RU2315918C2 - Steel sectional water-heating boiler disassembled from the front - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: the invention is assigned for heating water and may be used in heating engineering.

SUBSTANCE: the boiler has a convection zone divided on two packets located to the right and to the left of fire-chamber and furnace cocks. In the firm frame of the boiler there are fastened the upper and the lower guides into which all screens and sections of convection packets are inserted from the front part whose inlet and outlet sockets are putted out on the front wall of the boiler and are connected between themselves with tubular passages on the flanges, because of that dismantling of all surfaces of heating for repair and replacement is possible.

EFFECT: the invention provides increase of repair capability of boilers.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a power system, can be used in low-power heating boilers, especially in boilers installed on small, cramped and modular boiler rooms.

Currently, there are a large number of boiler houses of small capacity, on which water-heating boilers with a capacity of 0.5 to 2.5 Gcal / h are installed. Often, in such boiler rooms, the actual operating conditions are far from ideal. Network water may be of poor quality due to open tapping and the impossibility of normal water treatment. Many boiler houses do not comply with the requirement of manufacturers to supply water with a temperature of at least 70 ° C to the boiler inlet. This is the reason for increased corrosion of boiler pipes, premature failure of boilers, their frequent replacement, the need for ongoing and major repairs. At low outside temperatures and the absence of a sufficient reserve of thermal capacities, there is a need for operational repair of boilers.

A technical solution is known for the design of a steel sectional boiler according to the patent RU 2133406, F22В 21/00. The boiler contains a firebox made of two side, ceiling and front screens, as well as two convective modules located on the sides of the firebox. The disadvantage of this design is the low maintainability, since in the event of boiler pipes leaking, access to the work area will require dismantling of the lining, and gas cutting will be required to dismantle the sections.

The technical solution according to the patent RU 2213307, F24H 1/00 is also known. This steel sectional boiler contains a firebox made of two side, rear, ceiling and front-hearth screens, as well as left and right economizers, consisting of two collectors in the form of half-pipes with welded in two convective flues located on the sides of the furnace tube sheets and a tightly staggered tube bundle. The direction of movement of the water and its speed are regulated using partitioning units installed in the collectors of the furnace screens and economizers. Flue gases from the furnace through the transshipment walls enter the lateral convective flues, then into the exhaust flues.

This boiler is taken as a prototype.

In the specified boiler, it is possible to remove the front-hearth screen and economizers after disassembling the insulation or lining in the areas where these units are located. However, operational repair of the boiler is difficult. In this boiler, it is impossible to excavate defective pipes by making holes in the collectors, as this will increase the hydraulic resistance of the water path. And to replace the boiler pipes, you will need a laborious disassembly of the lining. The economizer design does not provide for repair of pipes located in the center of the beam, therefore, if a leak occurs even in one pipe, it will be necessary to replace the economizer with a new one. A similar economizer design with horizontal dense convection pipes cannot be used for coal combustion, since the annular space will become clogged with soot deposits, and mechanical cleaning of this space is difficult.

The aim of this invention is to increase the repair ability of a steel sectional water tube boiler, as well as the possibility of a more dense installation of boilers in cramped conditions.

The technical result is achieved as follows. The design is made in the form of a rigid boiler frame with upper and lower guides mounted on it. The convection zone is divided into two packages, which are located to the right and left of the furnace. From the front part into these guides all furnace screens and sections of convective packages are inserted. The detachable connections of the heating surfaces to each other are made outside the boiler on its front wall in the form of pipe transitions on the flanges. The boiler frame from the sides, back and top sides is sealed with non-separable thermal insulation (lining), thermal insulation (lining) of the front part is collapsible. All screens and sections can be removed partially or completely for repair or replacement in the front of the boiler, where there is always a relatively wide technological passage necessary for servicing boilers and supplying fuel. Since the boiler is serviced and repaired from the front, this makes it possible to install the boilers tightly to each other.

Figure 1 shows the front view of the boiler, figure 2 is a top view, figure 3 is a diagram of the movement of water in one of the symmetrical sides of the boiler, figure 4 is a front view of the boiler with a vertical design of boiler pipes in the side screens-partitions and sections of convective packages, in Fig. 5 is a top view of this boiler, in Fig. 6 is a diagram of the movement of water of one of the symmetrical sides of said boiler.

The design is a rigid frame of the boiler 1 with the lower 2 and upper 3 symmetrically fixed guides into which the L-shaped screens 4 are inserted, which are the rear and ceiling screens, front screens 5, side screen-partitions 6, intermediate sections 7 and side sections 8 convective packages. Front and rear screens with a vertical arrangement of boiler pipes. Side screens-partitions and sections of convective packages with a horizontal arrangement of boiler pipes. L-shaped sections 4, front screens 5, side screen-partitions 6 and side sections 8 of convective packages are gas-tight, with spacers (fins) between the boiler pipes. All screens and sections of convective packages are interconnected outside the boiler in its frontal part by pipe transitions on flanges 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. Valves for supplying, discharging and draining water, air exhausting, safety valves and thermometers are installed on protruding manifolds of collectors in front of the boiler. The boiler frame is sealed with a non-separable heat-insulating box (lining) 14. In the front part of the boiler, the thermal insulation (lining) 15 is collapsible.

For boilers where fuel with a large output of volatile substances is burned and soot can be deposited on the surfaces of horizontally arranged pipes, a design with a vertical arrangement of pipes in the side screens-partitions and sections of convective packages is provided (Figs. 4, 5, 6). With this design, the side screens 16 and the side sections 17 of convective bags are connected to the intermediate sections 18 and 19 perpendicular pipe transitions 20 within the boiler and are made in the form of paired sections. The inlet and outlet pipes of the sections of convective packets and screens are connected by pipe transitions on the flanges 21, 22, 23 outside the boiler on its front wall.

To dismantle heating surfaces, it is enough to disassemble the pipe transitions on the flanges, dismantle the lining in the front of the boiler, remove the corresponding section or screen in the front of the boiler for repair or replacement.

When fuel is burned in the boiler furnace, flue gases through festoons formed by the side screen partitions enter the convective ducts 24, then through the exhaust ducts 25 from the back of the boiler enter the common duct.

The movement of water is carried out by two symmetrical flows, which allows to reduce the diameters of the collectors. Water enters the upper collectors of the side sections of convective packages, then passes sequentially through the intermediate sections of convective packages, side screen partitions, front screens, through the L-shaped sections and is discharged into the collection header. The direction of water movement and optimal flow rates inside the screens and sections of convective packages are regulated by installing plugs 26 with slots in the collectors for draining water and air. To ensure the optimum hydraulic resistance of the water path, depending on the heat output of the boiler, the diameters of the collectors and the number of boiler pipes per water course are selected. In the upper part, explosive valves 27 or inspection openings 28 are installed. Inspection openings 29 are installed on the front wall.

Claims (1)

Steel sectional boiler, disassembled from the front of the boiler with a convective zone, divided into two packages, located to the right and left of the furnace, and with screens, characterized in that the upper and lower guides are fixed in the rigid frame of the boiler, into which all are inserted from the front screens and sections of convective packages, the inlet and outlet pipes of which are brought out to the front wall of the boiler and are interconnected by pipe transitions on the flanges, due to which it is possible to dismantle all heating surfaces for repair and exchanges.

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