EP1529928B1 - Environmentally friendly compressed gas driven rotating piston engine with its thermodynamic cycle process - Google Patents

Abstract

Compressed gas planetary piston engine (34) uses an energy carrier which is stored in the cold state before being injected into the operating cycle in a cold-insulated tank (1). The ambient heat produces a gas pressure in the tank via vaporization of the working medium and regulated as operating pressure via a control unit (8). Preferred Features: The working pistons are divided and consist of piston pairs (29, 30). The piston pairs have a semi-circular shape. Permanent magnets or electromagnets (33) together until the Laval pressure in a diffuser unit (26) is reached. The magnets pull the piston pairs back together during a push stroke.

Description

The invention relates to a cold air engine system with a pressurized gas piston engine for operating stationary or mobile power machines and pneumatic tools and devices by means of compressed gas, is stored in a circulatory process in a cold-insulated tank in the cold liquid state, the environmental heat on the evaporation of the working medium in Tank generates a gas pressure and the liquid working fluid passed into an evaporator and out of this in the gaseous state for further heating in an expander unit with a firing unit and the gaseous working fluid flows countercurrently through the first recuperator of the firing unit and then cools the outer walls of the heater of the expander unit, expended from the expander unit working fluid expands into an engine and excess working fluid is discharged from the engine via an exhaust and Schalldämpfefeinheit in the environment.

It is known to use compressed air as a working medium for the operation of pneumatic tools and equipment and for power machines. Thus, there are compressed air and compressed gas engines known as rotary piston engines, gear motors, screw motors, vane motors and air turbines. The compressed air technology is considered to be very robust, reliable and compact. Also, the compressed air and gas engines, characterized by the low density of air and gases, characterized by a very good quick start behavior. The continuous and unlimited availability of the working media air and gas from the atmosphere and their storability make the compressed air storage technology interesting for applications for the storage of regenerative energies. For example, in the power supply at peak power demand, compressed air storage are known, which supply a compressed air fluid to a turbine that generates electricity via a generator. The production of compressed air with conventional systems is very expensive, because in these processes high-quality electrical energy is converted into compressed air in a compressor. It is also known to drive with stored compressed air, of about 200 bar voltage as drive energy, vehicles. These are special locomotives in the mining of mines threatened by field crashes. These locomotives are supplied with compressed air from a special pipeline network. They are expensive and have a small range of action due to the limited capacity of the storage tanks for the compressed air, which precludes an application for days.

It is also known a vehicle drive, which relates its working fluid from a memory for compressed air and drives passenger cars. Its radius of action should amount to about 200 km, whereby 300 l of compressed air at 300 bar are required. To improve the range of action is provided to equip the motor vehicle additionally with a gasoline tank to allow outside the cities by the driver switching from compressed air drive to conventional drive to reduce emissions in densely populated areas of motor vehicles with internal combustion engines considerably. Disadvantage of this vehicle drive is the high power requirement for the generation of compressed air storage mass of up to 65kw for 200 km of driving distance. In addition, expensive engine technology is required to cope with the explosion (combustion heat) and expansion (cold) of the compressed air and to ensure sufficient service life for the engine.

Also known is a steam engine in which the working medium is used steam in a closed working cycle. An evaporator receives working medium through a combustion unit of state-of-the-art fuel and condensing technology. In a low-emission combustion, the water evaporates, is converted into hot gas and drives a reciprocating engine with a crankshaft gearbox. The steam is liquefied again via a condenser and returned to the circuit. As a working medium, natural gas, gasoline, diesel, or biodiesel can be used. However, a disadvantage is the high Exergieverlust in the evaporation of working fluid and fuel medium and the energy required for the crankshaft of the engine with two dead centers per operation.

From the prior art, a Heizgasmotor according to the Stirling principle is known. This engine uses helium as the working medium. This system is being tested, for example, as a decentralized generation of electricity and heat and as a thermal power link. It is more environmentally friendly than the combustion engine with its energy-damaging technology and its pollutant emissions. The disadvantage, however, is the large volume requirement of the system and the lack of momentum for the vehicle drive.

The prior art is also associated with the fuel cell technology. This technique requires hydrogen as the working medium. This is produced on the one hand from fossil fuels and on the other hand from methanol. The exhaust product is water gas. Disadvantages of this combustion process is that hydrogen is explosive and consumes a lot of primary energy. The production of hydrogen from fossil fuels causes environmental pollution and the production of methanol uses a lot of biomass. The exhaust gas product water gas is a greenhouse gas and has a lasting negative impact on the environmental climate. All regenerative energy converters have the great disadvantage that the energy conversion subject to large fluctuations, which result from the natural conditions. Wind power plants and fossil power plants, for example, must to a great extent use the energy generated as control energy. If this is not possible, the energy actually absorbed or converted will be released unused into the environment.

From the DE 199 11 321 A1 Also known is an air-powered engine that stores the working fluid air in a separate vacuum-insulated tank in the liquid state. The liquid air is vaporized in an evaporator by the environmental heat and then expanded into an air motor. In addition, the resulting mechanical energies of a moving motor vehicle are converted into compressed gas and recycled. A disadvantage of this solution is the high demand for liquid air.

In the utility model DE 201 15 657 U1 will be the same system as in the DE 199 11 321 A1 disclosed with an additional electrical and mechanical heat source as an energy converter. The working medium is liquid air or nitrogen. A disadvantage of this solution is the high consumption of liquid air or nitrogen. A reduction of consumption by an additional heat source is consumed by the energy required to produce the working media again. Also the DE 202 14 238 V1 discloses a solution that delivers 100% of the used working fluid into the engine. Although the solution in the form of an open circuit requires less technical effort, but for a significant tank volume and a lot of electrical energy for the production of liquid air or nitrogen.

Finally, in the document US Pat. No. 3,998,059 a power system for driving example of machine tools or vehicles presented. The invention discloses a force system comprising a thermally insulated storage container, the liquid working fluid stores, for example, liquid nitrogen, the liquid medium is to be pumped by means of a feed pump in the working cycle but first in one or more evaporators and converted there into a gaseous working medium, via a or several heat exchangers, the working fluid should be heated to at least 200 ° C above the critical temperature, passed into a heat storage and further heated. The solution also provides to produce in the heat storage of salts or salt mixtures by heating and liquefaction working medium. The heating should be done from the heat of exhaust gases or by electric energy.

It was therefore an object of the invention to further develop the known compressed air drive for operating stationary and particularly mobile engines by means of compressed gas so that renewable and regenerative energy sources to use and their energy efficiency is increased, minimized losses of excess working fluid, no pollutants and the existing working media completely be replaced by the use of compressed air and compressed gas. In this case, the working medium produced from renewable and regenerative energy sources should be generated outside of a cylinder chamber, temporarily stored in the liquid and gaseous state and be immediately retrievable and can be used in a closed and partially closed cycle process.

The object is achieved by a cold air engine system having a compressed gas piston engine according to the features of claim 1.

Particularly noteworthy is, according to claim 3, the structural design of the working piston of the engine according to the invention. The hemispherical and vertically divided working piston, which have a double working surface for the working medium on the expansion side and whose hemisphere shape adapts to the shape of the spherical pressure distributor, namely the result that the working surface of the working piston again by 1.5 times a plan to enlarge workspace.

The piston pairs according to the invention are, according to claim 4, are advantageously held together with a plurality of permanent or electromagnets until the lava pressure is reached in the diffuser unit. The pairs of pistons fly apart in a circular path and the magnets pull together the pairs of pistons after the displacement stroke.

It should also be emphasized that, according to claim 5, the pressure storage vessel via a first expansion and volume unit with the mixed cooling of the expansion unit, via the third pressure-controlled line with the expander unit, via a second clutch and the first compressor with. a mechanical drive part and is connected via a fourth line to the third compressor, whereby all converted into working medium excessively generated mechanical, thermal and kinetic energy in the accumulator between storage and are retrievable from this in the working cycle.

By the construction of the mechanical drive part, according to claim 6, with a freewheel flywheel, a clutch with a first gear and at least one coil spring which mechanically drives the first compressor via a second clutch and the first compressor and a first clutch and a motor, be operated by the freewheel the pressurized gas piston engine without idling and assigns a direction of rotation oscillating piston pairs working direction, all occurring during a delay momentarily occurring moments of inertia from mechanical to thermal and potential energies are converted via the working cycle the pressurized gas piston engine as a working fluid and from this again converted into useful energy. With the aid of the energy conversion unit, the coil spring stores and converts potential energy into rotary motion.

It is also advantageous that, according to claim 7, gaseous working fluid via the expansion unit, the third volume control valve and a subsequent expansion valve in a mixed cooling an air conditioning unit is passed, the pressure equalization by the Druckspeicherkessesl or the tank can be produced and the second expansion and volume unit Rooms are air-conditioned, without the pressure gas piston engine must work.

A further advantageous use of the cold air engine system, according to claim 8, given by the fact that liquid working medium from the cold-insulated tank enriched with oxygen via a pressure-controlled loop in an evaporator of an air conditioning unit is conductive, wherein the evaporated working fluid from the evaporator of the air conditioning unit in the cooling circuit the second compressor feasible and preheated in the combustion unit for enriched combustion in the working circuit is recirculated.

In addition, the system can be connected in accordance with claim 9 by the expander unit via a first volume-controlled controlled system with a heating unit through the rooms, such as the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, are heated without the pressurized gas piston engine must work.

Particularly noteworthy is, according to claim 10, the coupling of the cold air engine system with a photovoltaic system, comprising a first inverter, a battery and a second inverter, via the motor and the third compressor, via the second pressure-controlled system with a gas liquefaction, comprising a third recuperator, a fourth recuperator, a second expansion valve, a first return line and a second return line. In this way, working medium can be produced from regenerative energy sources of the environment and cooled liquid working medium from the gas liquefaction plant via the second expansion valve stored in the cold-insulated tank and gaseous working medium over the second Return line via a pressure-controlled fifth line to the pressure storage boiler and thus the working circuit of the cold air motor system are fed directly. As a result, the third compressor is to be driven via the first clutch and the second clutch, whereby gaseous working fluid can be liquefied with regenerative energy sources, storable in storages and supplied to the compressed-gas piston engine by which energy forms such as electric energy, heat, cold, fuel and mechanical energy can be generated ,

It is also important that the cold air engine system, according to claim 11, with the pressurized gas piston engine as a closed circuit with separate flow processes and systems is operable, which has the advantage that the working circuit is separated system-tight from the refrigeration cycle.

Finally, the Kaltluftmototsystem, according to claim 12, process in the partially closed working cycle working medium such as air and nitrogen. In this case, can be used as a working medium stored in the accumulator tank and a working unit in a closed working cycle gases and vapors such as helium, carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, alcohols and organic refrigerants via a control unit and the first compressor from the atmosphere.

Fig.1

eine Gesamtdarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der Einrichtung zu dessen Durchführung, untergliedert in Ausschnitt A, B und C,

Fig.2

Ausschnitt A von Fig.1,

Fig.3

Ausschnitt B von Fig.1,

Fig.4

Ausschnitt C von Fig.1.

The invention is described below with reference to an embodiment. The drawings show in

Fig.1

an overall view of the method according to the invention and the device for its implementation, subdivided into section A, B and C,

Fig.2

Section A of Fig.1 .

Figure 3

Section B of Fig.1 .

Figure 4

Section C of Fig.1 ,

In Fig.1 is a device according to the invention for operating a preferably mobile pressure gas piston engine, such as a motor vehicle, represented by means of compressed gas. The device has, for example, a cold-insulated tank 1, a first volume control valve 2, an evaporator 3, an expansion unit 4, a second full-volume control valve 5, a pressure relief valve 6, a first pressure control valve 7, a second pressure control valve 8, a first expansion valve 9, a first conduit 10 , a first compressor 11, a third pressure regulating valve 12, and a fourth pressure regulating valve 13, a compressed gas storage boiler 14, first and second recuperators 15 and 16, an expander unit 17, a second conduit 18, a first diffuser 19, a first pressure distributor 20, a Fuel unit 21, a pressure control unit 22, a volume control unit 23, a pulse unit 24, a second pressure distributor 25, a second and third diffuser 26, a third spherical pressure distributor 27, an engine cylinder 28, at least one pair of pistons 29 and 30, motor shafts 31, 32, magnets 33rd , a pressurized gas piston engine 34, an exhaust and Schalldämpfereinhei t 35, a first nozzle 36, a second compressor 37, a cooling circuit 38, a second nozzle 39, a control circuit 40, a heating unit 41, a first controlled system 42, a third volume control valve 43, an air conditioning unit 44, a first and second expansion and volume unit 45 and a third line 46.

The working fluid is added before being fed into the working cycle, according to Fig.2 stored in the cold-insulated tank 1 in the cold, liquid state. Working medium, for example LPG, is forced into the evaporator 3 via the first volume control valve 2 and from there via the first pressure control valve 7, the second volume control valve 5 and the expansion nozzle 6 into a mixed cooling of the expansion unit 4. According to the invention, the evaporator 3 is system-tightly integrated in the expansion unit 4 and serves to convert the liquefied gas into pressurized gas. Coming from the expansion unit 4, now gaseous working fluid is adjusted via the first expansion valve 9 and the second pressure control valve 8 and via the first line 10, which is preferably a suction line, led to the compressor 11.

From the first compressor 11 is, according to Figure 3 , the working medium via the third pressure control valve 12 in the first and second recuperators 15 and 16 passed, and flows in countercurrent of the recuperators 15 and 16th the burner unit 21, the compressor 11 is connected via the fourth pressure control valve 13 to the compressed gas storage boiler 14, can be passed into the excess generated gaseous working fluid, the third pressure control valve 12 is connected via a second line 18 to the first pressure manifold 20 and the first diffuser 19 and connected via this with the expander unit 17. By this arrangement, a controlled forced flow in the form of compression shocks is possible, whereby the working pressure and the operating temperature of the gaseous working medium continue to increase and the, about the firing unit 21 and the heater of the expander unit 17, heated working fluid expands by a multiple of its volume. To the expander unit 17 close according to the invention, the pressure control unit 22, the volume control unit 23 and the pulse control unit 24, with which the gaseous working fluid after pressure, volume and timing pulse controllable from the expander unit 17 can be dispensed. The pressure control unit 22, the volume control unit 23 and the pulse unit 24 are connected to the second pressure distributor 25 and the second and third diffusers 26, which are directly opposed to the expansion chambers of the engine 34, preferably a rotary piston engine. The gaseous working medium is conducted from the second pressure distributor 25 via the second and third diffusers 26 into the third spherical pressure distributor 27, which is fixedly connected to the engine cylinder 28. The impulse countercurrent of the compressed gas via the third spherical pressure distributor 27 is a compression shock in the amount of 1.3 ² times the kinetic, the thermal and potential energy of the working pressure of the second and third diffuser 26 generates. A pair of rotary pistons 29, 30 is fixedly connected to the motor shafts 31 and 32. The motor shafts run gas-tight under the third spherical pressure distributor 27 and, together with the pair of pistons 29, 30, absorb the expansion energy of the pressure distributor 27. The entire energy absorbed by the piston pair 29, 30 of the working medium compressed gas is now converted into mechanical energy with a large lever arm and without dead center. The not shown in the drawings, pair of pistons 29, 30, is preferably a pair of rotary piston and divided centrally and vertically. The piston pair 29, 30 has by this division over two Work surfaces, one expansion surface and one displacement surface, resulting in a total of a double working surface is available, which can be enlarged by 1.5 times on both sides by the displacement process during expansion. The pressurized gas piston motor 34 is also equipped with a plurality of permanent magnets 33. After each compression stroke of the spherical pressure distributor 27 until reaching the lava pressure of the second and third diffuser 26 and the circular divergence, the pair of pistons 29, 30 contracted again firmly after the displacement process. The expansion chamber of the Druckluftkreiskolbenmotors 34 with the parallel on the motor shafts 31, 32 running piston pair 29, 30 is connected via the first nozzle 36 to the second compressor 37. The working medium is pushed by the piston pair 29, 30 of the pressure gas piston motor 34 on the suction side of the second compressor 37 and pushed over the first nozzle 36 in the second compressor 37 and pressed via the first nozzle 36 in the second compressor 37.

According to Fig.2 is biased in the second compressor 37, the excess working medium from the pneumatic circuit piston motor 34 again and pushed through the second nozzle 39 into the mixing cooling the expansion unit 4, from which it is directly conveyed in the circulation process, or via the first expansion and volume unit 45 in the compressed gas storage vessel 14 stored and returned from there into the circulation process. To the air piston engine 34 is, after Figure 3 , also connected to the exhaust and muffler unit 35, on the first part of the working medium, which reaches the air piston engine 34 with a pressure above 2 bar, is discharged at a temperature of about 7 ° C and without pollutants into the environment.

With the in the cycle described excess accumulating working fluid can, after Fig.2 and Figure 3 in that the heating unit 41 is supplied from the expander unit 17 via the first controlled system 42, wherein the cooled working medium returned from the heating unit 41 can be returned to the expansion unit 4. Also excess working fluid from the expander unit 17 via the third line 46 in the compressed gas storage tank 14 and from this for reuse in the circulation process can be conducted. Excess working fluid from the evaporator 3 of the expansion unit 4th can also be passed through the third valve 43 and another expansion valve in the air conditioning unit 44, from where the working fluid can air-condition a room. In the air conditioning unit 44 excess accumulating working fluid is traceable in the Kreisslaufprozeß.

The device according to the invention can, after Figure 3 to be supplied with working medium. Thus, the fuel unit 21 by means of the control circuit 40, with a controlled and controlled oxidation of biomass and a pollution-free combustion is feasible to supply in addition oxygen-enriched, preheated working medium.

When empty expansion unit 4, the inventive device, according to Fig.1 , Further, via a unit 68, which is formed from a compressed air filter and a suction line, sucking air from the atmosphere, pass through the first line 10 and the first compressor 11 in the compressed air storage tank 14, there removed in a separator 69 of water and pollutants be supplied as a gaseous working medium via a first expansion and volume control unit 45 of the expansion unit 4 and thus the circulation process.

According to Figure 4 There is a further possibility of producing working medium from renewable energy sources of the environment via a photovoltaic system, which is connected to the device according to the invention. The photovoltaic system has, for example, a third compressor 47, a pressure-controlled second controlled system 48, a third recuperator 49, a fourth recuperator 50, a second expansion valve 51, a first return line 52, a second return line 53, a pressure-controlled fifth line 54, a first inverter 55, a second inverter 57, a battery 56, a motor 58 and a mechanical clutch 59 on. About this loop, the inventive device can produce working medium. Of course, liquid gas can also be produced from night stream or from a fuel cell, for example during the life of a motor vehicle in the garage. The first inverter 55 is fed from one of the regenerative power sources. In the battery 56, the energy is stored chemically and regulated from there via the second inverter 57. The motor 58 drives the third compressor 47. Via the first mechanical clutch 59, the engine can also drive the first compressor 11. The working medium is, after Fig.1 and Fig.2 in the third compressor 47 pre-cooled by the atmosphere. The still very warm working fluid with a temperature of 340 K can therefore be further pre-cooled, for example, by the cooling water of the heating unit 41, passed through the fourth Recuperator 50 and further cooled by the first return line 52 to about 110 K. The thus cooled working fluid is partially liquefied via the second expansion valve 51 and passed into the tank 1. The excess of cold working fluid via the second return line 53, a third non-return valve, the second pressure control valve driven the first expansion valve 9 regulated in the expansion unit 4.

Out Figure 3 a mechanical drive part 61 can be seen, which is connected to the engine 34. The mechanical drive part 61 preferably has a freewheel 62, a flywheel 63, a mechanical energy conversion unit 65 with a clutch 64, a first transmission and one or more coil spring, a second transmission 66 and a third change gear 67. When overrun or descent of the engine 34 this is separable via the freewheel 62 from the transmission and the flywheel 63. The flywheel 63 is then directly connected to the energy conversion unit 65 and thus to the first gear and the coil spring. By the coil spring potential energy is stored and converted via the second gear 66 in rotary motion and thus in locomotion. At the clutch 64, a further mechanical clutch 60 is arranged.

Finally, the device according to the invention can process helium, carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, alcohols, environmentally friendly organic refrigerants and hydrocarbons by oxidizing biomass as the working medium. For this purpose, the engine 34 is closed via the exhaust and muffler unit 35 and the expansion unit 4 is set from mixed cooling to two separate systems. So one of the listed working media can be used in a closed cycle process. The use of air and nitrogen as a working medium is only possible as an open cycle process.

The described process sequences according to the invention and, for example, device components are, of course, also usable for stationary power machines for the energy supply of residential buildings, factories, etc.

List of used reference numbers

1

cold-insulated tank for liquid gas,

2

first volume control valve,

3

Evaporator,

4

Expansion unit with mixed cooling,

5

second volume control valve,

6

expansion nozzle,

7

first pressure control valve,

8th

second pressure control valve,

9

first expansion valve,

10

first line,

11

first compressor,

12

third pressure control valve,

13

fourth pressure control valve,

14

Compressed gas storage vessel

15

first recuperator,

16

second recuperator,

17

Expander unit,

18

second line,

19

first diffuser,

20

Pressure manifold,

21

Burning unit

22

Pressure control unit,

23

Volume control unit,

24

Impulse control unit

25

distribution,

26

second and third diffuser,

27

spherical pressure distributor,

28

Engine cylinder,

29

Piston pair,

30

Piston pair,

31

Motor shaft,

32

Motor shaft,

33

Permanent magnets,

34

Gas pressure centrifugal rotary engine,

35

Exhaust and silencer unit,

36

first nozzle,

37

second compressor,

38

Cooling circuit

39

second nozzle,

40

Control circuit, pressure-controlled,

41

Heating unit

42

first controlled system

43

third valve,

44

Air conditioning unit,

45

first expansion and volume control unit,

46

third line, pressure controlled,

47

third compressor,

48

second controlled system, pressure controlled,

49

third recuperator,

50

fourth recuperator,

51

second expansion valve,

52

first return line,

53

second return line,

54

fifth line, pressure controlled,

55

first inverter,

56

Battery,

57

second inverter,

58

Engine,

59

first mechanical coupling,

60

second clutch,

61

mechanical drive part,

62

Freewheel,

63

Flywheel,

64

Clutch with first gear and at least one coil spring,

65

Coil springs,

66

second gear,

67

third change gear,

68

Unit, made of compressed air filter and suction line

69

separators,

70

fourth line,

71

second expansion and volution control unit.

Claims (12)

1. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine, wherein the working medium is stored in the cold, liquid state in a thermally insulated tank (1) prior to being fed to the working circuit, where ambient heat generates a gas pressure, which is regulated at the working pressure by a second pressure-control valve (8), by evaporating the working medium in the tank (1) and the liquid working medium is conducted to an evaporator (3) by that working pressure via a first volume-control valve (2) and conducted therefrom, in the gas phase, via a first line (10), through a first compressor (11) and a third pressure-control valve (12), via a second line (18) and first and second recuperators (15, 16) for further heating in an expander unit (17) having a burner unit (21), whereby the gaseous working medium flows through the first recuperator (15) on the burner unit (21) in counterflow mode and then cools the outer walls of the heater on the expander unit (17), working medium exiting the expansion unit (17) expands in an engine, and surplus working medium is ejected from the engine to the ambient via an exhaust and silencer unit, wherein the evaporator (3) is incorporated into an expansion unit (4) such that the entire subsystem is hermetically sealed and the gaseous working medium exiting the evaporator (3) via a first pressure-control valve (7) and a second volume-control valve (5) may be pressed into a mixed cooler on the expansion unit (4) via a relief nozzle (6), where the cooling of the working medium in the mixed cooler on the expansion unit (4) is isobaric and the working medium's exergy is increased, wherein a parallel line is connected to a fourth pressure-control valve (13), a check valve, the compressor (11), a pressurized-gas storage vessel, and to the second line (18) via the third pressure-control valve (12), to a first diffuser (19) and a pressure distributor (20), and to the heater on the expander unit (17), where a controlled, forced flow in the form of pulsating, compressive shocks arises and the working pressure and working temperature increase, wherein the burner unit (21) simultaneously heats the working medium via the heater on the expander unit (17), whereby the volume of the working medium increases by several times, wherein the expander unit (17) immediately follows a pressure-regulation unit (22), a volume-regulation unit (23), and a pulsation-regulation unit (24) that are connected to a distributor (25) and the second and third diffusers (26) by a pipeline and situated immediately opposite the expansion chamber of a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34), whereby the working medium coming from the distributor (25) on the second and third diffusers (26) may be conducted into the expansion chamber of the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34) via a spherical pressure distributor (27) in pulsed-counterflow mode and the pulsed counterflow of the working medium generates a compressive shock having an amplitude 1.69-times the kinetic, thermal, and potential energy of the working pressure of the second and third diffusers (26) via the spherical pressure distributor (27), wherein the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34) has a cylinder (28), a pair of pistons (29, 30), and shafts (31, 32), where the pair of pistons (29, 30) are firmly attached to the shafts (31, 32) and the cylinder (28) is firmly attached to the spherical pressure distributor (27), wherein the shafts (31, 32) run, hermetically sealed, beneath the spherical pressure distributor (27), whereby they take up the expansion energy and convert the full extent of the energy of the working medium taken up by the pair of pistons (29, 30) into mechanical energy, with a high degree of leverage and no dead point, wherein a first nozzle (36) connects the expansion chamber of the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34) to the rotary pistons of a second compressor (37) , which also run on the engine's shafts (31, 32), whereby the working medium is to be forced to the induction side of the pistons of the second compressor (37) by the pair of pistons (29, 30) of the pressurized-gas rotary engine (34) and the second compressor (37) forces the prepressurized working medium back into the mixed cooler of the expansion unit (4) via a second nozzle (39), whereby the working circuit of the pressurized-gas rotary engine (34) is to be closed, and whereby the working circuit functions as a partially closed circuit via an exhaust and silencer unit (35), provided that sufficient working medium has been stored in the cold-air-engine system and the pressure at the induction side of the second compressor (37) exceeds 2 bar.
2. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized-gas rotary engine (34) is equipped with two to twelve pairs of pistons (29, 30) situated in an expansion stage and with the corresponding number of piston pairs (29, 30) situated in second and third expansion stages, where each and every piston pair (29, 30) should be coordinated to two spherical pressure distributors (27).
3. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the pairs of pistons (29, 30) are hemispherical and vertically split working pistons that have dual working surfaces for the working medium and whose hemispherical shape conforms to the shape of the spherical pressure distributor (27), whereby the area of their working surface is increased to 1.5-times that of a planar working surface.
4. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the pairs of pistons (29, 30) are held together by several permanent magnets or electromagnets (33) until the Laval pressure in the diffuser unit is reached, whereby the pairs of pistons (29, 30) will fly apart along a circular path due to the Laval pressure and the permanent magnets or electromagnets (33) pull the pairs of pistons (29, 30) back together during a displacement action.
5. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-accumulator vessel is connected to the mixed cooler on the expansion unit (4) via a first expansion and volume unit (45), to the expander unit (17) via the third pressure-regulated line (46), to a mechanical-drive section (61) via a second coupler (60), and to the third compressor (47) via a fourth line (70), whereby all surplus mechanical, thermal, and kinetic energy generated that has been converted in the working medium is to be temporarily stored in the pressure-accumulator vessel (14) and capable of being called up into the working circuit therefrom.
6. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical-drive section (61) has an freewheeling mechanism (62), a flywheel (63), a clutch (64) coupling it to a first gearbox, and at least one helical spring (65) and mechanically drives the third compressor (47) via a second clutch (60) and a motor (58) via a first clutch (59), allows the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34) to run without idling via the freewheeling mechanism (62), as a direction-of-rotation converter, assigns a direction of rotation to the pair of oscillatory pistons (29, 30), whereby all moments of inertia that briefly occur in the event of decelerations are convertible from mechanical energy into thermal and potential energies that may be supplied to the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34) in the form of working medium via the working circuit and converted into useful energy by the former.
7. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein gaseous working medium may be conducted to the third volume-control valve (43) and an expansion valve on a mixed cooler of an air-conditioning unit (44) that follows it, pressure equalization may be generated by the pressure-accumulator vessel (14) or the tank (1), and rooms may be air-conditioned by the second expansion and volume unit (71), without need for running the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34).
8. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the liquid working medium coming from the thermally insulated tank (1) that has been enriched with oxygen may be conducted to an evaporator on the air-conditioning unit (44) via a pressure-regulated circuit (40), whereby the evaporated working medium may be conducted out of the evaporator on the air-conditioning unit (44), into the cooling circuit (38) of the second compressor (37), and returned to the working circuit for enriched combustion, after having been preheated in the burner unit (21).
9. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the expander unit (17) is connected to a heater unit (41), which may be used for heating rooms, via a first volume-controlled regulation stretch (42), without need for running the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34).
10. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the cold-air-engine system is coupled to a photovoltaic system having a first inverter (55), a battery (56), and a second inverter (57) that are connected to a gas-liquefaction system having a third recuperator (49), a fourth recuperator (50), a second expansion valve (51), a first return line (52), and a second return line (53) via the second pressure-regulated regulation stretch (48), where working medium coming from renewable, environmental, energy sources may be generated and cooled, liquid, working medium coming from the gas-liquefaction system (49, 50, 51, 52) via the second expansion valve (51) is to be stored in the thermally insulated tank (1) and gaseous working medium may be immediately conducted to the pressure-accumulator vessel ((14) via the second return line (53) and a pressure-regulated, fifth line (54), and thus to the cold-air-engine system's working circuit, and where the third compressor (47) is to be driven via the first clutch (59) and the second clutch (60), whereby gaseous working medium may also be liquefied using renewable energy sources, stored in storage vessels, and conducted to the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34), which may be utilised to generate forms of energy, such as electrical energy, heat, energy for running refrigeration equipment, fuels, and mechanical energy.
11. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein the cold-air-engine system may be run jointly with the pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine (34) as a closed circuit having distinct flow processes and systems, where the working circuit is a sealed system that is hermetically isolated from the refrigeration circuit.
12. A cold-air-engine system having a pressurized-gas rotary-piston engine according to claim 1, wherein air and nitrogen may be employed as the working medium in the partially closed working circuit, where air inducted from the atmosphere via a regulation unit (68) and the first compressor (11) may be stored in the pressure-accumulator vessel (14) as the working medium and gases and vapours, such as helium, carbon dioxide, water, ammonia, alcohols, and organic refrigerants, may be employed in the closed working circuit.

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