EP1482077A1 - Multifilament-Polyesterfäden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Aufwicklung, sowie Vorrichtung zu ihrer Aufwicklung - Google Patents

Multifilament-Polyesterfäden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Aufwicklung, sowie Vorrichtung zu ihrer Aufwicklung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1482077A1
EP1482077A1 EP20030011514 EP03011514A EP1482077A1 EP 1482077 A1 EP1482077 A1 EP 1482077A1 EP 20030011514 EP20030011514 EP 20030011514 EP 03011514 A EP03011514 A EP 03011514A EP 1482077 A1 EP1482077 A1 EP 1482077A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yam
winding
filament
infrared
package
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20030011514
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Eckhard Dr. Seidel
Ulrich Mirwaldt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lurgi Zimmer GmbH
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ZiAG Plant Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZiAG Plant Engineering GmbH filed Critical ZiAG Plant Engineering GmbH
Priority to EP20030011514 priority Critical patent/EP1482077A1/de
Publication of EP1482077A1 publication Critical patent/EP1482077A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H55/00—Wound packages of filamentary material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H71/00—Moistening, sizing, oiling, waxing, colouring or drying filamentary material as additional measures during package formation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D7/00—Collecting the newly-spun products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D01F1/106—Radiation shielding agents, e.g. absorbing, reflecting agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2301/00—Handling processes for sheets or webs
    • B65H2301/50—Auxiliary process performed during handling process
    • B65H2301/51—Modifying a characteristic of handled material
    • B65H2301/514—Modifying physical properties
    • B65H2301/5143—Warming
    • B65H2301/51432—Applying heat and pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
    • B65H2701/313—Synthetic polymer threads
    • B65H2701/3132—Synthetic polymer threads extruded from spinnerets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the spinning and winding of polyester multi-filament yarns, which consist, in the amount of at least 90 weight %, in relation to the total weight of the polyester filament, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT), preferably of PTMT, as well as the polyester multi-filament yams which can be obtained by means of the process and a device for the winding of one or more multi-filament yarns.
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PTMT polytrimethylene terephthalate
  • polyester multi-filament yarns particularly polyethylene terephthalate (PET) multi-filament yams
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • multi-filament yams are spun and wound during the first stage, which multi-filament yams are, during a second stage, stretched into finished form and thermofixed, or else stretch-textured into bulky multi-filament yams.
  • the packages of the multi-filament yams can be long-term stored and transportet at elevated temperatures without any influence on the process conditions of the second texturing stage and the quality of the products.
  • polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) multi-filament yams have a considerable shrinking tendency, both immediately after the spinning and upon the winding, as well as several hours or days after the winding, said tendency leading to a shortening of the multi-filament yams.
  • the yarn package is thereby compressed so that, in an extreme case, the yam package can no longer be taken off the chuck.
  • the yarn package does not maintain its desired cheese-like shape and forms bulges with hard edges causing not only severe unwinding problems but also leading to a worsening of the yam characteristics, such as extreme increase of uster values. Only the limitation of the weight of the yam packages to less than 2 kg provides a remedy for these problems which normally do not occur during the processing of PET yams.
  • polyester multi-filament yarns obtainable by this process exhibit a boil-off shrinkage of between 5% and 16% and an elongation at break of 20 % to 60 %, which is merely partly satisfying since due to the low elongation at break a higher number of processing defects has to be expected in the subsequent processing of these multi-filament yams. In addition the final yams will exhibit an insufficient low elongation at break.
  • WO 01/04393 refers to a process wherein the multi-filament yams are heat-treated by the use of heated godets. Neither the stability in storage nor the stability during transport of the yam packages obtainable by said method are disclosed in WO 01/04393.
  • a disadvantage of the process of WO 01/04393 consists in that it requires low spinning speeds to be effective. An increase of the spinning speed for economical reasons will decrease the contact time of the multi-filament yams at the heated godets and therefore result in a decreased long-term stability of the yam packages.
  • the European patent EP 0 731 196 B1 claims a process for the spinning, stretching, and winding of a synthetic yam, wherein the yam, after the stretching step but before the winding step, is subjected to a heat treatment for the reduction of the shrinking tendency. Said heat-treatment is carried out by guiding the thread in close proximity but essentially without contact along a longitudinally extended heating surface, wherein the surface temperature of the heating surface is higher than the melting temperature of the thread.
  • Usable synthetic yams also include polytrimethylene terephthalate yams. A treatment of the yam package is not described in that document. Besides neither the stability in storage nor the stability during transport of the yam packages is stated.
  • polyester multi-filament yams which consist, by at least 90 weight % in relation to the total weight of the filaments, of PBT and/or PTMT, which allows the production and the winding of polyester multi-filament yams in a simple way and manner.
  • the polyester multi-filament yams should exhibit a boil-off shrinkage in the range of 0 % to 10 %, preferably 0 to 5 %, an elongation at break of > 60% to 145 % as well as a high uniformity with respect to the yam characteristics.
  • One additional object of the present invention consists in specifying a process for the spinning and winding of polyester multi-filament yams which can be carried out on a large technical scale and in an economical manner.
  • the process in accordance with the invention should permit the highest possible winding speeds, preferably greater than 2100 m/min.
  • These should also be able to be stored for a longer period of time, such as 15 weeks and more, for example as well as insensitive against elevated temperatures during storage and transport.
  • a shrinkage and a deformation of the yam package during the storage should be prevented.
  • a shrinking during winding to such an extend that the yam package cannot be taken off the chuck any longer, as well as the formation of bulges with hard edges, should be prevented, to the highest extent possible, so that no problems of unwinding occur during the subsequent processing of the yam package.
  • the polyester multi-filament yams should be able to be further processed, in a simple way and manner, in a stretch or stretch texturing process, particularly at high texturing speeds, preferably greater than 450 m/min.
  • the multi-filament yams which can be obtained by means of stretch texturing should have outstanding material characteristics, such as a high tensile strength as well as a high elongation at break, a low amount of capillary breaks and an uniform dyeability without carriers.
  • polyester multi-filament yams which consist of at least 90 weight %, in relation to the total weight of the polyester filament, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT), according to the present claim 1, wherein especially advantageous variations of said process are claimed in the dependent process claims.
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PTMT polytrimethylene terephthalate
  • polyester multi-filament yams that can be obtained by means of the spinning process are described in the independent product claim whereas the device for the winding of one or more multi-filament yams and suitable preferred embodiments of said device in accordance with the present invention are protected by the present device claims.
  • the process of the present invention i. e. a process for the production and for the winding of at least one polyester multi-filament yam which consists of at least 90 weight %, in relation to the total weight of the polyester multi-filament yam, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT), preferably of PTMT, wherein said process is characterized in that the polyester comprises an infrared absorbing pigment and/or a catalyst having infrared absorbing properties, wherein said pigment and/or catalyst enhances the infrared absorption properties of the yam, and that the polyester multi-filament yam is heat-treated by the use of infrared radiation during winding to a yam package, it is possible to obtain at least one PBT and/or PTMT yam package with long-term stability during storage and which is insensitive against elevated temperatures during storage and transport.
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • said yam package maintains its yam characteristics as well as its cheese-like shape for a longer period of time, for example 15 weeks.
  • Another aspectus of the invention is to reduce the amount of radiation energy to heat up the multi filament yam to a preselected defined temperature by using a yam comprising an efficient infrared absorbing pigment and/or a catalyst with infrared absorbing properties Additionally it was found, that the infrared radiation of the surface filaments during winding of the package influences the reorientation of the polymer chain forces and the resulting POY package stabilization so that lower temperatures can be employed compared to other heating methods of the package e.g. by air in a casing surrounding the winder.
  • the invention can preferably be applied for the production of deeper colored yams but also for delustered or bright yams.
  • a device for the winding of one or more multi-filament yams comprising a commercial winder, characterized in that at least one infrared radiant heater is arranged in a defined distance from the winder shaft of said commercial winder, it has been succeeded, in a manner that was simply not foreseeable, to provide a device by the use of which the process for the production and for the winding of polyester multi-filament yams according to the present invention can be realized in an especially advantageous way.
  • the present invention relates to a device for the winding of one or more multi-filament yams comprising a commercial winder and at least one infrared radiant heater arranged in a defined distance from the winder shaft.
  • a defined distance means that the distance from the heater to the winder shaft is sufficient to allow the winding of a yam package onto said winder shaft until the desired size of the yam package is reached.
  • the distance between the heater and the winder shaft is 150 - 750 mm.
  • the yam package extends between the winder shaft and the heater. During the winding process, the radial extension of the yam package increases.
  • the distance between the package surface of the maximum yam load package and the infrared heater is at least 25 mm.
  • the arrangement of the infrared radiant heater is designed in a way not to impeed the package handling.
  • the arrangement of the heater allows the insertion of multi-filament yams in a simple manner.
  • the take-off of the yam packages in a simple manner is possible as well as the production of yam packages having a high weight, preferably of more than 2 kg.
  • Said infrared radiant heater directly and/or indirectly irradiates a yam package which is placed on the winder shaft during the winding process.
  • the radiant heater directly irradiates the whole surface of a yam package with infrared radiation.
  • the present invention is not limited to the use of special types of infrared radiant heaters.
  • the heaters comprise electric elements, gas-fired elements and ceramic elements with different geometries and power stages as well as infrared lamps, such as Nernst-lamps, infrared tubes, infrared lasers and infrared diodes.
  • the infrared heater comprises an infra-read heating tube which is located in a defined distance parallel to the winder shaft. Said tube is going parallel to at least that part of the winder shaft where a yarn package is placed. Thereby the whole surface of the yarn package can be irradiated.
  • the winder shaft is a part of a commercial winder.
  • the term "yarn package on a winder shaft” means in detail that a yam carrying tube is fastened on the chuck of said winder shaft and the multi-filament yarn is wound on said tube to form a yam package. After the winding the tube carrying the yarn package can be taken off the chuck and the winder shaft respectively.
  • the tube for carrying the yarn package and the chuck are not shown in the figures.
  • the infrared radiant heater comprises an infrared heating tube which is fixed in a frame, whereas the support of the tube is mounted on a pivot to allow the variation of the distance to the surface of the winding package.
  • the distance from the infra red heating tube or another type of infrared heater to the winding shaft is held constant during the winding process. Accordingly, the distance from the heater/ the infrared tube to the surface of the yarn package decreases during the winding process. In any case, the distance between the package surface of the maximum yam load package at the end of the winding process and the heating tube/ the heater is at least 25 mm.
  • the distance between the heater and the surface of the yam package can be held constant by changing the distance from the heater to the winder shaft during the winding process.
  • one or more infrared radiant heaters are mounted in the described way beneath the winder shaft and the yam package.
  • one or more infra red tubes are mounted parallel to the winder shaft.
  • the temperature during the heat treatment of the yam can be measured at or near the surface of the winding package by the use of one or more means for measuring the temperature as thermal-optical sensors or infrared sensors. Such means are preferably arranged in a distance of 25-250 mm to the package surface of the maximum yam load. Said means for measuring the temperature are connected with an electronical measurement and control system and the infrared radiant heater to control the selected temperature during winding.
  • the temperature at or near the surface of the yarn package can be controlled by the afore described electronical measurement and control system in a predetermined temperature range, preferably in the range of ⁇ 35°C to 65°C. Usually, the temperature is held constant.
  • two or more means for measuring the temperature are arranged at a defined distance to the package surface to determine the temperature distribution at or near the surface of the package to assure a homogeneous temperature distribution to the highest extend.
  • any type of winding machine may be used as long as polyester multi-filament yams which consist, by at least 90 weight % in relation to the total weight of the multi-filament yarns, of PBT and/or PTMT, may be wound, wherein the winding speed preferably amounts more than 2100 m/min.
  • the winding device of the present invention also allows the winding of one or more, especially of 1 to 12, multi-filament yams at the same time in order to improve the efficiency of the spinning process. It is in the understanding of the present invention that one or more yam packages on the winder shaft may be heated simultaneously by one or more infrared radiation heaters.
  • At least the winder shaft, the yam package the infrared radiant heater and the means for measuring the temperature are encaged in a casing wherein the interior of said casing is optionally heatable.
  • Said casing may be made of any material known in the art. However it has proven to especially advantageous that the casing is made of a heat isolating material which preferably also provides a sound insulation. Suitable materials encompass, but are not limited to, plastics, preferably plastics having a glass transition temperature > 65°C, metals, such as stainless steel, for example, metallic alloys. Said heat isolating material may have a one or multilayer structure comprising two, three or more layers.
  • the heat isolating material exhibits a coefficient of thermal conduction of ⁇ 10 W/(m*K), more preferably of ⁇ 1 W/(m*K), in particular of ⁇ 0.5 W/(m*K), and most preferably of ⁇ 0.1 W/(m*K).
  • the heat and preferably sound insulating material has a three layered structure wherein the middle layer is made of a insulting material exhibiting a coefficient of thermal conduction of ⁇ 0.1 W/(m*K) and the outer layers are preferably made of a metal or a metallic alloy.
  • the size of the casing is preferably dimensioned in such a way that the winding device is either completely encaged or at least the winder shaft, the yam package with its maximum final diameter and the infrared radiant heater are encaged.
  • the additional means for measuring the temperature, winding equipment, preferably a contact roll for controlling the winding speed and preferably a traversing device are also encaged.
  • the minimum dimensions of the casing guarantee a fault-free winding process of a high quality yam.
  • the casing should preferably allow the insertion of the multi-filament yams in a simple manner, the take-off of the yam packages in a simple manner as well as the production of yam packages having a high weight, preferably of more than 2 kg.
  • the casing according to the present invention preferably comprises an opening, wherein an opening in the form of a slit is especially preferred.
  • the slit is preferably arranged so that said multi-filament yams may be inserted transversally to the moving direction of the yam and advantageously the slit may be partially covered by suitable means for the purpose of isolating the interior from the outside so that any possible gradient of the temperature inside the casing is avoided to the highest extend possible.
  • the covering is provided in the form of a flap which may partially cover the slit during the spinning and winding process and which may be opened in order to insert the multi-filament yams transversally to the moving direction of the yam.
  • the flap preferably comprises one or more recesses through which the multi-filament yams may enter the casing when the flap is closed, wherein the position and the size of the one or more recesses is suitably selected depending on the traverse length of the yam package.
  • the device for the winding of one or more multi-filament yams comprises a contact-roll for controlling the winding speed.
  • a contact-roll for controlling the winding speed.
  • the device for the winding of one or more multi-filament yarns preferably comprises a traversing device to control the specific shape of the yam package.
  • a traversing device to control the specific shape of the yam package.
  • the position of the traversing device is not restricted by the present invention.
  • a casing When a casing is used it may be located outside said casing, preferably right in top of the opening for inserting the multi-filament yams into the casing, wherein the opening is preferably provided in the form of a slit covered by a flap comprising one or more recesses provided in the form of a slit extending in parallel to the tube.
  • the length of the recess slit(s) is suitably chosen depending on desired traverse length.
  • the traversing device is preferably located inside the casing and preferably arranged before the winder shaft in view of the moving direction of the yarn.
  • said one or more recesses provide small holes when the flap is closed, wherein the size of the holes is preferably adapted to the thickness of the multi-filament yams.
  • the device according to the present invention suitably may be opened, wherein it is especially preferred that this opening is provided in the form of a closable opening which may be closed during the spinning and winding process to assure a constant temperature inside the casing.
  • An especially preferred embodiment of said closable opening is a door which may be opened to insert the multi-filament yams or to take-off the resulting yam packages and which may be closed during the spinning and winding process.
  • the closable opening is preferably provided at the front end of said casing.
  • Fig. 1 there is shown schematically a preferred embodiment of the device according to present invention.
  • the device comprises the winder (W) for winding one or more multi-filament yams.
  • a driving unit (1) to drive the winder shaft (4) and optionally a contact roll, not shown in the figure.
  • Beneath the winder shaft (4) the infrared radiation unit (6) is situated, consisting of two infrared heating tubes (9) which are arranged in a defined distance parallel to the winder shaft (4).
  • the infrared tubes are fixed in frame (8), mounted on a pivot (7) to allow to adjust the optimum radiation angle and distance to the surface of the winding packages (5).
  • An infrared sensor (10) to detect the temperature at the surface of the winding packages is placed in a sufficient distance to the winder shaft (4) - in this case opposite to the infrared radiator tubes (9). Sensor (10) and radiator tubes (9) are connected to an electronical measurement and control system (11), to keep the selected temperature during winding at the surface of the winding packages (5) constant.
  • the moving direction (A) of the multi-filament yams (3) is indicated by an arrow.
  • a traversing device (2) in front of the winder shaft In the moving direction of the multi-filament yarns (3) there is arranged a traversing device (2) in front of the winder shaft.
  • the traversing device (2) is interconnected with and driven by the driving unit (1).
  • the device as shown in Fig. 1 comprises an additional casing (12) which encages the winder shaft (4), the yam packages (5), the heater (9), the temperature sensor (10) and the traversing device (2).
  • the casing (12) has the form of a casing with a bottom wall (15), a top wall (16), two side walls (17, 18), a front wall (19) and a rear wall (20), the top wall (16) facing the incoming multi-filament yams.
  • the front wall (19) has the function of a door, i. e. the casing (12) may be opened or closed by the front wall (19).
  • a driving unit (1) At the rear wall (20) outside the casing (12) there is provided a driving unit (1).
  • An opening (13) is provided in the top wall having the form of a slit which extends from the front wall (19) towards the rear wall (20) and which is parallel to the side walls (17, 18).
  • Said opening (13) is partially covered by a flap (14) comprising recesses (21) allowing the multi-filament yams (3) to enter the casing (12) via the opening (13). Since the opening extends to the front wall (19) multi-filament yams (3) may be inserted from the front of the casing (12) when the front wall (19) and the flap (14) are opened.
  • the multi-filament yams (3) have to be strung, preferably by air suction gun, to the yam carrying tubes (not shown) fastened on the winding shaft (4) to form the yam packages.
  • the yam carrying tubes fastened on the winding shaft (4) and the traversing unit (2) are driven by the driving unit (1) so that the yam packages (5) are produced.
  • the multi-filament yams (3) have also to be strung, preferably by air suction gun, to the yam carrying tubes (not shown) fastened on the winding shaft (4) to form the yam packages. For this reason the front wall (19) and the flap (14) have to be opened, so that the multi-filament yams (3) can be inserted in the slit-like opening (13).
  • the front wall (19) and the flap (14) can be closed again so that each multi-filament yam runs through its separate recess (21) of the flap, the recesses (21) each having a width corresponding with the width of the one single multi-filament yam (3).
  • the yam carrying tubes fastened on the winder shaft and the traversing unit (2) are driven by the driving unit (1) so that the yam packages (5) are produced.
  • the yam packages surfaces are heated by the infrared radiation tubes (9), thereby providing a preselected temperature on the surface of yam packages (5) measured by the infrared sensor (10) and controlled by the electronical measurement and control system (11).
  • Suitable multi-filament yams encompass but are not limited to those which comprise at least 90 weight % of polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, PBT and/or PTMT, and/or polyamides, such as nylon-6 and/or nylon 6,6.
  • the device for winding of multi-filament yams according to the present invention is preferably used for the winding of polyester multi-filament yams which consist, at least by 90 weight % in relation to the total weight of the polyester multi-filament yams, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT).
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PTMT polytrimethylene terephthalate
  • the presention invention also refers to a process for the production and for the winding of at least one polyester multi-filament yam which consists, at least by 90 weight % in relation to the total weight of the polyester multi-filament yam, of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and/or polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTMT).
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PTMT polytrimethylene terephthalate
  • Polybutylene terephthalate can be obtained by the polycondensation reaction of terephthalic acid with equimolar quantities of 1,4-butanediol, while polytrimethylene terephthalate can be obtained by the polycondensation reaction of terephthalic acid with equimolar quantities of 1,3-propanediol. Mixtures of both polyesters are also conceivable. In accordance with the invention, the use of PTMT is especially preferred.
  • the PTMT and/or PBT used in the process of the present invention comprises an infrared absorbing pigment and/or a catalyst having infrared absorbing properties, wherein said pigment and/or catalyst enhances the infrared absorption properties of the yam.
  • the inventive process also comprises the heat treatment of said PTMT and/or PBT multi-filament yams by the use of infrared radiation during winding to yam packages.
  • the obtained yam packages show long-term stability during storage and they are insensitive against elevated temperatures during storage and transport.
  • stable and defect-free packages are obtained which are a basic prerequisite for defect-free unwinding of the yarn and for an ideally defect-free further processing.
  • the heater is arranged in a defined distance of the winder shaft thereby irradiating a yam package onto said winder shaft.
  • the yam package might be irradiated directly and/or indirectly.
  • one or more yam packages on the winder shaft may be heated simultaneously by one or more infrared radiation heaters.
  • infrared heater is not limited in any way. All usual types of infrared radiant heaters can be used.
  • the heaters comprise e.g. electric elements, gas-fired elements and ceramic elements with different geometries and power stages as well as infrared lamps, such as Nernst-lamps, infrared tubes, infrared lasers and infrared diodes.
  • the heating is carried out with an infra-read heating tube which is located in a defined distance parallel to the winder shaft. Said tube is going parallel to at least that part of the winder shaft where a yam package (5) is placed. Thereby the whole surface of the yam package is irradiated during the winding process.
  • the infrared absorbing properties of the polyester/the yam are enhanced.
  • the process of heat treatment of the multi-filament yam by infrared radiation can be carried out at mild conditions since the improved absorbing properties of the yam allow a warming up of the yam in a very efficient way with a reduced amount of radiation energy.
  • the good absorbing properties of the yam allow a very uniform warming up.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out at a relative low temperature of ⁇ 35°C to 65°C and preferably 40 - 50 °C.
  • a low treating temperature of ⁇ 35°C is sufficient for obtaining improved yam properties when an infrared absorbing pigment and/or a catalyst with infrared absorbing properties is introduced into the yam.
  • the properties of yams produced by the inventive method e.g. the boil-off shrinkage, are equal to or better than those obtained with conventional heating methods using higher temperatures, e.g. by air in a casing surrounding the winder.
  • the irradiation energy can be reduced by 10-50%.
  • the yarn temperature during irradiation can be reduced down to 35°C, preferably 40-50°C.
  • the irradiation energy and the yam temperature can be reduced similarly by adding 0,1-100 ppm and preferably 1-80 ppm of an infra red absorbing catalyst to the polyester.
  • the boil-off shrinkage of the heat treated yams can be kept in the range of ⁇ 10%.
  • the toughness value differences between yams directly after winding and yams treated in the heating chamber are in the range of 2-3.
  • the toughness value differences for yams without infra-red absorbing pigment or catalysts which are adsorbed on activated carbon are in the range of 4-6.
  • Suitable infrared absorbing pigments are selected from the group comprising black or deep shades of dyestuffs, black or deep shades of pigments, carbon black and/or activated carbon.
  • activated carbon with a specific surface of ⁇ 100 m 2 /g and a mean particle diameter of ⁇ 2 ⁇ m is used. Still more preferably the activated carbon has an average particle size of ⁇ 0,5 ⁇ m and a specific surface of ⁇ 500 m 2 /g.
  • Said infrared absorbing pigments are added in a concentration of at least 0,1 ppm, more preferably in 0,5 - 3000 ppm and still more preferably in a concentration of 1 - 10 ppm related to the polyester. It is also possible to add a mixture of two or more infrared absorbing pigments.
  • a preferred pigment with infrared absorbing properties for use in the present invention is U1TM-pigment, an infrared absorbing additive produced by Zimmer AG, Germany, in a concentration of 0,1-10 ppm according to patent DE 10121542.
  • catalysts which can increase the infrared adsorption of the polymer are used in the inventive method.
  • Suitable catalysts with infrared absorbing properties are selected from metal compounds of Ti, Zr, Sb, Ge, Sn and/or Al wherein the metal is present in the ionic form.
  • suitable compounds are tetrabutyl titanium, tetrapropyl titanium, TiO 2 , Sb 2 O 3 , antimony acetate, GeO 2 , tetrabutyl tin, dibutyl-tin-diacetate, tetraisopropyl tin and SnO 2 .
  • a titanium compound is used and most preferably TiO 2 .
  • Said metal compounds/catalysts are added an amount of 0,1-100 ppm of the metal related to the polyester, preferably in a concentration of 1 - 80 ppm of metal and still more preferably 1 - 20 ppm which is highly suitable according to the present invention.
  • catalysts might be used in pure form or fixed or adsorbed onto a carrier selected from the group comprising activated carbon, silica and crosslinked polymers.
  • the catalyst is adsorbed on activated carbon having an average particle size of less than 2 ⁇ m and a specific surface of at least 100 m 2 /g and more preferably less than 0,5 ⁇ m and at least 500 m 2 /g.
  • the mass ratio of said catalysts to activated carbon is 1 : 50 - 50 : 1.
  • the concentration of titanium is preferably 1 - 80 ppm related to the polyester and the mass ratio of activated carbon to titanium is 1 : 50 - 50 : 1 and preferably 1 : 2 - 20 : 1.
  • Ecocat BTM is Ecocat BTM from Zimmer AG (Chemical fibers International Vol. 52, 392-394, Dec. 2002) consisting of Ti, adsorbed in a heterogeneous phase of a carrier made from fine-grain, porous particles with a large inner surface.
  • a PTMT is used which is produced with Ecocat BTM in a concentration of 5-100 ppm of Ti related to the polyester.
  • Ecocat BTM is optionally mixed with other suitable catalysts as Antimony(III)acetate or -oxide or titaniumorthobutylate for polycondensation.
  • a system using a metal compound as catalyst and a carbon containing co-catalyst is claimed in DE 10121542. Surprisingly this catalyst system is also effective in esterification and polycondensation of PTMT. Using this catalyst system a particular infrared active PTMT POY can be produced.
  • the polyesters can be both homopolymers as well as copolymers. Suitable examples of copolymers encompass but are not limited to those which contain, in addition to the repeating PTMT and/or PBT units, an additional amount of up to 15 mol. %, in relation to all repeating units of the polyester, of repeating units of normal comonomers, such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, polyethylene glycol, isopthalic acid, and/or adipinic acid, for example. In the present invention, however, the use of polyester homopolymers is especially preferred.
  • the polyesters in accordance with the invention can contain normal quantities of additional additives as admixtures, such as catalysts, stabilizers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, flame retarding agents, colorants, colorant absorption modifiers, light stabilizers, organic phosphites, optical brighteners, and matting agents.
  • additional additives such as catalysts, stabilizers, antistatic agents, antioxidants, flame retarding agents, colorants, colorant absorption modifiers, light stabilizers, organic phosphites, optical brighteners, and matting agents.
  • the polyesters preferably contain from 0 to 5 weight % of additives, in relation to the total weight of the multi-filament yam.
  • PTMT or PBT containing special additives to increase the spinning speed as described in DE 10054422 [PTT-MOD5] can also be used.
  • polyesters that are usable in the sense of the present invention are, preferably, thermoplastically formable and can be spun into filaments. Polyesters that have an intrinsic viscosity in the range from 0.70 dl/g to 1.0 dl/g are thereby particularly advantageous.
  • the process of the present invention is not restricted to a special type of spinning process; by the way of contrast any conventional type of spinning process known in the art may be employed. Therefore, even though a typical spinning process in accordance with the present invention is described below, reference is made to the common technical literature, especially to the textbook “Synthetic Filaments” by F. Fourné (1995), published by Hanser-Verlag, Kunststoff (in German), for the specific details of said process.
  • the melts can, for example, be produced in an extruder from polymer chips, whereby it is particularly favorable to dry the chips in advance to a water content of ⁇ 30 ppm, particularly to a water content of ⁇ 15 ppm.
  • the melt or mixture of melts of the polyester is pressed into nozzle assemblies and extruded through the nozzle apertures of the nozzle plate of the assembly and into molten filaments by means of a spinning pump at constant rotational speed, wherein the rotational speed is adjusted in accordance with known computation formula in such a manner that the desired thread titer is achieved.
  • the extruded filaments are subsequently cooled to temperatures below the solidification temperature.
  • the solidification temperature is the temperature at which the melt passes into the solid state.
  • the present invention it has proven to be particularly suitable to cool the filaments to a temperature at which they are essentially not sticky any longer.
  • the filaments are bundeled in an oiler pin which supplies the yam with the desired amount of spin finish at a uniform rate.
  • the multi-filament yams are preferably entangled before being wound up.
  • the bundled yams are drawn off by the use of a first godet system and guided to the winder. Further godet systems can be employed before the yarns are wound up in the winder assembly to form packages on tubes. The optional further godet systems are included for drawing, thermosetting and relaxation of the yams.
  • the polyester multi-filament yams can be optionally heat-treated at a temperature in the range of 50 to 150 °C prior to their winding, wherein said heat-treatment may be accomplished by any type of method known in the art.
  • polyester filaments are heat-treated by the use of heated godets.
  • the temperature on the surface of the yam package is detected and controlled by a means for measuring and controlling the temperature.
  • a means for measuring and controlling the temperature comprises at least one sensor connected with an electronical measurement and control system and the infrared radiant heater to control the temperature at the package surface during winding.
  • the temperature is held constant.
  • the type of sensor is not limited to a special type. Preferred are usual thermal-optical sensors or infrared sensors.
  • the yam package is heat treated inside a casing encaging at least the infrared radiant heater, the winder shaft, the sensor for detecting the temperature and the yam package.
  • a casing encaging at least the infrared radiant heater, the winder shaft, the sensor for detecting the temperature and the yam package.
  • the present invention it is preferable to measure the temperature inside the casing and to adjust the temperature in the range of ⁇ 35°C to 65°C and preferably 40-50°C.
  • the temperature inside the casing is measured at at least two different locations inside the casing, preferably before and behind the winder shaft in view of the moving direction of the yam, to verify and ensure that the temperature inside the casing is constant.
  • the occurance of a temperature gradient should be avoided by suitable adaption of the infrared radiation energy.
  • the shape of the package is preferably controlled by the use of a traversing device which is arranged before said winder shaft in view of the moving direction of the yarn.
  • the traversing device may be located either outside or inside said casing.
  • the process of the present invention allows the manufacture of yam packages having a cheese-like shape, as schematically shown in Fig. 3.
  • the polyester packages obtainable by the present method exhibit an improved long-term stability during storage and are insensitive against elevated temperatures during storage and transport. In particular they maintain their favourable characteristics and cheese-like shape even during storage for a longer period of time, for example for 15 weeks at least.
  • the winding speed of the POY is adapted. It is preferable to select a winding speed up to ⁇ 2% different to the take-up speed of the last godet system.
  • the winding speed preferably is > 2,100 m/min, more preferably in the range of 2,500 to 6,000 m/min, especially in the range of 2,900 to 6,000 m/min.
  • the polyester multi-filament yams obtainable by the present method exhibit superior properties compared with those of the prior art. Preferably they exhibit an elongation at break in the range of > 60 % to 145 % and a boil-off shrinkage in the range of 0 to 10 %, especially in the range of 0 to 5 %. They allowing subsequent processing in a simple manner, on a large technical scale, and in an economical manner, in either a stretching- or a stretch texturing process. The texturing can thereby be carried out at speeds of greater than 450 m/min.
  • the multi-filament yarns which can be obtained by means of the stretch texturing have a high tensile strength, as well as a high elongation at break, low capillary breaks and uniform dyeability at boiling temperature.
  • the intrinsic viscosity is measured at 25°C in the capillary viscosimeter from the firm Ubbelohde, and computed in accordance with a known formula.
  • a mixture of phenol / 1,2-dichlorobenzol is used as a solvent in the weight ratio of 3 : 2.
  • the concentration of the solution amounts to 0.5 g polyester to 100 ml of solution.
  • a DSC calorimeter device from the firm Mettler is used for the determination of the melting point, and for the temperature of crystallization and glass.
  • the sample is thereby first heated up to 280°C and melted, and then suddenly chilled.
  • the DSC measurement is carried out in the range from 20°C to 280°C, with a heat rate of 10 K/min.
  • the temperature values are determined by the processor.
  • the determination of the density of the filaments is carried out in a density / gradient column at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 0.1°C.
  • n-heptane (C 7 H 16 ) and tetrachloromethane (CCI 4 ) are used.
  • the result of the density measurement can be used for the calculation of the degree of crystallization, since the density of the amorphous polyester D a and the density of the crystalline polyester D k are taken as the basis.
  • the titer is determined in the known manner by means of a precision reeling machine and a weighing device.
  • the prestressing thereby suitably amounts to 0.05 cN/dtex for filaments , and to 0.2 cN/dtex for textured threads (DTY).
  • the tensile strength and the elongation at break are determined in a Statimat measuring device with the following conditions: the clamping length amounts to 200 mm for POY or 500 mm for DTY, respectively; the measuring speed amounts to 2000 mm/in. for POY or 1500 mm/min. for DTY, respectively; and the prestressing amounts to 0.05 cN/dtex for POY or 0.2 cN/dtex for DTY, respectively.
  • the tensile strength is determined by dividing the values for the maximum breaking load by the titer, while the elongation at break is evaluated at the maximum load.
  • strands of filaments are treated, in a tension-free manner, in water at 95 ⁇ 1°C for 10 ⁇ 1 min.
  • the strands are produced by means of a reeling machine with a prestressing of 0.05 cN/dtex for POY or of 0.2 cN/dtex for DTY; the measurement of the length of the strands before and after the temperature treatment is carried out at 0.2 cN/dtex.
  • the boil-off shrinkage is evaluated in the known manner from the differences in lengths.
  • the normal uster values are determined with the 4-CX Uster Tester and stated as uster % values. At a test speed of 100 m/min., the test time for this amounts to 2.5 min.
  • Toughness Tensile strength • (Elongation at break) 1 ⁇ 2 .
  • the yam toughness is negatively influenced by thermal treatment, especially of a PTMT or PBT yam.
  • a low difference of the yam toughness after winding in comparison with the yam toughness after treatment of the yam in a heating chamber is a quality criteria of the yam.
  • Corterra-type crystalline PTMT chips (Shell Oil Company (USA)) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.93 dl/g, a crystallization temperature of 71°C, and a glass transition temperature of 46°C, were dried in a toumble dryer at a temperature of 130°C to a water content of 12 ppm.
  • the chips were melted in a 3E4 extruder from the firm Barmag, so that the temperature of the melt amounted to 260°C.
  • the melt was then conveyed to the spinning pump through a product line and fed to a spin pack wherein the melt throughput to the spin pack was controlled to 32.0 g/min.
  • the melt was extruded through a nozzle plate 80 mm in diameter, with 34 holes 0.25 mm in diameter and a length of 0.75 mm.
  • the spin pack pressure amounted to approximately 120 bar.
  • the filaments were cooled off in a blowing shaft with a crossflow quench system having a length of 1500 mm.
  • the cooling air had a speed of 0.55 m/sec., a temperature of 18°C, and a relative humidity of 80%.
  • the filaments were provided with spinning preparation and bundled with the help of an oiling device at a distance of 1500 mm from the nozzle.
  • the oiling device was provided with a TriboFil surface. The quantity of preparation applied amounted to 0.40% in relation to the weight of the thread.
  • the bundled multi-filament yam was drawn-off by the use of a godet system consisting of a non-heated S-wrapped pair of non-heated godets.
  • the multi-filament yam was wound on a type SW6 winder (BARMAG (Germany)) at a winding speed of 3,150 m/min while being heated by 5 infrared radiation tubes, 1000 W each (Phillips).
  • the distance of the radiation tubes to the winder shaft was 275 mm.
  • the temperature at the surface of the package of 45 °C was measured with an infrared sensor type CI (Raytek), having a distance of 220 mm to the winder shaft.
  • the room climate was set at 24°C at 60% relative humidity.
  • the final DTY had a tensile strength of 23 cN/tex and an elongation at break of 35%.
  • Materials characteristics of the Example 1 Characteristics Directly after the winding After treatment in a heating chamber After 15 weeks
  • Example 1 was repeated except that the take-up speed at the first godet and the second godet amounted to 3,100 m/min and 3,119 m/min, respectively. Finally the multi-filament yarn was wound at a winding speed of 3,155 m/min without infrared radiation.
  • Example 1 was repeated except that the melt throughput was changed to 107 g/min and the speed of the first goded was set to 4,000 m/min, the speed of the second godet wa set to 4,017 m/min and the winding speed was changed to 4,060 m/min.
  • the multi-filament yam was wound on a type SW6 winder (BARMAG (Germany)); wherein the yam package was infrared radiaded and the surface temperature of the package was 60°C controlled by sensor.
  • BARMAG Germany
  • Example 3 the surface temperature of the package was set to 45°C.
  • Example 3 The conditions of example 3 were repeated in example 4, except that the Corterra-Polymer meltwas mixed with 5 ppm of 'U1' pigment, an infrared absorbing additive produced by Zimmer AG, Germany, before spinning, and the surface temperature of the package was set to 40°C.
  • the room climate in all three examples was 24°C at 60% relative humidity.
  • Example 2-4 Sample 2 3 4 Infrared absorbing compound none none 5 ppm Surface temperature of the package [°C] 60 45 40 Characteristics directly after the winding after treatment in a heating chamber directly after the winding after treatment in a heating chamber directly after the winding after treatment in a heating chamber Titer [dtex] 265 266 261 Tensile strength [cN/tex] 28.0 27.6 28.1 27.8 26.9 26.7 Elongation at break [%] 60.7 60.1 61.6 61.3 64.9 64.7 CV-elongation at break [%] 3.9 3.2 5.9 4.9 4.3 4.4 Uster-half inert [%] 0.77 0.82 0.68 0.70 0.72 0.82 Uster-normal [%] 1.02 1.09 1.08 1.00 1.11 1.0 Boil-off shrinkage [%] 4.6 4,4 7.8 6,2 5,5 5,3 Toughness value 218 214 221 214 217 215 Toughness value difference 4 6 2 Materials characteristics of the Example 3 Characteristics directly after the wind
  • PMTP chips were produced in Zimmer's pilot plant.
  • a part of prepolymer from a preceding, prepolymer batch in a quantity of about 42 wt% of the nominal batch is kept back in the esterification reactor for the next reaction cycle for stirring the esterification product and for feeding and heating the raw materials trimethylenglycol (TMG) and terephthalic acid (TPA) as a paste including the esterification catalyst in a concentration of 15 ppm Ti selected from Ecocat BTM (Zimmer AG) as 10 wt.-% solution in TMG and 20 ppm Co from cobalt acetate as color agent.
  • Ecocat B ist an infrared active catalyst from Zimmer AG (Chemical fibers International Vol.
  • the quantity of TPA fed into the esterification reactor is 180 kg.
  • the feeding time is 130 minutes.
  • the total cycle time of esterification in examples 5 and 6 is 160 minutes at a temperature of 260°C and a pressure of 1500 mbar (abs.).
  • a column disposed subsequent to the esterification reactor is used for separating the low-boiling compounds, mainly process water, from the trimethylene glycol in the vapors from the esterification, and for the recirculation of the distilled TMG to the process all the time of esterification.
  • the polycondensation temperature in examples 5 and 6 increased from 260 to 266°C.
  • the polycondensation is stopped.
  • At an applied pressure of 55 to 60 bar the polymer melt is discharged from the reactor and granulated.
  • Type LWSU (Sachtleben) as 20 wt.-% suspension in TMG was added to the reactor while stirring. After 10 minutes the catalyst as described in example 5 was added and furtheron the PTMT process completed.

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  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP20030011514 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Multifilament-Polyesterfäden, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und Aufwicklung, sowie Vorrichtung zu ihrer Aufwicklung Withdrawn EP1482077A1 (de)

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1631432A2 (de) * 2003-06-09 2006-03-08 Eastman Chemical Company Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur verbesserung der aufwärmrate von pet unter verwendung von aktivkohle
CN1306083C (zh) * 2002-03-28 2007-03-21 齐默尔股份公司 使用纺纱添加剂的聚酯复丝纱线的纺纱和卷绕以及可由该方法得到的聚酯复丝纱线的用途
WO2007076433A1 (en) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-05 Shell Oil Company Polyester yarn and process for producing
WO2016113176A1 (de) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-21 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur thermischen behandlung einer vielzahl von schmelzgesponnenen faserträgern eines faserkabels
US9903988B2 (en) 2012-12-11 2018-02-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Stabilized infrared absorbing dispersions
US11981065B1 (en) 2020-07-06 2024-05-14 Columbia Insurance Company Systems and methods for manufacturing colored product

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WO1997043479A1 (en) * 1996-05-16 1997-11-20 T.M.T. Di Manenti & C. S.A.S. Apparatus for sizing warp yarns
EP1033422A1 (de) * 1997-11-26 2000-09-06 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Polyesterfaser mit ausgezeichneter verarbeitbarkeit und verfahren zur herstellung derselben
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WO1997043479A1 (en) * 1996-05-16 1997-11-20 T.M.T. Di Manenti & C. S.A.S. Apparatus for sizing warp yarns
EP1033422A1 (de) * 1997-11-26 2000-09-06 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Polyesterfaser mit ausgezeichneter verarbeitbarkeit und verfahren zur herstellung derselben
DE10121542A1 (de) * 2001-05-03 2003-02-06 Zimmer Ag Zusammensetzung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyester

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1306083C (zh) * 2002-03-28 2007-03-21 齐默尔股份公司 使用纺纱添加剂的聚酯复丝纱线的纺纱和卷绕以及可由该方法得到的聚酯复丝纱线的用途
EP1631432A2 (de) * 2003-06-09 2006-03-08 Eastman Chemical Company Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur verbesserung der aufwärmrate von pet unter verwendung von aktivkohle
EP1631432A4 (de) * 2003-06-09 2007-04-11 Eastman Chem Co Zusammensetzungen und verfahren zur verbesserung der aufwärmrate von pet unter verwendung von aktivkohle
WO2007076433A1 (en) * 2005-12-27 2007-07-05 Shell Oil Company Polyester yarn and process for producing
US9903988B2 (en) 2012-12-11 2018-02-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Stabilized infrared absorbing dispersions
US10895673B2 (en) 2012-12-11 2021-01-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Stabilized infrared absorbing dispersions
WO2016113176A1 (de) * 2015-01-14 2016-07-21 Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur thermischen behandlung einer vielzahl von schmelzgesponnenen faserträgern eines faserkabels
US11981065B1 (en) 2020-07-06 2024-05-14 Columbia Insurance Company Systems and methods for manufacturing colored product

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