can be opened immediately after the firing, without any control must be operated. If the weapon 10 is also designed as a repeating rifle with a magazine (not shown) which can be inserted, for example, in a recess 96 in the housing 90 (see FIG Fig. 1 ), so a so-called quick second shot can be delivered without time delay and without attitude change. Moreover, no spring force must be overcome to open the weapon 10, which has a very favorable effect on handling.

By locking the barrel 30 in the region of the closure device 40, in particular via the closure head 41, the forearm 14 - compared to the embodiment of 4 to 6 - Stiff with the sliding sleeve 22 and thus connected without play with the barrel 30, which further improves handling and in particular the "feel" for the weapon 10. Even if one receives the weapon 10 on the barrel 30 or the forend 14, the closure 40 can not accidentally open. The active and passive security of the weapon 10 is very high.

Yet another important advantage of this embodiment is that the locking device 80 as well as the closure device 40 is formed substantially rotationally symmetrical to the axis A, which has a very favorable effect on size and on the manufacturing and assembly costs. The locking and unlocking takes place synchronously with the running movement in only one direction, namely perpendicular to the running axis A. Further pivoting, rotating or lifting movements of the locking or locking elements 81 are also not required here. The entire kinematics of the firearm 10 is extremely simple and thus hardly prone to failure.

Another embodiment of a combined closure and locking unit is shown in FIG Fig. 11 shown. Their closure device 40 is executed substantially as described above only with the difference that the closure head 41 is mounted with its shaft 44 axially displaceable and rotatable in the axial bore 52 of the carrier 50. In the outer circumference of the shaft 44 is symmetrical to the axle A ever a slide guide 70 with a guide recess 72 and a transverse pin 74 is formed. The latter are fixed perpendicular to the axis A fixed in the carrier 50.

The shaft 44 receives in its central inner bore 45 the firing pin 18, which has a uniform diameter from the tip 19 to the main part 111. The inner bore 45 is accordingly the same diameter in the axial bore 43 in the closure head 41 via. End of the firing pin 18 carries a wider diameter end piece 118 which is slidably guided in the axial bore 52 of the carrier 50. The stop for the axial movement of the firing pin 18 forms the transverse to the barrel axis A locking pin 115, which projects through the tail 118 in a slot 116 perpendicular to the barrel axis A. The locking pin 115 is secured against falling out in the axial bore 52 of the carrier 50.

The lock head spring 58 is also concentric with the axle A in the axial bore 52 of the carrier 50. It rests against the rearward end of the shaft 44 and the end portion 118 of the striker 18, thereby simultaneously acting as a striker spring 114, i. while the closure head 41 is pressed into its front stop position, the firing pin 18 permanently slides in the closing direction Z to the rear. An additional spring is therefore not required.

The locking device 80 is formed by at least one locking pin 120 mounted displaceably transversely to the running axis A, which is seated in a transverse bore 53 in the support 50 and is provided with a frustoconical tip 122 at its end facing the running axis A.

The upper half of Fig. 11 shows the weapon 10 in the open position, ie the closure head 41 is in its front stop position and in the first angular position by the transverse pin 74 abuts the end in the rear slot 77 of the guide recess 72.

The lower half of Fig. 11 shows the weapon 10 in the closed and locked position. The closure head 41 is in its second angular position with the closure sleeve 33 into engagement, which bears with its abutment surface 38 positively against the stop surface 94 in the housing 90. It can be seen that the locking pin 120 engages with its apex 122 in the rear slot 77 of the guide recess 72. Due to the spring load and the conical shape of the tip 122 of the closure head 41 is pulled in the closing direction Z permanently backwards, causing the Run 30 is pressed over the teeth 67, 68 with a defined clamping force against the housing 90. The weapon 10 is therefore always closed here without play and rattling. Production or wear-related inaccuracies are permanently compensated by the locking device 80. The forces occurring during firing are always discharged tilt-and torque-free in the housing 90. The formation of additional locking recesses is not required, which further simplifies the entire structure.

The actuation of the latching pin 120 can take place via a not shown active connection through the barrel 30 or by the (not shown) cocking slide, which is arranged on the upper side of the pistol grip 15 and can occupy a total of three latching positions. In a first forward position the (still not visible) striker spring is tensioned and the closure device 40 is locked by the detent pin 120 of the locking device 80. In a middle position, the striker is relaxed, the weapon 10 but still locked. Only when one moves the cocking slide in a third rear position, the locking element 120 and the closure head 41 is disengaged, so that the weapon 10 can be opened via the forend 14.

The illustrated embodiments show that the firearm 10 according to the invention is designed as a kit and with only a few simple steps without tools in two approximately equal main assemblies H1, H2 can be dismantled, which are moved axially in the assembled state when loading or repeating. The fore-end 14 serves directly as an actuating handle for the barrel 30.

The first assembly H1 essentially comprises the main body part 12 with rifle piston 13 and pistol grip 15, the housing 90 anchored firmly in the shaft main body 12, the locking head 41 with firing pin 18 and ejection mechanism arranged on the carrier 50, the tensioning and locking mechanism (not shown) Trigger mechanism and - depending on the version of the weapon 10 - a (also not shown) plug-in magazine, which can be inserted if necessary in a recess provided for this purpose 96 in the housing 90 (see Fig. 1 ).

The second assembly H2 consists essentially of the fore-end 14, the barrel 30 and the sliding sleeve 22 fixed thereto. Next to this, a scope mount 100 for a riflescope 102 is mounted on the barrel 30 (see FIG Fig. 1 ). This is seated, for example, in a prism rail formed in the riflescope assembly 100 104. Depending on the design of the riflescope 102 and other images can be used. It is important that the riflescope 102 is mounted directly on the barrel 30 and is moved with the barrel 30 when repeating. This ensures that the match of hit and hold point determined during shooting is always maintained, ie manufacturing tolerances between the moving parts have no influence on the repeatability of the shots.

When the mounted weapon 10 is closed, the fore-end 14 is flush with the shaft main body 12, whereby the shaft 11 has an overall uniform appearance. Moreover, the linear guide is completely obscured by the fore-end 14, i. The weapon 10 is visually hardly distinguishable from a conventional weapon, except that the overall length is significantly reduced compared to conventional bolt action rifles.

In the embodiment of Fig. 12 the sliding sleeve 22 and the closure sleeve 33 are formed as a one-piece profile piece 130, which - as previously the closure sleeve 33 - is screwed on the end of the tubular body of the barrel 30 or can be integral therewith. In addition, in the upper side 132 of the profile piece 130, the prism rail 104 of the telescopic sight mounting 100 is incorporated parallel to the running axis A. The (not visible here) recess 34 and formed on the inner periphery of the profile piece 130 closure elements 65 in the form of internal teeth 68 are still concentric with the axis A, wherein the recess 34 in the weft direction S of the (also not visible) stop surface 35 and Z in the closing direction is limited by the internal teeth 68. The latter closes outwardly flush with the rear abutting surface 38, with which the profile piece 130 rests in the closed position of the weapon 10 positively and concentrically to the axis A on the stop surface 94 in the housing 90. Parallel to the bottom 133 of the profile piece 130, the sliding bore 23, with which the barrel assembly H1 is slidably guided on the guide pin 28 extends.

The profile piece 130 of Fig. 12 is preferably designed for the formation of the firearm 10 as a single loader. This eliminates the recess 96 in the housing 90 for the insertion magazine and the guide pin 28 connects directly in the region of the trigger 16 to the housing 90 at. The latter is relatively flat due to the omission of the magazine. Furthermore, the forearm 14 is relatively short, which is firmly fixed to the slightly tapered in the lower portion in cross-section profile piece 130.

As a result of these measures, the bushing 10 has a generally delicate outer contour, as has hitherto been used to this only by dumping weapons. At the same time, however, the construction is simplified considerably, although the weapon 10 can be opened and closed like a bolt action rifle. The profile piece 130 takes on a total of 5 functions. It takes up the barrel 30, serves as a carrier for the forend 14 and the scope 102, it is part of the closure device 40 and it serves as a sliding sleeve 22 for the linear guide 20. The design effort is thus significantly reduced compared to conventional weapons.

A not shown variant of the embodiment of Fig. 12 may provide that the firearm 10 is designed as a double box. Here, two rifle barrels 30 are inserted parallel to each other in the profile piece 130. Accordingly, two closure devices 40 are present next to each other, each being designed concentrically to the respective axis A itself. The locking device 80 may also be formed twice in the region of the linear guides 20 or in the region of the closure devices 40. But you can also form a common locking device 80.

While in the previous embodiments of the firearm 10 (not shown) magazine is housed stationary in the housing assembly H1, sees the development of Fig. 13 before that the magazine is now assigned to the barrel assembly H2, preferably the profile piece 130, which forms a receiving profile 140 for this purpose. The latter is formed extended in the closing direction Z opposite the profile piece 130 and provided on its underside 133 with an insertion opening 143 for the magazine. In the side surface 144, an ejection window 145 is inserted, through which a remaining after the shot cartridge case from the weapon 10 can be ejected. The insertion opening 143 and the ejection window 145 have in the interior of the receiving profile 140 has a common longitudinal bore 146 which is concentric with the axis A.

In the weft direction S behind the longitudinal bore 146 is also concentric with the axis A, the closure sleeve 33 with its threaded bore 37 for the barrel 30, the recess 34 for the closure head 41 and the closure element 65 in the form of internal teeth 68 (see Fig. 14 to 16 ). It can be seen that the latter is continued in the inner circumference of the longitudinal bore 146, so that the axially displaceable and rotatably mounted on a trained carrier 50 lock head 41 within the longitudinal bore 146 with its outer teeth 67 is always guided against rotation.

The link guide 70 formed between the closure head 41 and the carrier 50 corresponds in construction to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS Fig. 7 to 10 , so that will not be discussed in detail.

In the area of the sliding sleeve 22, two sliding holes 23 rectangular in cross-section are introduced on both sides of the insertion opening 143, which extend parallel to the running axis A over the entire length of the receiving profile 140. In the slide holes 23, which may also be formed as outwardly open grooves 25 (which simplifies the production), the (preferably not shown here) preferably fork-shaped guide pin 28 is slidably guided, so that the barrel 30 via the receiving profile 140 and the fore-end fixed thereto 14 between the front stop and the rear stop on the housing 90 can be moved back and forth. The slide holes 23 and the guide pin 28 thus also form a linear guide 20 for the barrel 30th

• ■ Das Aufnahmeprofil 140 nimmt den Lauf 30 auf,
• ■ es integriert die Funktion der Verschlußmuffe 33,
• ■ es bildet innerhalb der Längsbohrung 146 eine Längsführung mit Verdrehsicherung für den Verschlußkopf 41,
• ■ es ist Teil der Linearführung 20,
• ■ es dient als Träger für den Vorderschaft 14,
• ■ es bildet eine Aufnahmevorrichtung 100 für ein Zielfernrohr 102,
• ■ es integriert die Einstecköffnung 143 als Aufnahmeöffnung für ein Magazin,
• ■ es hat ein Auswurffenster für abgeschossene Patronenhülsen, das zugleich auch als Ladefenster dient, wenn man die Schußwaffe 10 nicht als Repetierbüchse, sondern als Einzellader ausbildet ( zu diesem Zweck kann man beispielsweise die Einstecköffnung 143 einfach verschließen),
• ■ es definiert über seine Länge die Längshubanschläge für den Lauf 30 in beiden Axialrichtungen und
• ■ es dient als Aufnahme für einen (nicht dargestellten) Betätigungsknopf, mit dem man zum einfachen Zerlegen der Waffe 10 die Lauf-Baugruppe H2 von der Gehäuse-Baugruppe H1 lösen kann.

The mounted in the top 132 scope mount 100 extends at least partially or in sections along the length of the receiving profile 140, which thereby assumes no less than ten functions as an integral part. These are as follows:

• The receiving profile 140 receives the barrel 30,
• ■ it integrates the function of the closure sleeve 33,
• ■ it forms within the longitudinal bore 146 a longitudinal guide with rotation lock for the closure head 41,
• ■ it is part of the linear guide 20,
• ■ it serves as a support for the forend 14,
• It forms a receiving device 100 for a telescopic sight 102,
• ■ it integrates the insertion opening 143 as a receiving opening for a magazine,
• ■ It has an ejection window for shotgun cartridge cases, which also serves as a loading window, if you do not form the firearm 10 as a repeating rifle, but as a single loader (for this purpose you can, for example, simply close the insertion opening 143),
• ■ It defines over its length the longitudinal stroke stops for the barrel 30 in both axial directions and
• ■ It serves as a receptacle for a (not shown) operating button, with which you can solve the run assembly H2 of the housing assembly H1 for easy disassembly of the weapon.

The functioning of the firearm 10 according to the invention with the receiving profile 140 results from Fig. 14 to 16 ,

In Fig. 14 the weapon 10 is closed and locked. The barrel 30 is in its rear stop position by the receiving profile 140 with its rear abutment surface 38 concentric with the barrel axis A against the stop surface 94 of the housing 90 (not shown). The closure device 40 keeps the weapon 10 closed by the closure head 41 with its radial outer teeth 67, the inner teeth 68 in the closure sleeve 33 of the receiving profile 140 engages behind the front side. The (also not shown in detail here) locking device 80 ensures that the weapon 10 is actively locked and can not be accidentally opened.

When the locking device 80 is released, the receiving profile 140 can be moved forwards over the forearm 14 together with the barrel 30 and the magazine in the weft direction S. In this case, the receiving profile 140 takes the axially displaceably mounted on the carrier 50 locking head 41 via the closure elements 65 with a piece until the transverse pin 74 of the slide guide 70 passes from the front slot 76 in the helical transition region 78. Now, the closure head 41 rotates in the recess 34 from its second angular position to the first angular position, whereby the external teeth 67 and the internal teeth 68 are disengaged ( Fig. 15 ).

The closure sleeve 33 in the receiving profile 140 releases the closure head 41. The weapon 10 can be fully opened via the forend 14. In this case, the closure head 41 first slides on the carrier 50 in its front stop position, i. the transverse pin 74 slides in the guide recess 72 of the guide slot 70 to the end of the rear slot 77 or - depending on the embodiment - up to the rear end of the helical groove 78. Subsequently, the closure head 41 - passes through the therein internal teeth 68 against rotation - the longitudinal bore 146 until the barrel 30 via the receiving profile 140 finds its front stop. A seated in the bottom 42 of the closure head 41 empty cartridge case is ejected from the ejector pin through the ejection window 145 therethrough.

One recognizes in Fig. 16 in that the dimensions of the individual assemblies are chosen such that the closure head 41 can not detach from the receiving profile 140, ie the external teeth 67 and the internal teeth 68 act permanently as Rotation. The weapon 10 can therefore be closed immediately after opening again. In this case, the closure head 41 with its radial toothing 67 a in the magazine nachrückende (not shown) cartridge P and conveys this when returning the barrel assembly H2 through the closure sleeve 33 through directly into the chamber 31 of the barrel 30. At first Although in this case the closure head 41 also moves slightly backward. However, this movement is immediately prevented when the transverse pin 74 reaches the transition region 78 of the guide recess 72 and the closure members 60 of the closure head within the longitudinal bore 146 prevent further rotation (the closure head spring 58 is therefore no longer mandatory).

Only when the barrel 30 is closed so far that the closure head 41 enters the recess 34 of the closure sleeve 33, the internal teeth 68 are the lock head 41 free. This rotates with the help of the slide guide 70 from the first to the second angular position and now engages behind with its closure member 60, the closure elements 65 of the female profile 140. The weapon 10 is reliably closed for the next shot delivery. The locking device 80 is activated as already explained above.

Significant advantages of this embodiment are the extremely simple and robust embodiment of a multi-shot bolt action rifle 10, the repeating process on the forend 14 is quickly and easily carried out without you have to take the weapon 10 out of the attack. Favorable is also the fact that the closing of the weapon 10 takes place counter to the weft direction S, i. The guide hand automatically pulls the weapon 10 into the shoulder of the shooter, which has an ergonomic effect on the striking of the weapon 10. Structurally, it is further favorable that the closure device 40 and the locking device 80 are concentric with the axis A and thus formed substantially rotationally symmetrical. The entire weapon 10 requires relatively few components, which has an advantageous effect on the production costs.

Another important advantage is the possibility to be able to replace the barrel 30 at any time by another, without having to change the assembly H1. As a result, for example, change the caliber with just a few simple steps. The closure head 41 can also be replaced relatively easily if the carrier 50 is detachably fixed to the housing 90 or to the housing flange 92. Thus, the entire weapon 10 both the dealer side and the customer are designed as a kit.

In the embodiment of Fig. 17 the receiving profile 140 is no longer parallelepipedic, but formed for economic production as a tubular sleeve which is concentric with the axis A and is provided on its underside 133 end with two feet 148. The latter are laterally provided with outwardly open slide grooves 25 for receiving the preferably fork-shaped guide pins 28. Between the feet 148 extends in the axial direction A, the insertion opening 143 for the magazine. This is guided between the feet 148 and laterally between the fork-shaped guide pins 28. The ejection window 145 is inserted laterally into the tube sleeve 140.

In order to reduce the overall length of the firearm 10 in training with the receiving profile 140 are - how FIGS. 18 and 19 show the guide pin 28 and the carrier 50 near the pistol grip 15 back in the housing 90 fixed, the latter and the shaft main part 12 in the region of the trigger 16 are formed so that the receiving profile 140 in the closed position of the weapon 10 between the trigger carrier 17 and the Closing carrier 50 is located. Neither the linear guide 20 nor the insertion magazine are thus visible from the outside. The weapon 10 has a very sleek and elegant appearance, which is equivalent to a tipping weapon. Nevertheless, it is a full-fledged multi-shot fore-end reptizer, which is extremely easy and convenient to use compared to conventional weapons. In the open position of the weapon 10 ( Fig. 18 ) you can quickly and easily change the magazine, which is now accessible from below in the receiving profile 140. If no magazine is desired, you can easily use the weapon 10 as a single loader.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways. Thus, for example, the transition from the recess 34 in the closure sleeve 33 to the cartridge chamber 31 in the barrel 30 may be designed as an inner cone 35, on the one hand facilitates the introduction of a cartridge P in the cartridge chamber 31 and on the other forms a centering for the closure head 41. This is the end face provided with a corresponding inclined surface 36.

Yet another variant provides that the guide pin 28 does not extend in the weft direction S, but formed by two parallel running fork-shaped bars is fixed to the end of the closure sleeve 33 or the profile piece 130 and are positively guided with their free ends in or on the housing 90. The latter is provided for this purpose laterally with corresponding slide holes or Gleitnuten. Equally, it is also conceivable to fix the spars 28 on the side of the housing 90 and to guide them on both sides in the outer wall of the closure sleeve 33, the profile piece 130 or the receiving profile 140. The fork-shaped design of the guide pin 28 increases the stability and precision of the linear guide 20th

Another embodiment provides that in the Fig. 9 and 10 provided latching depressions 83 omitted in the shaft 44. The locking of the weapon 10 takes place in this case exclusively on the between the conical surface 112 radially outwardly displaced balls 81 and the inner periphery of the shaft 44 resulting frictional engagement. Experiments have shown that this is sufficient to lock the weapon 10 in the closed position reliably, again with the conical surface 112 compensates for any manufacturing tolerances and wear-related dimensional changes. The movement caused by the balls 81 guided in the transverse bores 82 can be compensated elegantly by means of an elastic O-ring arranged between the abutment surface 38 and the abutment surface 94.

The firing pin 18 which is guided in the carrier 50 can also be designed as a so-called flying firing pin. Or you lead the firing pin 18 - as in Fig. 9 indicated by dashed lines - in two parts.

The (still not shown) ejector pin in the impact bottom 42 of the closure head 41 comes by the inventive design of the weapon 10 also has a special role. This is based with the weapon closed 10 spring loaded on the cartridge bottom of an inserted into the cartridge chamber 31 cartridge P, so that the closure head 41, when it is engaged with the recess 34 and has reached its second angular position, and the barrel 30 are pressed apart. This has the consequence that the rear end face of the external toothing 67 always abuts without play on the front end face of the internal toothing 68, ie the closure head 41, the closure sleeve 33 and the barrel 30 form a biased in the axial direction A unit which upon reaching the closed position of the Locking device 80 is frictionally pulled against the housing 90. The ejector pin also has a positive effect on the timing of the repeating process, which always runs smoothly and smoothly. The modules H1 and H2 are kept free of play. The entire kinematics always works reliably. If you assign the ejector pin moreover offset radially outwards, it can be supported not only on the cartridge bottom, but with unloaded weapon 10 on the stop surface 35, that is, the uncharged weapon 10 is permanently closed without play.

All of the claims, the description and the drawings resulting features and advantages, including design details, spatial arrangements and method steps may be essential to the invention both in itself and in various combinations.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A

Barrel axis, axial direction

a

distance

b

outer diameter

c

Inner diameter

d

Diameter (detent ball)

D

thickness

H1, H2

module

L

length

P

cartridge

R

radial direction

S

weft direction

Z

closing direction

10

firearm

11

shaft

12

Main stock part

13

rifle butt

14

forearm

15

pistol butt

16

deduction

17

trigger support

18

firing pin

19

top

20

linear guide

22

sliding sleeve

23

slide bore

24

wall

25

slide groove

28

guide pin

29

Sectional widening

30

run

31

Chamber

32

Ongoing

33

release collar

34

recess

35

Stop surface, inner cone

36

Inclined surface (closure head)

37

threaded hole

38

abutting face

40

closure device

41

bolt head

42

breech

43

axial bore

44

shaft

45

internal bore

46

stepped bore

47

ground

48

Radial opening

49

paragraph

50

carrier

51

face

52

axial bore

53

cross hole

54

conical surface

55

extension

56

cross pin

57

key area

58

feather

60

obturator

61

Locking element, ball

63

Securing element, securing sleeve

64

Federation

65

closure element

66

Locking recess, puncture

67

external teeth

68

internal gearing

69

Faskante

70

link guide

72

guide recess

74

Control member, cross pin

75

drilling

76

front slot

77

rear slot

78

Transition area

80

locking device

81

locking element

82

cross hole

83

latching depression

84

Actuator, console

85

compression spring

86

top

87

receiving recess

88

conical surface

90

casing

92

flange

94

stop surface

96

Recess (magazine)

100

Scope Mount

102

Scope

104

Prismenschiene

111

Bulk

112

conical surface

113

cylinder section

114

Coil spring, firing pin spring

115

safety pin

116

Long hole

117

circlip

118

tail

119

support surface

120

Plunger

122

top

130

profile piece

132

top

133

bottom

140

Receiving profile / integral part

143

insertion

144

side surface

145

ejection window

146

longitudinal bore

148

foot

Claims (26)

1. A firearm (10), in particular a single- or multiple-shot repeating rifle, comprising a stock (11), a barrel (30) mounted so as to be axially displaceable relative to the stock (11) on or in a linear guide (20), in which barrel a chamber (31) for receiving a shell (P) is formed, a breech mechanism (40), which has a breech cap (41) for sealing off the chamber (31), wherein said cap can be secured axially in the barrel end (32, 33) as the firearm (10) is being closed, and wherein a firing pin (18) extends through said cap, centered in relation to the barrel axis (A), wherein the breech mechanism (40) is formed essentially axially symmetrically and/or rotationally symmetrically in relation to the barrel axis (A) and has radial and/or radially acting breech locking elements (60) for the purpose of securing the breech cap (41) in the barrel end (32, 33), which elements can be brought into engagement with corresponding breech locking elements (65) in the barrel end (32, 33) by moving the barrel (30) lengthwise, and wherein the breech cap (41) is mounted so as to be axially displaceable and/or rotatable on a support (50) which is formed coaxially in relation to the barrel axis (A) and is disposed stationary on or in a housing (90) that is connected securely to the stock (11), characterized in that in addition to the breech mechanism (40), the firearm (10) has a locking device (80) with locking elements (81) for locking the firearm (10) in its closed position.
2. The firearm according to claim 1, characterized in that as the firearm (10) is being opened and closed, each breech locking element (60) executes an adjusting movement, extending radially and/or azimuthally to the barrel axis (A), and coupled with the lengthwise movement of the barrel (30), at least in phases.
3. The firearm according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjusting movement of the breech locking elements (60) is coupled or can be coupled, via the breech cap (41) and/or via the support (50), with the lengthwise movement of the barrel (30).
4. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the axial and/or rotational movement of the breech cap (41) is coupled or can be coupled, at least in phases, to the lengthwise movement of the barrel (30).
5. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotational movement of the breech cap (41) is coupled or can be coupled with the axial movement thereof.
6. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the breech cap (41) is mounted on the support (50) so as to rotate between a first angular position and a second angular position, wherein between the breech cap (41) and the support (50), a sliding guide (70) is formed, which has at least one control element (74) which is guided so as to slide in a guide recess (72).
7. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that when the barrel (30) is being moved lengthwise, the breech cap (41) is fixed in position or can be fixed in position, at least in phases, axially and/or circumferentially in relation to the support (50) and/or in relation to the barrel (30).
8. The firearm according to claim 7, characterized in that the position fixing during closure of the firearm (10) can be released and/or overcome by and/or with the barrel end (32, 33).
9. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the breech cap (41) is detachably mounted on the support (50).
10. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the breech locking elements (60) are formed on or in the breech cap (41), wherein the breech locking elements (60) are latching elements (61), for example, balls, rollers, pivoting locks, etc., which are guided in radial openings (48) formed around the perimeter of the breech cap (41), and wherein the latching elements (61) can be pulled out or moved out of the support (50) in the radial direction (R).
11. The firearm according to claim 10, characterized in that the breech locking elements (65) form latching recesses or a continuous groove (66) in the barrel end (32), which accommodates the latching elements (61) in a positive and/or non-positive manner when the firearm (10) is in the closed position.
12. The firearm according to claim 10 or 11 characterized in that the latching elements (61) can be fixed in position or arrested in the radial openings (48) by a catch element (63).
13. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the breech locking elements (60) are formed on or in the breech cap (41), wherein the breech locking elements (60) are bolts, links, buttons, teeth (67), etc., formed radially on the breech cap (41), which can be brought into engagement with the barrel end (32, 33).
14. The firearm according to claim 13, characterized in that the breech locking elements (65) are grooves, undercuts, teeth (68), etc., formed radially and/or axially in the barrel end (32, 33).
15. The firearm according to claim 14, characterized in that the teeth (67) on the breech cap (41) form external toothing and the teeth (68) in the barrel end (32, 33) form corresponding internal toothing, wherein one-half the tooth spacing of the external toothing (67) and the internal toothing (68) corresponds to the angular spacing between the first angular position and the second angular position of the breech cap (41) on the support (50).
16. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the linear guide (20) has a sliding sleeve (22) which is securely connected to the barrel (30) or is integral thereto, and which is non-rotatably guided so as to slide on at least one guide rod, one guide fork, one guide pin (28), etc.
17. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the barrel end (32) is provided with a recess (34) for accommodating the breech cap (41), wherein inside the recess (34) a stop surface (35) is formed, which rests against the breech cap (41) when the firearm (10) is closed.
18. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the barrel end (32) is formed by a locking sleeve (33), which is securely connected to the barrel (30) or is integral thereto.
19. The firearm according to claim 18, characterized in that the locking sleeve (33) has an abutment surface (38) on the end face thereof, which rests in a form-fitting connection with a corresponding stop surface (94) in the housing (90) when the barrel (30) is in the locked position, wherein the abutment surface (38) and the stop surface (94) are formed essentially concentrically in relation to the barrel axis (A).
20. The firearm according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the barrel (30), the breech cap (41) and/or the sliding sleeve (22) are acted upon or can be acted upon by a holding force acting in the closed direction (Z) when the firearm (10) is in the closed position.
21. The firearm according to claim 20, characterized in that the holding force is produced by the locking device (80).
22. The firearm (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the locking device (80) is formed in the region of the breech mechanism (40).
23. The firearm according to claim 22, characterized in that the locking device (80) is embodied as essentially axially symmetrical and/or rotationally symmetrical to the barrel axis (A).
24. The firearm according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the locking device (80) has radial and/or radially acting latching or locking elements (81), which can be brought into engagement with the breech cap (41) and/or the support (50) as the firearm (10) is being closed.
25. The firearm according to claim 24, characterized in that each latching or locking element (81) executes an adjusting movement that is coupled with the lengthwise movement of the barrel (30) and extends radially and/or azimuthally to the barrel axis (A) as the firearm (10) is being closed.
26. The firearm according to claim 22 or 25, characterized in that the latching or locking elements (81) can be actuated by and/or with the firing pin (18).

Images