EP1515011A1

EP1515011A1 - Particulate removing apparatus and diesel engine vehicle equipped with same

Info

Publication number: EP1515011A1
Application number: EP04021503A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Kiyomu Endo
Original assignee: O Den Co Ltd
Current assignee: O Den Co Ltd
Priority date: 2003-09-10
Filing date: 2004-09-10
Publication date: 2005-03-16
Also published as: KR100630037B1; US20050056008A1; TW200510628A; CN1619119A; KR20050026883A

Abstract

A diesel particulate removing apparatus is provided which is capable of regenerating, with ease and at low costs, a function of a clogged filter. The diesel particulate removing apparatus is made up of an outer cylinder (4) being attached, in an embedded manner, to an exhaust gas path (2) of a diesel engine (1) and having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of diesel exhaust gas and two or more filter units (5, 5) being housed in the outer cylinder (4) to collect or to collect and burn particulates contained in the diesel exhaust gas to remove them. The filter units (5, 5) are connected to each other along a flow of the diesel exhaust gas and combined with flow-out and flow-in cylinders (6, 7) for the diesel exhaust gas to make up an inner cylinder (8) of a sealed structure, with portions on sides of the flow-in and flow-out of the exhaust gas being not included in the sealed structure.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTTON

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a particulate removing apparatus and more particularly to the particulate removing apparatus which is preferable to be adapted to collect particulates contained in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine such as an diesel engine or a like used for a diesel engine vehicle, an electric generator, an agricultural implement, or like by using a heater and a filter and to burn and remove the collected particulates and to the diesel engine vehicle equipped with the particulate removing apparatus.
The present application claims two priorities of Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-359980 filed on September 10, 2003, and No. 2003-424409 filed on December 22, 2003, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Description of the Related Art

In emission regulations on exhaust gas from vehicles, attention has been directed conventionally to nitrogen oxide (NOx) or a like which mainly contains nitrogen dioxide being considered as a carcinogen. Exhaust gas from a diesel engine vehicle contains a large amount of carbon particulates (so-called black smoke) . The carbon particulates, after having been puffed out through an exhaust gas path in the air, remain suspended in the air for a long time and, in the end, settle, in a form of soot or a like, onto a floor surface, road surface, clothes, or a like. In recent years; reports have been successively made that, since carbon making up such the carbon particulates easily adsorbs substances, various chemical substances such as carcinogenesis related substances are adsorbed by the carbon particulates flying in the air and humans inhales the carbon particulates which enter the human body, thus causing cancers or respiratory diseases.
In such a circumstance, particulate materials (PM) exhausted from a diesel engine vehicle, in addition to NOx, present a significant problem in emission regulations. To try to solve this problem, a black smoke removing apparatus is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Model Utility Application Nos. Sho 61 - 55114 and Sho 61 - 84851 in which, as an apparatus to protect environmental air from diesel black smoke pollution, a black smoke removing filter made up of a metal fiber, a honeycomb-shaped element or a like is attached to an exhaust gas path of a vehicle-mounted diesel engine. However, such the black smoke removing filter as disclosed above has a shortcoming that its long time use causes clogging of a mesh of the filter due to collected black smoke, which causes a loss of pressure. As a means for solving the problem of clogging of a mesh caused by black smoke, a diesel particulate removing.apparatus is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open Nos. Hei 2 - 173310, Hei 6 - 212954 and Hei 8 - 1935'09 in which a filtering function is regenerated by burning collected diesel particulates. The apparatus of this type is made up of a cylindrical container having an entrance and an exit of exhaust gas, a heater mounted on a side of the entrance of the cylindrical container, a porous foam filter arranged so as to be adjacent to a rear portion of the heater, and a catalyst supporting filter arranged so as to be adjacent to a rear portion of the porous foam filter.
The particulate removing apparatus having such the configurations as above is so configured that exhaust gas introduced from the entrance comes into contact with the heater made of ceramic or metal and already heated, causing ignition and burning of the particulates and the burnt particulates are then collected by the porous foam filter and by the catalyst supporting filter. At this time point, the heat generated by the heater and given off by the exhaust gas is transmitted to the porous foam filter and lets unburned particulates collected by the porous foam filter be ignited and burnt. In the catalyst supporting filter mounted on a lower stream side, since an amount of the heat transmitted from the heater and exhaust gas becomes small, though its temperature becomes low, burning of collected particulates is facilitated by the catalyst supported by the catalyst supporting filter and,.therefore, ignition does not occur and most of collected particulates are burnt and removed at a comparatively low temperature, which, as a result, regenerates functions of the clogged filter.
However, such the conventional particulate removing apparatus has a problem. That is, the configuration in which functions of the filter are to be generated by the heater embedded in the apparatus is idealistic, however, it is complex, expensive, and inferior in durability.
On the other hand, even in a filter in which no clogging of a mesh has occurred, if a large amount of exhaust gas containing large amounts of oxygen, together with black smoke, flows rapidly into a diesel particulate removing apparatus, a phenomenon in which unburned particulates burns in an explosive manner, that is, a phenomenon called "oxygen flash" occurs in the diesel particulate removing apparatus which arouses a fear of a damage of the filter or a like. For example, in a long descent or a like, if a driver presses down on an accelerator after having used an exhaust brake adapted to brake a diesel engine by stopping the exhaust, exhaust gas containing oxygen at a high concentration (for example, being four times higher than usual), together with diesel particulates, flows rapidly into the diesel particulate removing apparatus which causes the diesel particulates to burn in an explosive manner and the temperature generated by the burning reaches up to about 1500°C, thus arousing a fear of melting of, for example, a metal filter.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a particulate removing apparatus being capable of regenerating, with ease and at a low cost, a function of a filter in which advanced clogging of its mesh has occurred and a diesel engine vehicle equipped with the diesel particulate removing apparatus. It is another object of the present invention to provide a particulate removing apparatus which is capable of preventing explosive burning of particulates in a gas caused for some reason and of preventing, even if the explosive burning occurs, burning of the diesel particulate removing apparatus itself and a diesel engine vehicle equipped with the diesel particulate removing apparatus.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a diesel particulate removing apparatus including:
an outer cylinder being attached, in an embedded manner, to an exhaust gas path of a diesel engine and having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of diesel exhaust gas; and
at least one filter being mounted in the outer cylinder to collect, or to collect and burn particulates contained in the diesel exhaust gas to remove them;
In the foregoing, a preferable mode is one wherein a safety valve is mounted in the inner cylinder, which is used to let the diesel exhaust gas flow into the emergency bypass flow-path when pressure in the inner cylinder increases rapidly.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein apertures with lids to attach and detach the two or more filters are mounted on side surfaces of the outer cylinder.
Also, a preferable mode is one that wherein includes:
an outer cylinder being attached, in an embedded manner, to an exhaust gas path of a diesel engine and having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of diesel exhaust gas; and
two or more filters being mounted in the outer cylinder to collect, or to collect and burn particulates contained in the diesel exhaust gas to remove;
A preferable mode is one wherein gaskets are inserted between the two or more filters, between one of the two or more filters placed on a most upstream side and the flow-in cylinder, and between one of the two or more filters placed on a most downstream side and the flow-out cylinder, which make up the inner cylinder of a sealed structure.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein a joint cylinder with the gaskets to connect the two or more filters each other is mounted in the inner cylinder.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein aperture portions with lids to attach and detach each of the two or more filters are formed on a side surface of the outer cylinder.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein, to mount the inner cylinder, lid portions of the apertures for attaching and detaching are opened and then each of the filters is inserted from each of the apertures for attaching and detaching and, to disassemble the inner cylinder, an attaching and detaching unit to take out each of the two or more filters from each of the apertures for attaching and detaching is used.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein the attaching and detaching unit. has a single long bolt or two or more long bolts.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein the attaching and detaching unit has a single long bolt or two or more long bolts and a single double-nut or two or more double-nuts.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein a flat spring member to fix the outer cylinder and inner cylinder and to absorb thermal expansion is mounted in a clearance in an axial direction between the inner cylinder on a side of flow-out or on a side of flow-in of exhaust gas and the outer cylinder.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein the long bolt for the attaching and detaching unit'is inserted into an end portion on a side of flow-in or on a side of flow-out of exhaust gas in the outer cylinder and the flat spring member to absorb thermal expansion is mounted in a clearance in an axial direction between the inner cylinder on the side of flow-out or on the side of the flow-in of exhaust gas and the outer cylinder wherein, when the long bolt is fastened, the flat spring member is deformed by pressure which causes the inner cylinder to be fixed to the outer cylinder.
Also, a preferable mode is one wherein the flat spring member includes a disc spring in a central portion of which an aperture to let the flow-in cylinder or flow-out cylinder be inserted is formed.
Furthermore, a preferable mode is one wherein a clogging alerting sensor to alert an operator to clogging in a mesh of each of the two or'more filters.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a diesel engine vehicle being equipped with the diesel particulate removing apparatus described above.
With the above configuration, a function of a filter in which advanced clogging of its mesh has occurred can be regenerated with ease and at a low cost. Also, explosive burning of diesel particulates caused for some reason can be prevented and even if the explosive burning occurs, burning of the diesel particulate removing apparatus itself can be prevented.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other objects, advantages, and features of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating configurations of a diesel particulate removing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing inner configurations of the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a plan view showing an outer appearance of the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which filter units are being mounted in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing configurations of a detachable unit employed in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the'embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a cutaway cross-sectional view illustrating an entire mechanical configuration of the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a photo illustrating another state in which filter units are being mounted in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is a partially expanded perspective view schematically illustrating configurations of a metal filter to be embedded in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to'the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a partially expanded cross-sectional view schematically illustrating configurations of another metal filter to be embedded in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a partially expanded perspective view schematically illustrating configurations of still another metal filter to be embedded in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a photo showing a state in which the filter units are attached and detached in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 12 is a photo showing a state in which the filter units are attached and detached in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Best modes of carrying out the present invention will be described in further detail using various embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. An aim of regenerating, at ease and at a low cost, a function of a filter in which advanced clogging of its mesh has occurred is achieved by constructing an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder made up of filters or a like so that the outer and inner cylinders are of a dual-cylinder structure and by forming lid-mounted aperture portions used to attach and detach the filters serving as components of the inner cylinder in the above outer cylinder. Unburned particulates remaining in the filter detached from the outer cylinder are burnt in a regeneration furnace and the function of the filter can be regenerated.

Embodiment

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating configurations of a diesel particulate removing apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention. The diesel particulate removing apparatus is mounted on a diesel engine vehicle and, as shown in Fig. 1, is connected to an exhaust gas path 2 of a diesel engine 1. The diesel particulate removing apparatus is made up of an outer cylinder 4 having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of diesel exhaust gas 3 and two or more filter units (two filter units in the embodiment) 5 which are mounted within the outer cylinder 4 and which collect particulates in the diesel exhaust gas 3 or collect and burn collected particulates to remove them. The two filter units 5 connected to each other in a direction along a flow of the diesel exhaust gas 3. The combination of these two filter units 5, a flow-in cylinder 6, and a flow-out cylinder 7 makes up a sealed-structured inner cylinder 8, with portions on sides of the flow-in and flow-out of the exhaust gas 3 being not included in the sealed structure. Thus, the outer cylinder 4 and the inner cylinder 8 are so configured so that the outer and inner cylinders are of a dual-cylinder structure, as a whole.
Inner configurations of the diesel particulate removing apparatus of the embodiment are described by referring to Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 6. Figure 2 is an exploded view showing inner configurations of the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a plan view showing an outer appearance of the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment. Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a state in which filter units are being mounted in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment. Figure 5 is a perspective view showing configurations of a detachable unit employed in the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment. Figure 6 is a cutaway cross-sectional view illustrating an entire mechanical configuration of the diesel particulate removing apparatus according to the embodiment. As shown in Figs. 2 to 6 and as described above, the two cylindrical PM (Particulate Material being black smoke) removing filter units 5 (including the front filter unit 5 and rear filter unit 5), a joint cylinder 9 having a gasket (not shown) used to connect the front filter units 5 to the rear filter unit 5, the flow-in cylinder 6, and the flow-out cylinder 7, are all tightened by an attaching and detaching means 12 (shown as 13A and 13B in Fig. 2) which make up the sealed-structured inner cylinder 8. The flow-in cylinder 6 and a front lid portion 8B in the inner cylinder 8 are welded to each other and the flow-out cylinder 7 and a rear lid portion 8C in the inner cylinder 8 are welded to each other. Between the filter unit 5 mounted on an upstream side and the front lid portion 8B (for the flow-in cylinder 6) is inserted the ring-shaped gasket (not shown). Between the filter unit 5 mounted on a downstream side and the rear lid portion 8C (for the flow-out cylinder 7) is also inserted the ring-shaped gasket (not shown) . These gaskets ensure the sealed structure. These ring-shaped gaskets are composed by ring-shaped metal plates. And two faces of the ring-shaped metal plate are coating with carbon particulates. As shown in Fig. 4, each of the filter units 5 chiefly includes a shorter inner cylinder portion 5A, a roll-shaped filter portion 5B mounted so as to have a common axial center with the inner cylinder portion 5A, a cross-shaped filter receiver 5C, and a three piece composed or a four piece composed blade 5D which is mounted in an axial direction. The three piece composed or the four piece composed blade 5D, as described later, contributes to secure a cross-zonal clearance (an emergency bypass flow-path K) between a external surrounding surface of the inner cylinder 8 and an inner surrounding surface of the outer cylinder 4.
Furthermore a disc spring 20 and a by-pass valve (safety valve) 15 are attached to the front lid portion 8B including the flow-in cylinder 6 as will be described later.
As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6, the outer cylinder 4 chiefly includes a longer outer cylinder portion 4A having apertures on its both sides, a front lid portion 4B, and a cylindrical rear lid portion 4C. The front lid portion 4B has an aperture used to let the flow-in cylinder 6 be inserted in the inner cylinder 8. Also, the cylindrical rear lid portion 4C has an aperture used to let the flow-out cylinder 7 be inserted in the inner cylinder 8. Moreover, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, on side surfaces surrounding the outer cylinder 4 are formed aperture portions 11 with side lids 10, which are used to attach and detach the filter units 5 or a like.
To the rear lid portion 4C is attached the attaching and detaching means 12 to be used freely to attach and detach the inner cylinder 8 and the outer cylinder 4 that houses the inner cylinder 8. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the attaching and detaching means 12 is made up of single, or two or more (in the embodiment) long bolts 13A, 13A, ··· and nuts 13B, 13B, ··· (preferably, double nuts) . On side surface surrounding the flow-out cylinder 7 in the inner cylinder 8 is fitted and welded a force receiving plate 13C which is used to receive pressing force from the above long bolts 13A, 13A, ···.
As shown in Fig. 6, in a clearance in an axial direction between the inner cylinder 8 and outer cylinder 4, that is, in the clearance in the axial direction between the front lid portion 8B in the inner cylinder 8 and the front lid portion 4B in the outer cylinder 4 is formed a disc spring 14 made up of a flat spring member to be used to press the inner cylinder 8 to the outer cylinder 4 for fastening through the disc spring 20 and to absorb thermal expansion. In a central portion of the disc spring 14 is formed an aperture to let the flow-in cylinder 6 in the inner cylinder 4 be inserted.
The diesel particulate removing apparatus of the embodiment is so configured that, while a diesel engine is driven, at time of a rapid increase in pressure of the exhaust gas 3 in the inner cylinder 8 caused for some reason, a cross-zonal clearance between an external surrounding surface of the inner cylinder 8 and an internal surrounding surface of the outer cylinder 4 serves as an emergency bypass flow-path K which prevents explosive burning such as oxygen flash or a like (see Figs. 1 and 6). Therefore, a by-pass valve (safety valve) 15 is mounted which is used to let the exhaust gas 3 be flown through the emergency bypass flow-path K when the pressure in the inner cylinder 8 increases rapidly (see Fig. 1).
In the by-pass valve 15, on a stead basis, a valve bar (not shown) blocks the by-pass valve 15 with a spring force of a compressed coil spring (not shown), otherwise, on a time of emergency, when the exhaust pressure in the inner-cylinder 8 exceeds a specified value the valve bar is backed away and the by-pass valve 15 is opened. As the result through the by-pass valve 15 the exhaust gas in the inner-cylinder 8 is flown into the cross-zonal clearance between the external surrounding surface of the inner cylinder 8 and the internal surrounding surface of the outer cylinder 4 (the emergency bypass flow-path K) and the exhaust gas in the inner-cylinder 8 is exhausted outside of the inner-cylinder 8.
Moreover, in the rear lid portion 4C in the outer cylinder 4 is formed, in addition to a bolt inserting hole, an emergency exhaust exit that serves as an exit for the exhaust gas 3 flown through the emergency bypass flow-path K.
Also, for safety, pressure sensors (clogging alerting sensor) 16 to alert operators to clogging of a mesh of the filter units 5 are attached to a side of an upstream of the exhaust gas 3 and to a side of a downstream of the exhaust gas 3. Moreover, a temperature sensor T is mounted in a central portion of the apparatus. On the side of the upstream of the exhaust gas 3' in the front filter unit 5 is mounted a collision plate 17 adapted to reduce a speed of flow of the diesel exhaust gas 3 flowing out of the flow-in cylinder 6 at a high speed and to disperse the exhaust gas 3 uniformly within the filter unit 5.
Next, a filter portion 5B being a core portion of the filter unit 5 is described by referring to Figs. 8 to 10. As shown in Fig. 1, the filter portion 5B chiefly includes platinum oxidized catalyst 18 supported by a metal mesh mounted on the side of upstream of the exhaust gas 3 and a metal filter 19. Figure 8 is a partially expanded view schematically illustrating configurations of the metal filter 19 being embedded in each of the filter units 5 making up the diesel particulate removing apparatus. The metal filter 19 of the embodiment, as shown in Fig. 8, is made up of wave-shaped roll metal porous bodies 103 which are formed by winding up a metal plate that repeats its rising and falling in a manner to form a sinusoidal wave, in a multi-layer vortex-like manner, on which a plurality of through holes 102 is formed each having a protrusion with a surface 101 in an edge portion. The diesel particulates are made to pass through an interlayer clearance between the metal porous bodies 103 to collect and remove black smoke particulates contained in the diesel exhaust gas 3. The above through holes 102 are formed in a crest portion M and a trough portion v making up the column-like rising and falling. The protrusion with a surface 101 is formed in a manner in which it protrudes on a side of the column-like concave portion 105.
Figure 9 is a partially expanded cross-sectional view schematically illustrating configurations of another metal filter to be embedded in each of the filter units 5 making up the diesel particulate removing apparatus. Figure 10 is also a partially expanded perspective view schematically illustrating configurations of still another metal filter to be embedded in the diesel particulate removing apparatus of the embodiment. The another metal filter, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, is constructed by winding up wave-shaped metal plates 26 that repeat sinusoidal-wave-like rising and falling and metal plates 27 being approximately flat compared with the wave-shaped metal plates 26 and having the approximately same width as that of wave-shaped metal plates 26, with each of the metal plates 26 and each of the metal plates 27 being overlapped one another, in a multi-layer manner. A plurality of through holes 29 each having a protrusion with a surface 28 in an end portion is formed in each of the wave-shaped metal plates 26. The metal plates 26 each repeating a sinusoidal-wave-like rising and falling are wound in a multi-layer vortex-like manner make up a roll metal porous body 30. A plurality of through holes 31 having no protrusion with surfaces is formed on each of the metal plates 27.
Next, operations of the diesel particulate removing apparatus of the embodiment are explained.

Mounting of filter units 5

To attach the filter units 5 to the outer cylinder 4, in other words, to insert the inner cylinder 8 into the outer cylinder 4 for assembly, in a state in which the front lid portion 8B (flow-in cylinder 6) and the rear lid portion 8C (flow-out cylinder 7) are mounted in advance in the outer cylinder 4, side lids 10 of the aperture portions 11 for attaching and detaching are opened first and each of the filter units 5, joint cylinder 9 with a gasket, gaskets of another kind (not shown) are inserted from the aperture portions 11 for attaching and detaching. Next, a long bolt 13A serving as an attaching and detaching means 12 is inserted into a bolt inserting hole formed in the rear lid portion 4C of the outer cylinder 4 and, by using a tool, a nut (double nut) 13B is screwed in to press a disc spring 14 into a clearance in an axial direction between the inner cylinder 8 and outer cylinder 4 on a flow-in side (see Figs. 7, 11, and 12). When the long bolt 13A is fastened, the disc spring 14 is deformed by the pressure, thus causing the inner cylinder 8 to be fixed to the outer cylinder 4 by pressure to form the inner cylinder 8 of a sealed-structure.

Operations of black smoke particulate removing apparatus

The black smoke particulate removing apparatus having the configurations as above is used in a diesel engine vehicle, that is, it is embedded into an exhaust gas path of a diesel engine for use. In the black smoke particulate removing apparatus, while a diesel engine is being operated, as shown in Fig. 8, at time when a diesel exhaust gas passes through the interlayer clearance of the metal filter 19, since the protrusion with a surface 101 acts as an obstacle to a flow F of the exhaust gas, more particularly, as a collision plate, flow speed reducing plate, turn plate, or through hole introducing plate, unburned black smoke particulates flying in the exhaust gas are easily collected by a surface or rear face of the metal filter 19 existing in the vicinity of the protrusion with the surface 101 and/or the through hole 102. Part of the unburned black smoke particulates collected by the metal filter 19 is heated and burnt by the high-temperature metal filter 19 or in the atmosphere (that is, in the exhaust gas) and removed from the metal filter 19, while remaining parts remain adhered to the metal filter 19. As a result, the exhaust gas 3 having passed through the metal filter 19 is exhausted as normal gas containing no black smoke particulates.

Taking-out of filter units 5 and regeneration of functions of filter units 5

When clogging of the mesh occurs the filter unit 5 (metal filter 19), the pressure sensors 16 (clogging alerting sensor) alerts an operator to the clogging of the mesh of the filter units 5. After that, the operator disassembles the inner cylinder 8 and takes out the mesh-clogged filter units 5. To take out the mesh-clogged filter units 5, the side lids 10 of the aperture portions 11 for attaching and detaching are opened and, using a tool, a long bolt 13A serving as an attaching and detaching means 12 mounted on the rear lid 4C in the outer cylinder 4 is loosened. Then, the disc spring 14 is released from pressure which causes each components of the inner cylinder 8 (each of filter units 5, joint cylinder 9 with the gasket, front lid portion 8B on the side of the flow-in cylinder 6, and rear lid portion 8C on the side of the flow-out cylinder 7 (see Figs. 7, 11 and 12) to be disconnected and disassembled. After that, the operator takes out the clogged filter units 5 from the released aperture portions 11 for attaching and detaching and heats them in an exclusive regeneration furnace for specified time and for a specified temperature. By the heating, unburned particulates which have caused the clogging of the mesh of the filter units 5 are burnt and, as a result, functions of the filter units 5 are regenerated. Moreover, components to be taken from the aperture portions 11 for attaching and detaching are not limited to the filter units 5. If necessary, the joint cylinder 9 with the gasket, front lid portion 8B (flow-in cylinder 6) , and rear lid portion 8C (flow-out cylinder 7 ) may be taken out, or these components may be left in the outer cylinder 4.

Re-mounting of filter units 5

To re-mount the filter units 5 in the outer cylinder 4, the side lids 10 of the aperture portions 11 for attaching and detaching are again opened and each of the filter units 5 is inserted from the aperture portions 11. Next, the long bolt 13A serving as the attaching and detaching means 12 is inserted into the bolt inserting hole of the rear lid 4C in the outer cylinder 4 and then the nut (double nut) 13B is screwed in to press the inserted disc spring 14 into the clearance in an axial direction between the inner cylinder 8 and outer cylinder 4 on the side of the flow-in of the exhaust gas 3 (see Figs. 7, 11 and 12). When the long bolt 13A is fastened, the disc spring 14 is deformed by pressure and then the inner cylinder 8 is pressed on the outer cylinder 4 to be fixed and the inner cylinder 8 of a sealed structure is again formed and re-mounting is now completed.

Operations of safety device

While the diesel engine is being operated, if pressure of the exhaust gas 3 in the inner cylinder 8 increases rapidly for some reason, the bypass valve (safety valve) 15 opens. As a result, the high-pressure exhaust gas 3 is exhausted through the opened bypass valve (safety valve) and then through the emergency bypass flow-path K between the external surrounding surface of the inner cylinder 8 and the inner surrounding surface of the outer cylinder 4 from an emergency exhaust hole formed in the rear lid portion 4C in the outer cylinder 4 (see Figs. 1 and 6). Thus, a danger and/or uncomfortable state caused by explosive burning such as oxygen flash or a like can be prevented.
It is apparent that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments but may be changed and modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, in the above embodiment, the attaching and detaching means 12 to connect the inner cylinder 8 and outer cylinder 4 so as to be freely attached or detached is mounted on a flow-out side of the exhaust gas 3. However, the attaching and detaching means 12 may be mounted on the flow-in side of the exhaust gas 3. The attaching and detaching means is not limited to the long bolts 13A, 13A, ··· and the nuts (double nuts) 13B, 13B, ···. Moreover, in the above embodiment, a flat spring member (disc spring 14) is mounted in a clearance in an axial direction between the front lid section 8B in the inner cylinder 8 and the front lid portion 4B in the outer cylinder 4. However, the flat spring member may be mounted between the rear lid portion 8C in the inner cylinder 8 and the rear lid portion 4C in the outer cylinder 4. The flat spring member is not limited to a disc spring.
Moreover, the particulate removing apparatus of the present invention can be applied not only to a diesel engine vehicle but also to all internal combustion engines, for example any internal combustion engine used for an emergency generator, a personal generator, an agricultural implement, and a like. Furthermore, the particulate removing apparatus of the present invention is not limited to be attached to an exhaust gas path of a diesel exhaust gas and it is valuable to be attached to a flow path of different kinds of gases.

Claims

A particulate removing apparatus characterized by comprising:

an outer cylinder (4) being attached, in an embedded manner, to an exhaust gas path (2) and having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of exhaust gas; and

at least one filter (5, 5) being mounted in said outer cylinder (4) to collect, or to collect and burn particulates contained in said exhaust gas to remove them;

wherein said at least one filter (5, 5) make up an inner cylinder (8) and wherein a clearance between said inner cylinder (8) and said outer cylinder (4) functions as an emergency bypass flow-path to be used when pressure in said inner cylinder (8) increases rapidly.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein a safety valve is mounted in said inner cylinder (8), which is used to let said exhaust gas flow into said emergency bypass flow-path when pressure in said inner cylinder (8) increases rapidly.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein apertures with lids to attach and detach said two or more filters (5, 5) are mounted on side surfaces of said outer cylinder (4).
A particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 1, comprising:

an outer cylinder (4) being attached, in an embedded manner, to an exhaust gas path (2) and having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of exhaust gas; and

two or more filters (5, 5) being mounted in said outer cylinder (4) to collect, or to collect and burn particulates contained in said exhaust gas to remove;

wherein said two or more filters (5, 5) are connected to each other in a direction along a flow of said exhaust gas and are combined with a flow-in cylinder (6) and a flow-out cylinder (7) for said exhaust gas to make up said inner cylinder (8) of a sealed structure, with portions on sides of flow-in and flow-out of said exhaust gas being not included in said sealed structure.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein gaskets are inserted between said two or more filters (5, 5), between one of said two or more filters (5, 5) placed on a most upstream side and said flow-in cylinder (6) , and between one of said two or more filters (5, 5) placed on a most downstream side and said flow-out cylinder, which make up said inner cylinder (8) of a sealed structure.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 5, wherein a joint cylinder with said gaskets to connect said two or more filters (5, 5) each other is mounted in said inner cylinder (8).
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein aperture portions with lids to attach and detach each of said two or more filters (5, 5) are formed on a side surface of said outer cylinder (4).
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 7, wherein, to mount said inner cylinder (8), lid portions of said apertures for attaching and detaching are opened and then each of said filters (5, 5) is inserted from each of said apertures for attaching and detaching and, to disassemble said inner cylinder (8), an attaching and detaching unit to take out each of said two or more filters (5, 5) from each of said apertures for attaching and detaching is used.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 8, wherein said attaching and detaching unit has a single long bolt or two or more long bolts.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 8, wherein said attaching and detaching unit has a single long bolt or two or more long bolts and a single double nut or two or more double nuts.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein a flat spring member to fix said outer cylinder (4) and inner cylinder (8) and to absorb thermal expansion is mounted in a clearance in an axial direction between said inner cylinder (8) on a side of flow-out or on a side of flow-in of exhaust gas and said outer cylinder (4).
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 4, wherein, to mount said inner cylinder (8), lid portions of said apertures for attaching and detaching are opened and then each of said filters (5, 5) is inserted from each of said apertures for attaching and detaching and, to disassemble said inner cylinder (8), an attaching and detaching unit having a single long bolt or two or more long bolts to take out each of said two or more filters (5, 5) from each of said apertures for attaching and detaching is used, said long bolt for said attaching and detaching unit is inserted into an end portion on a side of flow-in or on a side of flow-out of exhaust gas in said outer cylinder (4) and said flat spring member to absorb thermal expansion is mounted in a clearance in an axial direction between said inner cylinder (8) on side of said flow-out or on side of said flow-in of exhaust gas and said outer cylinder (4) wherein, when said long bolt is fastened, said flat spring member is deformed by pressure which causes said inner cylinder (8) to be fixed to said outer cylinder (4).
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 12, wherein said flat spring member comprises a disc spring in a central portion of which an aperture to let said flow-in cylinder (6) or flow-out cylinder (7) be inserted is formed.
The particulate removing apparatus according to Claim 1, wherein a clogging alerting sensor to alert an operator to clogging in a mesh of said two or more filters (5, 5).
A particulate removing apparatus, as stated in Claim 1, comprising:

an outer cylinder (4) being attached, in an embedded manner, to an exhaust gas path (2) of a diesel engine (1) and having apertures on sides of flow-in and flow-out of diesel exhaust gas; and

two or more filters (5, 5) being mounted in said outer cylinder (4) to collect or to collect and burn particulates contained in said diesel exhaust gas to'remove them.
A diesel vehicle being equipped with the particulate removing apparatus as stated in Claim 15.