EP1538059A1 - Light signal - Google Patents

Light signal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1538059A1
EP1538059A1 EP04090427A EP04090427A EP1538059A1 EP 1538059 A1 EP1538059 A1 EP 1538059A1 EP 04090427 A EP04090427 A EP 04090427A EP 04090427 A EP04090427 A EP 04090427A EP 1538059 A1 EP1538059 A1 EP 1538059A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
optical system
led
light
light signal
focal point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04090427A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1538059B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Liebscher
Dirk Zimmermann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1538059A1 publication Critical patent/EP1538059A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1538059B1 publication Critical patent/EP1538059B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/12—Visible signals
    • B61L5/18—Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders
    • B61L5/1809—Daylight signals
    • B61L5/1845—Optical systems, lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/69—Details of refractors forming part of the light source
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2207/00—Features of light signals
    • B61L2207/02—Features of light signals using light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

The signal unit consists of a lamp and a first optical system (3), and a second optical system (6) between the two. The focal point (9) of the second system mainly coincides with the light entry-sided focal point of the first system. The lamp is an LED unit, e.g. single LED with a focusing lens to form the second optical system, or an LED matrix (7) with a number of mainly similar LED modules (8), which define a mainly circular light surface.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Lichtsignal gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a light signal according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die nachstehenden Erläuterungen beziehen sich im Wesentlichen auf Leuchtzeichen oder Lichtsignale zur Darstellung von Signalbegriffen bei schienengebundenen Verkehrswegen, ohne dass der beanspruchte erfinderische Gegenstand auf diese Anwendung beschränkt sein soll.The following explanations essentially relate on illuminated signs or light signals for the representation of signal terms at rail-bound traffic routes, without that the claimed inventive subject matter to this application should be limited.

Bei bekannten Lichtsignalen wird als Leuchtmittel überwiegend eine Glühlampe verwendet, deren Licht mittels eines optischen Systems in einen definierten Raumwinkel gerichtet wird. Das optische System beinhaltet in der Regel Fresnellinsen oder asphärische Linsen, in deren lichteintrittsseitigem Brennpunkt die Glühwendel der Glühlampe angeordnet ist. Mit der Einführung neuartiger Leuchtmittel, insbesondere auf der Basis von LED (lichtemittierende Dioden) ergibt sich zunehmend die Notwendigkeit, Glühlampen durch modernere Leuchtmittel zu ersetzen. Problematisch dabei ist vor allem die optische Anpassung, da das vorhandene optische System auf die spezielle Abstrahlcharakteristik der Glühlampe abgestimmt ist. Moderne Leuchtmittel besitzen eine gänzlich andere Abstrahlcharakteristik, so dass der bloße Ersatz der Glühlampe, beispielsweise durch eine LED-Anordnung, mit Lichtverlusten in dem für die Darstellung des Signalbegriffs relevanten Raumwinkel verbunden ist. Um gleichwertige optische Eigenschaften des Lichtsignals zu gewährleisten, muss daher in der Regel das komplette optische System durch ein für das neue Leuchtmittel spezifisches optisches System ersetzt werden. In known light signals is predominant as the light source used an incandescent lamp whose light is emitted by means of an optical System is directed in a defined solid angle. The Optical system usually includes Fresnel lenses or aspherical lenses, in their light entry side focal point the filament of the incandescent lamp is arranged. With the Introduction of novel illuminants, especially on the basis of LED (light emitting diodes) arises increasingly the need to use incandescent bulbs through more modern bulbs replace. The main problem here is the optical adaptation, because the existing optical system on the special Radiation characteristic of the bulb is tuned. modern Illuminants have a completely different emission characteristic, so the mere replacement of the light bulb, for example by an LED arrangement, with light losses in the for the representation of the signal term relevant solid angle connected is. To obtain equivalent optical properties of As a rule, therefore, the light signal must be guaranteed complete optical system through one for the new bulb specific optical system to be replaced.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Lichtsignal der gattungsgemäßen Art anzugeben, das für Leuchtmittel unterschiedlicher Art die Weiterverwendung des vorhandenen optischen Systems ermöglicht.The invention is therefore based on the object, a light signal of the generic type indicate that for bulbs different kind of reuse of existing optical system allows.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Durch die Zwischenschaltung eines zweiten optischen Systems, das ein Abbild des Leuchtmittels im lichteintrittsseitigen Brennpunkt des vorhandenen optischen Systems erzeugt, ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, das Signalgehäuse samt bündelnder Optik ohne Qualitätseinbußen hinsichtlich des auszuleuchtenden Raumwinkels weiterzuverwenden. Es ist lediglich erforderlich, einen Großteil der von den neuen Leuchtmittel abgestrahlten Lichtmenge auf einen Brennpunkt zu fokussieren, der mit dem Brennpunkt des ersten optischen Systems übereinstimmt. Dieses zweite optische System kann eine einfache Sammellinse oder auch eine Fresnel-Platte sein, an die keine besonderen Qualitätsanforderungen gestellt werden müssen. Das qualitativ hochwertige erste optische System sorgt für die optimale Ausleuchtung des für die Sichtbarkeit des Signalbegriffes, insbesondere durch das Bedienungspersonal der schienengebundenen Verkehrsmittel, maßgeblichen Raumwinkels. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Weiterverwendbarkeit des ersten optischen Systems bei Eignung desselben für die Fernbereichs- und die Nahbereichsdarstellung von Signalbegriffen, d. h. bei Vorhandensein einer Spezialoptik, zum Beispiel am unteren Rand des ersten optischen Systems, zur Lichtstreuung nach unten, d. h. in Bodenrichtung.According to the invention the task with the characterizing Characteristics of claim 1 solved. Through the interposition a second optical system, which is an image of the illuminant in the light entry side focal point of the existing generated optical system, the possibility arises that Signal housing with bundling optics without loss of quality continue to be used with regard to the solid angle to be illuminated. It is only necessary to have a large part of the amount of light emitted by the new illuminant to one Focal point to focus with the focus of the first optical system coincides. This second optical system can be a simple condensing lens or even a Fresnel plate be, to which no special quality requirements have to be asked. The high quality first optical System ensures the optimal illumination of the for Visibility of the signal concept, in particular by the operating personnel the rail-bound transport, authoritative Solid angle. Particularly advantageous is the reusability the first optical system in the suitability of the same for long-range and short-range display of signal terms, d. H. in the presence of a special optics, for example, at the bottom of the first optical system, for light scattering down, d. H. in the direction of the ground.

Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist das neue Leuchtmittel eine LED-Anordnung. Häufig sollen Leuchtzeichen oder Lichtsignale, die bisher mit Glühlampen ausgestattet sind, auf der Basis von LED umgerüstet werden, da LED vergleichsweise preiswert, langlebig und lichtstark sind. Bekannte LED-Lichtsignale bestehen im Wesentlichen aus einer rasterartigen Anordnung mehrerer LED, welche jeweils mit einem Reflektor ausgestattet sind, wobei ein lichtbündelndes optisches Element und gegebenenfalls eine Frontscheibe vorgesehen sind. Das Optikelement muss dabei möglichst für unterschiedliche Anbringungs- und Beobachtungspunkte, Kurvenradien des Schienenweges und Erkennungsweiten geeignet sein. Um auf die Entwicklung und den Einbau derartiger Optikelemente verzichten zu können, ist erfindungsgemäß lediglich eine optische Anpassung auf das bewährte optische System für Glühwendel-Leuchtmittel vorgesehen. Dieses zur Anpassung dienende zweite optische System kann vergleichsweise einfach aufgebaut sein, da lediglich das Licht in einen Brennpunkt fokussiert werden muss und keine Berücksichtigung von Nah- und Fernbereich, Kurvenradien und anderen Parametern erforderlich ist.According to claim 2, the new light source is an LED array. Frequently, luminous signs or light signals, so far equipped with incandescent lamps, based on LED be re-equipped, since LED comparatively inexpensive, durable and are bright. Known LED light signals exist essentially of a grid-like arrangement of several LED, each equipped with a reflector, wherein a light-bundling optical element and optionally a windscreen are provided. The optical element must as possible for different mounting and Observation points, curve radii of the railway track and detection distances be suitable. To be on the development and the To dispense with installation of such optical elements is according to the invention just a visual adaptation to the proven optical system for filament lamps provided. This second optical system serving for adaptation can be relatively simple, since only the Light must be focused in one focus and no Consideration of near and far range, curve radii and other parameters is required.

Die LED-Anordnung nach Anspruch 2 kann dabei gemäß Anspruch 3 eine einzelne LED mit fokussierender Linse, welche das zweite optische System bildet, sein.The LED arrangement according to claim 2 can according to claim 3 a single LED with focusing lens, which is the second optical system forms.

Gemäß Anspruch 4 kann aber auch eine LED-Matrix zur Bildung einer vorgegebenen Abstrahlfläche mit mehreren LED-Modulen bestückt sein. Vorzugsweise enthält jedes Modul eine bestimmte Anzahl einzelner LED, die derart verschaltet sind, dass ein Sicherheitskonzept bezüglich LED-Ausfall realisierbar ist. Außerdem kann jedes LED-Modul mit einem eigenen Optikelement ausgestattet sein. Die Gesamtheit der Optikelemente aller LED-Module der LED-Matrix bilden dann das erfindungsgemäße zweite optische System. Die LED-Module samt Optikelementen sind bevorzugt in einem Gehäuse untergebracht, welches in der Nähe der Lichtaustrittsfläche in einer Matrixplatte dichtend eingesetzt ist. Die LED können beispielsweise entsprechend der Module gruppenweise auf einer Platine angeordnet sein und gemeinsam bestromt werden. Weitere konstruktive Maßnahmen können zur Berücksichtigung der Betriebsparameter der LED, beispielsweise hinsichtlich der Temperierung, vorgesehen sein. Ein Optimum bezüglich Lichtleistung, Ausnutzung und Lebensdauer liegt bei einem Betriebszustand etwas unterhalb der empfohlenen Werte. Unter solchen Bedingungen verbessert sich - im Gegensatz zur Glühlampe - auch die relative Lichtausbeute, d. h. die Helligkeit je eingesetzter Leistungseinheit.However, according to claim 4, an LED matrix for forming a given radiating surface with several LED modules be equipped. Preferably, each module contains a specific one Number of individual LEDs connected in such a way that a security concept regarding LED failure feasible is. In addition, each LED module with its own optical element be equipped. The totality of the optical elements All LED modules of the LED matrix then form the inventive second optical system. The LED modules including optical elements are preferably housed in a housing which in sealing the vicinity of the light exit surface in a matrix plate is used. The LED can, for example, accordingly the modules arranged in groups on a circuit board be and be energized together. Further constructive measures can take into account the operating parameters of LED, for example, with regard to the temperature, provided be. An optimum in terms of light output, utilization and service life is at an operating state slightly below the recommended values. Under such conditions improves - in contrast to the incandescent lamp - the relative light output, d. H. the brightness of each power unit used.

Als moderne Leuchtmittel, die für den Glühlampenersatz infrage kommen, können gemäß Anspruch 4 auch flächige Leuchtelemente, beispielsweise auf der Basis organischer LED, vorgesehen sein. Auch für diese - wie für jegliche weitere denkbare Leuchtmittel, beispielsweise auf Lichtleiterbasis - ist durch den Einsatz einer Lichtbündeloptik, die keine Abbildungsqualität aufweisen muss, die Weiterverwendung der Hauptoptik ermöglicht.As modern bulbs, the question for the bulb replacement come, can according to claim 4 and flat lighting elements, for example, based on organic LED provided be. Also for these - as for any other conceivable Illuminant, for example, on fiber optic basis - is through the use of a Lichtbündeloptik that no image quality must have the reuse of the main optics allows.

Nahfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand figürlicher Darstellungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines herkömmlichen Glühlampen-Signals und
Figur 2
ein Signalaufbau mit LED-Matrix.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to figurative representations. Show it:
FIG. 1
the basic structure of a conventional light bulb signal and
FIG. 2
a signal structure with LED matrix.

In Figur 1 ist das Funktionsprinzip eines Glühlampensignals nach dem Stand der Technik veranschaulicht. Die Glühwendel 1 einer Glühlampe 2 ist dabei im Brennpunkt eines optischen Systems 3 der Brennweite f1 angeordnet. Charakteristisch für die Glühwendel 1 ist ein Strahlungskegel 4, dessen Öffnungswinkel den Durchmesser und die optische Achse 5 des optischen Systems 3 bestimmt. Das optische System 3 ist dabei üblicherweise für Fresnel- und/oder asphärische Linsenform derart berechnet, dass sich eine hohe Lichtintensität für den Fernbereich und für den schräg nach unten gerichteten Nahbereich ergibt, wobei standortspezifische Parameter, wie beispielsweise der Gleisradius am Aufstellungsort, berücksichtigt sind.In Figure 1 is the principle of operation of a light bulb signal illustrated in the prior art. The filament 1 an incandescent lamp 2 is at the focal point of an optical Systems 3 of the focal length f1 arranged. Characteristic of the filament 1 is a radiation cone 4, whose opening angle the diameter and the optical axis 5 of the optical Systems 3 determines. The optical system 3 is usually calculated for Fresnel and / or aspherical lens shape such that has a high light intensity for the long range and for the obliquely down close range yields, where site-specific parameters, such as the track radius at the site are.

Um dieses hochwertige optische System auch für andere Leuchtmittel anstelle der Glühwendel 1 verwenden zu können, ist ein zweites optisches System 6 in Form eine fokussierenden Linse vorgesehen, wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich. Das Licht einer LED-Matrix 7, die mit mehreren LED 8 bestückt ist, wird durch dieses zweite optische System 6 der Brennweite f2 auf einen Brennpunkt 9 fokussiert, der mit dem Brennpunkt des ersten optischen Systems 3 und damit mit der Glühwendellage in Figur 1 übereinstimmt. Auf diese Weise wird durch das vorgelagerte zweite optische System 6 im Brennpunkt 9 quasi ein glühwendelartiger Lichtfleck erzeugt, der mittels des übernommenen ersten optischen Systems 3 in den gewünschten Fernbereich und mittels eines angedeuteten Linsensegmentes 10 in den Nahbereich gestreut wird.To this high-quality optical system also for other bulbs to use instead of the filament 1 is a second optical system 6 in the form of a focusing lens provided, as shown in Figure 2 can be seen. The light of an LED matrix 7, which is equipped with multiple LED 8 is through this second optical system 6 of the focal length f2 to a Focused focus 9, with the focus of the first optical system 3 and thus with the glow plug layer in FIG 1 matches. This way, by the upstream second optical system 6 in the focal point 9 quasi a filament-like Light spot generated by means of the acquired first optical system 3 in the desired long range and by means of an indicated lens segment 10 in the vicinity is scattered.

Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf das vorstehend angegebene Ausführungsbeispiel. Vielmehr ist eine Anzahl von Varianten denkbar, welche auch bei grundsätzlich anders gearteter Ausführung von den Merkmalen der Erfindung Gebrauch machen.The invention is not limited to the above Embodiment. Rather, it is a number of variants conceivable, which also with fundamentally different kind Execution of the features of the invention make use.

Claims (5)

Lichtsignal mit einem Leuchtmittel und einem ersten optischen System (3), insbesondere zur Darstellung von Signalbegriffen bei schienengebundenen Verkehrswegen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Leuchtmittel und dem ersten optischen System (3) ein zweites optisches System (6) angeordnet ist, dessen Brennpunkt (9) im Wesentlichen mit dem lichteintrittsseitigen Brennpunkt des ersten optischen Systems (3) übereinstimmt.Light signal with a light source and a first optical system (3), in particular for displaying signal terms in rail-bound traffic routes,
characterized in that between the lighting means and the first optical system (3), a second optical system (6) is arranged, the focal point (9) substantially coincides with the light entry side focal point of the first optical system (3). Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Leuchtmittel als LED-Anordnung ausgebildet ist.Light signal according to claim 1,
characterized in that the lighting means is designed as an LED arrangement. Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die LED-Anordnung aus einer einzelnen LED besteht, die eine fokussierende Linse als zweites optisches System aufweist.Light signal according to claim 2,
characterized in that the LED array is a single LED having a focusing lens as a second optical system. Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die LED-Anordnung als LED-Matrix (7) mit einer Mehrzahl im Wesentlichen gleichartiger LED-Module, die eine im Wesentlichen kreisförmige Abstrahlfläche definieren, ausgebildet ist. Light signal according to claim 2,
characterized in that the LED array is formed as an LED matrix (7) having a plurality of substantially similar LED modules defining a substantially circular radiating surface. Lichtsignal nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Leuchtmittel als im Wesentlichen kreisförmige Leuchtfläche, insbesondere auf der Basis organischer LED, ausgebildet ist.Light signal according to claim 1,
characterized in that the luminous means is designed as a substantially circular luminous surface, in particular on the basis of organic LED.
EP04090427A 2003-12-05 2004-11-09 Light signal Not-in-force EP1538059B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10358053A DE10358053A1 (en) 2003-12-05 2003-12-05 light signal
DE10358053 2003-12-05

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EP1538059A1 true EP1538059A1 (en) 2005-06-08
EP1538059B1 EP1538059B1 (en) 2006-07-26

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US (1) US20050122719A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1538059B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1624376A (en)
AT (1) ATE334031T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10358053A1 (en)

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WO2011023479A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Light signal
EP2202458A3 (en) * 2008-12-26 2011-09-07 Phoenix Electric Co., Ltd. Light emitting device
WO2011157597A1 (en) * 2010-06-16 2011-12-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Light signal
EP2163455A3 (en) * 2008-09-15 2015-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Light signal

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DE102009039703A1 (en) * 2009-08-31 2011-03-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft light signal
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EP2163455A3 (en) * 2008-09-15 2015-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Light signal
EP2202458A3 (en) * 2008-12-26 2011-09-07 Phoenix Electric Co., Ltd. Light emitting device
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10358053A1 (en) 2005-07-14
US20050122719A1 (en) 2005-06-09
DE502004001032D1 (en) 2006-09-07
CN1624376A (en) 2005-06-08
EP1538059B1 (en) 2006-07-26
ATE334031T1 (en) 2006-08-15

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