EP1529928B1 - Umweltfreundlicher druckgasbetriebener Kreiskolbenmotor mit seinem thermodynamischen Kreislaufprozess - Google Patents

Umweltfreundlicher druckgasbetriebener Kreiskolbenmotor mit seinem thermodynamischen Kreislaufprozess Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1529928B1
EP1529928B1 EP04090285A EP04090285A EP1529928B1 EP 1529928 B1 EP1529928 B1 EP 1529928B1 EP 04090285 A EP04090285 A EP 04090285A EP 04090285 A EP04090285 A EP 04090285A EP 1529928 B1 EP1529928 B1 EP 1529928B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
working medium
unit
pressurized
working
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP04090285A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1529928A1 (de
Inventor
Klaus Herrmann
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Priority to PL04090285T priority Critical patent/PL1529928T3/pl
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cold air engine system with a pressurized gas piston engine for operating stationary or mobile power machines and pneumatic tools and devices by means of compressed gas, is stored in a circulatory process in a cold-insulated tank in the cold liquid state, the environmental heat on the evaporation of the working medium in Tank generates a gas pressure and the liquid working fluid passed into an evaporator and out of this in the gaseous state for further heating in an expander unit with a firing unit and the gaseous working fluid flows countercurrently through the first recuperator of the firing unit and then cools the outer walls of the heater of the expander unit, expended from the expander unit working fluid expands into an engine and excess working fluid is discharged from the engine via an exhaust and Schalldämpfefread in the environment.
  • compressed air As a working medium for the operation of pneumatic tools and equipment and for power machines.
  • compressed air and compressed gas engines known as rotary piston engines, gear motors, screw motors, vane motors and air turbines.
  • the compressed air technology is considered to be very robust, reliable and compact.
  • the compressed air and gas engines characterized by the low density of air and gases, characterized by a very good quick start behavior.
  • the continuous and unlimited availability of the working media air and gas from the atmosphere and their storability make the compressed air storage technology interesting for applications for the storage of regenerative energies.
  • compressed air storage are known, which supply a compressed air fluid to a turbine that generates electricity via a generator.
  • a vehicle drive which relates its working fluid from a memory for compressed air and drives passenger cars. Its radius of action should amount to about 200 km, whereby 300 l of compressed air at 300 bar are required. To improve the range of action is provided to equip the motor vehicle additionally with a gasoline tank to allow outside the cities by the driver switching from compressed air drive to conventional drive to reduce emissions in densely populated areas of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines considerably. Disadvantage of this vehicle drive is the high power requirement for the generation of compressed air storage mass of up to 65kw for 200 km of driving distance. In addition, expensive engine technology is required to cope with the explosion (combustion heat) and expansion (cold) of the compressed air and to ensure sufficient service life for the engine.
  • An evaporator receives working medium through a combustion unit of state-of-the-art fuel and condensing technology. In a low-emission combustion, the water evaporates, is converted into hot gas and drives a reciprocating engine with a crankshaft gearbox. The steam is liquefied again via a condenser and returned to the circuit.
  • a working medium natural gas, gasoline, diesel, or biodiesel can be used.
  • a disadvantage is the high Exergielag in the evaporation of working fluid and fuel medium and the energy required for the crankshaft of the engine with two dead centers per operation.
  • the prior art is also associated with the fuel cell technology.
  • This technique requires hydrogen as the working medium.
  • This is produced on the one hand from fossil fuels and on the other hand from methanol.
  • the exhaust product is water gas.
  • Disadvantages of this combustion process is that hydrogen is explosive and consumes a lot of primary energy.
  • the production of hydrogen from fossil fuels causes environmental pollution and the production of methanol uses a lot of biomass.
  • the exhaust gas product water gas is a greenhouse gas and has a lasting negative impact on the environmental climate. All regenerative energy converters have the great disadvantage that the energy conversion subject to large fluctuations, which result from the natural conditions. Wind power plants and fossil power plants, for example, must to a great extent use the energy generated as control energy. If this is not possible, the energy actually absorbed or converted will be released unused into the environment.
  • DE 201 15 657 U1 will be the same system as in the DE 199 11 321 A1 disclosed with an additional electrical and mechanical heat source as an energy converter.
  • the working medium is liquid air or nitrogen.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is the high consumption of liquid air or nitrogen.
  • a reduction of consumption by an additional heat source is consumed by the energy required to produce the working media again.
  • the DE 202 14 238 V1 discloses a solution that delivers 100% of the used working fluid into the engine. Although the solution in the form of an open circuit requires less technical effort, but for a significant tank volume and a lot of electrical energy for the production of liquid air or nitrogen.
  • the invention discloses a force system comprising a thermally insulated storage container, the liquid working fluid stores, for example, liquid nitrogen, the liquid medium is to be pumped by means of a feed pump in the working cycle but first in one or more evaporators and converted there into a gaseous working medium, via a or several heat exchangers, the working fluid should be heated to at least 200 ° C above the critical temperature, passed into a heat storage and further heated.
  • the solution also provides to produce in the heat storage of salts or salt mixtures by heating and liquefaction working medium. The heating should be done from the heat of exhaust gases or by electric energy.
  • the working medium produced from renewable and regenerative energy sources should be generated outside of a cylinder chamber, temporarily stored in the liquid and gaseous state and be immediately retrievable and can be used in a closed and partially closed cycle process.
  • the structural design of the working piston of the engine according to the invention is particularly noteworthy.
  • the hemispherical and vertically divided working piston which have a double working surface for the working medium on the expansion side and whose hemisphere shape adapts to the shape of the spherical pressure distributor, namely the result that the working surface of the working piston again by 1.5 times a plan to enlarge workspace.
  • the piston pairs according to the invention are, according to claim 4, are advantageously held together with a plurality of permanent or electromagnets until the lava pressure is reached in the diffuser unit.
  • the pairs of pistons fly apart in a circular path and the magnets pull together the pairs of pistons after the displacement stroke.
  • the pressure storage vessel via a first expansion and volume unit with the mixed cooling of the expansion unit, via the third pressure-controlled line with the expander unit, via a second clutch and the first compressor with. a mechanical drive part and is connected via a fourth line to the third compressor, whereby all converted into working medium excessively generated mechanical, thermal and kinetic energy in the accumulator between storage and are retrievable from this in the working cycle.
  • the mechanical drive part By the construction of the mechanical drive part, according to claim 6, with a freewheel flywheel, a clutch with a first gear and at least one coil spring which mechanically drives the first compressor via a second clutch and the first compressor and a first clutch and a motor, be operated by the freewheel the pressurized gas piston engine without idling and assigns a direction of rotation oscillating piston pairs working direction, all occurring during a delay momentarily occurring moments of inertia from mechanical to thermal and potential energies are converted via the working cycle the pressurized gas piston engine as a working fluid and from this again converted into useful energy.
  • the coil spring stores and converts potential energy into rotary motion.
  • gaseous working fluid via the expansion unit, the third volume control valve and a subsequent expansion valve in a mixed cooling an air conditioning unit is passed, the pressure equalization by the Druck arrivedkessesl or the tank can be produced and the second expansion and volume unit Rooms are air-conditioned, without the pressure gas piston engine must work.
  • system can be connected in accordance with claim 9 by the expander unit via a first volume-controlled controlled system with a heating unit through the rooms, such as the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, are heated without the pressurized gas piston engine must work.
  • the coupling of the cold air engine system with a photovoltaic system comprising a first inverter, a battery and a second inverter, via the motor and the third compressor, via the second pressure-controlled system with a gas liquefaction, comprising a third recuperator, a fourth recuperator, a second expansion valve, a first return line and a second return line.
  • a gas liquefaction comprising a third recuperator, a fourth recuperator, a second expansion valve, a first return line and a second return line.
  • the third compressor is to be driven via the first clutch and the second clutch, whereby gaseous working fluid can be liquefied with regenerative energy sources, storable in storages and supplied to the compressed-gas piston engine by which energy forms such as electric energy, heat, cold, fuel and mechanical energy can be generated ,
  • the Kalt Kunststoffmototsystem process in the partially closed working cycle working medium such as air and nitrogen.
  • working medium such as air and nitrogen.
  • gases and vapors such as helium, carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, alcohols and organic refrigerants
  • Fig.1 is a device according to the invention for operating a preferably mobile pressure gas piston engine, such as a motor vehicle, represented by means of compressed gas.
  • the device has, for example, a cold-insulated tank 1, a first volume control valve 2, an evaporator 3, an expansion unit 4, a second full-volume control valve 5, a pressure relief valve 6, a first pressure control valve 7, a second pressure control valve 8, a first expansion valve 9, a first conduit 10 , a first compressor 11, a third pressure regulating valve 12, and a fourth pressure regulating valve 13, a compressed gas storage boiler 14, first and second recuperators 15 and 16, an expander unit 17, a second conduit 18, a first diffuser 19, a first pressure distributor 20, a Fuel unit 21, a pressure control unit 22, a volume control unit 23, a pulse unit 24, a second pressure distributor 25, a second and third diffuser 26, a third spherical pressure distributor 27, an engine cylinder 28, at least one pair of pistons 29 and 30, motor shafts 31, 32, magnets 33rd , a pressurized gas piston
  • the working fluid is added before being fed into the working cycle, according to Fig.2 stored in the cold-insulated tank 1 in the cold, liquid state.
  • Working medium for example LPG
  • the evaporator 3 is system-tightly integrated in the expansion unit 4 and serves to convert the liquefied gas into pressurized gas.
  • gaseous working fluid is adjusted via the first expansion valve 9 and the second pressure control valve 8 and via the first line 10, which is preferably a suction line, led to the compressor 11.
  • a controlled forced flow in the form of compression shocks is possible, whereby the working pressure and the operating temperature of the gaseous working medium continue to increase and the, about the firing unit 21 and the heater of the expander unit 17, heated working fluid expands by a multiple of its volume.
  • the pressure control unit 22, the volume control unit 23 and the pulse unit 24 are connected to the second pressure distributor 25 and the second and third diffusers 26, which are directly opposed to the expansion chambers of the engine 34, preferably a rotary piston engine.
  • the gaseous working medium is conducted from the second pressure distributor 25 via the second and third diffusers 26 into the third spherical pressure distributor 27, which is fixedly connected to the engine cylinder 28.
  • the impulse countercurrent of the compressed gas via the third spherical pressure distributor 27 is a compression shock in the amount of 1.3 2 times the kinetic, the thermal and potential energy of the working pressure of the second and third diffuser 26 generates.
  • a pair of rotary pistons 29, 30 is fixedly connected to the motor shafts 31 and 32.
  • the motor shafts run gas-tight under the third spherical pressure distributor 27 and, together with the pair of pistons 29, 30, absorb the expansion energy of the pressure distributor 27.
  • the entire energy absorbed by the piston pair 29, 30 of the working medium compressed gas is now converted into mechanical energy with a large lever arm and without dead center.
  • pair of pistons 29, 30, is preferably a pair of rotary piston and divided centrally and vertically.
  • the piston pair 29, 30 has by this division over two Work surfaces, one expansion surface and one displacement surface, resulting in a total of a double working surface is available, which can be enlarged by 1.5 times on both sides by the displacement process during expansion.
  • the pressurized gas piston motor 34 is also equipped with a plurality of permanent magnets 33. After each compression stroke of the spherical pressure distributor 27 until reaching the lava pressure of the second and third diffuser 26 and the circular divergence, the pair of pistons 29, 30 contracted again firmly after the displacement process.
  • the expansion chamber of the Druckluftnikbenmotors 34 with the parallel on the motor shafts 31, 32 running piston pair 29, 30 is connected via the first nozzle 36 to the second compressor 37.
  • the working medium is pushed by the piston pair 29, 30 of the pressure gas piston motor 34 on the suction side of the second compressor 37 and pushed over the first nozzle 36 in the second compressor 37 and pressed via the first nozzle 36 in the second compressor 37.
  • Fig.2 is biased in the second compressor 37, the excess working medium from the pneumatic circuit piston motor 34 again and pushed through the second nozzle 39 into the mixing cooling the expansion unit 4, from which it is directly conveyed in the circulation process, or via the first expansion and volume unit 45 in the compressed gas storage vessel 14 stored and returned from there into the circulation process.
  • To the air piston engine 34 is, after Figure 3 , also connected to the exhaust and muffler unit 35, on the first part of the working medium, which reaches the air piston engine 34 with a pressure above 2 bar, is discharged at a temperature of about 7 ° C and without pollutants into the environment.
  • excess accumulating working fluid can, after Fig.2 and Figure 3 in that the heating unit 41 is supplied from the expander unit 17 via the first controlled system 42, wherein the cooled working medium returned from the heating unit 41 can be returned to the expansion unit 4. Also excess working fluid from the expander unit 17 via the third line 46 in the compressed gas storage tank 14 and from this for reuse in the circulation process can be conducted. Excess working fluid from the evaporator 3 of the expansion unit 4th can also be passed through the third valve 43 and another expansion valve in the air conditioning unit 44, from where the working fluid can air-condition a room. In the air conditioning unit 44 excess accumulating working fluid is traceable in the Kreisslaufprozeß.
  • the device according to the invention can, after Figure 3 to be supplied with working medium.
  • the fuel unit 21 by means of the control circuit 40, with a controlled and controlled oxidation of biomass and a pollution-free combustion is feasible to supply in addition oxygen-enriched, preheated working medium.
  • the inventive device When empty expansion unit 4, the inventive device, according to Fig.1 , Further, via a unit 68, which is formed from a compressed air filter and a suction line, sucking air from the atmosphere, pass through the first line 10 and the first compressor 11 in the compressed air storage tank 14, there removed in a separator 69 of water and pollutants be supplied as a gaseous working medium via a first expansion and volume control unit 45 of the expansion unit 4 and thus the circulation process.
  • the photovoltaic system has, for example, a third compressor 47, a pressure-controlled second controlled system 48, a third recuperator 49, a fourth recuperator 50, a second expansion valve 51, a first return line 52, a second return line 53, a pressure-controlled fifth line 54, a first inverter 55, a second inverter 57, a battery 56, a motor 58 and a mechanical clutch 59 on.
  • the inventive device can produce working medium.
  • liquid gas can also be produced from night stream or from a fuel cell, for example during the life of a motor vehicle in the garage.
  • the first inverter 55 is fed from one of the regenerative power sources. In the battery 56, the energy is stored chemically and regulated from there via the second inverter 57.
  • the motor 58 drives the third compressor 47. Via the first mechanical clutch 59, the engine can also drive the first compressor 11.
  • the working medium is, after Fig.1 and Fig.2 in the third compressor 47 pre-cooled by the atmosphere.
  • the still very warm working fluid with a temperature of 340 K can therefore be further pre-cooled, for example, by the cooling water of the heating unit 41, passed through the fourth Recuperator 50 and further cooled by the first return line 52 to about 110 K.
  • the thus cooled working fluid is partially liquefied via the second expansion valve 51 and passed into the tank 1.
  • the excess of cold working fluid via the second return line 53, a third non-return valve, the second pressure control valve driven the first expansion valve 9 regulated in the expansion unit 4.
  • a mechanical drive part 61 can be seen, which is connected to the engine 34.
  • the mechanical drive part 61 preferably has a freewheel 62, a flywheel 63, a mechanical energy conversion unit 65 with a clutch 64, a first transmission and one or more coil spring, a second transmission 66 and a third change gear 67.
  • the flywheel 63 is then directly connected to the energy conversion unit 65 and thus to the first gear and the coil spring.
  • the coil spring potential energy is stored and converted via the second gear 66 in rotary motion and thus in locomotion.
  • a further mechanical clutch 60 is arranged.
  • the device according to the invention can process helium, carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, alcohols, environmentally friendly organic refrigerants and hydrocarbons by oxidizing biomass as the working medium.
  • the engine 34 is closed via the exhaust and muffler unit 35 and the expansion unit 4 is set from mixed cooling to two separate systems. So one of the listed working media can be used in a closed cycle process. The use of air and nitrogen as a working medium is only possible as an open cycle process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
EP04090285A 2003-11-04 2004-07-21 Umweltfreundlicher druckgasbetriebener Kreiskolbenmotor mit seinem thermodynamischen Kreislaufprozess Expired - Lifetime EP1529928B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL04090285T PL1529928T3 (pl) 2003-11-04 2004-07-21 Przyjazny dla środowiska silnik z tłokiem obrotowym na gaz sprężony oraz jego termodynamiczny obieg

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10352520A DE10352520B4 (de) 2003-11-04 2003-11-04 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer stationären oder mobilen Kraftmaschine mittels Druckgas und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE10352520 2003-11-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1529928A1 EP1529928A1 (de) 2005-05-11
EP1529928B1 true EP1529928B1 (de) 2009-01-21

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EP04090285A Expired - Lifetime EP1529928B1 (de) 2003-11-04 2004-07-21 Umweltfreundlicher druckgasbetriebener Kreiskolbenmotor mit seinem thermodynamischen Kreislaufprozess

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EP (1) EP1529928B1 (pt)
AT (1) ATE421633T1 (pt)
DE (2) DE10352520B4 (pt)
DK (1) DK1529928T3 (pt)
ES (1) ES2320762T3 (pt)
PL (1) PL1529928T3 (pt)
PT (1) PT1529928E (pt)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005039993A1 (de) * 2005-05-07 2006-11-09 Klaus Herrmann Alternatives, umweltfreundliches Energiewandelsystem mit einem Rotationskreiskolbenmotor
DE102006062741B4 (de) * 2006-05-05 2011-06-16 Herrmann, Klaus Verfahren zur Gewinnung, Speicherung und Aufbereitung von flüssigen Arbeitsmitteln und ein Verfahren zur Nutzung der Arbeitsmittel über einem Rotationsschwenkkolbenmotor
EP2236822A1 (de) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 Werner Hermeling Verfahren zur bedarfsabhängigen Regelung und Glättung der elektrischen Ausgangsleistung eines Energie-Wandlers sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens
DE102013009537A1 (de) * 2013-05-10 2014-11-13 Johannes Schmitz Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Gewinnen von Strom, Gebäude mit Exergie, Verfahren zum Reduzieren einer Stoffbelastung, Verfahren zum Führen von Luft in einem Wohngebäude, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpen Anordnung, Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zum Kühlen eines Gebäudes, Verfahren zum Erwärmen von Brauchwasser

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3987632A (en) * 1970-02-27 1976-10-26 Pereda Eugene F Liquid air engine
US3786631A (en) * 1971-09-23 1974-01-22 L Manning Nitrogen vapor engine
GB1481682A (en) * 1973-07-12 1977-08-03 Nat Res Dev Power systems
US4291232A (en) * 1979-07-09 1981-09-22 Cardone Joseph T Liquid powered, closed loop power generating system and process for using same
CA1152563A (en) * 1980-04-28 1983-08-23 Max F. Anderson Closed loop power generating method and apparatus
DE4304688A1 (de) * 1993-01-05 1994-07-07 Rauscher Georg Niedertemperatur-Wärmekraftmaschine Niedertemperaturmotor (NTM), Fahrzeuge und Arbeitsmaschinen mit NTM
DE19524171A1 (de) * 1995-07-03 1997-01-09 Rauscher Georg Niedertemperaturmotor (NTM), Tieftemperaturmotor (TTM) bzw. Kältekraftmaschine (KKM)
DE19527882A1 (de) * 1995-07-29 1997-04-17 Hartmann Joerg Dipl Math Verfahren zur Energiespeicherung mittels flüssiger Luft
DE19911321A1 (de) * 1999-03-13 2000-09-14 Herrmann Klaus Mit Druckluft betriebene Kraftmaschine
US6349787B1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2002-02-26 Farouk Dakhil Vehicle having a turbine engine and a flywheel powered by liquid nitrogen
US20020178724A1 (en) * 2001-06-04 2002-12-05 Robert Daniel Hunt Cyrogen production via a cryogenic vapor driven power piston for use in a cryogenic vapor powered vehicle with rotary vane motors attached to the axles of the vehicle next to the vehicle's four wheels, using a heat source such as solar heat, heat of compression (heat pump or air compressor, etc.) or heat of friction (as formed by an electric generator), or chemical heat, or heat formed by electrical resistance, heat of combustion, etc. to generate high-pressure, high-kinetic energy cryogenic vapor
DE20115657U1 (de) * 2001-09-24 2002-01-17 Braun, Kaspar, 86672 Thierhaupten Flüssigstickstoffmotor oder/und Flüssigluftmotor
DE20214283U1 (de) * 2002-09-15 2003-02-27 Schmid, Heinrich, 94264 Langdorf Flüssig-Druckgasmotor für Boote

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1529928A1 (de) 2005-05-11
PL1529928T3 (pl) 2009-11-30
PT1529928E (pt) 2009-04-24
DE10352520B4 (de) 2006-11-02
ATE421633T1 (de) 2009-02-15
ES2320762T3 (es) 2009-05-28
DE10352520A1 (de) 2005-06-16
DE502004008900D1 (de) 2009-03-12
DK1529928T3 (da) 2009-05-25

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