EP1540426B1 - Metronome - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1540426B1
EP1540426B1 EP03797138A EP03797138A EP1540426B1 EP 1540426 B1 EP1540426 B1 EP 1540426B1 EP 03797138 A EP03797138 A EP 03797138A EP 03797138 A EP03797138 A EP 03797138A EP 1540426 B1 EP1540426 B1 EP 1540426B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
movement
beat
metronome
display
light sources
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EP03797138A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1540426A1 (fr
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Michael Boxer
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
    • G04F5/02—Metronomes
    • G04F5/025—Electronic metronomes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a metronome for optically and / or acoustically indicating the tempo, the beat and the division of the beat of music pieces for musicians, dancers, choreographers, gymnasts and for the support of rhythm or rhythmic movements in general, such as for users of speech therapies, for athletes of all kinds, etc.
  • the conventional, by far the most widespread metronomes indicate the beat of a piece of music by means of a pendulum rod, which is pivotally hinged to a horizontal axis of a clockwork and can swing around this back and forth. It is powered by a spring-driven, wind-up clockwork.
  • a mass piece which can be moved on the pendulum rod in the vertical position makes it possible to change the moment of inertia of the pendulum rod so that the pendulum movement is adjustable in its frequency.
  • the movement causes a ticking or clicking sound, which resembles the sound of bats and thus indicates the turning points acoustically.
  • such a metronome still has a bell which is operated by a striking mechanism, which is also driven by the movement. Depending on the setting, the bell can be struck at every turning point, every second, every third, fourth or even every fifth turning point of the pendulum rod.
  • Such conventional metronomes may indicate optically and acoustically the timing with various adjustable frequencies, but they do not bring the user close enough naturally and close to the rhythm.
  • time intervals between the two turning points of the pendulum rod of the user is not or only poorly managed. He can only guess to some extent on the basis of the past, the temporal "location" of the next inflection point or acoustic shock, but is not introduced in a natural way.
  • US 5 515 764 discloses an electronic metronome for indicating the tempo that includes a display for optically indicating a motion that describes a pendulum-like arc. This metronome also has means for driving the display so that the optical movement reciprocates at an adjustable frequency.
  • WO03 / 052528 discloses an electronic metronome for indicating the tempo, characterized in that it includes a display for visual indication of a movement. This motion is one that describes a uniform linear trajectory from left to right and from right to left. Therefore, this motion is the horizontal projection of a parabola-like bow.
  • This metronome has means for driving the display so that the optical movement reciprocates at an adjustable frequency.
  • the object of the present invention is generally a Metronome to create, which primarily allows a better rhythmic guidance of the user, be it visually or acoustically or in combination with a visual and acoustic rhythm indication. Furthermore, the metronome should make different clock divisions acoustically displayable.
  • a third object of the invention is to realize with a metronome an interactivity which allows to selectively communicate with the user depending on the rhythm of his singing, playing or his way of movement, for example, to stop or accelerate his rhythm.
  • the display of the rhythm in each embodiment should be made more natural, that is to say, closer to the natural movement experience of man, be familiar and more appropriate than it is the oscillation of a pendulum rod.
  • a first object is achieved by a metronome according to claim 1.
  • a second object is achieved by a metronome for indicating the tempo, clock and the division of the clock of pieces of music or BeWe rhythms with a battery-powered voltage source or an electrical power supply, which is additionally characterized in that means are provided for selectively generating electrical sounds to dynamic acoustic marking of the turning points of the movement and the optional further acoustic subdivision of the time intervals between the turning points of the movement.
  • a third problem is solved by a metronome for specifying the In addition to the above, characterized in that it includes a display for optically indicating movement describing a parabola-like arc, and means for dividing the beat of musical pieces or movement rhythms with a battery-powered voltage source or an electrical mains connection Driving the display are present so that the optical movement reciprocates with adjustable frequency and / or that means are present for selectively generating electrical sounds for dynamic acoustic marking of the turning points of the movement and the optional further acoustic subdivision of the time intervals between the turning points the movement, as well as that a sensor and an electronic circuit with software for detecting acoustic pulses are present, by means of which an optical or acoustic rhythm indication in response to adjustable Vorlauf- and adjustable Hinc Klauftoleranzen recorded via the sensor rhythms is reproduced.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a metronome in a first embodiment. It consists of a housing 1, which optionally contains a battery as a voltage source or has an electrical power connection. On the front side, a number of discrete light sources 2 are arranged, along a row, so that this light source row 3 forms an arc. This sheet 3 forms here the display for visual display of a movement which describes a parchment-like bow. As you can see, this arch 3 is parabolic, with the parabola resembling a parabola or being identical to a parabola. The distances between the individual light sources 2 are different. From the bottom light sources, the gaps are increasingly reduced until the distances at the top of the parabola are minimal.
  • the distances are dimensioned such that at a stationary frequency, with which, starting with a lower end of the light source row, the discrete light sources 2 in turn light up, a running light is generated, which initially runs fast, towards the apex of the parabola increasingly slowing down to accelerate again after passing the vertex and being accelerated until reaching the other end of the parabola.
  • the running light therefore describes in principle exactly the movement of a throwing body in the vacuum of a gravitational field.
  • the choice of the distances between the individual light sources determines the acceleration, which acts on the running light, so the fictitious projectile. This pitch-parabolic movement of the chase corresponds to a natural movement that is inherently very familiar to each human being.
  • the time intervals, in the distance of which the light sources 2 of the arcuately arranged light source row illuminate successively, are constant.
  • the distances between the individual light sources are variable, as clearly seen in the drawing.
  • These are mathematically calculated on the basis of a parabola, and correspondingly the light sources 2 are arranged at different distances, so that the light sources 2 illuminating at constant time intervals produce a running light which decelerates in vertical direction during the upward movement from a constant negative acceleration and vice versa when moving down is accelerated with a constant positive acceleration.
  • For sequential driving of the light sources 2 on the series of these parabola are mechanical, electrical or electronic driving means belonging to the metronome.
  • control means may be a mechanical clock which, after each elapsed, constant but adjustable time interval, makes an electrical contact which respectively illuminates the next light source 2 in the row.
  • the means can also be carried out electrically, for example in the form of a Wagnerian hammer similar to an old house bell. The distance between the hammer and the electromagnet then determines the frequency.
  • the least expensive and most cost-effective design relies on an electronic circuit with or without a microprocessor.
  • Such an electronic circuit namely a microprocessor, could also readily have a data interface for driving other devices.
  • a sequencer, a computer or an electrical instrument with the same frequency or electrical signals generated therefrom can be triggered become.
  • the metronome can be controlled by other devices via this interface or data transmissions can be made, such as to load updates, new sounds, new presets or the like.
  • the light sources 2 are arranged along the sheet 3 at constant distances from each other. Nevertheless, in order to simulate a throw parabolic movement with the running light, the time intervals between the illumination of the light sources 2 against the apex of the parabola or the arc 3 are extended so that optically the running light is slowed down, and after passing through the vertex the running light becomes visually accelerated in the same way by the distances between the light sources are gradually shortened again, so that finally the same effect is achieved and the running light behaves optically the same or very similar to a jumping or elastic jumping ball.
  • This special control of the light sources after different time intervals is best provided by a microprocessor.
  • the higher frequency ie the time interval between the turning points of the running light
  • the running light jumps back and forth more or less quickly.
  • the impression of a trajectory of a body, recorded in slow motion gives the impression of a trajectory in fast motion at fast frequencies.
  • an acoustic tone is generated in each case electronically, which has a strong initial peak or swells up to such a tip and then decays rapidly, similar to a striking and somewhat elastically receding throwing ball.
  • FIG. 1 For example, a three-digit counter 4, each with a knob 5,6,7 to each of the three digits of the counter 4. Furthermore, you can see a separate counter 8 with associated knob 9. Below the parabolic arc 3 are five controllers 10-14 in the form of Sliders are shown, which are displaceable from a lower minimum position up to a local maximum position. At the top right there is an on / off switch 16. The commissioning of this metronome is now carried out as follows.
  • the running light starts to run along the arcuately arranged light sources 2 and then runs back and forth between the two-sided last light sources. It can now be set via the knobs 5,6 and 7, the number of stops per minute.
  • the knob 5 causes the setting of the hundreds, so about one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, etc. stops, these hundreds are displayed in the counter window 4 far left.
  • the knob 6 allows the setting of the tens and the knob 7, the setting of one.
  • the figure sets a strike rate of 146 per minute, which is usually 146 quarter notes per minute.
  • a specific time signature can be set.
  • the associated counter 8 indicates the value 4, which 4/4 time means.
  • the acoustic strength or the sound volume of this acoustic display can be regulated.
  • further beats can be acoustically displayed within a certain set clock by an acoustic sound is generated at the appropriate clock points.
  • the slider 11 sounds the first sixteenth notes of each quarter note, more or less loud depending on the shift position.
  • the slider 12 sounds the second sixteenth of each quarter note, the slider 13 the third sixteenth of each quarter note, the slider 14 the fourth sixteenth of each quarter note, and the slider 15 finally the second and third eighth triole of each quarter note.
  • buttons 5,6,7; 9 and 10-14 kicked each with a plus button for rising and a minus button for falling values.
  • the setting can also be done via fewer keys, for example, by providing a single liquid crystal display, which has a menu navigation, so that successively all desired values with a plus / minus button and set via a set function, for example in a E 2 -PROM ( E lectrical E rasable P rogramable R ead O nly M emory) can be stored.
  • the display for indicating the movement may be a liquid crystal display LCD on which the movement of a throwing body is graphically displayed. In this case, the metronome comes without light sources.
  • the starting point can be selected, ie whether the movement or the running light starts on the left or right.
  • the sounds superimposed on the movement or the chase can be adjusted in quality and volume.
  • the first beats of each bar can be audibly displayed. It can be selected whether the quarter note or eighth or even sixteenth note should be indicated acoustically. Intercaps as they are common in jazz music, can be displayed acoustically, about every eighth note as an intermediate beat, or every eighth-triplets individually or each semiquaver individually, etc.
  • various presets can be stored sequentially as a piece.
  • the count-in mode consists of a preset with n loops, for example 4 to 8 loops.
  • the metronome starts, the musician takes over the given tempo and the motronom then turns itself off after the defined number of bars.
  • the count-through mode consists of a preset with ⁇ loops. The metronome runs after power up until it is turned off by hand.
  • a modified count-through mode consists of presets that are assembled into one piece. The metronome plays the piece either continuously, once or a defined number of passes.
  • the metronome can also be realized in a purely acoustic version.
  • Even such an acoustic indication of the turning points can lead a user much more naturally in the rhythm.
  • a tone is synthetically generated, which for example acoustically simulates and / or accompanies the approach of a jumping or bouncing ball.
  • a sound reverberates after the impact of a ball.
  • a sound can be specified in advance of the beat and be changed in terms of sound or frequency or volume, so that you are acoustically guided to the time point of impact.
  • Such a metronome which leads the user purely acoustically, almost seamlessly and in a natural way, is especially advantageous if you have to focus your gaze on notes and not pay attention to a visual display.
  • the metronome with a microphone or a sensor in the form of a sensitive surface, which interacts with a pad or piezoelectric crystal as an electric pulse generator, be equipped, on which it can be given a rhythm or rhythmic one-time or one-time permanent tempo.
  • the intervals between the constantly input basic beats are measured and the tempo is determined, whereby the tolerance of deviation of the given frequency is adjustable. If strokes are outside the set tolerance or if no entry is made, the metronome will continue to run at a constant tempo based on the last valid tempo entry.
  • Interactivity may also allow errors to be detected through an external or internal microphone. For example, a tolerance may be entered as plus and / or minus, and the metronome will then check compliance with its default footfall by comparing the incoming signal from the microphone or sensor. The error can be displayed optically or acoustically. The musician can even be actively invited by the metronome to play slower or faster until he plays back in sync with the metronome. Inputs from the microphone that are after the first beat and before the second beat are acknowledged with "slower". entries After the first beat, which are received after the second stroke, they are answered with "faster". In a special mode, the measurement results can also be cumulated and specified at the end.
  • the metronome then continuously detects the user's deviation from the given rhythm by detecting the acoustic or mechanical signals generated by the user via the microphone or the sensor and continuously saving the deviations.
  • the metronome can then indicate, for example, in optical or acoustic form, the cumulative measurement result, namely, how many percent of the musicians played too fast or too slow compared to the given tempo, or how many strokes a user made compared to a given number of strokes.
  • this metronome allows unexpected operating variants. Its most important advantage, however, is to be seen in the fact that the user, thanks to the display of the clock by a riddle parabola-like back and forth movement much more natural, familiar and brought closer to a rhythm and then "guided along" him.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For Music (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement avec une source de tension assistée par pile ou une connexion électrique au réseau secteur, dans lequel le métronome inclut un afficheur pour la visualisation optique d'un mouvement, ledit afficheur étant aménagé de manière à décrire un arc (3) qui inclut un composant de mouvement horizontal et régulier ainsi qu'un composant de mouvement vertical et accéléré et de manière à décrire de ce fait un arc semblable à une parabole de projection, et dans lequel des moyens pour la commande de l'afficheur sont présents, lesquels sont aménagés de telle sorte que ce mouvement optique effectue un va-et-vient avec une fréquence réglable.
  2. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des moyens sont présents pour la génération électrique au choix des sons pour le marquage dynamique et acoustique des points de retour du mouvement et pour l'autre subdivision acoustique au choix des intervalles de temps entre les points de retour du mouvement, ainsi qu'en ce qu'un détecteur et un circuit électronique avec un logiciel pour la saisie des impulsions acoustiques sont présents, au moyen desquels une indication de rythme optique ou acoustique peut être redonnée en dépendance des tolérances réglables de marche avant et des tolérances réglables de marche arrière des rythmes enregistrés par l'intermédiaire du détecteur.
  3. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'afficheur inclut une série de sources de lumière discrètes (2) qui sont agencées le long d'un un arc semblable à une parabole de projection (3) et en ce que des moyens pour commander ces sources de lumière (2) sont présents, par l'intermédiaire desquels les sources de lumière (2) peuvent être commandées de telle sorte qu'elles génèrent une lumière mobile qui se déplace en va-et-vient le long de la série de sources de lumière avec une fréquence réglable et en outre en ce que des moyens sont présents pour la génération électrique au choix des sons pour le marquage acoustique des points de retour de la lumière mobile et de plus pour la subdivision acoustique au choix des intervalles de temps entre les points de retour de la lumière mobile.
  4. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les sources de lumière discrètes (2) qui se suivent consécutivement dans la série sont agencées à des distances différentes l'une par rapport à l'autre de telle sorte que, lors d'intervalles de temps constants entre l'allumage des sources de lumière individuelles (2), la trajectoire de projection (3) d'un corps peut être simulée optiquement, laquelle est soumise à une accélération négative en référence à la composante verticale du mouvement optique dans le déplacement ascendant et est soumise à une accélération positive lors du déplacement descendant alors que la composante horizontale du mouvement optique est uniforme.
  5. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les sources de lumière discrètes (2) qui se suivent consécutivement dans la série sont agencées à des distances constantes l'une par rapport à l'autre et de telle sorte que, lors de la commande l'une après l'autre des sources de lumière (2) qui se suivent consécutivement dans la série avec des intervalles de temps différents, une lumière mobile peut être générée, laquelle simule optiquement la trajectoire de projection (3) d'un corps et laquelle est soumise à une accélération négative en référence à la composante verticale du mouvement optique dans le déplacement ascendant et est soumise à une accélération positive lors du déplacement descendant alors que la composante horizontale du mouvement optique est uniforme.
  6. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour commander les sources de lumière (2) incluent un microprocesseur par l'intermédiaire duquel les sources de lumière (2) qui se suivent consécutivement dans la série peuvent être commandées avec de tels intervalles de temps qu'une lumière mobile peut être générée, laquelle simule optiquement la trajectoire de projection (3) d'un corps et laquelle est soumise à une accélération négative en référence à la composante verticale du mouvement optique dans le déplacement ascendant et est soumise à une accélération positive lors du déplacement descendant.
  7. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un afficheur de réglage (4 ; 8) avec des touches de saisie de programme (5 - 7 ; 9 ; 10 - 14) pour le réglage et l'indication du nombre de points de retour du mouvement ou de la lumière mobile par minute ainsi que le mode de la cadence et le type de subdivision acoustique de chaque cadence.
  8. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un mécanisme de comptage numérique à trois positions (4) pour le réglage et l'indication du nombre de points de retour de la lumière mobile par minute avec un bouton tournant séparé de saisie (5 - 7) ou une touche séparée plus/moins pour chaque position chiffrée et en ce qu'il présente en outre un bouton tournant de saisie (9) ou une touche plus/moins pour le réglage au choix d'un mode de cadence avec affichage numérique correspondant (8).
  9. Métronome pour l'indication de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que, suite à la saisie correspondante sur les touches de saisie du programme (5 - 7 ;9 ;10 - 14) commandées par microprocesseur du mouvement simulé optiquement, des sons acoustiques de différentes fréquences, des timbres acoustiques et des volumes sonores peuvent être superposés au choix de telle sorte qu'une tonalité peut être démarrée dont le volume sonore ou l'intensité augmente par l'intermédiaire du mouvement de la lumière mobile par l'intermédiaire des sources de lumière individuelles (2) de l'arc (3) ou augmente par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de celle-ci et atteint son maximum ou son point de gravité dès l'atteinte des sources de lumière extérieures de l'arc et décline ensuite.
  10. Métronome pour l'indication optique et acoustique de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9, caractérisé en ce que, pour la saisie des rythmes qui sont générés par l'utilisateur, il est possible d'entrer une tolérance symétrique ou asymétrique par rapport aux battements prescrits du métronome de telle sorte que, lors de leur dépassement par l'utilisateur, il est possible de reproduire des résultats de mesure cumulés optiquement ou acoustiquement par l'intermédiaire d'un afficheur ou d'un haut-parleur ainsi que des instructions pour accélérer ou ralentir le rythme de l'utilisateur.
  11. Métronome pour l'indication acoustique de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la dynamique du marquage acoustique peut être ajustée selon le timbre acoustique, la dureté des sons ainsi que selon une augmentation et une atténuation linéaire ou dynamique par l'intermédiaire de périodes de temps réglables avant et après le battement qui doit être indiqué.
  12. Métronome pour l'indication optique et acoustique de la vitesse, de la cadence et de la subdivision de la cadence des morceaux de musique ou des rythmes de mouvement selon l'une des revendications 2 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, au moyen d'un microprocesseur avec logiciel pour la saisie des rythmes, il est possible d'entrer une tolérance symétrique ou asymétrique par rapport aux battements prescrits du métronome de telle sorte que, lors de leur dépassement par l'utilisateur, il est possible de reproduire des résultats de mesure cumulés optiquement ou acoustiquement par l'intermédiaire d'un afficheur ou d'un haut-parleur ainsi que des instructions pour accélérer ou ralentir le rythme de l'utilisateur.
EP03797138A 2002-09-18 2003-09-15 Metronome Expired - Lifetime EP1540426B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH15772002 2002-09-18
CH15772002 2002-09-18
PCT/CH2003/000619 WO2004027524A1 (fr) 2002-09-18 2003-09-15 Metronome

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EP1540426A1 EP1540426A1 (fr) 2005-06-15
EP1540426B1 true EP1540426B1 (fr) 2010-09-08

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US (1) US7432433B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1540426B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4568605B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE480802T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003258442A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50313076D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004027524A1 (fr)

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WO2017079317A1 (fr) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-11 Konrad Meissner Métronome sensible au contact
US11921469B2 (en) * 2015-11-03 2024-03-05 Clikbrik, LLC Contact responsive metronome
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US10363472B2 (en) 2016-11-02 2019-07-30 Makenna Noel Bentley Training system and method for cuing a jumper on a jump over a crossbar
US10845765B2 (en) * 2017-12-15 2020-11-24 Drum Channel, Llc Metronome for improving musician's skill
CN109192010B (zh) * 2018-10-22 2020-12-29 安徽理工大学 一种大学数学教学抛物线演示教具
EP4445224A1 (fr) * 2021-12-12 2024-10-16 Globerman, Ziv Dispositif de métronome à rétroaction en temps réel et procédé associé

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Publication number Publication date
JP4568605B2 (ja) 2010-10-27
JP2006500556A (ja) 2006-01-05
WO2004027524A1 (fr) 2004-04-01
US7432433B2 (en) 2008-10-07
US20060101983A1 (en) 2006-05-18
EP1540426A1 (fr) 2005-06-15
AU2003258442A1 (en) 2004-04-08
DE50313076D1 (de) 2010-10-21
ATE480802T1 (de) 2010-09-15

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