EP1520992B1 - Diffuser for a rotatory pump - Google Patents
Diffuser for a rotatory pump Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1520992B1 EP1520992B1 EP04020975A EP04020975A EP1520992B1 EP 1520992 B1 EP1520992 B1 EP 1520992B1 EP 04020975 A EP04020975 A EP 04020975A EP 04020975 A EP04020975 A EP 04020975A EP 1520992 B1 EP1520992 B1 EP 1520992B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- centrifugal pump
- pump according
- edge
- guide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
- F04D29/445—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/448—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps bladed diffusers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a centrifugal pump of axial or semi-axial design, with a located on the pressure side of an impeller stator whose substantially radially extending vanes are arranged with a blade outer edge on a flow-carrying wall, wherein the inlet edges of the vanes are arranged to be fleeing in the flow direction to the impeller axis of rotation and a free hub loose passage is formed between the blade inner edges of the vanes.
- a centrifugal pump which is mainly used for the promotion of wastewater, as with the help of such a Leitrades the risk of clogging is avoided by fibers located in the wastewater.
- a stator in the form of a casting allows accurate blade training, but it is very expensive and expensive.
- the attempt is made to design such a stator as a welded construction then the problem arises of producing the stator blades. Such produced as individual blades sheet metal parts must have reproducible shapes and comply with the specified geometric view of hydraulic shapes.
- a generic centrifugal pump with a stator is known from DE 1 653 713 A1.
- a similar stator is known from EP 0 310 121 A2.
- the invention is therefore based on the problem of finding a simple production possibility for a generic stator.
- the guide vanes are designed as sheet-metal shaped parts, wherein the guide blade blanks are formed as a development of a conical surface and the shaped guide vanes are cut-outs of this conical surface.
- the guide vanes are designed as a development of a plurality of tangentially adjacent conical surface areas.
- forming a single vane as part of one or more conical surfaces results in the settlement of a simple to produce sheet metal blank.
- the curvature or curvature of the flow-guiding vane surfaces to be attached thereto produces, for example, a simple forming process via correspondingly formed rolling tools or other known forming tools.
- As a result of the formation of the vanes as a settlement of one or more conical surfaces results for each finished vane a well-defined position within the stator housing in which they are to be attached, for example by a welded joint.
- a blade side edge arranged on a smaller radius of the cone forms the free blade inner edge of the guide blade closest to the rotor axis of rotation and a blade edge fixed towards a larger radius of the cone forms a blade outer edge attached to the stator housing, wherein the blade outer edge is formed from a Cutting curve of the conical surface with the flow-carrying wall.
- the vanes are provided with a direction of flow and in the direction of the impeller axis of rotation arranged scoop leading edge.
- an embodiment provides that the course thereof is determined from the sectional curve of the blade leading edge of a stator blade with a cone-shaped or funnel-shaped element arranged concentrically around the rotor axis and this element has an opening angle of up to 130 °. This creates a per se known blade leading edge at which an adhesion of fibers in the flow is reliably avoided. Impinging fibers slide off due to flow forces in the direction of the free center line of the casing or the impeller axis of rotation.
- a guide blade inlet angle 2 remains the same towards decreasing stator radius or becomes smaller. Since the guide vanes are formed as part of one or more conical surface, there is the additional advantage of over the entire height of the vane approximately constant Leitschaufel-entry angle 2 which results in a much better Leitradanströmung with the result of improved energy conversion within the stator. At a Leitradaus Stammswinkel of 90 ° corresponds to the trailing edge of the vane of a generatrix of the lateral surface of the cone.
- a corner located at the intersection between the blade leading edge and the channel-side or free blade inner edge is rounded off by a transition to provide favorable transitions between the adjoining blade edges.
- a guide vane to be mounted of smaller surface area is taken from a deformed vane blank having a larger surface area. If required by the particular forming tools used, a larger vane blank containing excess material is bent and a vane to be assembled is cut out of the converted vane blank by known means. Likewise, a vane can be reshaped as a finished in the outer dimensions vane.
- the flow-guiding wall of the stator housing is designed as a conical or tubular shaped sheet metal part and that an impeller of axial or semi-axial design is arranged in front of or inside the stator.
- the vanes are connected to their respective mating surface, the blade outer edge, by suitable methods with the flow-guiding wall.
- Fig. 1 shows a spatial representation during the design phase of a stator.
- a cylinder 1 which corresponds to a limiting flow-guiding wall 1.1 of a stator 2, is concentrically cut by an imaginary, cone-shaped or funnel-shaped element 3.
- the element 3 projects with its tip 4 into the cylinder 1.
- the here - for reasons of clarity - not shown axes of element 3 and cylinder 1 coincide.
- the imaginary conical or funnel-shaped element 3 has an opening angle which can assume an order of magnitude of up to 130 °.
- the element 3 has a lateral surface 5, which forms the basis for a blade end edge 6 of a blade 7 which is arranged in a fleeing manner.
- An arrow 8 symbolizes the flow direction through the stator 2.
- Another imaginary cone element 9 is shown standing freely in the room next to the cylinder 1, wherein the lateral surface of the cone 9 intersects the cylinder 1.
- the axes of cones 9 and cylinder 1, not shown here are at a distance and at an angle to each other.
- the flow-guiding surface of the guide vane 7 arranged inside the cylinder 1 is part of the lateral surface of the cone 9 which cuts the cylinder 1.
- the cone 9 is located in the flow direction of the arrow 8 to the right of the stator 2.
- the stator 2 has in this embodiment, fasteners 10 and 10.1, with which it is attached to a later installation and in which a - here not shown - impeller is arranged with a drive.
- the section line of the cone 9 with the cylinder 1 forms the blade outer edge with which a guide blade in the stator 2 is attached to the wall 1.1.
- This blade outer edge is located on a larger radius of the conical surface of the cone 9, as the free standing in the blade inside edge 12, which is arranged on a smaller radius of the cone 9.
- the cutting edge of the conical surface of the cone 9 with the lateral surface of the conical or funnel-shaped element 3 forms the blade inlet edge 6 of a guide blade. 7
- a stator outlet angle of 90 ° is provided on a guide blade 7, for which reason the blade outlet edge 11 of a guide blade 7 is at the same time the generatrix of the conical surface of the cone 9.
- Other vane exit angles are possible without any problems.
- the 2 shows a guide blade 7 as a development from the conical surface of the cone 9. This development is transmitted to a flat sheet metal part.
- the lines a - b drawn thereon correspond to the lines of intersection of the conical surface of the cone 9 with the cylinder 1 and the conical or funnel-shaped element 3 from the representation of FIG. In this case, the line a corresponds to that blade outer edge 13 with which a guide blade 7 in the stator 2 is attached to its flow-guiding wall 1.1.
- a line b forms at the intersection of the cone 9 with the element 3, the blade inlet edge 6 of a guide vane 7 from.
- the line c corresponds to a circular arc on a plane and vertical section to the axis of the cone 9. Their position is determined by a required in the design of the stator free ball passage through the hubless stator determined.
- the line c corresponds to the blade inner edge 12 of a guide vane 7.
- the lines a-e of a guide vane that determine the circumference of a guide vane 7 can be cut out of a sheet-metal blank before or after a forming process.
- a forming process is carried out by means of tapered rollers or other forming techniques.
- Such a vane is welded in a cylindrical stator. This results in a well-defined position between the blade outer edge 13 and the flow-guiding wall 1.1 at a suitable blunt attachment and thus a simple fast attachment, for example by welding technology, is possible.
- a corresponding diffuser-shaped truncated cone or similar component would find application.
- the cutting lines of such a diffuser-shaped cylinder replacement with the element 3 and the cone 9 would then determine the inner, outer and blade leading edge of the vanes.
- the generator of such a vane is any line in the room, which fulfills the condition that it lies on the conical surface to be formed. This line is particularly clearly visible in the region of the trailing edge when the exit angle of the guide vane is 90 ° or as the trailing edge when the exit angle is exactly 90 °.
- the line d or the blade outlet edge 11 is always perpendicular to the blade inner edge 12.
- the blade leading edge 6 results as a free cut curve, which is no longer apparent as the generatrix of the conical surface of the first cone 3, although, since it is necessarily on the conical surface, it will generate the same conical surface when rotating about the cone axis.
- the element 3 is designed as a cone. If a different course of the blade leading edge 6 is desired, then the element 3 can also have a funnel-shaped course, which does not represent a cone in the mathematical sense.
- a guide vane shape which is formed as part of one or more conical surface areas, there is the essential advantage of a guide blade inlet angle 2 which remains constant over the height of a guide vane 7.
- a desired course of a stator inlet angle 2 can be adjusted as a function of the radial distance to a wheel rotational axis.
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- Rotary Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kreiselpumpe axialer oder halbaxialer Bauart, mit einem auf der Druckseite eines Laufrades gelegenen Leitrad, dessen im wesentlichen radial verlaufende Leitschaufeln mit einer Schaufelaußenkante an einer strömungsführenden Wand angeordnet sind, wobei die Eintrittskanten der Leitschaufeln in Strömungsrichtung zur Laufraddrehachse hin fliehend angeordnet sind und zwischen den Schaufelinnenkanten der Leitschaufeln ein freier naben loser Durchlass gebildet ist.The invention relates to a centrifugal pump of axial or semi-axial design, with a located on the pressure side of an impeller stator whose substantially radially extending vanes are arranged with a blade outer edge on a flow-carrying wall, wherein the inlet edges of the vanes are arranged to be fleeing in the flow direction to the impeller axis of rotation and a free hub loose passage is formed between the blade inner edges of the vanes.
Durch die DE A 25 30 214 ist eine Kreiselpumpe bekannt die vorwiegend zur Förderung von Abwässern Verwendung findet, da mit Hilfe eines solchen Leitrades die Verstopfungsgefahr durch im Abwasser befindliche Faserstoffe vermieden wird. Die Herstellung eines solchen Leitrades in Form eines Gussteiles gestattet zwar eine genaue Schaufelausbildung, sie ist jedoch sehr aufwendig und kostenintensiv.
Wird dagegen der Versuch unternommen, ein solches Leitrad als eine Schweißkonstruktion auszubilden, dann ergibt sich die Problematik der Herstellung der Leitradschaufeln. Solche als Einzelschaufeln hergestellten Blechformteile müssen reproduzierbare Formen aufweisen und die aus hydraulischer Sicht vorgegebenen geometrischen Formen einhalten. Eine gattungsgemäße Kreiselpumpe mit einem Leitrad ist aus DE 1 653 713 A1 bekannt. Ein änliches Leitrad ist aus EP 0 310 121 A2 bekannt.From DE A 25 30 214 a centrifugal pump is known which is mainly used for the promotion of wastewater, as with the help of such a Leitrades the risk of clogging is avoided by fibers located in the wastewater. Although the production of such a stator in the form of a casting allows accurate blade training, but it is very expensive and expensive.
If, on the other hand, the attempt is made to design such a stator as a welded construction, then the problem arises of producing the stator blades. Such produced as individual blades sheet metal parts must have reproducible shapes and comply with the specified geometric view of hydraulic shapes. A generic centrifugal pump with a stator is known from DE 1 653 713 A1. A similar stator is known from EP 0 310 121 A2.
Der Erfindung liegt daher das Problem zu Grunde, für ein gattungsgemäßes Leitrad eine einfache Herstellungsmöglichkeit aufzufinden.The invention is therefore based on the problem of finding a simple production possibility for a generic stator.
Die Lösung dieses Problems sieht vor, dass die Leitschaufeln als Blechformteile gestaltet sind, wobei die Leitschaufel-Rohlinge als Abwicklung einer Kegelmantelfläche ausgebildet sind und die geformten Leitschaufeln Ausschnitte dieser Kegelmantelfläche sind.The solution to this problem provides that the guide vanes are designed as sheet-metal shaped parts, wherein the guide blade blanks are formed as a development of a conical surface and the shaped guide vanes are cut-outs of this conical surface.
Mit dieser Lösung ist es möglich, in einfachster Weise als Blechkonstruktionsteile ausgebildete Leitradschaufeln herzustellen, die bei einfacher Herstellungsweise gleichzeitig den Vorteil einer einfachen Montage innerhalb eines Leitradgehäuses besitzen und als zusätzlichen Nebeneffekt die hydraulische Wirkung eines Leitrades verbessern.With this solution, it is possible to manufacture in the simplest way designed as sheet metal parts Leitradschaufeln that at the same time have the advantage of ease of installation within a Leitradgehäuses and improve the hydraulic effect of a stator in a simple production.
Eine Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Leitschaufeln als Abwicklung von mehreren, tangential aneinander angrenzender Kegelmantelflächen ausgebildet sind. Durch die Ausbildung einer einzelnen Leitschaufel als Bestandteil von einer oder mehreren Kegelmantelflächen ergibt sich in der Abwicklung ein einfach herzustellender Blechrohling. Die daran anzubringendes Wölbung oder Krümmung von den strömungsführenden Leitschaufelflächen erzeugt beispielsweise ein einfacher Umformvorgang über entsprechend ausgebildete Rollwerkzeuge oder andere bekannte Umformwerkzeuge. Infolge der Ausbildung der Leitschaufeln als Abwicklung von einer oder mehreren Kegelmantelflächen ergibt sich für jede fertige Leitschaufel eine genau definierte Lage innerhalb des Leitradgehäuses, in der sie zu befestigen sind, beispielsweise durch eine Schweißverbindung.An embodiment provides that the guide vanes are designed as a development of a plurality of tangentially adjacent conical surface areas. By forming a single vane as part of one or more conical surfaces results in the settlement of a simple to produce sheet metal blank. The curvature or curvature of the flow-guiding vane surfaces to be attached thereto produces, for example, a simple forming process via correspondingly formed rolling tools or other known forming tools. As a result of the formation of the vanes as a settlement of one or more conical surfaces results for each finished vane a well-defined position within the stator housing in which they are to be attached, for example by a welded joint.
Nach weiteren Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung bildet eine auf einem kleineren Radius des Kegels angeordnete Schaufelseitenkante die zur Laufraddrehachse nächst gelegene, freie Schaufelinnenkante der Leitschaufel und eine in Richtung zu einem größeren Radius des Kegels angeordnete Schaufelseitenkante eine am Leitradgehäuse befestigte Schaufelaußenkante, wobei die Schaufelaußenkante gebildet ist aus einer Schnittkurve der Kegelmantelfläche mit der strömungsführenden Wand. Somit ergibt sich für solcherart geformte Leitschaufeln eine einfache Art der Leitschaufelbefestigung innerhalb des Leitrades, wobei mit verbesserten Strömungsverhältnissen und mit einem Minimum an Nacharbeit eine Schweißverbindung zwischen Schaufelaußenkante und der Wand des Strömungskanals erzeugt werden kann.According to further embodiments of the invention, a blade side edge arranged on a smaller radius of the cone forms the free blade inner edge of the guide blade closest to the rotor axis of rotation and a blade edge fixed towards a larger radius of the cone forms a blade outer edge attached to the stator housing, wherein the blade outer edge is formed from a Cutting curve of the conical surface with the flow-carrying wall. Thus, for such shaped guide vanes results in a simple way of Leitschaufelbefestigung within the stator, with improved flow conditions and with a Minimum of rework a weld between the blade outer edge and the wall of the flow channel can be generated.
Da bereits die Auslegung der Leitschaufeln unter Zugrundelegung von sich schneidenden Kegelmantelflächen mit Zylinder- oder Kegelflächen erfolgt, ergibt sich für die spätere, als Blechformteil erstellte Leitschaufel innerhalb des Strömungskanals des Leitrades eine genau definierte Einbaulage. Denn die Zylinder- oder Kegelflächen entsprechen der strömungsführenden Wandfläche des Leitradgehäuses, welches dabei eine zylindrische, sich nach Art eines Diffusors erweiternde oder nach Art einer Düse verengende Gehäuseform besitzt. Die bereits bei der Auslegung berücksichtige Schnittverbindung zwischen Leitschaufel und Wandfläche erleichtert eine Montage in wesentlicher Weise.Since the design of the guide vanes takes place on the basis of intersecting conical surface areas with cylindrical or conical surfaces, a precisely defined installation position results for the later, as a sheet metal part produced guide vane within the flow channel of the stator. Because the cylindrical or conical surfaces correspond to the flow-guiding wall surface of the stator housing, which thereby has a cylindrical, expanding in the manner of a diffuser or narrowing in the manner of a nozzle housing shape. The already considered in the design cut connection between the vane and wall surface facilitates installation in a significant way.
Die Leitschaufeln sind mit einer in Strömungsrichtung und in Richtung Laufraddrehachse fliehend angeordneten Schaufeleintrittskante versehen. Dazu sieht eine Ausgestaltung vor, dass deren Verlauf bestimmt wird aus der Schnittkurve der Schaufeleintrittskante einer Leitradschaufel mit einem um die Laufraddrehachse konzentrisch angeordneten, kegel- oder trichterförmigen Element und dieses Element weist einen Öffnungswinkel von bis zu 130° auf. Damit wird eine an sich bekannte Schaufeleintrittskante geschaffen, an der ein Anhaften von in der Strömung befindlichen Fasern zuverlässig vermieden wird. Darauf auftreffende Fasern gleiten aufgrund der Strömungskräfte in Richtung der freien Gehäusemittellinie oder der Laufraddrehachse ab.The vanes are provided with a direction of flow and in the direction of the impeller axis of rotation arranged scoop leading edge. For this purpose, an embodiment provides that the course thereof is determined from the sectional curve of the blade leading edge of a stator blade with a cone-shaped or funnel-shaped element arranged concentrically around the rotor axis and this element has an opening angle of up to 130 °. This creates a per se known blade leading edge at which an adhesion of fibers in the flow is reliably avoided. Impinging fibers slide off due to flow forces in the direction of the free center line of the casing or the impeller axis of rotation.
Nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung bleibt ein Leitschaufel-Eintrittswinkel 2 zu abnehmenden Leitradradius hin gleich oder wird kleiner. Da die Leitschaufeln als Bestandteil einer oder mehrerer Kegelmantelflächen ausgebildet sind, ergibt sich der zusätzliche Vorteil eines über die gesamte Höhe der Leitschaufel annähernd konstant bleibenden Leitschaufel-Eintrittswinkel 2 wodurch sich eine wesentlich bessere Leitradanströmung mit der Folge einer verbesserten Energieumsetzung innerhalb des Leitrades ergibt. Bei einem Leitradaustrittswinkel von 90° entspricht die Austrittskante der Leitschaufel einer Erzeugenden der Mantelfläche des Kegels.According to another embodiment, a guide
Eine im Schnittpunkt zwischen Schaufeleintrittskante und kanalseitiger oder freier Schaufelinnenkante befindliche Ecke ist durch einen Übergang abgerundet, um günstige Übergänge zwischen den aneinandergrenzenden Schaufelkanten zu erhalten.A corner located at the intersection between the blade leading edge and the channel-side or free blade inner edge is rounded off by a transition to provide favorable transitions between the adjoining blade edges.
Eine andere Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass aus einem umgeformten Leitschaufel-Rohling mit größeren Flächeninhalt die Kontur einer zu montierenden Leitschaufel kleineren Flächeninhalts entnommen ist. Wenn es die jeweils Anwendung findenden Umformwerkzeuge erfordern sollten, wird ein größerer, Materialüberschüsse aufweisender Leitschaufel-Rohling gebogen und aus dem umgeformten Leitschaufel-Rohling wird eine zu montierende Leitschaufel mit bekannten Mitteln herausgetrennt. Ebenso kann eine Leitschaufel gleich als eine in den Außenabmessungen fertig gestellte Leitschaufel umgeformt werden.Another embodiment provides that the contour of a guide vane to be mounted of smaller surface area is taken from a deformed vane blank having a larger surface area. If required by the particular forming tools used, a larger vane blank containing excess material is bent and a vane to be assembled is cut out of the converted vane blank by known means. Likewise, a vane can be reshaped as a finished in the outer dimensions vane.
Weitere Ausgestaltungen sehen vor, dass die strömungsführende Wand des Leitradgehäuses als ein kegel- oder rohrförmig ausgebildetes Blechformteil gestaltet ist und dass ein Laufrad axialer oder halbaxialer Bauart vor oder innerhalb des Leitrades angeordnet ist.Further embodiments provide that the flow-guiding wall of the stator housing is designed as a conical or tubular shaped sheet metal part and that an impeller of axial or semi-axial design is arranged in front of or inside the stator.
Innerhalb des Leitradgehäuses sind die Leitschaufeln mit ihrer jeweiligen Berührungsfläche, der Schaufelaußenkante, durch geeignete Verfahren mit der strömungsführenden Wand verbunden.Within the stator shell, the vanes are connected to their respective mating surface, the blade outer edge, by suitable methods with the flow-guiding wall.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im Folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen die
- Fig. 1
- eine räumliche Darstellung von begrenzenden Flächen beim Entwurf eines Leitrades und die
- Fig. 2
- eine Abwicklung eines Leitschaufel-Rohlings.
- Fig. 1
- a spatial representation of limiting surfaces in the design of a stator and the
- Fig. 2
- a development of a vane blank.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine räumliche Darstellung während der Entwurfsphase eines Leitrades. Ein Zylinder 1, der einer begrenzenden strömungsführenden Wand 1.1 eines Leitrades 2 entspricht, wird konzentrisch geschnitten von einem imaginären, kegel- oder trichterförmigen Element 3. Das Element 3 ragt mit seiner Spitze 4 in den Zylinder 1 hinein. Die hier - aus Gründen einer besseren Übersichtlichkeit - nicht dargestellten Achsen von Element 3 und Zylinder 1 fallen zusammen. Das imaginäre kegel- oder trichterförmige Element 3 weist einen Öffnungswinkel auf, der eine Größenordnung von bis zu 130° annehmen kann. Das Element 3 verfügt über eine Mantelfläche 5, welche die Basis für eine fliehend angeordnete Schaufeleintrittskante 6 einer Schaufel 7 bildet. Ein Pfeil 8 symbolisiert die Strömungsrichtung durch das Leitrad 2.Fig. 1 shows a spatial representation during the design phase of a stator. A cylinder 1, which corresponds to a limiting flow-guiding wall 1.1 of a
Ein weiteres imaginäres Kegelelement 9 ist neben dem Zylinder 1 frei im Raum stehend dargestellt, wobei die Mantelfläche des Kegels 9 den Zylinder 1 schneidet. Die hier nicht dargestellten Achsen von Kegel 9 und Zylinder 1 verlaufen mit Abstand und im Winkel zueinander. Die strömungsführende Fläche der innerhalb des Zylinders 1 angeordneten Leitschaufel 7 ist Bestandteil der den Zylinder 1 schneidenden Mantelfläche des Kegels 9. Durch eine Neigung der Achse des Kegels 9 zur Achse des Zylinders 1 wird eine Lage der Leitschaufel 7 innerhalb des Leitrades 2 bewirkt.Another imaginary cone element 9 is shown standing freely in the room next to the cylinder 1, wherein the lateral surface of the cone 9 intersects the cylinder 1. The axes of cones 9 and cylinder 1, not shown here are at a distance and at an angle to each other. The flow-guiding surface of the
In der Darstellung der Fig. 1 liegt der Kegel 9 in Strömungsrichtung des Pfeils 8 rechts neben dem Leitrad 2. Das Leitrad 2 verfügt in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel über Befestigungselemente 10 und 10.1, mit denen es an einem späteren Einbauort befestigt wird und an denen ein - hier nicht dargestelltes - Laufrad mit einem Antrieb angeordnet ist.In the illustration of Fig. 1, the cone 9 is located in the flow direction of the
Für die weiteren Leitschaufeln 7 bis 7.x erfolgt während der Entwicklung eines Leitrades eine entsprechend versetzte Anordnung des imaginären Kegels 9 am Umfang des Zylinders 1.For the further guide vanes 7 to 7.x, a correspondingly staggered arrangement of the imaginary cone 9 takes place on the circumference of the cylinder 1 during the development of a stator.
Die Schnittlinie des Kegels 9 mit dem Zylinder 1 bildet die Schaufelaußenkante, mit der eine Leitschaufel im Leitrad 2 an der Wand 1.1 befestigt ist. Diese Schaufelaußenkante liegt auf einem größeren Radius der Kegelmantelfläche des Kegels 9, als die frei im Raum stehende Schaufelinnenkante 12, die auf einem kleineren Radius des Kegels 9 angeordnet ist. Die Schnittkante der Kegelmantelfläche des Kegels 9 mit der Mantelfläche des kegel- oder trichterförmigen Elementes 3 bildet die Schaufeleintrittskante 6 einer Leitschaufel 7.The section line of the cone 9 with the cylinder 1 forms the blade outer edge with which a guide blade in the
In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ist an einer Leitschaufel 7 ein Leitradaustrittswinkel von 90° vorgesehen, weshalb die Schaufelaustrittskante 11 einer Leitschaufel 7 gleichzeitig die Erzeugende der Kegelmantelfläche des Kegels 9 ist. Andere Schaufelaustrittswinkel sind problemlos möglich.In this exemplary embodiment, a stator outlet angle of 90 ° is provided on a
Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine Leitschaufel 7 als Abwicklung aus der Kegelmantelfläche des Kegels 9. Diese Abwicklung ist auf ein ebenes Blechteil übertragen. Die darauf eingezeichneten Linien a - b entsprechen den Schnittlinien der Kegelmantelfläche des Kegels 9 mit dem Zylinder 1 und dem kegel- oder trichterförmigen Element 3 aus der Darstellung von Fig.1. Dabei entspricht die Linie a derjenigen Schaufelaußenkante 13, mit der eine Leitschaufel 7 im Leitrad 2 an dessen strömungsführender Wand 1.1 befestigt ist.2 shows a
Eine Linie b bildet am Schnitt des Kegels 9 mit dem Element 3 die Schaufeleintrittskante 6 einer Leitschaufel 7 ab.A line b forms at the intersection of the cone 9 with the
Die Linie c entspricht einem Kreisbogen an einem ebenen und senkrechten Schnitt zur Achse des Kegels 9. Ihre Lage wird durch einen bei der Auslegung des Leitrades geforderten freien Kugeldurchgang durch das nabenlose Leitrad bestimmt. Die Linie c entspricht der Schaufelinnenkante 12 einer Leitschaufel 7.The line c corresponds to a circular arc on a plane and vertical section to the axis of the cone 9. Their position is determined by a required in the design of the stator free ball passage through the hubless stator determined. The line c corresponds to the blade
Und eine Linie d, die in dem gewählten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erzeugenden des Kegels 9 entspricht, bildet die Austrittskante 11 der Leitschaufel 7 ab.And a line d, which corresponds in the selected embodiment of the generatrix of the cone 9, the trailing
Durch gestrichelt dargestellte Verlängerungen der Linien b, c würde an einer Leitschaufel 7 ein ungünstiger scharfkantiger Übergang entstehen. Mit Hilfe einer zwischen den Linien b, c angeordneten Linie e wird eine strömungsgünstige Abrundung geschaffen.By dashed lines shown extensions of the lines b, c would result in a
Die Linien a - e spannen zwischen sich eine gewölbte Fläche f auf, die der strömungsführenden Fläche einer Leitschaufel 7 entspricht. Diese Fläche f ist Bestandteil der Kegelmantelfläche des Kegels 9.The lines a - e span between them a curved surface f, which corresponds to the flow-guiding surface of a
Die den Umfang einer Leitschaufel 7 bestimmenden Linien a - e einer Leitschaufel können vor oder nach einem Umformvorgang aus einem Blechrohling ausgeschnitten werden. Ein Umformvorgang wird mit Hilfe von Kegelrollen oder anderen Umformtechniken vorgenommen. Eine solche Leitschaufel wird in ein zylinderförmiges Leitrad eingeschweißt. Dabei ergibt sich eine genau definierte Position zwischen Schaufelaußenkante 13 und der strömungsführenden Wand 1.1 an der eine passende stumpfe Anlage und damit eine einfache schnelle Befestigung, beispielsweise mittels Schweißtechnik, möglich ist.The lines a-e of a guide vane that determine the circumference of a
Für denjenigen Fall, bei dem ein Leitradgehäuse 2 diffusorförmig gestaltet ist, würde analog in Fig. 1 anstelle eines Zylinders 1 ein entsprechend diffusorförmig gestalteter Kegelstumpf oder ähnliches Bauteil Anwendung finden. Die Schnittlinien eines solchen diffusorförmigen Zylinderersatzes mit dem Element 3 und dem Kegel 9 würden dann die Innen-, Außen- und Schaufeleintrittskante der Leitschaufeln bestimmen.For the case in which a
Die Erzeugende einer solchen Leitschaufel ist eine beliebige Linie im Raum, welche die Bedingung erfüllt, dass sie auf der zu bildenden Kegelmantelfläche liegt. In der Figur 1 besonders gut erkennbar ist diese Linie im Bereich der Austrittskante, wenn der Austrittswinkel der Leitschaufel bei 90° liegt oder als Austrittskante, wenn der Austrittswinkel genau 90° beträgt. Die Linie d oder die Schaufelaustrittskante 11 steht immer senkrecht auf Schaufelinnenkante 12.The generator of such a vane is any line in the room, which fulfills the condition that it lies on the conical surface to be formed. This line is particularly clearly visible in the region of the trailing edge when the exit angle of the guide vane is 90 ° or as the trailing edge when the exit angle is exactly 90 °. The line d or the
Die Schaufeleintrittskante 6 der Leitschaufel 7 ist erfindungsgemäß durch eine axial angeordnete Kegelmantelfläche mit einem Kegelwinkel von ca. 130° = 180° - (2 25°) zurückgeschnitten. 25° entsprechen hierbei dem Verlauf einer Schaufeleintrittskante 6 gegenüber einer Senkrechten auf der Leitradgehäuse-Längsachse. Somit ergibt sich die Schaufeleintrittskante 6 als eine freie Schnittkurve, die als Erzeugende der KegelMantelfläche des ersten Kegels 3 nicht mehr offensichtlich ist, obwohl sie, da sie zwingend auf dessen Kegelmantelfläche liegt, bei Rotation um die Kegelachse dieselbe Kegelmantelfläche erzeugen wird. Im dargestellten Beispiel ist das Element 3 als Kegel ausgebildet. Ist ein anderer Verlauf der Schaufeleintrittskante 6 gewünscht, dann kann das Element 3 auch einen trichterförmigen Verlauf aufweisen, der im mathematischen Sinne keinen Kegel darstellt.The
Durch einen Walz- oder Rollvorgang einer auf ein Blechteil übertragenen Abwicklung eines Leitschaufel-Rohlings über entsprechend angeordnete Kegelrollen entsteht das Blechformteil einer Leitschaufel mit derjenigen Wölbung, wie sie während der hydraulischen Auslegungsphase der Leitschaufel beziehungsweise des Leitrades festgelegt wurde. Ein solcher Umformvorgang erfolgt bei einem Rollen oder Walzen über die auf kleinerem Kegeldurchmesser angeordnete Schaufelinnenkante 12, welche Bstandteil eines Kreisbogens Ri ist. Und ein solcher Umformvorgang beginnt an der Schaufelaustrittskante 11. Mit Hilfe bekannter Trenntechniken wird eine Leitschaufel 7 aus einem Blechteil herausgelöst.By rolling or rolling a transferred to a sheet metal part processing a vane blank via appropriately arranged tapered rollers, the sheet metal part of a vane with that curvature, as was determined during the hydraulic design phase of the vane or the stator. Such a forming process takes place during rolling or rolling over the blade
Mit einem Minimum an Aufwand kann eine fertige, als Blechformteil gestaltete Leitschaufel in ihrer genauen Einbaulage befestigt werden. Dies ist am einfachsten mit bekannten Schweißverfahren möglich.With a minimum of effort, a finished, designed as a sheet metal part guide vane can be fixed in their exact installation position. This is most easily possible with known welding methods.
Durch die Verwendung einer Leitschaufelform, die als Bestandteil einer oder auch mehrerer Kegelmantelflächen ausgebildet ist, ergibt sich der wesentliche Vorteil eines Leitschaufel-Eintrittswinkels 2 der über die Höhe einer Leitschaufel 7 konstant bleibt. Ebenso kann durch geeignete Wahl der Geometrie des Elementes 3 und des Kegels 9 ein gewünschter Verlauf eines Leitrad-Eintrittswinkels 2 in Abhängigkeit vom radialen Abstand zu einer Laufraddrehachse eingestellt werden.By using a guide vane shape, which is formed as part of one or more conical surface areas, there is the essential advantage of a guide
Claims (12)
- Centrifugal pump of axial or semi-axial construction, having a diffuser (2) which is situated on the delivery side of a running wheel and the substantially radially extending guide blades (7, 7.x) of which are arranged with a blade outer edge (13) on a flow-guiding wall (1.1), the inlet edges (6) of the guide blades (7) being arranged so as to extend towards the running-wheel rotational axis in the flow direction (8) and a free hub-less passage being formed between the blade inner edges (12) of the guide blades (7), the guide blades (7) being designed as shaped sheet-metal parts, characterized in that the guide-blade blanks are configured as a development of a conical circumferential surface and the shaped guide blades (7, 7.x) are cut-outs from this conical circumferential surface.
- Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guide blades (7, 7.x) are configured as a development of a plurality of conical circumferential surfaces which adjoin one another tangentially.
- Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a blade side edge which is arranged on a smaller radius of the cone (9) forms the free blade inner edge (12) of the guide blades (7, 7.x) which lies closest to the running-wheel rotational axis.
- Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that a blade side edge which is arranged in the direction of a greater radius of the cone (9) forms a blade outer edge (13) which is fastened to the diffuser housing (2), the blade outer edge (13) being formed from a sectional curve of the conical circumferential surface with the flow-guiding wall (1.1).
- Centrifugal pump according to Claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that a blade inlet edge (6) is formed as a sectional curve of a diffuser blade (7, 7.x) with a conical or funnel-shaped element (3) which is arranged concentrically about the running-wheel rotational axis, and this element (3) has an opening angle of up to 130°.
- Centrifugal pump according to Claim 5, characterized in that a guide-blade entry angle 2 remains constant or becomes smaller towards a reducing diffuser radius.
- Centrifugal pump according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, at a diffuser outlet angle of 90°, a blade outlet edge (11) of the guide blades (7, 7.x) corresponds to a generatrix of the circumferential surface of the cone (9).
- Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, a rounded transition (3) is arranged between the blade inlet edge (6) and the free blade inner edge (12).
- Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the contour of a guide blade (7, 7.x) of smaller surface area to be mounted is taken from a formed guide-blade blank of larger surface area.
- Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flow-guiding wall (1.1) of the diffuser housing (2) is designed as a shaped sheet-metal part of conical or tubular configuration.
- Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a running wheel of axial or semi-axial construction is arranged in front of or within the diffuser housing (2).
- Centrifugal pump according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the blade outlet edge (11) lies perpendicularly on the blade inner edge (12).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10346058 | 2003-10-04 | ||
| DE10346058A DE10346058A1 (en) | 2003-10-04 | 2003-10-04 | Centrifugal pump idler |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1520992A2 EP1520992A2 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
| EP1520992A3 EP1520992A3 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
| EP1520992B1 true EP1520992B1 (en) | 2006-06-21 |
Family
ID=34306248
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04020975A Not-in-force EP1520992B1 (en) | 2003-10-04 | 2004-09-03 | Diffuser for a rotatory pump |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1520992B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE331143T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE10346058A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105756956A (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2016-07-13 | 镇江江大泵业科技有限公司 | Novel cutting-type submersible sewage pump |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH237680A (en) * | 1942-07-21 | 1945-05-15 | Voith Gmbh J M | Guide vane bent from sheet metal for axial fans. |
| SE384070B (en) * | 1974-07-23 | 1976-04-12 | Stenberg Flygt Ab | PROPELLER PUMP |
| EP0310121B1 (en) * | 1987-09-30 | 1992-06-17 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 | Production method of pumping and/or guiding means for fluid machines and radial impeller manufactured thereby, in particular coolant impeller for combustion engines |
| DE4330098A1 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1995-03-09 | Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag | Guide device designed as a molded sheet metal part |
-
2003
- 2003-10-04 DE DE10346058A patent/DE10346058A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-09-03 DE DE502004000817T patent/DE502004000817D1/en active Active
- 2004-09-03 AT AT04020975T patent/ATE331143T1/en active
- 2004-09-03 EP EP04020975A patent/EP1520992B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE10346058A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
| EP1520992A3 (en) | 2005-07-27 |
| EP1520992A2 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
| ATE331143T1 (en) | 2006-07-15 |
| DE502004000817D1 (en) | 2006-08-03 |
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