EP1502024A1 - Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit mechanischer zwangssteuerung - Google Patents
Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit mechanischer zwangssteuerungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1502024A1 EP1502024A1 EP03735271A EP03735271A EP1502024A1 EP 1502024 A1 EP1502024 A1 EP 1502024A1 EP 03735271 A EP03735271 A EP 03735271A EP 03735271 A EP03735271 A EP 03735271A EP 1502024 A1 EP1502024 A1 EP 1502024A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel injection
- injection valve
- nozzle needle
- fuel
- positive control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/001—Fuel-injection apparatus having injection valves held closed mechanically, e.g. by springs, and opened by a cyclically-operated mechanism for a time
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
- F02M2700/07—Nozzles and injectors with controllable fuel supply
- F02M2700/072—Injection valve actuated by engine for supply of pressurised fuel; Electrically or electromagnetically actuated injectors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel injection valve for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an engine and a method for controlling the fuel injection.
- Fuel injection valves are known from the prior art in different configurations. Modern fuel injection valves are often used in conjunction with accumulator injection systems which have a pressure accumulator for storing the fuel under high pressure. The injectors assigned to the individual combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine are supplied with fuel from this pressure accumulator. The fuel supply to the pressure accumulator takes place via a high pressure pump. Today's internal combustion engines need a precisely defined course of the injection quantity over the injection time in order to meet all requirements with regard to their exhaust gas limit values, their consumption, their noise, etc.
- the volume flow through the nozzle spray nozzles is determined by the cross section that the nozzle needle releases as a function of its respective needle stroke at a specific pressure. At a given pressure, there is therefore a corresponding, precisely defined nozzle needle stroke for each required flow.
- the nozzle needle In order to set a certain volume flow, the nozzle needle would have to be set to a certain stroke value. In order to carry out a specific, shaped injection course, the nozzle needle would have to be raised to several exactly defined positions and possibly even lowered again within one injection cycle.
- there are only two precisely defined needle positions namely zero (Valve closed) and full stroke (valve fully open). Therefore, only two precisely defined flows, namely no flow and the maximum flow, are possible.
- the fuel injection valve according to the invention for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is constructed in such a way that a nozzle needle of the fuel injection valve is mechanically positively controlled.
- This mechanical positive control of the nozzle needle enables a defined approach to any position between the two extreme positions of the nozzle needle, namely completely open and completely closed.
- the mechanical positive control thus provides a stop for the nozzle needle, so that a defined amount of fuel can always be injected into the combustion chamber.
- the mechanical forced control means that fuel injection can also be reproduced in a simple manner. The course of a fuel injection can thus be shaped by appropriately designing the mechanical positive control, ie the geometry of the mechanical positive control.
- the combination according to the invention of a mechanical positive control with a fuel injection valve thus results in a direct coupling of a mechanical control element to the nozzle needle. Because of this forced coupling, there is no longer any degree of freedom for the nozzle needle, since it has to follow the mechanical control element.
- This can also be used for to the person skilled in the art, a precise and reproducible positive control of the nozzle needle can be realized in a surprisingly simple manner, which is in particular independent of the pressure of the injected fuel.
- the mechanical positive control is simple and can be provided relatively inexpensively. Furthermore, only a small installation space is required for the mechanical positive control.
- the combination according to the invention also simplifies the structure of the fuel injection valve, since only a mechanical connection between the mechanical control element and the nozzle needle is necessary.
- the present invention thus enables the fuel injection to be shaped in a surprisingly simple manner, and thus positive effects with regard to the exhaust gas limit values, the consumption and the noise of the internal combustion engine can be made possible.
- the mechanical positive control is preferably provided for opening the nozzle needle and / or for closing the nozzle needle. If the mechanical positive control is to be used both for opening and for closing the nozzle needle, this can preferably be carried out by means of a desmodromic nozzle needle control in which, for example, a first rocker arm is provided for opening and a second rocker arm for closing. Thanks to the desmodromic valve control, the nozzle needle can be opened quickly, even at high speeds, and can remain open as long as desired before it closes again quickly and gently because it is precise.
- the nozzle needle immediately reacts to the specifications of the mechanical control element and is not speed-dependent due to the dynamic spring / mass processes in the medium Springs lagged open or closed valves more or less. If the mechanical positive control is only to be used to open or only to close the nozzle needle, the respective movement preferably takes place counter to one Spring force of a spring and the opposite movement, ie the closing or opening, is carried out by the spring.
- the mechanical positive control takes place directly or indirectly (via mechanical connecting elements) by means of a camshaft or a cam disc or a curve ruler.
- mechanical connecting elements such as Rocker arms, rocker arms, rocker arms or bucket tappets are used to force and / or translate the stroke.
- valve lash compensation elements e.g. with a hydraulic valve lash adjuster.
- the mechanical positive control is three-dimensional.
- the mechanical control elements camshaft, control disc or curve ruler
- the third dimension of the mechanical control curve makes it possible, depending on the load and speed of the internal combustion engine, to also define the optimal needle stroke profiles.
- the fuel injection nozzles are driven via a separate camshaft, which is driven, for example, by an electric motor.
- a separate camshaft which is driven, for example, by an electric motor.
- appropriate sensors and actuators would have to be provided to achieve synchronization with the engine speed.
- a separate mechanical positive control with an integrated individual drive is provided for each fuel injection valve. This enables individual adaptations of the individual fuel injection valves, but this also means a corresponding additional effort, since a mechanical control curve with a corresponding drive must be integrated for each fuel injection valve.
- electric motors, electromagnets, piezo actuators, hydraulic drives and / or spring mechanisms are suitable as drives for the mechanical positive control.
- rotary mechanical control curves camshaft, control disk
- the control curve can be rotated by rotating the rotary control element can be easily adjusted.
- translational control elements linear control cam
- lifting magnets, piezo actuators, hydraulic pistons and / or pneumatic pistons can be used as drives, for example.
- fuel injection can thus be adjusted by adjusting the respective mechanical control elements. The adjustment can be carried out by rotating the control element and / or an axial displacement (in the case of three-dimensional control elements).
- the fuel injection valve according to the invention is particularly preferred in combination with a storage injection system, such as e.g. a common rail system, because here the pressure generation and the pressure storage are taken over by other components.
- the control of the nozzle needle has the sole and sole task of defining the amount of fuel injected as a function of time, depending on the pressure in the pressure accumulator of the accumulator injection system.
- the pressure accumulator makes it possible to maintain a constant pressure, so that the fuel injection can be carried out with the greatest accuracy by the positive control of the valves according to the invention.
- nozzle needle control which is advantageous in many respects is realized in fuel direct injection valves for the person skilled in the art in a surprisingly simple manner.
- Figure 1 is a side view of a fuel injection valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention in the assembled state
- Figure 2 is a sectional view of that shown in Figure 1
- Figure 3a is a sectional view of a camshaft illustrating the basic control principle
- FIG. 4a is a graphic representation of a needle stroke over time in principle when the camshaft shown in FIG. 3a rotates;
- FIG. 3b shows a sectional view of a camshaft which is inversely formed compared to FIG. 3a according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4b shows a graphic representation of the needle stroke over time when the camshaft shown in FIG. 3b rotates
- Figure 5 is a sectional view of a mechanical control element according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 is a graphical representation of the amount of fuel injected as a function of the needle stroke in the control device shown in Figure 5.
- a fuel injection valve according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the fuel injection valve 1 is arranged in a known manner in an engine housing 4 such that it can inject fuel directly into a combustion chamber 5 of the internal combustion engine.
- the fuel-air mixture in the combustion chamber is ignited by means of a spark plug 6.
- a camshaft 2 is provided as a mechanical positive control, which is connected directly to a nozzle needle 7 of the fuel injection valve via a rocker arm 3.
- the fuel injection valve 1 comprises the nozzle needle 7, which releases or closes a sealing seat 8 in order to inject fuel into the combustion chamber 5 or to end an injection.
- the fuel injection valve 1 is formed from a nozzle body 9 and an injector body 15, in which a high-pressure bore 11 is arranged.
- the nozzle needle 7 is arranged in the nozzle body 9 and guided therein.
- the end of the nozzle needle 7 opposite the sealing seat 8 is connected to a pressure pin 12, which serves to fix a pull rod 16.
- a compression spring 13 and a spring adjustment strut 14 are also arranged in the injector body 15.
- the pressure pin 12 also serves as a spring seat for the pressure spring 13 (see FIG. 2).
- the compression spring 13 serves to return the nozzle needle 7 to its closed position on the sealing seat 8.
- the components 9, ⁇ 5 are clamped against one another in a known manner by means of a nozzle clamping nut 10.
- the pull rod 16 is connected to one end of the rocker arm 3, the other end of the rocker arm 3 being connected to the camshaft 2 (see FIG. 2).
- the rocker arm can rotate about an M axis.
- the outer contour of the camshaft 2 specifies the course of the injection of fuel into the combustion chamber.
- the camshaft 2 and the rocker arm 3 are arranged in such a way that the rocker arm 3 remains in constant contact with the camshaft 2 and thus travels the contour of the camshaft about its axis of rotation N. Since the rocker arm 3 rotates about its axis of rotation M and is fixed on the pull rod 16 by means of a nut, for example, the nozzle needle 7 is lifted from its sealing seat via the pull rod 16 and moves upward, so that fuel is injected can.
- the mechanical positive control for the nozzle needle of the fuel injection valve is thus achieved by the connection between the pull rod 16 and the rocker arm 3 with the camshaft 2.
- the rocker arm 3 scans the outer circumference of the camshaft 2 and rotates accordingly about its axis of rotation M, as a result of which the nozzle needle 7 is moved.
- a provision of the Nozzle needle 7 takes place by means of the spring force of the compression spring 13.
- the prestressing force of the compression spring 13 must be greater than the force which results from the pressure in the high-pressure bore 11 and the area pressurized when the nozzle needle 7 is fully open.
- the nozzle needle 7 becomes controlled by a mechanical override. How quickly the nozzle needle 7 moves out of its seat, or how large the needle stroke is at a specific point in time of the injection, or whether the nozzle needle 7 is pressed onto its sealing seat 8 again after a first pre-injection, depends solely on the Geometry of the outer circumference of the camshaft.
- the contact point between the nozzle needle 7 and the control curve must be designed to be correspondingly wear-free.
- the minimum possible surface pressures (Hertzian pressure) should be sought through the largest possible contact radii, the best possible surface qualities, wear-reduced coatings and / or the best possible lubrication conditions.
- the friction can also be influenced by appropriate selection of the materials of the friction partners in contact with one another.
- it must be ensured that the nozzle needle 7 can be freely lowered into its sealing seat 8 in order to close the nozzle. For this purpose, the smallest possible play between the control cam and the nozzle needle is necessary when the nozzle is closed.
- a simple mechanical forced control can thus be provided in order to ensure a high accuracy of the injection and to ensure a very good reproducibility of the individual injection cycles.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 exemplary designs of a rotary mechanical control element such as a camshaft or a control disk are shown first in principle and subsequently according to a second exemplary embodiment.
- the rotary control cam 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow R and has two cutouts 21 and 22 on its circumference in order to define an injection of fuel.
- a first recess 21 with a depth hi is provided for a pre-injection and the second recess 22 extends over more than half of the circumference and is provided for the main injection.
- a small amount of fuel is first injected until the main injection then changes to the height h ma ⁇ at which the nozzle needle is fully open.
- FIG. 4a shows a graphic representation of a needle stroke in principle over time when the camshaft shown in FIG. 3a rotates.
- FIG. 3b shows the special sectional view of a camshaft which is inversely formed in relation to FIG. 3a according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4b shows the needle stroke when the camshaft shown in FIG. 3b rotates over a complete revolution of the rotary control curve 2 over time, the larger the needle stroke, the greater the flow rate.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 A mechanical positive control according to a third exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
- a curve ruler 18 is provided in the mechanical positive control of the third exemplary embodiment in order to carry out a translational mechanical positive control.
- the curve ruler 18 carries out a translatory movement in the direction of the arrow L until it strikes a stop 19.
- the curve ruler 18 is biased by a spring 20, which provides a spring force F.
- the end of the nozzle needle 7 which is constantly in contact with the curve ruler travels the geometry of the curve ruler 18, so that the fuel injection valve is opened and closed in a manner corresponding to the geometry.
- FIG. 6 shows the flow rate Q hyd over the lifting height h N of the nozzle needle 7. An adaptation to different speeds takes place by changing the speed of movement v of the curve ruler 18. Otherwise, this exemplary embodiment corresponds to the previously described exemplary embodiments, so that a further description is not necessary.
- the present invention thus relates to a fuel injection valve and a method for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber 5 of a combustion Engine, wherein a mechanical positive control 2, 3 is provided for a nozzle needle 7 of the fuel injection valve to carry out an injection of fuel.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10219882 | 2002-05-03 | ||
| DE10219882 | 2002-05-03 | ||
| PCT/DE2003/001395 WO2003093670A1 (de) | 2002-05-03 | 2003-04-30 | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit mechanischer zwangssteuerung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1502024A1 true EP1502024A1 (de) | 2005-02-02 |
| EP1502024B1 EP1502024B1 (de) | 2007-07-04 |
Family
ID=29285084
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03735271A Expired - Lifetime EP1502024B1 (de) | 2002-05-03 | 2003-04-30 | Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit mechanischer zwangssteuerung |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7406953B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1502024B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2005529266A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE50307612D1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003093670A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013122317A1 (ko) * | 2012-02-13 | 2013-08-22 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 가스 주입용 체크밸브 구동장치 |
| US10458326B2 (en) * | 2017-01-27 | 2019-10-29 | Caterpillar Inc. | Vee engine dual inboard camshaft system |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL72220C (de) * | ||||
| US2073164A (en) * | 1929-08-21 | 1937-03-09 | Charles D Meyer | Oil engine |
| US2000555A (en) * | 1929-12-20 | 1935-05-07 | Maschimenfabrik Augsburg Nurnb | Drive for fuel pumps for combustion power engines |
| FR707783A (fr) * | 1930-06-24 | 1931-07-15 | Perfectionnements se rapportant à l'injection du carburant liquide dans les moteursà combustion interne | |
| US2306364A (en) * | 1940-06-27 | 1942-12-22 | George A Rubissow | Interruption injection pump and method to apply the same |
| JPS4940569B1 (de) * | 1968-11-15 | 1974-11-02 | ||
| US3698373A (en) * | 1969-12-22 | 1972-10-17 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Fuel injection system for diesel engine |
| FR2094565A5 (de) * | 1970-06-25 | 1972-02-04 | Loby Gilbert | |
| US4141329A (en) * | 1976-04-30 | 1979-02-27 | Foster-Miller Associates, Inc. | Internal combustion engine fuel injection system |
| US4962743A (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1990-10-16 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Injection rate control cam |
| JPH07116942B2 (ja) * | 1989-09-29 | 1995-12-18 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | 副室式断熱エンジン及びその燃料噴射制御装置 |
| JPH04121456A (ja) * | 1990-09-12 | 1992-04-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 直噴式ディーゼルエンジン |
| US5285756A (en) * | 1992-12-16 | 1994-02-15 | Cooper Industries, Inc. | Gaseous fuel injection valve and actuator |
| US5673659A (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1997-10-07 | Chrysler Corporation | Lead screw driven shaft phase control mechanism |
| JPH10231763A (ja) * | 1997-02-18 | 1998-09-02 | Zexel Corp | 燃料噴射ポンプ |
| SE518040C2 (sv) * | 1997-03-17 | 2002-08-20 | Volvo Lastvagnar Ab | Fyrtakts dieselmotor med katalysator |
| US5806499A (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-09-15 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Dedicated overhead cam shaft for unit injector |
| JP3748517B2 (ja) * | 2001-05-08 | 2006-02-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関のバルブタイミング制御装置 |
| JP2004162623A (ja) * | 2002-11-14 | 2004-06-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | エンジンの燃料供給装置 |
-
2003
- 2003-04-30 EP EP03735271A patent/EP1502024B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-30 JP JP2004501796A patent/JP2005529266A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-04-30 WO PCT/DE2003/001395 patent/WO2003093670A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-04-30 DE DE50307612T patent/DE50307612D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-11-02 US US10/979,454 patent/US7406953B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03093670A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US7406953B2 (en) | 2008-08-05 |
| US20050061895A1 (en) | 2005-03-24 |
| DE50307612D1 (de) | 2007-08-16 |
| EP1502024B1 (de) | 2007-07-04 |
| JP2005529266A (ja) | 2005-09-29 |
| WO2003093670A1 (de) | 2003-11-13 |
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