EP1513220A1 - Antenne patch intégrée dans une montre bracelet - Google Patents
Antenne patch intégrée dans une montre bracelet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1513220A1 EP1513220A1 EP03019977A EP03019977A EP1513220A1 EP 1513220 A1 EP1513220 A1 EP 1513220A1 EP 03019977 A EP03019977 A EP 03019977A EP 03019977 A EP03019977 A EP 03019977A EP 1513220 A1 EP1513220 A1 EP 1513220A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bracelet
- wristwatch according
- conductive
- plane
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04G—ELECTRONIC TIME-PIECES
- G04G21/00—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces
- G04G21/04—Input or output devices integrated in time-pieces using radio waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04R—RADIO-CONTROLLED TIME-PIECES
- G04R60/00—Constructional details
- G04R60/04—Antennas attached to or integrated in watch bracelets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
Definitions
- the present invention relates, in general, to the integration of a antenna in a wristwatch, and more particularly, the arrangement in the wristwatch of the ground plane and the radiating element, these two elements forming an antenna.
- the antenna can be used, in particular, to receive and / or transmit radio signals that are transmitted to a radiofrequency module integrated into the shows.
- the watch 1 is formed of a housing 2 containing the radio receiver 3 and a bracelet 4.
- the bottom of the housing comprises a first metal part 5 which forms the mass of the receiver 3.
- the radiating element of the antenna is made by a first metallic conductor 6 disposed inside the bracelet 4 and connected to the input of the radio receiver 3.
- This first conductor 6 is in the form of a sinuous wire between the two side walls of the bracelet 4 whose unfolded length is close to ⁇ / 4, ⁇ being the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the signal to be received.
- the bracelet antenna can also comprise a second conductor 7 arranged in the bracelet and connected to the mass of the receiver.
- This conductor 7 may be in the form of a film.
- Each of them 6 and 7 are respectively disposed in one of the two strands 8 and 9 of the bracelet 4.
- This bracelet antenna behaves like a dipole antenna of length electrical equal to ⁇ / 2.
- the bottom 5 of the housing, or the second strand 9 of the bracelet ensures the grounding of the receiver 3.
- the other strand 8 of the bracelet makes a capacitor sensing the radial field around the arms.
- the dipole is made, at least in part, by the sinuous structure of the first conductor 6 allowing integration of the chord of the antenna in the strand himself. It is also possible to use a metallic bezel 10, shown only in Figure 1 B, isolated from the bottom 5 of the housing to increase the height effective average of the bracelet antenna.
- the electrical connection between the conductive elements 6 and 7 arranged in the strands 8 and 9 of the bracelet and the receiver 3 disposed in the housing 2 can be realized by means of electrical contacts by means of bars, links flexible film or crimped, these elements are not shown in Figures 1A and 1 B.
- the insulation between the receiver mass and the radiating element forming the antenna dipole is ensured by the body of the housing 2 made necessarily necessarily with a insulating material.
- such integrated dipole antenna in the bracelet recommends the use at least for the element radiating a conductor 6 sinuous shape of unfolded length determined depending on the desired wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the signal to receive, which can present, according to the desired reception frequency, problems of robustness of the antenna structure and therefore reliability of operation over time.
- a general object of the present invention is therefore to propose a solution to provide a tight connection between the external antenna elements and the middle part of the watch in a simple, inexpensive and reliable way without the aesthetics of the whole, while ensuring that this set shows bracelet, as well as the antenna that is integrated, is robust.
- the present invention thus relates to a wristwatch of the type mentioned above, the features of which are set forth in claim 1.
- a patch antenna type antenna solution is particularly suitable for these constraints, such an antenna comprising a ground plane, a dielectric substrate and one or more radiating elements of reduced size compared to that of the plane of mass.
- plane of mass one or more surface elements or voluminal conductors connected together and serving as a mass for the module radio frequency.
- the radiating element comprises two surface elements conductors each arranged in a plane substantially parallel to the mean plane defined by the middle and connected together in order to define a cylinder of radiation.
- the two conductive surface elements that can be realized at average respectively of the metal background of the watch and a metal layer applied to part of the non-visible face of the dial so as to be isolated from the middle, the uncoated portion of the dial being formed by a dielectric material.
- the bracelet comprises first and second strands, in each of which a flexible conductive plate is overmolded and connected to the middle by means of conductive fasteners.
- One of the aims of the invention is to integrate an antenna into a wristwatch comprising a radio frequency module for receiving and / or transmitting signals radio.
- a radio frequency module for receiving and / or transmitting signals radio.
- it is preferably provided to use an antenna comprising the largest possible ground plane.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a wristwatch according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- the watch 21 is closed by the top by means of a window 24 supported by the middle part 22 and fixed so sealing, for example, by driving in a material, for example, in Hytrel, making seal.
- the watch is closed from below by means of a metal base 25, isolated from the middle part 22 by means of a joint 43, preferably malleable plastic, for example, Hytrel.
- An enlarged view the dashed area is given in Figure 4.
- the printed circuit 26 supporting the radiofrequency module 27, the clock circuit 28 to which is fixed the movement watchmaker (not shown) and the dial 29 may have openings 31 to through which are visible display means 30 such as, for example, a LCD screen.
- Other display means, not shown here, may also be provided, in particular, needles driven by the movement watchmakers can be placed between the window 24 and the dial 29.
- Receipt and / or emission of electrical signals by the module radio frequency 27 is effected by means of an antenna, advantageously of the type patch, comprising on the one hand a ground plane, the widest possible, and on the other one or more radiating elements, the ground plane and the element (s) radiators being insulated by means of a dielectric element having a permittivity substantially constant as a function of temperature.
- the watch includes a bracelet 32 formed by first and second strands 33 and 34, represented here in a truncated manner, each of the strands being attached to the middle part 22 by means of conductive fasteners.
- the means of fasteners are constituted, for each strand of the bracelet, by two horns 35 metal integral with the middle part 22 between which is arranged a bar 36, also metallic.
- a flexible conductive plate 37 Inside, at least one strand of the bracelet 32, it is planned to arranging a flexible conductive plate 37, whose end, on the middle side, carries out a electrical contact with the fastening means, for example, by folding this end of the plate 37 around the metal bar 36.
- the ground plane of the antenna comprises the conductive plate 37, the means of conductive fasteners 35 and 36 and the metal middle part 22.
- the two strands 33 and 34 of the bracelet are provided each of a conductive plate 37 for the purpose of maximizing the area of the ground plane of the antenna.
- the electrical contact between the ground plane and the radiofrequency module 27 is produced via an annular conductive track printed on the periphery of the printed circuit board 26 making contact with a shoulder ring of the middle provided for this purpose and whose detail is given in Figure 4.
- the radiating element of the antenna comprises at least one surface element conductor arranged in a plane substantially parallel to the mean plane (Y) defined by the middle part 22 and, according to this first embodiment of the invention, this element surface consists of the metal bottom 25, the latter being connected electrically to the radiofrequency module 27 by any suitable means, for example, by means of a screw or any other electrical contact element 42.
- FIG. 3 showing a schematic sectional view of a wristwatch according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- This second embodiment differs from the first mode presented above, basically at the level of the structure used to achieve the radiating element of the antenna. Indeed, it has been demonstrated in the context of the present invention that the radiating element has better characteristics, in particular reception, with a cylindrical radiating structure. So, in order to get this radiating cylinder, the radiating element comprises two conductive surface elements, each being arranged in a plane substantially parallel to the mean plane defined by the middle part 22.
- the two surface elements are constituted, on the one hand, by the metal base 25 and, on the other hand, by a layer metal 38 applied to a portion of the non-visible face of the dial 29, so not to contact the middle part 22, the uncovered portion of the dial being formed by a dielectric material insulating the middle part of this metal layer 38.
- a layer metal 38 applied to a portion of the non-visible face of the dial 29, so not to contact the middle part 22, the uncovered portion of the dial being formed by a dielectric material insulating the middle part of this metal layer 38.
- the electrical contact between the two surface elements forming the cylinder radiating element can be achieved by any suitable electrical contact element 45, such as for example a screw, isolated from the ground plane.
- FIG. 4 shows, by way of example, an enlarged view of the zones in dotted lines of Figures 2 and 3, showing the connections between the radio frequency module 27 and the antenna elements, as well as the insulation of these elements with each other, according to the first and second embodiments of the invention described above.
- the middle metal 22 is an element of the plane of mass and the metal bottom 25 corresponds to the radiating element or only to a part of it.
- the electrical connections of these antenna elements with the radiofrequency module 27 are as follows.
- the middle part 22 presents a shoulder 40 against which rests the printed circuit board 26 supporting the radio frequency module 27.
- a conductive track 41 is deposited at the level of the support zone, that is to say, on the periphery of the circuit printed 26.
- a suitable contact element 42 it will be possible to make the electrical contact, by means of a suitable contact element 42.
- Insulation between the middle and the bottom is achieved by means of an element dielectric 43 waterproof deformable. So, this element 43 not only allows to isolate the ground plane of the radiating element, but also to ensure the tightness of the inside of the watch.
- this dielectric element 43 is a malleable plastic seal having a substantially constant permittivity in temperature function.
- FIG. 5 shows a bottom view of the dial 29 of the watch 21 according to the second embodiment of the invention.
- the openings 31 allowing to see through the dial 29 display elements (not shown here), as well as an opening 48 for passing a shaft supporting means analog display arranged between the dial and the ice.
- fixing means 46 by example screws, which advantageously adds the contact element 45.
- This element 45 is arranged on the metal layer 38 in order to realize the electrical contact between this layer and the radiofrequency module.
- Layer metal 38 can have any shape, but preferably it covers the most large area available.
- the insulation between the middle and the metal layer is made by a peripheral zone 47 not covered by the metal layer 38, this zone 47 being preferably made of a dielectric material with a substantially constant permittivity as a function of temperature.
- a flexible conductive plate 37 whose end, middle side, forms the bar 36, the two elements 36 and 37 being one piece.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Support Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- les figures 1A et 1 B, déjà décrites, montrent une vue de dessus et une vue en coupe d'une antenne bracelet pour récepteur radioélectrique intégré dans une montre selon l'art antérieur ;
- la figure 2 montre une vue schématique en coupe d'une montre bracelet selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
- la figure 3 montre une vue schématique en coupe d'une montre bracelet selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
- la figure 4 montre une vue agrandie des connexions entre le module radiofréquence et les éléments formant antenne, ainsi que l'isolation de ces éléments entre eux, selon les premier et deuxième modes de réalisations de l'invention ;
- la figure 5 montre une vue de dessous du cadran de la montre selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Claims (9)
- Montre (21) bracelet comprenant une carrure (22, 44) définissant un plan moyen (Y), des moyens d'attaches (35, 36) conducteurs du bracelet (32) à la carrure, un module radiofréquence (27) agencé à l'intérieur de la carrure et connecté, d'une part, à un plan de masse et, d'autre part, à un élément rayonnant isolés l'un de l'autre et formant antenne, le plan de masse comprenant au moins une portion surfacique conductrice (37) du bracelet connecté aux moyens d'attaches du bracelet, caractérisée en ce que le plan de masse comprend en outre la carrure qui est conductrice, cette dernière étant connectée depuis l'intérieur au module radiofréquence et en ce que l'élément rayonnant comprend un premier élément surfacique conducteur (25, 38) agencé dans un plan sensiblement parallèle au plan moyen défini par la carrure.
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le premier élément surfacique conducteur est réalisé au moyen d'un fond métallique (25) isolé de la carrure par l'intermédiaire d'un élément diélectrique (43).
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que l'élément diélectrique est formé par un joint plastique malléable ayant une permittivité sensiblement constante en fonction de la température.
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que l'élément rayonnant comprend un deuxième élément surfacique conducteur (38) également agencé dans un plan sensiblement parallèle au plan moyen défini par la carrure et connecté au premier élément surfacique de manière à définir un cylindre de rayonnement.
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 4, comprenant un cadran (29) présentant une première face visible au travers d'une glace (24) et une deuxième face, non visible, opposée à la première face, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième élément surfacique conducteur est réalisé au moyen d'une couche métallique (38) appliquée sur une partie de la face non visible du cadran de manière à ne pas contacter la carrure, et en ce que la partie non recouverte (47) du cadran est formé par un matériau diélectrique isolant la carrure du deuxième élément surfacique.
- Montre bracelet selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, le bracelet (32) comprenant des premier (33) et deuxième (34) brins, caractérisée en ce que la portion surfacique conductrice est formée par une plaque conductrice (37) flexible surmoulée dans un des deux brins du bracelet et connectée à la carrure via les moyens d'attaches.
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le plan de masse comprend en outre une deuxième plaque conductrice (37) flexible surmoulée dans l'autre brin du bracelet et également connectée à la carrure via les moyens d'attaches.
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'attaches comprennent, pour chaque brin du bracelet, deux cornes métalliques (35) solidaires de la carrure entre lesquelles est agencée une barrette (36) métallique et en ce que la ou les plaques conductrices sont repliées autour de la ou des barrettes correspondantes.
- Montre bracelet selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'attaches comprennent, pour chaque brin du bracelet, deux cornes métalliques (35) solidaires de la carrure et en ce que la ou les plaques conductrices (37) présentent une extrémité rigide en forme de barrette (36) coopérant avec les cornes.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03019977.2A EP1513220B1 (fr) | 2003-09-03 | 2003-09-03 | Antenne patch intégrée dans une montre bracelet |
US10/922,829 US7151496B2 (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2004-08-23 | Patch antenna integrated in a wristwatch |
JP2004249937A JP4852235B2 (ja) | 2003-09-03 | 2004-08-30 | 腕時計組込パッチアンテナ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03019977.2A EP1513220B1 (fr) | 2003-09-03 | 2003-09-03 | Antenne patch intégrée dans une montre bracelet |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1513220A1 true EP1513220A1 (fr) | 2005-03-09 |
EP1513220B1 EP1513220B1 (fr) | 2018-10-31 |
Family
ID=34130115
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03019977.2A Expired - Lifetime EP1513220B1 (fr) | 2003-09-03 | 2003-09-03 | Antenne patch intégrée dans une montre bracelet |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7151496B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1513220B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4852235B2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018041996A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | Sigfox | Appareil électronique comportant une structure d'antenne pour l'émission et/ou la réception de signaux radioélectriques et une sangle servant d'attache de l'appareil |
Families Citing this family (30)
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EP1378805B1 (fr) * | 2002-07-02 | 2007-01-17 | CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA Recherche et Développement | Pièce d'horlogerie munie d'une antenne |
CN100590553C (zh) * | 2004-04-24 | 2010-02-17 | 荣胜表业有限公司 | 用于将至少一个电子模块集成于表玻璃之中或之上的方法及用该方法所获得的表玻璃 |
US7513019B2 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2009-04-07 | Microsoft Corporation | Fastening mechanisms maintaining electrical connections among fastened components |
US20060154707A1 (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2006-07-13 | Microsoft Corporation | Non-interfering wireless communication device fastener |
US7463205B2 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2008-12-09 | Microsoft Corporation | Dipole antenna for a watchband |
CN101138131A (zh) * | 2006-05-10 | 2008-03-05 | 日本莱尔德技术株式会社 | 天线模块及无线通信终端 |
US7215600B1 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2007-05-08 | Timex Group B.V. | Antenna arrangement for an electronic device and an electronic device including same |
EP2851755B1 (fr) * | 2007-07-02 | 2019-08-14 | Rolex Sa | Boîte de montre-bracelet étanche |
US20090289855A1 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab | Methods and Apparatus for Providing an Integrated Inverted Loop Antenna in a Wireless Device |
JP5569668B2 (ja) * | 2008-10-20 | 2014-08-13 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電子腕時計 |
KR101587092B1 (ko) * | 2008-11-04 | 2016-01-20 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 이동 단말기 |
JP2011097431A (ja) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | 腕装着型電子機器 |
JP5712814B2 (ja) | 2010-11-12 | 2015-05-07 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | アンテナ内蔵式電子時計 |
US9571612B2 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2017-02-14 | venyard GmbH | Wrist phone with improved voice quality |
JP5218630B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-06-26 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 電波受信機器、および、電波受信機器の製造方法 |
JP5994522B2 (ja) * | 2012-09-24 | 2016-09-21 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | アンテナ内蔵式電子時計 |
US9293810B2 (en) | 2013-01-04 | 2016-03-22 | Filip Technologies Uk Ltd. | Antenna for a wearable device |
US9450297B2 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2016-09-20 | Suunto Oy | Antenna for device having conducting casing |
US10594025B2 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2020-03-17 | Suunto Oy | Coupled antenna structure and methods |
US11059550B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2021-07-13 | Suunto Oy | Diving computer with coupled antenna and water contact assembly |
US10734731B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2020-08-04 | Suunto Oy | Antenna assembly for customizable devices |
US11050142B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2021-06-29 | Suunto Oy | Coupled antenna structure |
EP2806476A1 (fr) * | 2013-05-22 | 2014-11-26 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd. | Cellule électrochimique |
WO2015031249A1 (fr) * | 2013-08-27 | 2015-03-05 | Filip Technologies Uk Ltd. | Antenne pour dispositif pouvant être porté sur soi |
JP6456030B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-12 | 2019-01-23 | シチズン時計株式会社 | 電波腕時計 |
TWI580107B (zh) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-04-21 | 廣達電腦股份有限公司 | 穿戴式裝置 |
TWI798344B (zh) | 2018-02-08 | 2023-04-11 | 芬蘭商順妥公司 | 槽孔模式天線 |
TWI790344B (zh) | 2018-02-08 | 2023-01-21 | 芬蘭商順妥公司 | 槽孔模式天線 |
US10539700B1 (en) | 2019-03-14 | 2020-01-21 | Suunto Oy | Diving computer with coupled antenna and water contact assembly |
US11681327B2 (en) | 2020-06-11 | 2023-06-20 | Apple Inc. | Electronic device |
Citations (4)
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FR2701616A1 (fr) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-08-19 | Crde | Système électronique de transmission à radiofréquence. |
US5646634A (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1997-07-08 | Asulab S.A. | Miniaturized antenna for converting an alternating voltage into a microwave and vice versa, notably for horological applications |
JP2000059241A (ja) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-25 | Nippon Antenna Co Ltd | 小型受信機 |
US6278873B1 (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 2001-08-21 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Wristwatch-type communication device and antenna therefor |
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JPS55103593A (en) * | 1979-01-31 | 1980-08-07 | Sharp Kk | Pulse circuit for maintaining thin layer el element |
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JPH08211166A (ja) * | 1995-02-03 | 1996-08-20 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | 腕時計型電子機器 |
JP3635544B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-20 | 2005-04-06 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 携帯無線機器用アンテナ |
FR2739200B1 (fr) * | 1995-09-26 | 1997-10-31 | Asulab Sa | Piece d'horlogerie comportant une antenne |
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-
2003
- 2003-09-03 EP EP03019977.2A patent/EP1513220B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-08-23 US US10/922,829 patent/US7151496B2/en active Active
- 2004-08-30 JP JP2004249937A patent/JP4852235B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
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FR2701616A1 (fr) * | 1993-02-10 | 1994-08-19 | Crde | Système électronique de transmission à radiofréquence. |
US5646634A (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1997-07-08 | Asulab S.A. | Miniaturized antenna for converting an alternating voltage into a microwave and vice versa, notably for horological applications |
US6278873B1 (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 2001-08-21 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Wristwatch-type communication device and antenna therefor |
JP2000059241A (ja) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-25 | Nippon Antenna Co Ltd | 小型受信機 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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OGAWA K ET AL: "A SCHOULDER-MOUNTED PLANAR ANTENNA FOR MOBILE RADIO APPLICATIONS", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, IEEE INC. NEW YORK, US, vol. 49, no. 3, May 2000 (2000-05-01), pages 1041 - 1044, XP001072686, ISSN: 0018-9545 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2000, no. 05 14 September 2000 (2000-09-14) * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018041996A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-08 | Sigfox | Appareil électronique comportant une structure d'antenne pour l'émission et/ou la réception de signaux radioélectriques et une sangle servant d'attache de l'appareil |
FR3055760A1 (fr) * | 2016-09-02 | 2018-03-09 | Sigfox | Appareil electronique comportant une structure d’antenne pour l’emission et/ou la reception de signaux radioelectriques et une sangle servant d’attache de l’appareil |
CN109661781A (zh) * | 2016-09-02 | 2019-04-19 | 西格弗克斯公司 | 包括用于发射和/或接收无线电信号的天线结构和用于紧固装置的带的电子装置 |
CN109661781B (zh) * | 2016-09-02 | 2021-02-05 | 西格弗克斯公司 | 包括用于发射和/或接收无线电信号的天线结构和用于紧固装置的带的电子装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7151496B2 (en) | 2006-12-19 |
US20050054321A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
JP2005077414A (ja) | 2005-03-24 |
EP1513220B1 (fr) | 2018-10-31 |
JP4852235B2 (ja) | 2012-01-11 |
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