EP1953491B1 - Firearm - Google Patents

Abstract

The fire arm (10) has a run (30) supported relative to a shaft (11) in or on a linear guide (20) in an axial displaceable manner, and a cartridge bearing for retaining a cartridge formed in the run. A closing device (40) has a closure head (41) for closing the cartridge bearing, where the closure head is axially fixable in an end (32) of the run during closing of the fire arm. A locking mechanism (80) locks the fire arm in a closure condition. The linear guide has a guide rod (21) coupled or decoupled with the run, where the guide rod is guided within the shaft.

Description

The invention relates to a firearm according to the preamble of claim 1.

Firearms such as rifles or shotguns are known in which the loading movement is carried out via the forend. This is mounted axially displaceable on a parallel guide and manually moved back and forth between two end positions. The axial guide is partially enclosed by the fore-end, which usually has a U-shaped cross-section. However, this has a mostly chunky outer contour result, which Vorderschaftbetätigte long guns - which are equipped with a cartridge magazine also called Vorderschaftrepetierer - have no slim and therefore attractive appearance. This applies both to those firearms in which the barrel is formed stationary, as well as for those who are equipped with longitudinally movable barrel, where thus barrel and forearm are rigidly coupled (see, for example DE-OS-22 63 378 or DE-U1-203 19 451 ), which forms a foundation for the preamble of claim 1. DE-U1-203 19 451 discloses a firearm with a shaft, a relative to the script on or in a linear guide axially displaceably mounted barrel in which a cartridge chamber is formed, a closure device having a closure head, which is axially fixed in the Laüfende when closing the weapon. This solution is not suitable for a compact design. In addition, longitudinal guides formed in the region of the forend require dimensions that often exceed clearly the desired packing dimensions of detachable long weapons.

The aim of the invention is to avoid these and other disadvantages of the prior art and to develop a firearm with longitudinally movable barrel, which is compact and easy to handle. The entire mechanism should consist of as few parts as possible, which can be inexpensively manufactured and assembled with little effort. The aim is also a simple dismantling of the weapon, which can be stowed quickly with small dimensions.

Main features of the invention are specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. Embodiments are the subject of claims 2 to 23.

In a firearm, in particular a one- or Mehrschüssigen Repetierbüchse, with a shaft, a relative to the shaft or axially displaceably mounted in a linear guide barrel, in which a cartridge chamber is designed to receive a cartridge, a closure device for closing the cartridge chamber a Has closure head, which is axially fixed while running the gun, and with a locking device for locking the weapon in the closed position, the invention provides that the linear guide o.dgl at least one coupled to the run or couplable guide rod, guide fork. which slides within the shaft. This allows an extremely compact design of the weapon, which is always easy to handle due to the easy to implement and executed movements.

The shaft is divided into an buttstock and a fore-end, wherein the guide rod is slidably guided in the buttstock; preferably parallel to the barrel axis. The entire linear guide thereby does not occupy a separate space within the weapon, in particular, the guide rod no longer has to be covered by the fore-end. The latter can rather be designed independently with a slim silhouette. Nevertheless, the run is operated within the linear guide over the forend, which - in contrast to common Vorschaftrepetierern - with the gun closed is always in a rear (protective side) end position. This has the advantage that the weapon is always kept closed in the attack of the guide hand. Furthermore, the forend and the shaft main body are flush with each other with their end faces, so that the impression of a one-piece shaft always arises. The guide rod disappears completely in the butt, ie the entire linear guide is not visible to the outside. The traditional appearance of hunting rifles is maintained in principle. Compared to conventional designs, however, the overall length - despite the use of standard running lengths - considerably shortened, which further has a favorable effect on the handling of the weapon.

The guide bar has a substantially round or angular, e.g. having a square cross-section. The latter forms together with a corresponding receptacle in the buttock a rotation against the barrel. The round cross section represents a cost effective variant that is simpler and cheaper to manufacture. The anti-rotation device for the barrel is realized via the closure device, for example when the closure head is guided parallel to the guide rod in a closure sleeve provided at the running end.

Structurally, it is advantageous if the guide rod is slidably guided in a tubular sleeve, which is preferably arranged in the buttstock. The tube sleeve not only provides a safe and permanently stable guidance, it also simplifies the construction of the weapon. In the buttock you will find enough space around the pipe sleeve and thus bring the linear guide under. Their fixation is no problem.

For the handling of the weapon, it is also advantageous if at least one stop for the guide rod is provided. This defines at least the front opening position of the weapon, so that the closure device can always be opened precisely and reproducibly. The stop is preferably an axial stop, which is formed in and / or on the tube sleeve.

The invention further provides that the closure head is arranged on or in a housing fixedly connected to the shaft. The closure head is always positively at the moment of firing with the barrel or the closure sleeve engaged, so that the recoil force of a cartridge charge on the closure head and the closure sleeve concentric with the barrel axis and thus tilt and torque is introduced into the housing. The latter provides the barrel in the closed position of the weapon always lying at the same height abutment so that the recoil can be transmitted along the barrel axis directly into the housing and passed from there via the shaft into the shoulder of the shooter. Closure sleeve, lock head and housing thus ensure an always optimal flow of force within the weapon.

This also contributes when the tube sleeve is firmly connected to the housing. This experiences an additional support within the buttstock, so that even acting on the housing tilting moments are always reliably compensated.

An important development of the invention provides that the housing can be fixed via the tubular sleeve in the buttstock. The tube sleeve thus has a double function: on the one hand the guide rod provides a precise and reliable guidance when opening and closing the weapon. At the same time, the housing can be fixed within the rear shaft via the tubular sleeve, so that no fastening elements are necessary in the region of the closure device and in the region of the trigger assembly. Construction and installation of the weapon are greatly simplified. It is conceivable to attach the housing fitted in a form-fitting manner in the buttstock directly by means of the tubular sleeve, for example by screwing, pressing or the like. However, it is also possible to fix the tube sleeve, which is preferably firmly connected to the housing, even in the buttstock, e.g. by means of a (shaft) screw, whereby the housing is automatically fixed with.

The guide rod carries in a further embodiment in addition to the barrel and the forearm and - if the firearm should be designed as a multi-shotgun repeating - a magazine that advantageously has a magazine box for a plug-in magazine. The magazine is always moved by the connection to the barrel and the forend during Repetiervorgang. It is designed and arranged such that it lies in the closed position of the weapon on the trigger assembly and is freely accessible from below in the open position. This also has a favorable effect on the length of the weapon, which is designed to be extremely compact in the closed position. In the open position, however, the magazine, in particular the plug-in magazine freely accessible, which greatly simplifies the handling of the weapon.

Advantageously, the barrel, the forearm and the magazine form a first assembly, wherein the guide rod is detachably connected or connectable with this. At the same time, the buttstock, the guide rod, the tube sleeve and the housing with the closure head form a second assembly. so that the entire weapon can be disassembled as needed - for example, for transport or cleaning - in two parts. The preferably detachable at the touch of a button and thus without tools from the first assembly guide rod always remains in the tube sleeve of the second module, so that neither of the two weapon parts has protruding and thus disturbing elements. The weapon can be transported very easily with low packing dimensions and put together quickly at any time.

The locking device for locking the weapon may be formed in the region of the closure device or in the region of the linear guide.

The guide rod is formed at least partially tubular, which has a favorable effect on the weight of the weapon and increases the stability of the linear guide.

In a further embodiment it is provided that at least two guide rods are arranged parallel next to one another and / or one above the other. This also achieves an anti-rotation and an even more stable leadership.

The closure device is formed substantially axially symmetrical and / or rotationally symmetrical to the barrel axis. It also has to fix the closure head in the running radial and / or radially acting closure members, which are engageable by longitudinal movement of the barrel with corresponding closure elements in the running. For this purpose, the closure head is axially displaceable and / or rotatably mounted on a support formed coaxially to the running axis, which is arranged fixedly on or in the housing fixedly connected to the shaft.

The overall axisymmetric and / or rotationally symmetrical structure of the closure device, together with the longitudinally displaceable barrel, allows an extremely simple and compact construction of the weapon. In particular, the entire closure device can be realized with only a few parts, which - as well as the barrel itself - can be produced as simple turned parts. This not only has a favorable effect on the production costs. The weapon is quick to install and can always work reliably due to the relatively easy to implement movements. Wear and susceptibility are low.

Contribute to this also the radial or radially acting closure members, which can be brought by simple longitudinal movement of the barrel with the running end in engagement. The operation of outwardly projecting levers or the execution of separate manual or actuating movements is not necessary, which greatly simplifies the handling of the weapon.

Another advantage is that in the firing by the axially symmetric and / or rotationally symmetrical structure within the weapon neither tilting nor torques occur, which could affect the shot accuracy. The support of the barrel in the housing rather ensures an always optimal power flow along the barrel axis, wherein the recoil of the cartridge charge is transmitted directly from the barrel into the housing and from there via the shaft into the shoulder of the shooter.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the wording of the claims and from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. This shows a partial side sectional view of a firearm according to the invention.

In the Fig. 1 generally designated 10 firearm is designed as a multi-shotgun rifle. It has a shaft 11 with a buttstock 12, the rear has a rifle piston 13 and the front side in a (not shown) formed separately fore-end. Between the fore-end and the rifle piston 13 there is a pistol grip 15 which is integral with the buttstock 12 and which enables the convenient actuation of a trigger 16. The latter is firmly connected to the buttstock 12. He stands for the purpose of firing a shot (also not shown) tension and release mechanism with a cock in combination, which operates a (also not shown) firing pin.

Above the shaft 11, a gun barrel 30 is arranged, which is mounted relative to the rear shank 12 and the trigger 16 by means of a linear guide 20 in the axial direction A longitudinally displaceable. The linear guide 20 is formed by a rod 30 which can be coupled to the guide rod 21, which is guided parallel to the barrel axis A in a tube sleeve 25. This is embedded in the buttstock 12, which is provided for this purpose with a corresponding receptacle 14 which extends below a formed in the region of the pistol grip 15 thumb recess 17 parallel to the axis A.

The barrel 30 carries at its end a substantially tubular closure sleeve 33 with a threaded bore 37, into which the barrel 30 with its running end 32 is firmly screwed. In addition to the threaded bore 37, the sleeve 33 has a central recess 34 for receiving a closure head 41, which terminates during firing a end formed in the barrel 30 cartridge chamber and forms the abutment for a cartridge to be fired. For this purpose, a shock bottom 42 is introduced with an axial bore 43 for the firing pin frontally in the center of the closure head 41. A lateral (not shown) extractor claw and an eccentrically arranged, axially sprung (also not shown) ejector serve the ejection of the remaining after the shot cartridge case from the weapon 10. The ejection of the cartridge case takes place through an ejection window 145, which in the outer shell of the closure sleeve 33rd is trained.

The closure head 41 is part of a closure device 40, which in the present case is designed in the manner of a rotary cylinder closure. For this purpose, it carries radial sealing elements 60 in the form of an outer toothing, which can be brought into engagement with the corresponding closure elements 65 in the closure sleeve 33 by the longitudinal movement of the barrel 30 and a rotational movement of the closure head 41 coupled thereto. The latter has for this purpose in the inner circumference of a counter to the external teeth internal teeth, so that the weapon 30 is always closed safely at the moment of firing.

As Fig. 1 further shows, the closure head 41 is releasably secured to a cylindrical shaft 44 having a central step-shaped inner bore 45. So he sits limited axialverschieblich on a coaxial with the axis A of the barrel 30 formed cylindrical support 50. This is stationary fixed in a system housing 90, which is provided for this purpose with a suitable receptacle 91. A centric axial bore 52 in the carrier 50 receives the spring-loaded firing pin, which pierces the axial bore 43 in the closure head 41 for firing a shot with a tip.

The rear end of the closure sleeve 33 has concentric with the axis A to a thrust surface 38. This is in the closed position of the weapon 10 on the housing 90, which is provided with a corresponding stop surface 94. The open in the firing direction S housing 90 is positively inserted in the buttstock 12, so that a resulting moment of firing recoil force is transmitted directly to the housing 90 and thus to the buttstock 12.

The closure sleeve 33 of the barrel 30 is disposed above a bracket 70 which is fixedly connected to the sleeve 33, for example screwed. In the console 70, a magazine 130 is housed, the magazine box 132 is also firmly attached to the console 70. The magazine box 132 is designed to be open at the bottom for receiving a plug-in magazine (not shown) which receives the cartridges provided for reloading the bolt action bushing 10. At its front end 71, the console 70 carries a boom 72 which extends below the barrel 30 in the weft direction S. The forearm is attached to the boom 72.

The cross-sectionally round guide rod 21 of the linear guide 20 is tapered to be coupled to the barrel 30 at its front end 22 and inserted with this end 22 in the rear shaft 12 facing the rear end of the console 70. The latter is provided for this purpose with a recess 74, which the rod end 22 kraft- and / or positively receives. The determination of the guide rod 21 on the console 70 is carried out either by means of a detachable screw connection or - what the handling much easier - by means of a locking device, either automatically or via a (not shown) actuator, the guide rod 21 in the console 70 and in its recess 74 firmly locked.

The recessed in the buttstock 12, in cross-section also round tube sleeve 25 is screwed with its the barrel 30 facing the front end 26 into the housing 90. The latter is for this purpose provided with a corresponding recess 92 in which a suitable screw thread 93 is formed.

The inner circumference of the tube sleeve 25 is step-shaped, wherein a step 125 divides the tube sleeve 25 into a front region 27 and a rear region 28. The inner diameter of the front portion 27 corresponds to the outer diameter of the guide rod 21, so that it is always precisely guided within the tube sleeve 25 except for a slight play of movement. The rear portion 28 has a slightly larger diameter for receiving a plug 24 which is inserted into the rear end 23 of the guide rod 21, preferably screwed. The rod 21 is for this purpose at least partially provided with a core bore 121 and thus formed like a tube. An end introduced (unspecified) screw thread sets the plug 24 in the guide rod 21.

Its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the rear portion 28 of the tube sleeve 25 and larger than the inner diameter of the guide portion 27 in the tube sleeve 25. Thus, once the plug 24 is screwed into the guide rod 21, can these are no longer pulled forward from the tube sleeve 25. Their stage 125 thus forms an axial stop for the guide rod 21. On the plug 24 patch sealing rings 122 seal the linear guide 20 and at the same time serve as damping elements when the guide rod 21 abuts with its stopper 24 against the stop 125.

In the rear end 29 of the tube sleeve 25, a plug 121 is pressed or screwed. This has a central bore 129 with an internal thread. In this (not shown) from the rear shaft screw is screwed in, which is guided by a concentric with the receiving 14 axial bore 18 in the butt 12. The head of the shaft screw is on a shoulder 19 in the buttstock 12 a support, so that the screw pulls the tube sleeve 25 together with the housing 90 in the buttstock 12 and thus defines both the tube sleeve 25 and the housing 90 in the buttstock 12. Further fasteners are therefore not necessary. The space formed behind the axial bore 18 and the shoulder 19 in the rifle piston 13 (unspecified) is closed by a (also not shown) cover.

The locking device 80 (not described here in detail) for locking the weapon 10 is preferably formed in the region of the closure device 40.

It can be seen that the barrel 30, the sleeve 33, the forend, the console 70 and the magazine 130 form a first assembly B1, wherein all components are firmly connected to each other. In contrast, the butt shaft 12, the trigger 16, the guide rod 21, the tube sleeve 25 and the housing 90 with the closure head 41 form a second assembly B2. Both assemblies B1, B2 are on the one hand via the guide rod 21 detachably connected to each other and on the other by means of the linear guide 20 relative to each other movable, the gun barrel 30 rotatably between a defined by the axial stop 125 front and one of the stop surfaces 28, 94 defined rear stop position can glide back and forth. The rotation is ensured by the closure device 40, the closure head 41 never leaves the closure sleeve 33 of the barrel 30, but is always guided parallel to the linear guide 20 therein.

The guide rod 21 is detachably connected to the assembly B1. It therefore carries with compound weapon 10 both the barrel 30 and the forend, the console 70 and the magazine 130. At the same time, the weapon 10 can be disassembled at any time by simply loosening the interface 22, 72, the guide rod 21 always in the tube sleeve 25th remains, because the stop 125 prevents the guide rod 21 from slipping out. The latter can therefore be assigned both to the assembly B2 and also to the assembly B1. Of considerable advantage, however, is that, on the one hand, the interface 22, 72 is always easily accessible when the weapon is open. On the other hand remain on the separate modules B1, B2 no protruding components that could interfere with transport or even break.

Another important advantage of the weapon 10 according to the invention is that the magazine 130 is above the trigger 16 with the weapon closed, which significantly shortens the overall length of the weapon 10. If, however, the barrel 30 is moved over the forend into its front stop position, then the magazine 130 is freely accessible the trigger 16. The insert magazine can be quickly and conveniently removed and replaced.

As regards the further functional sequence, in particular concerning the closure device 40 or the locking device 80 is so on the German utility model DE-U1-203 19 451 whose content is fully referenced.

The invention is not limited to one of the above-described embodiments, but can be modified in many ways. Thus, the guide rod 21 may also have a polygonal cross-section and be guided in a corresponding pipe or sliding sleeve 25. Its guide portion 27 may be formed significantly longer, in particular until far into the rifle piston 13 inside. Depending on the size of the weapon 10, it may be appropriate to provide not only one but two or more guide rods 21, which are parallel to each other and / or one above the other in the buttstock 12 and / or in the housing 90 slidably guided. If necessary, the locking device 80 for locking the weapon 10 can also be formed in the region of the linear guide 20.

It can be seen, however, that in order to overcome the described disadvantages of the prior art, the longitudinal guide 20, 21, 25 for the fore-end assembly B1 in the buttstock (rifle piston 12) has been laid and that the linear guide 20 at least one coupled to the barrel 30 or coupling bare guide rod 21 which is slidably guided within the rear shaft 11. For this purpose, it is provided with a run-parallel longitudinal bore 14 which pierces the buttstock 12 axially below its thumb recess 17. In this a tubular sleeve 25 is preferably arranged, which serves as a "box or housing screw" for fixing the system box 90 on the buttstock 12. The bore 27, 28 of the tubular sleeve 25 serves at the same time for the longitudinally movable receiving the attached to the assembly B1 guide rod 21st

In a preferred embodiment, the guide rod 21 carries at its front end 22 in a console 70 integrated magazine box 132, on its upper side in turn the barrel 30 together with the system sleeve (closure sleeve 33) is arranged. This design allows the use of round rods and tubes as a guide linkage, since the otherwise conventional anti-rotation is ensured elegantly by the storage of the closure head 41 within the system sleeve 33.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A

Barrel axis, axial direction

B1, B2

module

S

weft direction

Z

closing direction

10

firearm

11

shaft

12

buttstock

13

rifle butt

14

admission

15

pistol butt

16

deduction

17

thumb rest

18

axial bore

20

linear guide

21

guide rod

22

front end

23

rear end

24

Plug

25

tubular sleeve

26

front end

27

front area / leadership

28

the backstage area

29

rear end

30

run

32

Ongoing

33

closure sleeve

34

recess

37

threaded hole

38

abutting face

40

closure device

41

bolt head

42

breech

43

axial bore

44

shaft

45

internal bore

50

carrier

52

axial bore

60

closure member

65

closure element

70

console

71

The End

72

boom

74

recess

80

locking device

90

casing

91

admission

92

recess

93

screw thread

94

stop surface

121

core drilling

122

seal

124

head

125

attack

130

magazine

132

Magazine box

145

ejection window

Claims (23)

1. Firearm (10, especially a single-shot or multi-shot repeating gun with a gun-stock (11), a barrel (30) lodged axially displaceable on or in a linear guiding (20) relative to the gun-stock, and in which is formed a chamber to receive a cartridge, a breech lock (40) with a locking button (41) to lock the chamber and beng axially fixable in the barrel end (32) keeping the chamber when locking the firearm (10), and with a locking device (80) to bar the firearm (10) in locking position, with the linear guiding (20) having at least one guide rod (21) connected or connectable to the barrel (30) and sliding-guided within the gun-stock (11), characterized in that the gun-stock (11) is sectioned into a buttstock (12) and a fore-end, with the guide rod (219 being slide-guided in the buttstock (12)
2. Firearm according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guide rod (21) runs parallel to the line of bore (A).
3. Firearm according to one of the Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the guide rod (21) has a substantially round or angular profile.
4. Firearm according to one of the Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide rod (21) is slide-guided in a tubular bushing (25).
5. Firearm according to Claim 4, characterized in that the tubular bushing (25) is arranged in the buttstock (12)
6. Firearm according to one of the Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one catch (125) is provided for the guide rod (21).
7. Firearm according to Claim 6, characterized in that the catch (125) is formed in and/or at the tubular bushing (25).

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