EP1494510B1 - Appareil d'allumage avec déconnexion intelligent - Google Patents

Appareil d'allumage avec déconnexion intelligent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1494510B1
EP1494510B1 EP04012533A EP04012533A EP1494510B1 EP 1494510 B1 EP1494510 B1 EP 1494510B1 EP 04012533 A EP04012533 A EP 04012533A EP 04012533 A EP04012533 A EP 04012533A EP 1494510 B1 EP1494510 B1 EP 1494510B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ignition
time
gas discharge
discharge lamp
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04012533A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1494510A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Friedrich
Stefan Reichel
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Elektrobau Oschatz GmbH and Co KG
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Elektrobau Oschatz GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/042—Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2921—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2925—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ignitor for gas discharge lamps, in particular with electromagnetic ballast and a method for igniting and re-igniting gas discharge lamps.
  • Gas discharge lamps such as sodium vapor lamps, metal halide lamps, in particular when they are designed as high-pressure gas discharge lamps, are usually sensitive to mains voltage fluctuations.
  • the mains voltage superimposed interference voltages can bring the high-pressure gas discharge lamps to extinction.
  • the re-ignition usually requires a lamp-dependent time, which can range from a few seconds to several minutes. This is especially true if the igniter emits ignition voltage, which are sufficient to ignite a cold but not to ignite a hot lamp.
  • EP 0 847 680 B1 discloses a method for operating or igniting high-pressure gas discharge lamps, in which the number of lamp ignitions is counted after an unintentional switch-off of the lamp and the ignition circuit is switched off if the lamp unintentionally returns after a predetermined number of lamp ignitions off.
  • igniters can prevent the unwanted flashing of high-pressure gas discharge lamps.
  • they also tend to be completely intact high-pressure gas discharge lamps even though they have not reached their end of life yet. This effect depends on the power quality. Occur occasional, lamp extinguishing leading to network disturbances and cause an unintentional shutdown, ie extinguishing the high pressure gas discharge lamp these deletion or shutdown operations are counted. In networks with high levels of interference, this can lead to the shutdown of intact lamps, which is not intended. This is particularly undesirable in continuous lighting, such as road tunnels.
  • US-A-5 969 483 describes a ballast for fluorescent lamps with preheated electrodes.
  • a monitoring device is provided which counts the ignition attempts and switches off when a certain number of ignition attempts is exceeded. This principle can not be applied to high-pressure discharge lamps because they switch off at the end of their life, e.g. every hour. It is difficult to distinguish such turn-offs induced by reaching end-of-life from turn-offs caused by line disturbances, i. the mains voltage superimposed interference pulses are caused.
  • the solution to the problem lies in determining a critical burning time and monitoring whether the high-pressure gas discharge lamp burns for longer than this time. If the high-pressure gas discharge lamp meets this condition, it is classified as operable and continues to operate. However, if it switches off within the critical burning time, this is registered. If several such registrations follow each other, these registrations are counted. If the count value exceeds a predetermined or alternatively also predefinable value, the lamp is classified as worn and stopped. For example, this value is set to three events. However, it can be set larger or smaller as needed.
  • the critical firing time is set to be on the one hand so great that a periodic extinction occurring at the end of the life occurs at intervals shorter than the critical firing time, while on the other hand the probability of several consecutive power disturbances that can lead to lamp extinction within the critical burning time is very low.
  • the critical burning time can be set to one or more hours.
  • the ignitor contains a discriminator to distinguish between cold and warm start.
  • This discriminator which is also referred to as a cold-start detection device, preferably sets the resettable extinguishing counter to its initial value upon detection of a cold start, so that high-pressure gas discharge lamps switched off as a defect even in the preceding firing cycle be ignited first. If the counter is set to the value 3, it remains permanently switched off after the third unintentional extinguishing, until the next cold start. If, for example, business locations, other public spaces or other rooms requiring continuous lighting, such as tunnels and the like, are being maintained, all lamps will be ignited at the next start of operation, even those which, as a consequence, turn off unlikely but possible short-term successive network disturbances to have.
  • the ignitors After a short wait, the ignitors have then switched off the really defective lamps. They can then be replaced. In the case of business expenses and similar lighting that is switched off periodically every day and only lights up at night, the distinction between cold and warm start ensures that all lamps are started during a cold start (switching on the lamps in the evening, for example) and after a settling time Switching off the defective lamps no lamp is flashing anymore.
  • the gas discharge lamp 1 is, for example, a sodium vapor lamp, a metal halide lamp or another gas discharge lamp. While one terminal is connected to a reference potential N, its other terminal is connected via an ignition pulse transformer 4 and the ballast 2 to an AC voltage-carrying line L. The reference potential N and the line L can be interchanged with each other.
  • the ballast 2 consists in the simplest case of a series reactor which serves to limit the lamp current of the gas discharge lamp 1 and to stabilize the gas discharge.
  • the Zündimpulstransformator 4 has a secondary winding which is connected between the ballast 2 and the gas discharge lamp 1. Its primary winding is connected to the ignitor 3.
  • the other end of the primary winding of the ignition pulse transformer 4 is connected via a breakdown switch device, such as the Sidac 7, whose other end is connected to the intermediate potential 6.
  • the latter is connected via a current limiting resistor 8 and a capacitor 9 to the reference potential N.
  • the Zündimpulstransformator 4 together with the ignitor 3, a high voltage generator 11.
  • This is associated with a control circuit 12, the terminals 13, 14 are connected in the sense of a parallel connection to the Sidac 7.
  • the control circuit 12 can also be connected in parallel with the capacitor 5.
  • the control circuit 12 is out of sight Sidacs 7 a switch 15, which can short-circuit the Sidac 7, to prevent the generation of ignition pulses.
  • the control circuit 12 includes an electronic circuit 16 for driving the switch 15.
  • the control circuit monitors to the voltage applied to the terminals 13, 14 voltage and evaluates them. It is formed in the preferred case by a microcontroller 17, which is provided with the external circuit shown schematically in FIG.
  • the switch 15 is formed by a thyristor with upstream Graetz bridge 18.
  • the thyristor is a load resistor 19 connected in series.
  • the microcontroller 17 controls the thyristor at its gate.
  • a resistor 21 in conjunction with a Zener diode 22 branches off the operating voltage for the microcontroller 17.
  • the Zener diode 22 may be connected in parallel with a buffer capacitor 23.
  • the Zener diode 22 can also be replaced by a voltage regulator.
  • the microcontroller 17 is associated with a detection device 24 to detect short-term operating voltage dips, which can lead or lead to an inadvertent extinction of the gas discharge lamp.
  • This detection device 24 supplies at operating voltage interruptions, which are bridged by the buffer capacitor 23, a short signal pulse to a corresponding input of the microcontroller 17 to signal to this that now a Wiederzündvorgang is pending.
  • the identification device 24 includes a Zener diode 25 connected to the Graetz bridge 18 and thus to the unfiltered operating voltage, whose other electrode (anode) is connected to the associated input of the microcontroller 17 is connected (dashed components are optional).
  • a resistor 27 and optionally a capacitor 26 are connected to the latter, which are both connected to ground and thus in turn connected to the other end of the Graetz bridge 18.
  • the Zener diode 25 can also be replaced by a resistor.
  • the microcontroller 17 is program-controlled. Its programming takes place in the language suitable for the specific type for performing the function described below.
  • the Sidac 7 again high impedance and the capacitor 5 is in turn recharged through the resistor 8 and the capacitor 9.
  • the ignition pulse transformer therefore generates a train of ignition pulses. With a cold lamp, these usually lead immediately to the ignition of the gas discharge lamp 1. This ignites thus at the first half-wave or shortly thereafter. If the gas discharge lamp 1 burns, the voltage between the ballast 2 and the gas discharge lamp 1 drops so far that the capacitor 5 no longer reaches the breakdown voltage of the Sidacs 7. There are thus no more ignition pulses generated.
  • the microcontroller 17 remains active. Although at the terminals 13, 14, the supply of the control circuit 12 can be omitted for a short time this is bridged by the buffer capacitor 23. However, the Zener diode 25 transmits the operational collapse or the other interfering pulse directly to the input of the microcontroller 17, so that the latter recognizes, in particular on the basis of the sudden increase in voltage between the terminals 13, 14, that the gas discharge lamp 1 has meanwhile been extinguished.
  • the microcontroller 17 remains in its cold ignition mode and allows the immediate generation of ignition pulses.
  • the ignitor 3 is connected to a gas discharge lamp that is difficult to re-ignite, such as, for example, a so-called ceramic burner lamp.
  • the pauses between individual ignition attempts can then be extended, for example to 52 seconds or to 1 minute.
  • the duration of the ignition attempts can be extended, for example to 24 seconds.
  • the number of Wiederzünd drowne occurring in a given period in case of unintentional extinction of the gas discharge lamp 1 can be monitored and any new Bachzünd bath be stopped if a given limit number is exceeded. This avoids that arrived at the end of life lamps that are prone to permanent re-extinction, are constantly re-ignited, which would cause unpleasant Blink effects.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a modified embodiment of the circuit according to FIG. 1, wherein the same reference numerals are used for identical circuit parts, making use of the previous description.
  • the embodiment of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure 1 by the arrangement of the control circuit 12 'in a lamp current-carrying path.
  • FIG 3 illustrates an embodiment of the circuit for the gas discharge lamp 1, which does not require Zündimpulstransformator.
  • the ballast 2 is provided with a tap.
  • This tap is connected via a capacitor 28, a triac 29 and an optional current limiting resistor 31 or alternatively a throttle to the reference potential N.
  • the control electrode of the triac 19 is connected via a diac 32 to a voltage divider consisting of two resistors 33, 34, which taps off the lamp voltage.
  • the resistor 34 is a phase shifter capacitor 35 connected in parallel.
  • the switch 15 serves to inhibit driving pulses of the Diacs 29 to prevent the generation of high voltage pulses. If it is open high voltage pulses are generated until the gas discharge lamp 1 ignites. If, on the other hand, it is closed, the generation of the ignition pulses is omitted.
  • the circuit 16 opens and closes the switch 15 according to the diagrams 5 and 6 and the associated description.
  • FIG 3a illustrates a modified embodiment of the circuit for the gas discharge lamp 1, which does not require Zündimpulstransformator.
  • the ballast 2 is provided with a tap, which is connected via a capacitor 28, a triac 29 and an optional current limiting resistor 31 or alternatively a throttle to the reference potential N.
  • the control circuit 16 described above is not used here to control a switch 15, the ignition pulses of the triac 29 shorts, but it controls the triac 29 directly. Should the generation of Lampenzündimpulsen it is connected to the phase shifter network consisting of the resistors 33, 34 and the capacitor 35 to generate the ignition pulses for the triac 29, if necessary.
  • the detection of hot start situations is carried out as in the circuit of Figure 4 with the corresponding circuit parts are not specified here individually.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the function of the microcontroller 17 as a block diagram.
  • Its input 36 leads to a time filter 37, which examines incoming pulses to see if they arrive at a time interval greater than a minimum time.
  • the time filter 37 serves to distinguish successive extinguishing of the high-pressure gas discharge lamp, which may occur as a repeated flash during the ignition thereof, from unintentional extinction, which may occur during quiet burning of the high-pressure gas discharge lamp 1 as a result of mains disturbances.
  • the time filter 37 may be set to, for example, 1, 3 or 5 seconds. The specified by him minimum time, however, is significantly less than the blinking times occurring at the end of life of the high-pressure gas discharge lamp 1.
  • a cold-start detection device 38 is connected to the input 36, which serves to distinguish a cold start from a warm start. It compares, for example, the time ratio of the arrival of the operating voltage of the microcontroller 17 with the arrival of a signal at the input 36. If this signal arrives rather than the operating capacitor voltage delayed by the buffer capacitor 23, the cold-start detection device outputs 38 at its output 39 from a reset signal. This is routed to one of two alternative reset inputs 41, 42 of a count block 43.
  • the count block 43 has a count input 44 which is connected to the output of the time filter 37. Its own output 45 leads to an input of an OR gate 46, whose output 47 forms the output of the microcontroller 17 and controls the gate of the thyristor 15.
  • the other input of the OR gate 46 leads blocking pulses, which may originate from other unillustrated blocks of the microcontroller 17, for example, to interrupt the ignition operation.
  • the pulses conducted to the counting input 44 also pass to a timer circuit 48 which sets a critical burning time.
  • the critical burning time may be set to, for example, one or two hours.
  • the output of the timer circuit 48 is connected to the reset input 42. If the counter block 43 receives a signal at its reset input 41 or at its reset input 42, it is reset to its original value. At its output 45 it outputs a signal when it has received at its input 44 a predetermined number of counts without having been reset in the meantime.
  • the burning (B) or non-burning (N) of the gas discharge lamp 1 is illustrated as a time diagram.
  • the gas discharge lamp 1 is turned on cold.
  • the count block 43 is thereby reset to its basic value, for example 3, as a result of an output signal of the cold-start detection device 38.
  • the gas discharge lamp 1 for example, as a result of a network failure and this is timely, ie before the expiration of the critical burning time Z, the case of the count block 43 is decremented. He assumes the value 2.
  • the counting block 43 is again decremented. He then has the value 1. If then no extinguishment of the gas discharge lamp 1 more, the critical burning time Z expires and triggered by the last count timer circuit 48 then provides at its output at a time t3 a reset signal for the count block 43. He now has again the value 3. The gas discharge lamp 1 burns undisturbed.
  • the step number x may be a given constant or a variable determined from the history.
  • An ignition method and an ignition device are proposed, in which the intervals between deletion events of a high-pressure gas discharge lamp 1 are monitored.
  • the monitoring of burning or erasing is done by monitoring the burning voltage. Only a certain number of short-term successive deletion events are permitted. If the maximum number of deletion events is reached or exceeded consecutively in the short term, the ignitor or the gas discharge lamp is shut down. If this maximum number is not reached, an event counter is reset to its initial value or it is counted by one or more steps in the opposite direction (n + 1 or n + x).

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Appareil d'allumage (3) pour des lampes à décharge à haute pression (1), et comportant notamment un ballast électromagnétique (2), dans lequel :
    - un générateur de haute tension (11) commandable et qui est raccordé à la lampe à décharge (1), est prévu pour envoyer à cette lampe des impulsions d'allumage,
    - un circuit de commande (12) est raccordé au générateur de haute tension (11) pour commander celui-ci, et il peut fonctionner selon au moins deux modes différents,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    - un dispositif de reconnaissance de démarrage à froid (38), destiné à faire la distinction entre un démarrage à froid et un démarrage à chaud, est relié au circuit de commande (12) où est une partie de celui-ci,
    - un compteur d'extinction (24) réinitialisable et qui est une partie du circuit de commande (12) ou lui est raccordé, sert à compter des extinctions et/ou des allumages de la lampe à décharge (1) et à interrompre d'autres essais d'allumage jusqu'au prochain démarrage à froid, si le nombre compté dépasse une valeur limite,
    - un timer (48) qui fixe un temps d'allumage critique, est déclenché par un allumage de la lampe à décharge (1) et est relié au compteur d'extinctions (43) pour réinitialiser celui-ci lorsque son temps de déclenchement est écoulé,
    de sorte qu'est effectuée une distinction pratiquement très sûre entre les extinctions de lampe se produisant en fin de vie de celle-ci et les extinctions résultant de perturbations du réseau.
  2. Appareil d'allumage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'en amont du compteur d'extinctions (43) est disposé un circuit de filtrage (37) pour compter simplement les extinctions ou les allumages se succédant pendant un bref délai.
  3. Appareil d'allumage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de filtrage (37) occulte les extinctions ou les allumages qui se produisent dans un certain intervalle de temps, comme celui que l'on peut attendre quand a lieu l'allumage d'une lampe à décharge (1) intacte.
  4. Procédé d'allumage de lampes à décharge à haute pression (1) au moyen d'un appareil d'allumage (3), caractérisé en ce que cet appareil surveille, quand la lampe est en service, le nombre d'opérations de réallumage s'effectuant pendant une fenêtre de temps donnée, afin d'effectuer, en surveillant le respect d'une durée critique d'éclairage, c'est-à-dire que cette durée n'est pas dépassée plusieurs fois successivement, une distinction pratiquement très sûre entre les extinctions de lampe se produisant en fin de vie et les extinctions dues à des parasites de réseau,
    et pour cela, une durée critique d'éclairage est déterminée et surveillée pour déterminer a) si la lampe à décharge éclaire plus longtemps que cette durée, ou b) si cette lampe est coupée pendant cette durée critique, ces événements étant enregistrés et comptés pour déterminer une valeur de nombre, faisant que la lampe,
    dans le cas a) est classée comme capable de fonctionner et continue effectivement à fonctionner,
    dans le cas b) est mise à l'arrêt si le nombre compté dépasse une valeur prédéfinie ou pouvant être prédéfinie,
    la lampe à décharge étant de plus bloquée pour d'autres essais d'allumage si un nombre maximal d'opérations de réallumage est dépassé.
  5. Procédé d'allumage selon la revendication 4, dans lequel
    - l'appareil d'allumage (3), quand la lampe à décharge (1) est en service, compte au moyen d'un compteur (43) le nombre des opérations de réallumage et l'augmente d'une unité, chaque fois que depuis la dernière opération de réallumage s'est écoulé un temps qui est plus court qu'un temps minimal,
    - le compteur (43) varie d'une unité ou davantage dans le sens inverse, ou est réinitialisé si depuis la dernière opération de réallumage a été obtenue une durée d'éclairage qui dépasse une durée critiques d'éclairage,
    - l'appareil d'allumage est bloqué pour d'autres essais d'allumage quand le compteur atteint une valeur prédéfinie ou pouvant l'être.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le temps minimal est égal à la durée critique d'éclairage.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une opération de réallumage est prise en compte seulement si l'intervalle de temps la séparant de la dernière opération de réallumage dépasse un intervalle minimal.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'intervalle minimal est essentiellement plus faible que le temps minimal et que la durée critique d'éclairage.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les impulsions de haute tension délivrées par l'appareil d'allumage (11) le sont selon une certaine cadence.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lors d'un réallumage, le circuit de commande (12) enregistre le temps de réallumage s'écoulant entre le début du réallumage et l'allumage effectif, pour prendre en compte un temps d'attente lors de la prochaine opération de réallumage.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le temps d'attente est défini à l'aide du temps de réallumage.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lors d'une opération de réallumage, le circuit de commande (12) enregistre le nombre des essais d'allumage qui ont eu lieu entre le début de réallumage et l'allumage effectif et, lors de l'opération de réallumage suivante, est pris en compte un temps d'attente défini à l'aide du nombre des essais d'allumage précédents.
EP04012533A 2003-07-03 2004-05-27 Appareil d'allumage avec déconnexion intelligent Expired - Lifetime EP1494510B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10330013 2003-07-03
DE10330013A DE10330013A1 (de) 2003-07-03 2003-07-03 Zündgerät mit intelligenter Abschaltung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1494510A1 EP1494510A1 (fr) 2005-01-05
EP1494510B1 true EP1494510B1 (fr) 2007-05-23

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EP04012533A Expired - Lifetime EP1494510B1 (fr) 2003-07-03 2004-05-27 Appareil d'allumage avec déconnexion intelligent

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EP (1) EP1494510B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE363194T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10330013A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1494510T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2283900T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10330014A1 (de) * 2003-07-03 2005-02-03 Elektrobau Oschatz Gmbh & Co. Kg Universelles Zündgerät

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3622984A1 (de) * 1986-07-09 1988-01-21 Norka Norddeutsche Kunststoff Zuendgeraet fuer hochdruckentladungslampen
US5969483A (en) * 1998-03-30 1999-10-19 Motorola Inverter control method for electronic ballasts

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ATE363194T1 (de) 2007-06-15
ES2283900T3 (es) 2007-11-01
EP1494510A1 (fr) 2005-01-05
DK1494510T3 (da) 2007-10-01
DE502004003861D1 (de) 2007-07-05
DE10330013A1 (de) 2005-02-03

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