EP1510681B1 - Joint de culasse - Google Patents

Joint de culasse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1510681B1
EP1510681B1 EP04001060A EP04001060A EP1510681B1 EP 1510681 B1 EP1510681 B1 EP 1510681B1 EP 04001060 A EP04001060 A EP 04001060A EP 04001060 A EP04001060 A EP 04001060A EP 1510681 B1 EP1510681 B1 EP 1510681B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coolant
cylinder head
flow
gasket
head gasket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP04001060A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1510681A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Friedow
Dieter Eckert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ElringKlinger AG
Original Assignee
ElringKlinger AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ElringKlinger AG filed Critical ElringKlinger AG
Publication of EP1510681A1 publication Critical patent/EP1510681A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1510681B1 publication Critical patent/EP1510681B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F11/00—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines 
    • F02F11/002—Arrangements of sealings in combustion engines  involving cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/143—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using restrictions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder head gasket, in particular an at least substantially metallic cylinder head gasket, with which the coolant flow can be influenced within a reciprocating internal combustion engine having a plurality of combustion chambers in a row (it can be a so-called in-line engine, but also to a so-called V-engine or another engine with several so-called cylinder banks).
  • the coolant is discharged to the cylinder head, in the region of that end face of the engine, where the coolant flow is introduced into the engine block becomes. If one considers the cylinder head which corresponds approximately to a narrow rectangle in a plan view, then the intake passages are located on one longitudinal side thereof and the exhaust passages on its other, opposite longitudinal side.
  • cylinder head gaskets have also been used which have coolant passage openings not only in the region of one engine front side but also in the regions of the two engine longitudinal sides, with the coolant adjacent the exhaust side of the cylinder head -Passage openings are larger than the intake side of the cylinder head adjacent coolant passage openings of the cylinder head gasket, so that the exhaust gas side of the cylinder head is better cooled.
  • coolant flow occurs in the engine that near the cylinder head gasket, both in the engine block and in the cylinder head, a major flow component of the coolant flow is approximately parallel to the plane defined by the cylinder head gasket or its seal plate (either longitudinally of the cylinder head gasket) Engine or approximately diagonally from an edge of the one narrow side to the diagonally opposite edge of the other narrow side, the latter in the event that the cylinder head gasket on the exhaust side larger coolant passage openings than on the suction side).
  • EP-0 868 603-B1 From the EP-0 868 603-B1 is a multi-layer metallic cylinder head gasket for an in-line engine, which is provided with the sealing plate from approximately vertically projecting flow guide elements for the coolant, which engage formed in the engine block, flows through the coolant coolant cavities. But these flow directing serve exclusively (and for something else they are also not able) to redirect the flow of coolant within this formed in the engine block coolant cavities and to focus on selected locations of the engine block; Alternatively, the same measure is proposed for the cylinder cavities formed in the cylinder head (see Sp. 6, lines 43-46 of EP-0 868 603-B1 ).
  • the cylinder head gasket is therefore flowed perpendicular to the plane of the cylinder head gasket from the cooling water.
  • the molded out of the sheet metal layer collar may have the shape of a widening in the direction of flow nozzle with the plane of the cylinder head gasket vertical axis or the shape of a short piece of pipe whose axis is inclined relative to the perpendicular to the sealing plane by a small acute angle.
  • the cooling water flow through the aforementioned collar caused by the generated by the cooling water pump of the engine pressure difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the cylinder head gasket.
  • the invention was based on the object, in engines of the type described above, in which the lying on the coolant upstream side of the cylinder head gasket coolant is flowed through by the coolant such that at least in a region of this coolant cavity a main flow component of the coolant flow approximately parallel to the sealing plate the cylinder head gasket extends through the cylinder head gasket on the coolant outflow side to produce a more effective directional coolant jet than that of the DE-A-35 43 641 resulting cylinder head gasket is the case.
  • a cylinder head gasket according to the invention is preferably designed so that the outlet end of the coolant flow path formed by the cylinder head gasket with built-in cylinder head gasket facing the cylinder head.
  • the coolant flow prevailing in the cylinder head in the vicinity of the cylinder head gasket can be significantly deflected and / or swirled in the desired manner, thereby eliminating dead zones in the cooling water flow, or can selective locations of the cylinder head be supplied with coolant partial flows by a cylinder head gasket according to the invention ,
  • each cylinder head gasket is designed for a particular engine, that is, the designer of the gasket already has the engine design; therefore, it is permissible to refer to features of the engine block and / or the cylinder head in the definition of the invention relating to a cylinder head gasket.
  • the Fig. 1 schematically shows a part of a sealing plate 10 of a conventional cylinder head gasket, in which coolant passage openings 12 are provided in the form of simple holes.
  • the coolant pressure below the cylinder head gasket ie here in the engine block
  • the Fig. 1 shows the case described above, in which a major flow component of the coolant flow on each side of the cylinder head gasket extends approximately parallel to the plane defined by the seal or its sealing plate.
  • all coolant flows were indicated by flow lines and arrows, and how the Fig. 1
  • partial flows of the coolant flow existing below the sealing plate 10 flow upward through the passage openings 12 of the sealing plate and lead in the area above the passage openings 12 in each case to an albeit relatively slight deflection of the existing above the seal plate 10 coolant flow upwards.
  • a relatively small deflection can be completely insufficient.
  • FIG. 1 is a coolant cavity (so-called water jacket) in the engine block 13 denoted by 13a, and in Fig. 1 illustrated coolant cavities with 14a, 14b and 14c; the Fig. 1 also shows so-called coolant passages 14d whose position in Fig. 2 indicated by dash-dotted lines. Two in Fig. 2 recognizable combustion chambers were designated 13b.
  • the Fig. 3 shows in a plan view a portion of a cylinder head gasket according to the invention with a sealing plate 20 in which a plurality of combustion chamber openings 22, a plurality of screw holes 24 for cylinder head bolts and also a plurality of coolant passage openings 26 are formed.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a section along the line 4-4 in Fig. 3 and thus a section through one of these coolant passage openings 26 with adjacent inventive flow guide.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a single-ply sealing plate 20, from which by punching and bending to form the coolant passage opening 26, a pocket or hutzenförmiges flow guide 28 was formed out, wherein the bag or scoop formed by the flow is open against its direction of flow.
  • a pocket or hutzenförmiges flow guide 28 could also be only a sheet tongue at the flow guide, which was separated at its free end and on both sides by punching of the sealing plate 20 forming sheet, but at its root in the sealing plate forming sheet metal layer passes.
  • the Fig. 4 should, however, as already mentioned, show a pocket-shaped or hat-shaped flow-guiding element, which has been produced in that in the sheet-metal layer forming the sealing plate 20 a particularly straight (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Fig.
  • the Fig. 5 shows the in Fig. 4 shown part of a cylinder head gasket according to the invention, but with the difference that according to Fig. 5 the sealing plate 20A consists of several sheet metal layers, in particular of two spring steel sheet layers 31 and 34, the z. B. 0.2 mm thick, a sheet metal layer 32 made of low-alloy steel with a thickness of z. B. 0.3 to 2 mm, and a stainless steel sheet 33 with a thickness of, for example, 0.12 mm.
  • a flow guide 28A has been formed from the sheet metal sheet 32 in the same manner as in the embodiment of FIG Fig. 4 while only three window-like openings have been punched out of the three other metal sheet layers 31, 33 and 34, so that a coolant through-opening 26A results in the sealing plate 20A.
  • the Fig. 6 schematically shows a punch-bending tool for producing the flow guide 28A in the sheet metal layer 32.
  • This tool has a die 40, on which the sheet metal layer 32 is placed, a hold-down 42 for pressing the sheet metal layer 32 on the die 40, and a punching Deep-drawing punch 44 for punching and bending out of the pocket-or hutzenförmigen flow guide 28A.
  • the Fig. 7 shows in one of the Fig. 1 corresponding section of a part of a sealing plate 20 B, from which a nozzle-like flow guide element 28 B was formed by means of a punching and deep drawing tool, not shown.
  • the sealing plate 20B could also be multi-layered and z.
  • Example, the same structure as the seal plate 20A according to Fig. 5 have, ie four Sheet metal layers 31, 32, 33 and 34, wherein z. B. from the sheet metal layer 32, the flow guide 28B could be formed, which extends through an opening in the sheet metal layer 31 therethrough and below which are provided in the layers 33 and 34 through openings.
  • the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 As a result of the flow guide 28B, no dead zones can form in the coolant cavity 14b.
  • the Fig. 8 shows a flow guide 28C inserted into a single-ply seal plate 20C as shown in FIG Fig. 7 ,
  • the flow guide 28C is inserted into a hole of the seal plate and fixed there, for example, by welding.
  • the flow guide 28C projects far into a coolant cavity, e.g. B. the cavity 14 b, of the cylinder head, so that this coolant cavity is extremely effectively supplied with a directed coolant jet.
  • the tubular flow-guiding element could also be bent in the region of its free end and / or be provided with a nozzle-like outlet end region.
  • a wegerumblendes from the inflow side of a cylinder head gasket according to the invention flow guide can be combined with a wegersharenden from the other side seal flow guide, such.
  • the Fig. 9 shows again a part of a multi-layer seal plate 20E with a coolant passage 26E; On one side of the sealing plate 20E, there is attached a flow guiding element 28E according to the invention, which is a separately manufactured part which has the shape of a curved tube with a fastening flange.
  • FIG. 5 shows a similar flow guide element 28F according to the invention, in which a curved guide blade 28F "extends from a hole 28F 'of a mounting flange which replaces the one in FIG Fig. 9 shown tube occurs.
  • the Fig. 11 shows a flow guide similar to that according to FIG Fig. 8 namely, a flow guide 28G made as a separate part and having the shape of an angled, approximately L-shaped tube.
  • a flow guide 28G made as a separate part and having the shape of an angled, approximately L-shaped tube.
  • On the outer circumference of this tube there are two annular lugs 28G 'and 28G "which form an annular groove and serve to attach the flow guide to a multi-layer seal plate 20 G.
  • This seal plate has an opening 26G in which latches 50 of a sheet metal layer 52 of the seal plate 20G are located which can engage in the aforementioned annular groove so as to hold the flow guide 28G to the seal plate.
  • Particularly advantageous flow guide elements are made of a suitable, sufficiently heat-resistant and in particular elastomeric plastic, which can be produced more easily than metal parts with a favorable with respect to the desired directed coolant flow ratio of diameter to length of the flow.
  • plastic parts can be snapped or vulcanized directly to an opening of the metallic sealing plate or a sheet metal layer thereof.
  • a member is provided on a cylinder head gasket, which exerts on a partial flow of the coolant at the transition from one to the other sealing side a directivity which is significantly greater than that of a simple hole, if such a one Directivity has.
  • the invention for so-called open-deck engines, in which the coolant cavities extend directly to the cylinder head gasket, because then meet even flow guide, which protrude relatively small from the gasket of the cylinder head gasket; in closed-deck engines, at least on the engine block side, adjacent to the cylinder head gasket, there is a plate of the engine block which forms a sealing surface and has coolant openings in this sealing surface or plate which should be penetrated by the flow guide elements according to the invention.
  • the basic concept of the invention can also be used in cylinder head gaskets for engines in which the coolant flows against the cylinder head gasket from the cylinder head side and emerges from the gasket side of the gasket.
  • the two sides of the seal are simply interchanged.
  • the depth over which the flow guide engages in the coolant flow larger, and preferably to select a multiple greater than the thickness of the seal plate.
  • flow guide elements are produced as separate parts, it is advisable to design these as plastic injection-molded parts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Joint de culasse pour un moteur, pour lequel à côté du joint de culasse dans le bloc-moteur (13) est réalisé au moins un premier espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement (13a) traversé par du liquide de refroidissement et dans la culasse (14), au moins un second espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement (14b) traversé également par du liquide de refroidissement, une plaque d'étanchéité (20) du joint de culasse présentant un orifice de passage (26) pour le liquide de refroidissement, par le biais duquel le premier espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement peut être relié au second, et la plaque d'étanchéité présentant au moins un élément de guidage du flux de liquide de refroidissement (28) dépassant de cette dernière, lequel élément de guidage se raccorde à l'orifice de passage pour le liquide de refroidissement et est réalisé de telle sorte que l'élément de guidage du flux forme avec l'orifice de passage pour le liquide de refroidissement une voie d'écoulement et soit conçu pour venir en prise dans au moins l'un des premier et deuxième espaces creux pour liquide de refroidissement ainsi que pour générer un flux de liquide de refroidissement dirigé (30) au niveau de l'extrémité côté sortie de la voie d'écoulement, caractérisé en ce que pour un moteur, pour lequel au moins l'un des premier et deuxième espaces creux pour liquide de refroidissements (13a, 14b) est traversé par du liquide de refroidissement de telle sorte qu'au moins dans une zone de cet espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement, un composant principal du flux de liquide de refroidissement s'étende à peu près parallèlement à la plaque d'étanchéité (20), au moins l'élément de guidage du flux (28) soit réalisé et conçu pour venir en prise dans cet espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement (13a) et conçu de telle sorte qu'il forme en cas de joint de culasse intégré une telle surface de rebondissement et de déviation (28a) pour le composant principal de flux telle que dans l'orifice de passage (26) pour le liquide de refroidissement associé à l'élément de guidage du flux se produise un flux de liquide de refroidissement (30) orienté transversalement à la plaque d'étanchéité.
  2. Joint de culasse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'élément de guidage du flux est réalisé également pour venir en prise dans l'autre espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement et est pourvu, au niveau de l'extrémité côté sortie de la voie d'écoulement, d'une buse pour générer un jet de liquide de refroidissement dirigé dans le second espace creux pour liquide de refroidissement.
  3. Joint de culasse selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de guidage du flux est réalisé au moins dans une zone d'afflux comme une aube directrice.
  4. Joint de culasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de guidage du flux est réalisé au moins dans une zone d'afflux en forme de petit tube.
  5. Joint de culasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de guidage du flux est fabriqué comme une partie séparée et est fixé sur la plaque d'étanchéité.
  6. Joint de culasse selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la plaque d'étanchéité présente au moins une couche de tôle métallique, de laquelle une section de type aube directrice est dépliée dans la zone d'un orifice de passage pour le liquide de refroidissement.
  7. Joint de culasse selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la section de type aube directrice sur la plaque d'étanchéité forme une poche ou un évent s'ouvrant dans un sens à peu près parallèle au plan de la plaque, lequel évent se fond sur ses côtés et sur son fond d'un seul tenant dans la couche de tôle métallique.
  8. Joint de culasse selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la plaque d'étanchéité présente au moins une couche de tôle métallique, de laquelle le bord de l'orifice de passage pour le liquide de refroidissement est déplié par la formation d'un élément de guidage du flux en forme de petit tube et/ou de buse.
  9. Joint de culasse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la plaque d'étanchéité est multicouche et présente une couche de tôle métallique en acier faiblement allié, et en ce que l'élément de guidage du flux est formé par une zone déformée de cette couche de tôle métallique.
EP04001060A 2003-08-25 2004-01-20 Joint de culasse Expired - Fee Related EP1510681B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US647363 2003-08-25
US10/647,363 US6976683B2 (en) 2003-08-25 2003-08-25 Cylinder head gasket

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1510681A1 EP1510681A1 (fr) 2005-03-02
EP1510681B1 true EP1510681B1 (fr) 2008-03-05

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US (1) US6976683B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1510681B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502004006384D1 (fr)

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JP3177841B2 (ja) * 1999-09-08 2001-06-18 石川ガスケット株式会社 シリンダヘッドガスケット

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US20050046119A1 (en) 2005-03-03
DE502004006384D1 (de) 2008-04-17
US6976683B2 (en) 2005-12-20
EP1510681A1 (fr) 2005-03-02

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