KR101508755B1 - A HRSG of mono drum type - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a mono drum type heat recovery steam generator which cools the hot exhaust gas generated during combustion or incineration of waste fuels at a low temperature, generates the steam by the heat exchange with the exhaust gas. The mono drum type heat recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a first cavity to form a space for the incineration of waste; a second cavity which is connected to the first cavity, and cools the heat of the exhaust gas generated during the waste incineration to discharge the dust in the exhaust gas; an evaporator consisting of a tube of any shape connected to the water-cooled water tube walls by welding; an evaporator cavity which is disposed between the second cavity and the evaporator, and has an exhaust gas outlet for discharging the heat of the exhaust gas to the outside; and a steam drum which is connected to the panel header of the evaporator cavity by a riser and a downcomer and is disposed at the top.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a mono drum-

The present invention relates to a batch recovery steam generator, and more particularly to a mono-drum type batch recovery steam generator for cooling a waste gas or a high-temperature exhaust gas generated during incineration combustion of fuel to a low temperature and generating steam by heat exchange with exhaust gas .

A heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is an energy recovery heat exchanger that recovers heat from a hot gas stream. The batch recovery steam generator is used in a process (cogeneration) or produces steam that can be used to drive a steam turbine.

Generally, a batch recovery steam generator includes four major components: an economizer, an evaporator, a superheater, and a water preheater. In particular, natural circulation HRSGs include piping to facilitate proper circulation rates on the evaporator heating surface, drum as well as evaporator tubes. The flow-through type HRSG replaces the natural circulation components with a peristaltic evaporator to provide for a higher plant efficiency advance and helps to increase the HRSG lifetime in the absence of a thick wall drum.

The batch recovery steam generator includes one steam drum at the upper side and one or more water drums at the lower side and a tubular group formed by connecting the steam drum and the water drum to each other through a plurality of water pipes, The exhaust gas passes through the heat exchanger to generate steam.

Since the steam generator has to directly insert the water tube into the steam drum and the water drum to communicate with each other, the capacity of the steam generator is increased and the number of the water tubes to be inserted into the drum also increases proportionally, thereby increasing the diameter of the steam drum and the water drum. Further, the thickness of the drum is increased in proportion to the drum diameter and the pressure. Therefore, the drum has a large diameter at a high-pressure large capacity and has a manufacturing limitation due to an increase in thickness.

In particular, due to the nature of the industry, the characteristics of devices are gradually changing with ultra-high pressure and ultra-high capacity, so that the design and manufacture of ultrahigh-pressure and ultra-high capacity are further limited.

In addition, since the heat transfer is performed while the exhaust gas passes through the water tube between the steam drum and the water drum, the water tube of the tube arm part performs heat exchange once, and the thermal efficiency is lowered. And a plurality of drums such as the steam drum and the water drum. Thus, efficiency of space arrangement is low and a large installation area is required.

9, the castable anchor 15 is directly welded to the water pipe 11a, so that when the castable anchor 15 is welded to the water pipe 11a, the welding residual stress and the thermal shock shock, and the water canal 11a directly receives the castable load through the cast anchor 15. As a result, the service life of the water tube 11a, which is one of the most important parts of the pressure tube, is shortened.

Shooter heaters are exposed to high temperature corrosive combustion gases, causing tube damage faster and more frequent than other parts. Repairing and replacing a damaged superheater is time consuming and difficult because it is done in a complicated and narrow space.

In addition, since the structure is such that dust accumulates on the lower drum, it is necessary to periodically perform cleaning after stopping the operation of the apparatus. Because of this, due to the nature of the batch recovery steam generator, it takes a considerable amount of time and money to stop the machine once and then normalize the operation. There is a great difficulty in managing the quality of the product due to the warm up of the piping and the disruption of the supply of steam at the place where the steam is used, and deterioration of productivity.

Therefore, the exhaust steam generator is required to have a structure suitable for continuous operation for a long time because dust is not accumulated in the entire moving passage of the exhaust gas.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2006-0063311 Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0117885

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a mono-drum-type batch recovery steam generator in which an evaporator, a superheater, an economizer, a water-cooled panel hopper and the like are compactly and freely arranged in an evaporator cavity.

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a mono-drum-type batch recovery steam generator in which a superheater is made in a cartridge type so as to facilitate detachment and attachment of a superheater and to facilitate repairing and replacement mounting.

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a mono-drum type exhaust gas recov- ery steam generator capable of preventing pollution by reducing the amount of nitrogen oxides generated due to a low combustion gas temperature and an excess amount of air by a water-cooling system.

In the embodiment of the present invention, a mono-type batch recovery steam generator (hereinafter, referred to as " steam generator ") is provided, which removes a lower drum on which dust contained in exhaust gas is accumulated and has a mono type steam drum and an evaporator installed thereon, Lt; / RTI >

A mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention is a steam generator for generating steam by heat exchange with exhaust gas generated at the incineration of waste, comprising: a first cavity ; A second cavity connected to the first cavity for cooling the heat of the exhaust gas generated when the waste is incinerated and discharging dust of the exhaust gas; An evaporator formed of a tube of arbitrary shape connected to the water-cooled wall water pipe by welding; An evaporator cavity disposed between the second cavity and the evaporator and having an exhaust gas outlet formed thereon for discharging the heat-exchanged exhaust gas to the outside; And a mono-type steam generator connected to the panel header of the second cavity and the evaporator cavity by a downcomer and a riser, the mono type steam generator being disposed at an upper portion of the steam generator.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a castable anchor is welded and fixed to the membrane in the first cavity.

And a water-cooled panel hopper which is connected to the water-cooling wall water pipe and connects the second cavity and the evaporator cavity at the bottom and has an arbitrary inclination angle for smooth discharge of dust.

And a branch tube elbow connected to an adjacent water tube when the optional header is connected to the panel header when the cross section is insufficient for connection to the panel header.

And the tube of the evaporator connected to the water-cooling-wall water tube is formed in a cross-section having an "e" shape.

And a flow control device installed in the water-cooled wall water tube for controlling the water flow in the evaporator to flow in a natural circulation manner.

And the tube of the superheater and the economizer accommodated in the downstream side and the upstream side of the evaporator cavity are formed in a cross-section having an "r" shape.

And a chute blower is installed to remove dust accumulated in the tube bundle of the evaporator tube, the superheater tube, and the economizer tube.

The superheater is characterized in that it is formed in a cartridge shape to facilitate its removal and attachment.

The mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to the present invention configured as described above has the following advantages.

By reducing the number of drums and connecting the evaporator tubes directly to the water-cooled tube without connecting them to the drum, it is possible to miniaturize the drum size and to generate a turbulent flow simultaneously in the water inside the tube and in the exhaust gas outside The self-cleaning function and the heat transfer effect can be maximized to maintain the initial high efficiency.

In addition, the diameter of the drum according to the ultra-high pressure and the super capacity can be increased, thereby overcoming the limit of thickness increase, the evaporator can be easily arranged in the cavity, and the quantity of the evaporator cavity can be controlled according to the structure and the capacity.

In addition, the lower drum on which dust of the exhaust gas is accumulated is removed, and a mono type drum and an evaporator are installed on the upper part to increase heat transfer efficiency due to continuous operation for a long time.

1 is a front view of a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA shown in Fig. 1,
FIG. 3 is a view of a steam generator in a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an economizer, in a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a view of a superheater in a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention,
6 is a view of a water-cooled panel hopper in a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a branch tube elbow, in a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention,
8 is a view illustrating a joint connection of a castable anchor to a water pipe in a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a castable anchor connection in a water tube according to the prior art; Fig.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are intended to illustrate the present invention in a manner that allows a person skilled in the art to easily carry out the invention. And does not mean that the technical idea and scope of the invention are limited.

1 to 8 illustrate a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, which generates steam by heat exchange with exhaust gas generated when incineration of waste is performed, (Not shown) at the opening of the inlet 63 into which flammable waste (hereinafter referred to as "waste") discharged from waste, paper mill, etc. is introduced. The door is mounted to be opened only when the waste is introduced.

Although not shown in the drawing, a gate that can be opened or closed by driving an actuator may be mounted on an outlet of the inlet 63.

A first cavity 10 for burning the waste introduced through the inlet port 63 is formed and the bottom surface of the first cavity 10 is formed to be inclined downward in the direction in which the waste is introduced. This is to ensure that the waste introduced into the inlet 63 can be easily transferred into the first cavity 10. [

The first cavity 10 may be formed in a cylindrical or rectangular shape having a length longer than the diameter so as to secure a residence time and a temperature at which waste heat can be exchanged during combustion.

The first cavity 10 is welded and fixed directly to the membrane 12a by the castable anchor 15 so as not to apply the castable load to the water pipe 11a.

A heat recovery water pipe (11a) is installed in the water pipe wall of the first cavity (10) to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas generated in waste combustion in the first cavity (10). The water tube wall above the first cavity 10 is formed to be upwardly inclined from the edge toward the center so as to smoothly flow the fluid.

A second cavity 20 for cooling the exhaust gas generated at the incineration of the waste to an arbitrary temperature and discharging dust contained in the exhaust gas is connected to the upper portion of the first cavity 10 so as to communicate with the upper portion. The water tube wall above the second cavity 20 is formed to be upwardly inclined from the edge toward the center so that the fluid flows smoothly.

A water-cooled panel hopper 25 having an arbitrary angle of inclination is installed in the second cavity 20 and the evaporator cavity 30 so that the second cavity 20 and the evaporator cavity 30 can be smoothly discharged by gravity, And connected to the water-cooled wall water pipes 11c and 11b.

The evaporator cavity (30) is connected to the lower part of the second cavity (20). An exhaust gas outlet (45) for exhausting heat-exchanged exhaust gas to the outside is formed on the evaporator cavity (30).

The exhaust gas outlet 45 is formed in the exhaust gas flow direction so that the exhaust gas outlet 45 can be easily coupled to the downstream equipment by a duct (not shown). Further, the exhaust gas outlet 45 is formed in a shape that reduces dead space and does not deposit dust of the exhaust gas.

In the evaporator cavity 30, an evaporator tube 40, a superheater tube 41, and an economizer tube 42 are accommodated in one or more stages. The tubes of the evaporator 40 are directly welded to the water-cooling wall water pipe 11c.

The tubes 40, 41, and 42 are heat-exchanged several times with the exhaust gas passing through them, and can generate a vortex in the fluid inside the tubes 40, 41, and the exhaust gas outside And the cross-section is formed in an " r " shape to maximize self-cleaning and heat transfer effects.

A soot blower is installed to remove dust accumulated in the tube bundle of the evaporator tube 40, the superheater tube 41 and the economizer tube 42. A space for maintenance of the apparatus is secured inside the evaporator cavity 30, and an opening 62 for access is provided.

The superheater tube 41 is made of a cartridge type so that the superheater tube 41 can easily be detached and adhered thereto.

The header for supplying or supplying the water to the economizer tube 42 is extended to the upper portion of the evaporator cavity 30 and connected to the mono type steam drum 50. The mono type steam drum 50 is connected to the second cavity 20 and the panel headers 13b and 14a of the evaporator cavity 30 by a downcomer 51 and a riser 52. [

The downcomer 51 and the riser 52 are made of a stretch absorbing loop structure so that they can flexibly absorb the expansion and contraction due to thermal expansion by themselves without using a separate expansion joint. That is, the expansion and contraction due to the thermal expansion in the upper, lower, left, and right directions can be eliminated in the stretch absorbing loop.

When an arbitrary water pipe 13d is connected to the upper panel header 13b by connecting the water pipe 13d to the upper panel header 13b, if the cross section for joining to the panel header 13b is insufficient, the arbitrary water pipe a is connected to the adjacent water pipe 13d A branch tube elbow 17 may be provided.

A flow control device (11p) for controlling the flow of water in the evaporator (40) in a natural circulation manner is installed inside the water-cooling wall water pipe (11c).

Although not shown in the drawings, the first cavity 10, the second cavity 20, the evaporator cavity 30, the evaporator tube 40, the super heater tube 41, They can be manufactured separately according to the construction site conditions. In this case, it can be particularly useful for on-site assembly work requiring a very short construction period such as shutdown work.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a mono-drum-type aligned recovery steam generator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, when the waste is introduced into the first cavity 10 through the inlet 63, it is burnt by heat accumulated in the cavity and external air. That is, when waste is burned in the first cavity 10, the exhaust gas of high temperature (900 to 1100 ° C) generated in the first cavity 10 flows into the water pipe wall pipes 11a and 11b of the first cavity 10, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 11b < / RTI >

The exhaust gas burned in the first cavity 10 is transferred to the second cavity 20 and the exhaust gas generated in the combustion of the waste in the second cavity 20 and the water in the water pipe wall 11b Heat exchange occurs.

The exhaust gas heat-exchanged in the second cavity 20 passes through the evaporator cavity and then passes between the superheater tube 41, the evaporator tube 40 and the economizer tube 42. Since the cross section of the superheater tube 41, the evaporator tube 40 and the economizer tube 42 is formed in an "e" shape, the exhaust gas passing through the tubes 40, 41, , 41, 42). As a result, the heat exchange function is repeated several times, so that the effect of self-cleaning and heat transfer of the tube can be maximized.

Meanwhile, the dust contained in the exhaust gas moving to the second cavity 20 and the evaporator cavity 30 is discharged to the outside through the outlet of the water-cooled panel hopper 25 provided at the lower part thereof.

The exhaust gas passing through the superheater tube 41, the evaporator tube 40 and the economizer tube 42 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust gas outlet 45 formed in the upper part of the evaporator cavity 30.

When the exhaust gas passes through the superheater tube 41, the evaporator tube 40 and the economizer tube 42 in the second cavity 20 and the evaporator cavity 30 as described above, The temperature inside the upper and lower panel headers 13b and 14a communicating with the mono type steam drum 50 is increased.

Thus, the steam generated in the mono type steam drum 50 is supplied to the product manufacturing process through the steam pipe (not shown). At this time, water as much as steam discharged from the mono type steam drum 50 is continuously charged through the supply part.

10; The first cavity
15; Casablanca Anca
17; Branch tube elbow
20; The second cavity
25; Water-cooled panel hopper
30; Evaporator cavity
40; The evaporator
41; Superheater tube
41a; Super Heater Cartridge
42; Economizer tube
45; Exhaust gas outlet
50; Mono type drum
51; Downcomer
52; Riser
62; opening
63; Waste or fuel inlet

Claims (8)

1. An exhaust heat recovery steam generator for generating steam by heat exchange with exhaust gas generated at the time of incineration of wastes, comprising:
And a bottom surface is formed to be inclined downward in a direction in which the waste is injected. The bottom surface is formed so as to be inclined downward relative to the diameter so as to secure a residence time and a temperature for heat- A heat recovery water pipe is formed in the water pipe wall in order to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas generated when the waste is burned and the upper water pipe wall is provided with a center portion at the edge A first cavity formed upwardly inclined to face the first cavity;
The upper water pipe wall is connected to the upper part of the first cavity to cool the exhaust gas generated at the incineration of the waste, and the upper water pipe wall is connected to the upper part of the second cavity Cavity;
A superheater tube connected to a lower portion of the second cavity and connected to the water-cooled wall water pipe by welding, an evaporator tube and an economizer tube are accommodated, and an exhaust gas outlet for discharging heat- An evaporator cavity having an upper panel header;
And a mono type steam drum connected to the panel header of the second cavity and the evaporator cavity by a downcomer and a riser,
A water-cooled panel hopper which is connected to the second cavity and the lower portion of the evaporator cavity to serve as a passageway and has an inclined angle so that dust can be smoothly discharged by gravity;
A branch tube elbow connected to an arbitrary water tube in an adjacent water tube when a cross section for joining to the panel header is insufficient when an optional water tube is connected to the panel header;
A chute blower for removing dust deposited in the tube bundle of the evaporator tube, the superheater tube, and the economizer tube,
In the evaporator cavity, an evaporator tube, a superheater tube, and an economizer tube are accommodated in various stages,
The evaporator tube, the superheater tube, and the economizer tube can generate a vortex in the fluid inside and the outside exhaust gas to have a cross-sectional shape of 'r' shape to maximize the self-cleaning and heat transfer effect,
And a flow control device installed in the water-cooled wall water tube for controlling the water flow in the evaporator to flow in a natural circulation manner,
The first cavity
Is directly welded to the membrane by a cast anchor so that the castable load is not applied to the water tube,
An exhaust gas outlet for exhausting heat-exchanged exhaust gas to the outside is formed on the evaporator cavity,
Wherein the downcomer and the riser are constructed of a stretch absorbing loop structure so that the downcomer and the riser absorb the expansion and contraction according to thermal expansion by themselves without using a separate expansion joint and flexibly cope with it. delete delete delete delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the superheater tube is formed in a cartridge type so as to facilitate removal and attachment of the steam generator.

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