EP1500446A2 - Noyau renforcé pour la coulée de métaux, procédé de fabrication et son utilisation - Google Patents

Noyau renforcé pour la coulée de métaux, procédé de fabrication et son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1500446A2
EP1500446A2 EP04016388A EP04016388A EP1500446A2 EP 1500446 A2 EP1500446 A2 EP 1500446A2 EP 04016388 A EP04016388 A EP 04016388A EP 04016388 A EP04016388 A EP 04016388A EP 1500446 A2 EP1500446 A2 EP 1500446A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
ceramic
reinforcing element
destructible
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04016388A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1500446A3 (fr
Inventor
Ralf Lebbing
Rolf Dipl.-Ing. Pfeifer
Jialin Dr.-Ing. Shen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1500446A2 publication Critical patent/EP1500446A2/fr
Publication of EP1500446A3 publication Critical patent/EP1500446A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/06—Core boxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C21/00—Flasks; Accessories therefor
    • B22C21/12—Accessories
    • B22C21/14—Accessories for reinforcing or securing moulding materials or cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
    • B22C9/106—Vented or reinforced cores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the production of destructible Mold cores for metal casting, in particular destructible shaped cores of green or fired ceramic, the have metallic reinforcing elements and their Removal from the metallic Gusslingen, as well as archetypes for the production of the cores.
  • a destructible mold core having at least one metallic reinforcing element, the vast majority along one of the longitudinal axes of the Mold core is aligned, according to the features of the claim 1, a method for producing the mandrel according to the Features of claim 11, as well as an impression for This method suitable form according to the features of Claim 18.
  • Advantageous embodiments are the subject the dependent claims.
  • a destructible is lost Molded core provided for the metallic casting, by means of at least one metallic reinforcing element mechanically is reinforced.
  • At least one of the metallic ones Reinforcing elements has the form of a tension spring, the at least close to one of the surfaces of the mold core, or ranges close to the core brands.
  • the melting point of or Metallic reinforcing elements is at least at the of the casting metal.
  • a mold core here is one in a mold structure to be understood, for the most part is encircled by the cast metal.
  • the mold core can thereby be completely integrated into the mold, or in this even loosely inserted.
  • To the cores in the sense of The invention includes in particular the structures which are in Cast body to create cavities.
  • one or more metallic Reinforcement elements may be contained in the mandrel, wherein the mandrel itself from green or fired ceramic can exist.
  • the mandrel contains only one metallic reinforcing element, or more elements of the connected to each other. The reinforcing effect is in the Generally higher for green ceramics than for baked ceramics.
  • the mandrels can the same or a different material exist like the rest of the mold.
  • the metallic reinforcing element in this case according to the invention causes an increase in the structural strength in the fine or mechanically highly stressed areas of the mold, as well as extended cantilevered areas.
  • the reinforcing effect especially for the green ceramic is significant.
  • the strength of the metallic reinforcing member is generally well above that of the ceramic material because the casting mold is not fired into a solid and dense ceramic.
  • the increase in strength through the metallic reinforcing element is at least the measure necessary for the undamaged removal of the green ceramic of the mold core from the original mold or for undamaged casting. Since the metallic reinforcing element also remains in the mold core during the casting process, it is expedient to choose the melting temperature of the metallic reinforcing element so that it lies above the casting temperature. At least the melting temperature of the reinforcing element should be above the melting temperature of the cast metal.
  • reinforcing elements include Fe or Ni alloys and steels.
  • Other suitable metals are Ti, W, Nb or Ta alloys.
  • At least one reinforcing element is preferably along one of the longitudinal axes of the mold core, in particular in the area fine and partly self-supporting structures, aligned.
  • At least one reinforcing element according to the invention has the Shape of a tension spring. It is under a tension spring in According to the invention, a machine element with the property to understand themselves under the influence of external forces elastically deform and the work absorbed the discharge by spring back again. These The effect is on technical springs by the selection highly elastic materials and suitable design given. The best known material for such springs is Stole.
  • Tension springs also include coil springs, as well as disc springs, one in the axial direction loaded conical annular disc, the with other disc springs to spring packages (in the same direction Layering) or spring columns (in the case of a change-over arrangement) can be assembled.
  • a preferred embodiment of the tension springs is a, for example made of round wire, helically wound and usable as a tension or compression spring spring having a circular cross-section.
  • the mandrel surrounding the metallic reinforcing element consists of green ceramic.
  • the green ceramic is essentially formed of ceramic material and organic binders in an amount of 0.1 to 8% by weight.
  • the preferred ceramic materials include refractory oxides, in particular the oxides and / or mixed oxides of the elements Al, Zr, Si, Mg, Ca or Ti, or refractory carbides or nitrides of the elements Si and / or Ti. Particular preference is given to ZrSiO 4 , Al 2 O 3 , SiC and / or ZrO 2 .
  • Ceramic binders are those for a Freeze drying process suitable binder prefers. These include in particular gelatin, AgarAgar or agarose and glycerin.
  • the Reinforced cores made of green ceramic also according to the invention without ceramic fire in casting molds for metal casting can be used.
  • This procedure leaves the process step of the ceramic fire saves.
  • the ceramic fire induced shrinkage (Sintering shrinkage) is considerably reduced. It rather occurs only by the thermal decomposition of the organic Binder and the short holding time at the casting temperature caused shrinkage in the mandrel on.
  • the low Strength of the ceramic material produced thereby is characterized by the metallic according to the invention Reinforced reinforcing elements.
  • the low shrinkage of Form cores has a very positive effect on the dimensional accuracy of the Cast off.
  • the green mandrels can both Part of cast ceramic molds, as well be green ceramic.
  • the surrounding the metallic reinforcing element, mold core fired ceramic is the same as those for the green kernels.
  • the fired ceramic typically has a porosity above about 5%.
  • the preferred tension springs include those made of spiral wound round wire constructed springs and tension springs with high spring rate and steels.
  • Reinforcement elements lies in their design as tension springs founded. After casting, the tension spring can be removed from the casting or Gussling be pulled, causing the mandrel in his Inside is mechanically stressed. Usually that suffers ceramic material in this brittle fracture and breaks into little pieces. These small pieces are partly loose out of the casting, or can be easily done by particle beam technology, such. As sandblasting, or Remove water jet technique.
  • Invention is at least one of the metallic Reinforcement elements partly or wholly from the surrounding Mold core separated. In the case of ceramic mandrels finds the separation takes place through a gap.
  • Varaiante finds this Separation by a flexible and compressible hose instead, at least partially made of pyrolyzable material consists. Examples are silicone hoses, as well as with Polymer or wax interspersed glass fiber or Carbon fiber fabric hoses.
  • the gap may be formed in an advantageous manner as a ventilation or venting channel, or as a riser.
  • the venting channel causes an improved decomposition and degassing of the organic binder of the green ceramic during firing.
  • the gap width is typically below 2 cm and preferably in the range of 0.02 to 2 mm.
  • the columns formed around the mainspring, or the reinforcing element can still further improve the mechanical destruction of the ceramic when pulling out by providing a game for reciprocating the reinforcing element.
  • the destructible mandrels according to the invention are in particular for the production of castings with cavities, Recesses or cavities suitable.
  • preferred Field of application are components for internal combustion engines made of steels or light metal, in particular engine blocks.
  • Particularly preferred are ceramic molds with Form cores made of green ceramic used.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for Production of reinforced destructible mandrels for the Metal casting.
  • the original form can be made of almost any hard material consist for example of plastics, ceramics or Metal.
  • the original form is constructed of metal.
  • the original form is divisible from several segments (1) built up.
  • the original form are in this one or more flexible inner molds (2) included.
  • These inner molds are for example made of rubber or silicone built up. Particularly preferred are the inner molds with the Archetype about connection techniques, for example via knobs for fixation (Fixiernoppen (5)) connected.
  • the inner forms made of flexible material typically has undercuts (3) and / or complex geometries.
  • the parent form the may consist of several parts, corresponds to the rough shape of Urmodells, essentially without undercuts and complex Geometries.
  • For filling the original form can filler (7) be provided.
  • the flexible inner shape is after the Freeze the slurry from the frozen ceramic part withdrawn to dry the component in the freeze dryer.
  • One or more Reinforcement elements can also consist of several Be constructed individual elements. For example, that can Reinforcing element of a metal wire (12) and a to consist of this arranged tension spring (10).
  • Another Embodiments of the reinforcing element are, for example Corrugated sheets, spiral wires or disc springs.
  • At least one of the metallic is preferred Reinforcement elements along one of the longitudinal axes of Aligned core.
  • At least one of the metallic is preferred Reinforcement elements fitted so that at least one its ends reach close to the surface of the mold core or out of it.
  • the one end of the metallic one Reinforcement element is at least as close to the Surface that it becomes easily accessible after casting and stretch by external force and from the mold core pull out.
  • the reinforcing elements with pyrolyzable material coated, or with a hose, in particular a Degassing hose, surrounded.
  • the hose is also here at least partially pyrolyzable. Under pyrolysis is here the partial or complete thermal decomposition of the Understand material.
  • the coating or the (Degassing) hose can be used during drying of the slip, and in the sintering of the green ceramic as a buffer for the occurring shrinkage processes act as the corresponding Material of layer or tube is relatively soft.
  • the direct shrinking and tearing of the green or sintered ceramic on the metallic Reinforcement element prevents.
  • Another advantage is the coating or the Degassing hose for the removal of the Reinforcing element after casting from the casting.
  • the coating or the degassing hose at least partly before or at the casting temperature pyrolytic decomposes, a gap is formed during casting, which is called Can degassing channel act.
  • the gap makes it easier
  • the coating can be constructed for example of waxes or thermoplastics.
  • Another embodiment of the invention provides hollow Metallic reinforcing elements, such as pipes or Hollow spirals before.
  • the cavities show a similar Effect like the gaps between reinforcing element and Mold core mass.
  • the Slips typically include powders of refractory oxides or carbides, binders and solvents.
  • the most suitable slips include aqueous Schlicker.
  • binders include the binders which are well suited for freeze-drying processes, For example, gelatin, agaragar, glycerol or agarose.
  • the drying method is chosen such that a minimum of drying shrinkage of the slurry occurs.
  • the Freeze-drying This is only a minimum of shrinkage generated.
  • the ceramic slip is a green ceramic formed with the shape of the later mold core.
  • the mandrel is then released from the original form.
  • the reinforcing elements according to the invention have the mandrel even for complex geometries, high porosity of the green Ceramic and even at a low binder content one sufficient high strength. Also long and thin cores can be without the reinforcement according to the invention Remove problems. As a binder can already minimal Quantities in the range of a few percent by weight are sufficient.
  • preferred Slip compositions have a gelatin content below 3% by weight.
  • the flexible inner mold (2) may optionally be reused.
  • mandrel For the production of castings of the mandrel as complete molds or as part of a mold used.
  • the mandrel both in green form as also be used in burned form.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention sees the Assembly of multi-part molds, such as in Fig. 4 executed before.
  • the mold core (13), as well like the mold (14) as a green ceramic or as a sintered one Ceramics are used. Should simultaneously green and sintered ceramics are used so is the mold (14) preferably made of sintered material and the mold core formed of green material.
  • the mold (14) can be in the same or similar way with reinforcing elements be provided, as the mold core according to the invention.
  • the ceramic cores are lost cores that are destroyed after the casting of the metal and are not reused.
  • the ceramic mandrel is broken by the extraction of at least one of the metallic reinforcing elements.
  • cracks and smaller fragments are formed substantially over the entire contact surface of the reinforcing element and the ceramic mandrel.
  • the thus destroyed ceramic can be removed with relatively little effort from the casting.
  • particle beam technology or water jet technology are used to remove the fragments and remnants of the ceramic from the casting.
  • the reinforcing elements according to the invention have the advantage that they amplified the large-scale destruction of Form cores can be used and thus the demolding of Simplify Gusslings considerably.
  • an initial model of the mandrel was made Made of plastic. This was done by a generative Rapid prototyping process. Then one became the geometry of the initial model roughly representing prototype of several Segments (1) molded from polyurethanes. The gaps between the original model and the stem form were with a poured out thin silicone compound, which after the Curing a flexible inner mold (2) with undercuts (3) trained.
  • the mold was preheated and the hot slip depressurized cast the mold.
  • the slurry was prepared in the following manner: At 60 ° C, a concentrated solution with 25 wt% gelatin was prepared to mix them later in the course at a temperature of about 50 ° C with the ceramic suspension.
  • To prepare the ceramic suspension ZrO 2 , ZrSiO 4 and SiO 2 powder were mixed in a plastic grinding container with Al 2 O 3 milling balls in a planetary ball mill at medium rotational speeds for about 1 hour with water and dispersant. Then the gelatin solution was added and mixed for another 30 minutes.
  • the slip prepared in this way had a gelatin content of 3.7% by weight and a solids content of 60% by weight.
  • the grinding balls were removed and the cooled to a temperature of about 40-45 ° C slip poured into the stem mold with a flexible inner mold. It was then cooled slowly below the gelling temperature of the gelatin (about 35 ° C) and the entire mold was frozen in a refrigerator at -30 ° C. This was followed by the demolding of the stem form, or the detachment of the flexible inner molds.
  • the molded core of frozen slurry was kept for handling at a temperature below about - 10 ° C. An intermediate storage of the mold core at about -2 ° C was possible without prejudice.
  • the molded core of frozen slurry was then at a Temperature of about -30 ° C and a pressure of the order of magnitude from 1-100 Pa freeze-dried.
  • the freeze-dried Component was then again at about 60 ° C in a drying oven dried.
  • the green mold core was turned into a ceramic mold fitted and used to cast a molten steel.
  • the structure of the casting mold corresponded to FIG. 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
EP04016388A 2003-07-21 2004-07-13 Noyau renforcé pour la coulée de métaux, procédé de fabrication et son utilisation Withdrawn EP1500446A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10332904 2003-07-21
DE10332904A DE10332904B3 (de) 2003-07-21 2003-07-21 Verstärkte Formkerne für den Metallguss, Herstellung und Verwendung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1500446A2 true EP1500446A2 (fr) 2005-01-26
EP1500446A3 EP1500446A3 (fr) 2005-09-28

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EP04016388A Withdrawn EP1500446A3 (fr) 2003-07-21 2004-07-13 Noyau renforcé pour la coulée de métaux, procédé de fabrication et son utilisation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US7284589B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1500446A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE10332904B3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005031212A1 (de) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-04 Daimlerchrysler Ag Zerstörbarer Formkern für den metallischen Guss, Herstellverfahren, Urform und Verwendung
DE102018130181A1 (de) * 2018-11-28 2020-05-28 Schubert & Salzer Feinguss Lobenstein Gmbh Zusammengesetzte Gussform, Einzelform und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer zusammengesetzten Gussform

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CN100462162C (zh) * 2007-04-19 2009-02-18 南车眉山车辆有限公司 铁路货车摇枕、侧架整体制芯工艺
DE102009004694A1 (de) * 2009-01-12 2010-12-23 Andreas Roll Gewebekern / Gewebeform
US8137604B2 (en) * 2009-08-26 2012-03-20 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Methods of creating soft formed hoses and molds
US20110132564A1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-09 Merrill Gary B Investment casting utilizing flexible wax pattern tool
US20110132562A1 (en) * 2009-12-08 2011-06-09 Merrill Gary B Waxless precision casting process
US8763247B2 (en) * 2010-10-06 2014-07-01 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Diesel piston with bi-metallic dome
US20120097354A1 (en) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Sand casting a diesel piston with an as-cast, reentrant combustion bowl
KR20130008511A (ko) * 2010-12-07 2013-01-22 미크로 시스템즈, 인코포레이티드 가요성 왁스 패턴 공구를 이용하는 인베스트먼트 주조
US20120285652A1 (en) * 2011-05-09 2012-11-15 Fathi Ahmad Liner for a Die Body
US9061349B2 (en) 2013-11-07 2015-06-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Investment casting method for gas turbine engine vane segment
US11433627B2 (en) 2018-09-21 2022-09-06 Kohler Co. Method of forming fluid channels on a bathtub
CN113458332A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-10-01 共享铸钢有限公司 一种用于砂型铸造的模具及其制作方法
CN114260999A (zh) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-01 江苏永瀚特种合金技术股份有限公司 采用镶嵌铂金丝增加大型定向单晶陶瓷薄弱部位强度的方法
CN115351242A (zh) * 2022-07-19 2022-11-18 石家庄市宏森熔炼铸造有限公司 一种高紧实度静压铸件的生产工艺及铸件

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US3126595A (en) * 1964-03-31 Method of reinforcing green sand cores
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FR2707901A1 (fr) * 1993-07-23 1995-01-27 Peugeot Procédé pour la désagrégation d'un noyau de sable de fonderie.
EP0739666A1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1996-10-30 General Motors Corporation Pièce pour moule à sable et méthode de fabrication
EP1122227A2 (fr) * 2000-02-07 2001-08-08 General Electric Company Procédé pour retirer des composants volatiles d'un article céramique

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DE186179C (fr) *
US3126595A (en) * 1964-03-31 Method of reinforcing green sand cores
GB362090A (fr) * 1930-01-17 1931-12-03 The British Thomson-Houston Company Limited
FR890809A (fr) * 1941-07-01 1944-02-18 Maizena Werke A G Deutsche Procédé de fabrication de masses vibrées pour noyaux de fonderie et liant pour ces masses
US4352387A (en) * 1979-05-24 1982-10-05 Sankyo Oilless Industry, Inc. Process for producing a hollow cast product
WO1986000032A1 (fr) * 1984-06-12 1986-01-03 MIKROVA^oGSAPPLIKATION AB Boite a noyaux et son procede de fabrication
FR2707901A1 (fr) * 1993-07-23 1995-01-27 Peugeot Procédé pour la désagrégation d'un noyau de sable de fonderie.
EP0739666A1 (fr) * 1995-04-28 1996-10-30 General Motors Corporation Pièce pour moule à sable et méthode de fabrication
EP1122227A2 (fr) * 2000-02-07 2001-08-08 General Electric Company Procédé pour retirer des composants volatiles d'un article céramique

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005031212A1 (de) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-04 Daimlerchrysler Ag Zerstörbarer Formkern für den metallischen Guss, Herstellverfahren, Urform und Verwendung
DE102005031212B4 (de) * 2005-07-01 2007-11-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Zerstörbarer Formkern für den metallischen Guss, Herstellverfahren, Urform und Verwendung
DE102018130181A1 (de) * 2018-11-28 2020-05-28 Schubert & Salzer Feinguss Lobenstein Gmbh Zusammengesetzte Gussform, Einzelform und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer zusammengesetzten Gussform

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20050199365A1 (en) 2005-09-15
EP1500446A3 (fr) 2005-09-28
DE10332904B3 (de) 2004-12-23
US7284589B2 (en) 2007-10-23

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