EP1493967B1 - Incineration system and method - Google Patents
Incineration system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1493967B1 EP1493967B1 EP04076915A EP04076915A EP1493967B1 EP 1493967 B1 EP1493967 B1 EP 1493967B1 EP 04076915 A EP04076915 A EP 04076915A EP 04076915 A EP04076915 A EP 04076915A EP 1493967 B1 EP1493967 B1 EP 1493967B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- incineration
- membrane wall
- water circulation
- bluff body
- boiler
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 240000000467 Carum carvi Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air above the fire
Definitions
- This invention relates to an incineration system, e.g. for the combustion of waste and to collect incineration heat therefrom for the production of e.g. steam or heat. It also relates to a method for operating such incineration system.
- the prior art discloses that the boiler walls and bluff body have in common a water circulation system for taking up incineration heat.
- the object of this invention is to further develop the known incineration system.
- the advantages of this invention are versatile and concern e.g. one or more of the following improvements: efficiency, durability, maintainability, ease of construction, efficiency, complete combustion, reliability, manufacture, retrofit.
- the invention relates to the features of claim 1 or claim 8.
- Fig. 1 shows an incinerator containing a bluff body 14, which is located above the fire grate 10 from below which primary air (arrow A) and from the left of which waste (arrow B) is supplied. Flue gases flow upwards (arrow C), the heat of which is taken up by steam pipes in the front and back walls 11 of the plant.
- the bluff body 14 is positioned such that it influences the incineration process in the combustion zone 12 or post-combustion zone 13 by its position, shape and/or injection of fluid jets 8.
- the bluff body 14 offers a more or less streamlined object inside the upward flow of flue gases. Further details of the incinerator or the bluff body 14 in general can be obtained from e.g. any of the above cited patent publications.
- the incinerator contains a combustion zone 12 with a grate 10 and with a waste supply (arrow B) disposed above said grate and with a flue gas exhaust (arrow C). Between the combustion zone and the flue gas exhaust there is an approximately horizontal connection opening 17 with a cross-section of flow approximately symmetrical relative to the axis of the exhaust C and provided between the combustion zone 12 and the flue gas exhaust C above the merge point of the waste supply B.
- the bluff body 14 is disposed inside said connection opening 17 such that the bluff body 14 extends transversely to the direction of flue gas flow.
- a post-combustion zone is present directly downstream of the connection opening 17 and the bluff body 14. Different from earlier embodiments, this post-combustion zone is NOT Venturi tube-like, however such embodiment of the post-combustion zone also belongs to the invention.
- the heat is also taken up by the boiler side walls 19 (only one visible).
- Fig. 2 shows the bluff body 14 more in detail. As known as such, it is a hollow elongated body, extending in widthwise direction of the incinerator (direction normal to the plane of the paper of fig. 2) and delimited by membrane walls 1 provided by cooling tubes through which water is circulated from headers 15 connected to the natural circulation system 9 of the boiler.
- This cooling function cool the flue gases in the combustion and/or post-combustion zone and the improvement of the combustion process, is also minimizing the fouling of the boiler heat surfaces.
- the inner space of the bluff body 14 is subdivided into four segments 16 by separation panels 2, 4, yielding four separated sub channels 16 extending in the longitudinal direction of the bluff body 14.
- the panels 2, 4 have a simple connection 5, 6, mutually and to the membrane walls 1, such that these panels can easily be disassembled for e.g. repair or to get human access to the internal space of the bluff body 14.
- the connection 5, 6 can e.g. be provided by guide rails in which the edges of the panels 2, 4 are inserted and then fixedly bolted.
- fluid from the sub channels 16 can be injected as the fluid jets 8.
- These fluid jets can have any desired orientation (e.g. upward or downward).
- the jets 8 at one level provide a more or less gap-free grating.
- a bluff body 14 is subdivided into six segments 16, wherein only a part of the membrane walls 1 are shown.
- Fig. 4 shows different arrangements of the partition walls 2-4, such that e.g. ten or even more sub channels 16 can easily be obtained. In stead of being plane as shown, the partition walls 2-4 can also be non-plane.
- the water supply of the membrane walls 1 of the bluff body 14 differs from the prior art.
- the membrane walls 1 are a part of the water/steam circulation system of the cooled boiler side walls 19 of the plant.
- This situation can be illustrated by fig. 2, showing a lower and upper pipe stud 9, mutually in line.
- These pipes are part of a vertical boiler side wall 19 containing a plurality of parallel, upward extending such pipes to delimit the combustion chamber.
- Such wall 19 is typically prefabricated and to connect the membrane wall 1 to the circulation system of the wall 19, the pipe part 9', integrally extending between the upper and lower pipe studs 9, is removed from one or several adjacent pipes and the remaining studs 9 are sealed with sealing caps 18 and connected to the membrane wall 1 as fig. 2 shows, such that the water/steam flows according to the full and dashed lines.
- the supply and exhaust pipes connecting to the headers or manifolds 15 are directly heated by the incinerating process.
- these tubes belong to the water circulation system of the boiler, such that the heat taken up from the membrane wall 1 will be removed from the fluid circulating within these tubes, brought externally from the zone directly heated by the incinerating process within the combustion chamber and related chambers, e.g. the post combustion and flue exhaust.
- connection of the membrane wall 1 to the separate fluid circuit takes place by providing that the manifolds 15 extend through the opposite side walls 19 of the plant such that the supply (lower manifold 15) and exhaust (upper manifold 15) is possible from both longitudinal ends of the bluff body, and the tubes 21, 22 connecting to these manifolds 15 are outside the heated walls and so are protected against direct heating by the incinerating process.
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to an incineration system, e.g. for the combustion of waste and to collect incineration heat therefrom for the production of e.g. steam or heat. It also relates to a method for operating such incineration system.
- From the patent literature several incineration systems are known with a built-in bluff body. Exampes are disclosed in EP-A-0286077 (Temelli); DE-A-3038875 (Temelli); DE-A-4401821 (Kümmel). Generally, a bluff body is installed near the combustion chamber exit and the post-combustion chamber connecting thereto and is used to subdivide and cool the flow of flue gases and inject a process gas, such as secundary air. By this, the combustion is optimised towards e.g. efficiency or complete combustion.
- Further prior art is disclosed by improving combustion and Boiler Performance of New and Existing EFW Plants with the Seghers-IBB-Prism", Mark Ferilleux, Glenn Creten, Joachim Kummel, 6th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers, Estoril, Portugal, 02-05 April 2002; and by "Optimierung der Sekundarlufteindusung in den Feuerraum einer Mullverbrennungsanlage bei Verwendung eines Sekundarluft-Dusenprismas", Gorner, Klasen, Kummel, 19. Deutschen Flammentag, Dresden, 14. und 15. September 1999.
- The prior art discloses that the boiler walls and bluff body have in common a water circulation system for taking up incineration heat.
- The object of this invention is to further develop the known incineration system. The advantages of this invention are versatile and concern e.g. one or more of the following improvements: efficiency, durability, maintainability, ease of construction, efficiency, complete combustion, reliability, manufacture, retrofit.
- In one aspect the invention relates to the features of
claim 1 or claim 8. - The invention is further illustrated by non-limiting embodiments, shown in the annexed drawing, showing in:
- Fig. 1 a cross sectional view of a part of a waste incinerator;
- Fig. 2 a cross sectional view of a bluff body;
- Fig. 3 a perspective, cut away view of another bluff body;
- Fig. 4 a cross sectional view of several designs of the bluff body;
- Fig. 5 and 6 a water circulation system.
- Fig. 1 shows an incinerator containing a
bluff body 14, which is located above thefire grate 10 from below which primary air (arrow A) and from the left of which waste (arrow B) is supplied. Flue gases flow upwards (arrow C), the heat of which is taken up by steam pipes in the front andback walls 11 of the plant. Thebluff body 14 is positioned such that it influences the incineration process in thecombustion zone 12 orpost-combustion zone 13 by its position, shape and/or injection offluid jets 8. Thebluff body 14 offers a more or less streamlined object inside the upward flow of flue gases. Further details of the incinerator or thebluff body 14 in general can be obtained from e.g. any of the above cited patent publications. - It should be appreciated, that generally the incinerator contains a
combustion zone 12 with agrate 10 and with a waste supply (arrow B) disposed above said grate and with a flue gas exhaust (arrow C). Between the combustion zone and the flue gas exhaust there is an approximately horizontal connection opening 17 with a cross-section of flow approximately symmetrical relative to the axis of the exhaust C and provided between thecombustion zone 12 and the flue gas exhaust C above the merge point of the waste supply B. Thebluff body 14 is disposed inside said connection opening 17 such that thebluff body 14 extends transversely to the direction of flue gas flow. - In the incinerator according to fig. 1, a post-combustion zone is present directly downstream of the connection opening 17 and the
bluff body 14. Different from earlier embodiments, this post-combustion zone is NOT Venturi tube-like, however such embodiment of the post-combustion zone also belongs to the invention. - The heat is also taken up by the boiler side walls 19 (only one visible).
- Fig. 2 shows the
bluff body 14 more in detail. As known as such, it is a hollow elongated body, extending in widthwise direction of the incinerator (direction normal to the plane of the paper of fig. 2) and delimited bymembrane walls 1 provided by cooling tubes through which water is circulated fromheaders 15 connected to the natural circulation system 9 of the boiler. This cooling function, cool the flue gases in the combustion and/or post-combustion zone and the improvement of the combustion process, is also minimizing the fouling of the boiler heat surfaces. - As fig. 2 shows, the inner space of the
bluff body 14 is subdivided into foursegments 16 byseparation panels sub channels 16 extending in the longitudinal direction of thebluff body 14. Thepanels simple connection membrane walls 1, such that these panels can easily be disassembled for e.g. repair or to get human access to the internal space of thebluff body 14. Theconnection panels - Through known as such openings or nozzles (not shown) in the
membrane walls 1, fluid from thesub channels 16 can be injected as thefluid jets 8. These fluid jets can have any desired orientation (e.g. upward or downward). Preferably, thejets 8 at one level provide a more or less gap-free grating. - In fig. 3 a
bluff body 14 is subdivided into sixsegments 16, wherein only a part of themembrane walls 1 are shown. - Fig. 4 shows different arrangements of the partition walls 2-4, such that e.g. ten or even
more sub channels 16 can easily be obtained. In stead of being plane as shown, the partition walls 2-4 can also be non-plane. - Installing two or more bluff bodies next to each other is possible, to e.g. further improve the incineration process.
- The water supply of the
membrane walls 1 of thebluff body 14 differs from the prior art. According to the prior art (viz. fig. 5 which schematically shows the prior art water circulation system of the boiler with thesteam drum 20 and (for reasons of clarity) only oneboiler side wall 19 and one boiler front or back wall 11), themembrane walls 1 are a part of the water/steam circulation system of the cooledboiler side walls 19 of the plant. This situation can be illustrated by fig. 2, showing a lower and upper pipe stud 9, mutually in line. These pipes are part of a verticalboiler side wall 19 containing a plurality of parallel, upward extending such pipes to delimit the combustion chamber.Such wall 19 is typically prefabricated and to connect themembrane wall 1 to the circulation system of thewall 19, the pipe part 9', integrally extending between the upper and lower pipe studs 9, is removed from one or several adjacent pipes and the remaining studs 9 are sealed withsealing caps 18 and connected to themembrane wall 1 as fig. 2 shows, such that the water/steam flows according to the full and dashed lines. Thus the supply and exhaust pipes connecting to the headers ormanifolds 15 are directly heated by the incinerating process. - Now (viz. fig. 6 providing a similar view as fig. 5) it is proposed for the first time to arrange that the fluid inlet and outlet of the
membrane wall 1 of thebluff body 14 is not connected to a relevant pipe 9 of a boiler side wall 19 (and also not connected to a relevant pipe 9 of a boiler front or back wall 11), such that it is not part of the circulation system of thewall 11. Instead, themembrane wall 1 is connected to supply 21 andexhaust tubes 22 separate from the pipes of thewall 19. Indeed, as fig. 6 shows, these tubes belong to the water circulation system of the boiler, such that the heat taken up from themembrane wall 1 will be removed from the fluid circulating within these tubes, brought externally from the zone directly heated by the incinerating process within the combustion chamber and related chambers, e.g. the post combustion and flue exhaust. As a sub circuit separated from the sub circuits of theboiler walls common steam drum 20 of the boiler system. In this manner the fluid capacity can be optimised for themembrane wall 1, separate fromwalls - Preferably, the connection of the
membrane wall 1 to the separate fluid circuit takes place by providing that themanifolds 15 extend through theopposite side walls 19 of the plant such that the supply (lower manifold 15) and exhaust (upper manifold 15) is possible from both longitudinal ends of the bluff body, and thetubes manifolds 15 are outside the heated walls and so are protected against direct heating by the incinerating process.
Claims (8)
- An incineration system, e.g. to collect incineration heat, comprising:- an incineration space delimited by boiler walls (11, 19) provided with pipes (9) that are part of a water circulation system for taking up incineration heat; and- a bluff body (14) provided with a membrane wall (1) and arranged within said incineration space and having a longitudinally extending supply channel for injection, through mutually spaced nozzles, of a fluid into the flue gases in e.g. a combustion chamber (12) or a post-combustion chamber (13) of the incinerator space, said supply channel being subdivided into two or more sub-channels (16) and said membrane wall (1) being part of a water circulation system for taking up incineration heat,characterised in that,
the membrane wall (1) is connected to supply (21) and exhaust (22) tubes which are separate from the pipes (9) of the boiler wall (11, 19), such that the heat taken up from the membrane wall (1) by its water circulation system is removed externally from the zone directly heated by the incinerating process. - A system according to claim 1, wherein the water circulation system of the membrane wall (1) is directly connected to the common steam drum (20) of the boiler system.
- A system according to claims 1 or 2, wherein the manifolds (15) of the membrane wall (1) extend through the opposite boiler side walls (19) such that the supply and exhaust of the water circulation system is possible from both longitudinal ends of the bluff body (14), and the tubes (21, 22) connecting to these manifolds (15) are outside the heated walls and so are protected against direct heating.
- A system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a sub-channel (16) debouches at another zone to obtain differences in fluid injection from said bluff body in its circumferential and/or longitudinal direction.
- A system according to any of claims 1-4, wherein said sub-channels are non-concentric or the one sub-channel is present outside the other sub-channel.
- A system according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the bluff body (14) has a sectional shape with substantially parallel walls, e.g. it has an almost constant width over a substantial part of its height, while it is substantially symmetrical relative to a horizontal axis, preferably being substantially symmetrical both in a horizontal and vertical sense.
- A system according to any of claims 1-6, having a post-combustion zone NOT Venturi tube-like.
- A method for operating an incineration system, e.g. to collect incineration heat, said incineration system comprising:- an incineration space delimited by boiler walls (11, 19) provided with pipes (9) that are part of a water circulation system for taking up incineration heat; and- a bluff body (14) provided with a membrane wall (1)and arranged within said incineration space and having a longitudinally extending supply channel for injection, through mutually spaced nozzles, of a fluid into the flue gases in e.g. the combustion chamber (12) or post-combustion chamber (13) of the incinerator space, said supply channel being subdivided into two or more sub-channels (16) and said membrane wall (1) being part of a water circulation system for taking up incineration heat;said method being carried out such that
heat taken up from the membrane wall (1) by its water circulation system is removed externally from the zone directly heated by the incinerating process by means of supply (21) and exhaust (22) tubes which are separate from the pipes (9) of the boiler wall (11) and to which tubes (21, 22) the membrane wall (1) is connected.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL1023805 | 2003-07-03 | ||
NL1023805 | 2003-07-03 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1493967A1 EP1493967A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
EP1493967B1 true EP1493967B1 (en) | 2007-06-06 |
Family
ID=33432536
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04076915A Not-in-force EP1493967B1 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2004-07-04 | Incineration system and method |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1493967B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE364157T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004006804T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100467951C (en) * | 2007-07-18 | 2009-03-11 | 重庆科技学院 | Lateral alternate arranged grate of incinerator and compensation device |
CN100549523C (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-10-14 | 杭州新世纪能源环保工程股份有限公司 | The mechanical compensating mechanism of incineration furnace grate |
FI20075891L (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2009-06-11 | Metso Power Oy | Method for preventing corrosion of heat transfer surfaces in a boiler, and means for introducing an additive |
CH710683B1 (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2021-01-29 | Mokesys Ag | Device for feeding air into the combustion chamber of an incinerator. |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS592768B2 (en) * | 1976-02-10 | 1984-01-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Gas turbine exhaust gas treatment method and device |
DE3038875C2 (en) | 1980-10-15 | 1990-05-31 | Vereinigte Kesselwerke AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Waste incineration plant |
DE3716088A1 (en) | 1987-04-09 | 1989-02-02 | Muellverbrennungsanlage Wupper | METHOD FOR BURNING IN PARTICULAR MUELL |
DE8709386U1 (en) * | 1987-07-08 | 1988-08-18 | Reining-Heisskuehlung, 4330 Muelheim, De | |
WO1991000134A1 (en) * | 1989-07-04 | 1991-01-10 | Fuel Tech Europe Limited | Lance-type injection apparatus for introducing chemical agents into flue gases |
SE502188C2 (en) * | 1992-06-05 | 1995-09-11 | Ulf Hagstroem | Methods and apparatus for avoiding disturbances caused by coatings on feeders for combustion or gasification plants |
DE4236073A1 (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-04-28 | Waermetechnik Dr Pauli Gmbh | Burnout device and method for burning out fuels |
DE4401821C2 (en) | 1994-01-22 | 1998-01-15 | Joachim Dipl Ing Kuemmel | Process for burning substances, in particular waste and biomass, and device for carrying out the process |
-
2004
- 2004-07-04 AT AT04076915T patent/ATE364157T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-07-04 EP EP04076915A patent/EP1493967B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-07-04 DE DE602004006804T patent/DE602004006804T2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1493967A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
DE602004006804D1 (en) | 2007-07-19 |
DE602004006804T2 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
ATE364157T1 (en) | 2007-06-15 |
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