EP1481161B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1481161B1
EP1481161B1 EP02795043A EP02795043A EP1481161B1 EP 1481161 B1 EP1481161 B1 EP 1481161B1 EP 02795043 A EP02795043 A EP 02795043A EP 02795043 A EP02795043 A EP 02795043A EP 1481161 B1 EP1481161 B1 EP 1481161B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
swirl
fuel injection
fuel
injection valve
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP02795043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1481161A1 (en
Inventor
Guenter Dantes
Joerg Heyse
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0685—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature and the valve being allowed to move relatively to each other or not being attached to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
    • F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/162—Means to impart a whirling motion to fuel upstream or near discharging orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/30—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped
    • F02M2200/306—Fuel-injection apparatus having mechanical parts, the movement of which is damped using mechanical means

Definitions

  • the fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged.
  • the valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1.
  • the nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against the outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10.
  • the inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from each other by a gap 26 and support si-ch on a connecting member 29 from.
  • the magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current.
  • the plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.
  • valve needle guide 14 and the armature 20 run fuel channels 30a and 30b.
  • the fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25.
  • swirl channels 34 are provided both to the fuel line and for swirl generation.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel supply not shown and a seal 40 against a cylinder head, not shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

A fuel injector for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine is provided, which injector includes a valve needle having at its spray-discharge end a valve-closure member, which cooperates with a valve-seat surface formed on a valve-seat member to form a sealing seat. At least one swirl channel is provided in a section of the valve-seat member surrounding the valve needle, and at least one spray-discharge orifice is provided in the valve-seat member. The at least one swirl channel, when viewed through the swirl channel in the flow direction of the fuel, is inclined counter to the spray-discharge direction relative to the center axis of the valve needle.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of independent claim 1.

Aus der DE 196 25 059 A1 ist ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil bekannt, welches Drallkanäle (dort als Kraftstoffkanäle bezeichnet), die in ihrer Lage zur Achse der Ventilnadel in Richtung der Hauptströmung des Brennstoffes geneigt sind, aufweist. Die Neigung der Drallkanäle dient in der DE 196 25 059 A1 dazu, durch die in Hauptströmungsrichtung nach der Ventilsitzfläche gelegene Drallkammer und die Abspritzöffnung einen Brennstoffstrahl direkt, d.h. ohne auf Teile des Brennstoffeinspritzventils aufzutreffen, die nach der Abspritzöffnung des Drallkanals liegen, in den in Abspritzrichtung folgenden Brennraum einzuspritzen. Ziel dabei ist, Richtung, Form und insbesondere die Strähnigkeit der austretenden Brennstoffwolke zu beeinflussen.From the DE 196 25 059 A1 For example, there is known a fuel injector having swirl channels (referred to therein as fuel passages) which are inclined in position relative to the axis of the valve needle in the direction of the main flow of the fuel. The inclination of the swirl channels is used in the DE 196 25 059 A1 to inject directly through the arranged in the main flow direction of the valve seat surface swirl chamber and the injection orifice, ie without impinging on parts of the fuel injection valve, which lie after the spray opening of the swirl duct, in the following in the discharge direction of the combustion chamber. The aim is to influence the direction, shape and in particular the strands of the emerging fuel cloud.

Nachteilig an dem aus der DE 196 25 059 A1 bekannten Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist insbesondere die Inhomogenität der erzeugten Brennstoffwolke, die insbesondere bei weitgehend symmetrisch aufgebautem Brennraum und dazu weitgehend symmetrisch angeordneten Gasaustauschvorrichtungen, Zündeinrichtungen und Einspritzventilen oft unerwünscht ist. Im weiteren ist die Drallausbildung in der Drallkammer eingeschränkt.A disadvantage of the from the DE 196 25 059 A1 known fuel injector is in particular the inhomogeneity of the fuel cloud generated, which in particular with largely symmetrically constructed combustion chamber and this largely symmetrically arranged gas exchange devices, ignition devices and injectors often is undesirable. Furthermore, the swirl formation in the swirl chamber is restricted.

Weitere Nachteile ergeben sich bei der Herstellung des Drallkanals. Insbesondere würde beim Laserbohren in Strömungsrichtung des Drallkanals durch die Auffächerung des Lasers die Abspritzöffnung beschädigt. Zum Schutz der Abspritzöffnung müßte eine sogenannte verlorene Form in die zentrale Bohrung eingeführt werden. Die Rückstände, die durch den Beschuß der verlorenen Form in der Bohrung zurückbleiben, müßten durch einen zusätzlichen Fertigungsschritt entfernt werden. Weiterhin ist solch eine verlorene Form ein Verschleißteil und sie erschwert zusätzlich das Freiblasen bzw. Absaugen kleinster Tröpfchen von bei der Bohrung anfallender Schmelze. Beim Laserbohren in anderer Richtung würde der Laser schon vor dem Auftreffen auf die Bohrstelle zu weit aufgefächert, da die Lasertülle aus der der Laserstrahl austritt, nicht nahe genug an die Bohrstelle herangeführt werden kann. Der Winkel der Drallkanalbohrung kann auch nicht beliebig zur Abstrahlrichtung hin verschoben werden, da sonst die Ventilsitzfläche vom Laserstahl getroffen würde.Further disadvantages arise in the production of the swirl channel. In particular, laser drilling in the direction of flow of the swirl channel would damage the ejection opening due to the fanning out of the laser. To protect the ejection opening a so-called lost form would have to be introduced into the central bore. The residues left by the bombardment of the lost form in the well would have to be removed by an additional manufacturing step. Furthermore, such a lost form is a consumable part and additionally complicates the blowing out or sucking out smallest droplets of melt arising during the drilling. Laser drilling in a different direction would fanned the laser too far before it hit the drilling site, as the laser nozzle from which the laser beam exits can not be brought close enough to the drilling site. The angle of the swirl bore can not be moved arbitrarily to the emission direction, otherwise the valve seat surface would be hit by the laser beam.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 weist Vorteile auf, die unter anderem durch ein kostengünstigeres Herstellungsverfahren begründet werden. So ist es, unter anderem, durch die Anordnung der Drallkanäle, die in Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs durch den Drallkanal betrachtet zur Ventilnadelachse entgegen der Abspritzöffnung geneigt sind, möglich, in Drallkanalströmungsrichtung, also vom Außenumfang des Ventilsitzkörpers in Richtung Zentrum, laserzubohren, ohne daß eine sogenannte Schutzform zum Schutz der dem Drallkanal in Strömungsrichtung gegenüberliegenden Innenwand des Ventilsitzkörpers eingesetzt werden muß, da der austretende Laserstrahl in seinem Verlauf nicht auf jene gegenüberliegende Innenwand auftreffen würde.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of the independent claim 1 has advantages, which are justified inter alia by a less expensive manufacturing process. It is, among other things, by the arrangement of the swirl ducts, which are inclined in the direction of flow of the fuel through the swirl passage to the valve needle axis against the injection orifice, possible to laser drilled in swirling channel flow direction, ie from the outer periphery of the valve seat body in the direction of the center, without a so-called Protection form must be used to protect the swirl duct in the opposite direction of the inner wall of the valve seat body, since the exiting laser beam would not impinge in its course on those opposite inner wall.

Da solch eine Schutzform durch den Beschuß des Lasers rückstände an den Flächen des Ventilsitzkörpers hinterlassen würde und die Schutzform das Bohrungsende der Drallkanalbohrung versperren würde, wäre gleichzeitig ein Freiblasen bzw. Absaugen der Drallkanalbohrung von kleinsten Tröpfchen aus beim Bohrvorgang anfallender Schmelze während des Bohrvorgangs erschwert oder unmöglich. Eine Entfernung dieser Rückstände nach der Herstellung der Drallkanalbohrung würde zusätzlich Kosten verursachen. Ein nachträgliches Ausschleifen würde zur unerwünschten Gratbildung am Drallkanalaustritt führen.Since such a form of protection would leave residues on the surfaces of the valve seat body as a result of the bombardment of the laser, and the protective form would obstruct the bore end of the swirl bore, it would be difficult or impossible for the swirl bore to be blown out or sucked out of tiny droplets of melt arising during the drilling process during the drilling process , Removal of these residues after making the swirl port bore would add cost. Subsequent grinding would lead to unwanted burr formation at the swirl channel outlet.

Durch den Verzicht auf eine Schutzform kann eine Absaugung bzw. Freiblasung von kleinsten Tröpfchen anfallender Schmelze während des Bohrvorgangs vorgenommen werden. Weiterhin können Abspritzöffnung und Drallkanal kostengünstig in einer Einspannung, d.h. in einem Arbeitsgang, hergestellt werden.By dispensing with a protective form, an extraction or blasting of the smallest droplets of resulting melt during the drilling process can be made. Furthermore, spray orifice and swirl duct can be inexpensively clamped, i. in one operation.

Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen des im unabhängigen Anspruch 1 angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous developments of the fuel injection valve specified in the independent claim 1 are possible.

Da die Dimensionen der zentralen Bohrung bei Brennstoffeinspritzventilen zu klein sind, um eine Lasertülle aufzunehmen, scheidet ein Bohrungsverlauf entgegen der Drallkanalströmungsrichtung aus. Die Bohrungsführung in Drallkanalströmungsrichtung vermeidet zudem wulstförmige Aufwürfe an den Drallkanalaustritten, die an Eintrittstellen von Laserbohrungen entstehen und die zu nicht vorhersehbaren Variationen der Durchflußkoeffizienten führen.Since the dimensions of the central bore in fuel injectors are too small to accommodate a laser grommet, a bore pattern is exuded counter to the swirl channel flow direction. The bore guide in swirl channel flow direction also avoids bead-like protrusions at the swirl channel exits that arise at laser drill entry sites and that result in unpredictable flow coefficient variations.

Um die Lasertülle beim Bohrvorgang nahe genug an die Bohrstelle platzieren zu können, werden die Drallkanäle so weit am stromaufwärtigen Ende des Ventilsitzkörpers eingebracht, daß die Lasertülle dabei nicht mit den stromabwärts liegenden Formen des Ventilsitzkörpers in Berührung kommt.In order to place the laser nozzle close enough to the drilling site during the drilling process, the swirl channels are introduced so far at the upstream end of the valve seat body that the laser nozzle does not come into contact with the downstream forms of the valve seat body.

Der Durchmesser des Ventilschließkörpers ist vorzugsweise im stromaufwärtigen Führungsbereich größer als in dem davon unmittelbar anschließenden stromabwärtigen Drallkammerbereich. Dies wird durch einen Durchmesserabsatz im Ventilschließkörper erreicht. Das Volumen der Drallkammer ist nahe des Durchmesserabsatzes am größten und wird durch eine sich in Strömungsrichtung kontinuierlich reduzierende Ringspaltweite klein gehalten, die durch einen sich gegen die Strömungsrichtung erweiternden Abschnitt der Ventilnadel gebildet wird, so daß ein stufenloser Querschnittsübergang erreicht wird. So wird das Drallkammervolumen minimiert und die eingeschlossene Fluidmasse kann zu Spritzbeginn ausreichend schnell in Rotation versetzt werden.The diameter of the valve closing body is preferably larger in the upstream guide region than in the immediately adjacent downstream swirl chamber region. This is achieved by a diameter in the valve closing body. The volume of the swirl chamber is greatest near the diameter shoulder and is kept small by an annular gap width which continuously reduces in the flow direction and which is formed by a portion of the valve needle which widens against the flow direction so that a continuous cross-sectional transition is achieved. Thus, the swirl chamber volume is minimized and the trapped fluid mass can be rotated sufficiently quickly at the start of the injection.

Durch eine Tangentialkomponente relativ zu einer Längsachse des Brennstoffeinspritzventils kann die Drallströmung in der Drallkammer je nach Anforderungen eingestellt werden. Es ist jedoch immer eine radiale Richtungskomponente bezüglich der Innenwandung der zentralen Bohrung vorhanden, um eine Beschädigung der Innenwandung bei der Drallkanalbohrung durch Fertigungstoleranzen zu vermeiden.By a tangential component relative to a longitudinal axis of the fuel injection valve, the swirl flow in the swirl chamber can be adjusted depending on requirements. However, there is always a radial direction component with respect to the inner wall of the central bore in order to avoid damage to the inner wall in the swirl duct bore by manufacturing tolerances.

Die Querschnittsformen der Drallkanale können beliebig hergestellt werden. Vorzugsweise sind diese kreisrund, aber auch elliptisch, quadratisch, rechteckig, dreieckig, vieleckig oder trapezförmig.The cross-sectional shapes of the swirl channels can be made arbitrarily. Preferably, these are circular, but also elliptical, square, rectangular, triangular, polygonal or trapezoidal.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils;
Fig. 2
einen schematischen Teilschnitt durch das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Aus-führungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils im Bereich des Ventilsitzkörpers; und
Fig. 3
einen schematischen Schnitt des Ventilsitzkörpers entlang der Linie III-III von Fig. 2.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a schematic partial section through the in Fig. 1 illustrated exemplary embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the invention in the region of the valve seat body; and
Fig. 3
a schematic section of the valve seat body along the line III-III of Fig. 2 ,

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte erste Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 ist in der Form eines Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen ausgeführt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 eignet sich insbesondere zum direkten Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen nicht dargestellten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine.This in Fig. 1 illustrated first embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is carried out in the form of a fuel injection valve 1 for fuel injection systems of mixture-compression, spark-ignited internal combustion engines. The fuel injection valve 1 is suitable in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 besteht aus einem Düsenkörper 2, in welchem eine Ventilnadel 3 angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel 3 steht mit einem Ventilschließkörper 4 in Wirkverbindung, der mit einer auf einem Ventilsitzkörper 5 angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche 6 zu einem Dichtsitz zusammenwirkt. Bei dem Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 handelt es sich im Ausführungsbeispiel um ein nach innen öffnendes Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1. Der Düsenkörper 2 ist durch eine Dichtung 8 gegen den Außenpol 9 einer Magnetspule 10 abgedichtet. Die Magnetspule 10 ist in einem Spulengehäuse 11 gekapselt und auf einen Spulenträger 12 gewickelt, welcher an einem Innenpol 13 der Magnetspule 10 anliegt. Der Innenpol 13 und der Außenpol 9 sind durch einen Spalt 26 voneinander getrennt und stützen si-ch auf einem Verbindungsbauteil 29 ab. Die Magnetspule 10 wird über eine Leitung 19 von einem über einen elektrischen Steckkontakt 17 zuführbaren elektrischen Strom erregt. Der Steckkontakt 17 ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 18 umgeben, die am Innenpol 13 angespritzt sein kann.The fuel injection valve 1 consists of a nozzle body 2, in which a valve needle 3 is arranged. The valve needle 3 is operatively connected to a valve closing body 4 which cooperates with a valve seat surface 6 arranged on a valve seat body 5 to form a sealing seat. The fuel injection valve 1 in the exemplary embodiment is an inwardly opening fuel injection valve 1. The nozzle body 2 is sealed by a seal 8 against the outer pole 9 of a magnetic coil 10. The magnetic coil 10 is encapsulated in a coil housing 11 and wound on a bobbin 12, which rests against an inner pole 13 of the magnetic coil 10. The inner pole 13 and the outer pole 9 are separated from each other by a gap 26 and support si-ch on a connecting member 29 from. The magnetic coil 10 is energized via a line 19 from a via an electrical plug contact 17 can be supplied with electric current. The plug contact 17 is surrounded by a plastic casing 18, which may be molded on the inner pole 13.

Die Ventilnadel 3 ist in einer Ventilnadelführung 14 geführt, welche scheibenförmig ausgeführt ist. Zur Hubeinstellung dient eine zugepaarte Einstellscheibe 15. An der anderen Seite der Einstellscheibe 15 befindet sich ein Anker 20. Dieser steht über einen ersten Flansch 21 kraftschlüssig mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Verbindung, welche durch eine Schweißnaht 22 mit dem ersten Flansch 21 verbunden ist. Auf dem ersten Flansch 21 stützt sich eine Rückstellfeder 23 ab, welche in der vorliegenden Bauform des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 durch eine Hülse 24 auf Vorspannung gebracht wird.The valve needle 3 is guided in a valve needle guide 14, which is designed disk-shaped. On the other side of the dial 15 is an armature 20. This is frictionally connected via a first flange 21 with the valve needle 3 in connection, which is connected by a weld 22 to the first flange 21. On the first flange 21, a return spring 23 is supported, which is brought in the present design of the fuel injection valve 1 by a sleeve 24 to bias.

Ein zweiter Flansch 31, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 über eine Schweißnaht 33 verbunden ist, dient als unterer Ankeranschlag. Ein elastischer Zwischenring 32, welcher auf dem zweiten Flansch 31 aufliegt, vermeidet Prellen beim Schließen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1.A second flange 31, which is connected to the valve needle 3 via a weld 33, serves as a lower anchor stop. An elastic intermediate ring 32, which rests on the second flange 31, avoids bouncing when closing the fuel injection valve. 1

In der Ventilnadelführung 14 und im Anker 20 verlaufen Brennstoffkanäle 30a und 30b. Der Brennstoff wird über eine zentrale Brennstoffzufuhr 16 zugeführt und durch ein Filterelement 25 gefiltert. Im Ventilsitzkörper 5 sind Drallkanäle 34 sowohl zur Brennstoffleitung als auch zur Drallerzeugung vorgesehen. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 ist durch eine Dichtung 28 gegen eine nicht weiter dargestellte Brennstoffzuleitung und eine Dichtung 40 gegen einen nicht dargestellten Zylinderkopf abgedichtet.In the valve needle guide 14 and the armature 20 run fuel channels 30a and 30b. The fuel is supplied via a central fuel supply 16 and filtered by a filter element 25. In the valve seat body 5 swirl channels 34 are provided both to the fuel line and for swirl generation. The fuel injection valve 1 is sealed by a seal 28 against a fuel supply not shown and a seal 40 against a cylinder head, not shown.

Im Ruhezustand des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 wird der Anker 20 von der Rückstellfeder 23 entgegen seiner Hubrichtung so beaufschlagt, daß der Ventilschließkörper 4 an der Ventilsitzfläche 6 in dichtender Anlage gehalten wird. Bei Erregung der Magnetspule 10 baut diese ein Magnetfeld auf, welches den Anker 20 entgegen der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 23 in Hubrichtung bewegt, wobei der Hub durch einen in der Ruhestellung zwischen dem Innenpol 12 und dem Anker 20 befindlichen Arbeitsspalt 27 vorgegeben ist. Der Anker 20 nimmt den Flansch 2.1, welcher mit der Ventilnadel 3 verschweißt ist, ebenfalls in Hubrichtung mit.In the idle state of the fuel injection valve 1, the armature 20 is acted upon by the return spring 23 against its stroke direction so that the valve closing body 4 is held on the valve seat surface 6 in sealing engagement. Upon energization of the solenoid coil 10, this builds up a magnetic field, which moves the armature 20 against the spring force of the return spring 23 in the stroke direction, wherein the stroke is determined by a located in the rest position between the inner pole 12 and the armature 20 working gap 27. The armature 20 takes the flange 2.1, which is welded to the valve needle 3, also in the stroke direction.

Der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Ventilschließkörper 4 hebt von der Ventilsitzfläche 6 ab und der über die Drallkanäle 34 im Ventilsitzkörper 5 zugeführte Brennstoff wird abgespritzt.The valve closing body 4, which is in operative connection with the valve needle 3, lifts off the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel supplied via the swirl ducts 34 in the valve seat body 5 is sprayed off.

Wird der Spulenstrom abgeschaltet, fällt der Anker 20 nach genügendem Abbau des Magnetfeldes durch die Kraft der Rückstellfeder 23 vom Innenpol 13 ab, wodurch sich der mit der Ventilnadel 3 in Wirkverbindung stehende Flansch 21 entgegen der Hubrichtung bewegt. Die Ventilnadel 3 wird dadurch in die gleiche Richtung bewegt, wodurch der Ventilschließkörper 4 auf der Ventilsitzfläche 6 aufsetzt und das Brennstoffeinspritzventil 1 geschlossen wird.If the coil current is turned off, the armature 20 drops after sufficient degradation of the magnetic field by the force of the return spring 23 from the inner pole 13, whereby the standing with the valve needle 3 operatively connected flange 21 moves against the stroke direction. The valve needle 3 is thereby moved in the same direction, whereby the valve closing body 4 touches on the valve seat surface 6 and the fuel injection valve 1 is closed.

Das in Fig. 2 ausschnittsweise vergrößert dargestellte abspritzseitige Ende des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 aus Fig. 1 umfaßt einen Ventilsitzkörper 5, der über mindestens einen Drallkanal 34 verfügt. Übereinstimmende Bauteile sind in den Figuren jeweils mit übereinstimmenden Bezugszeichen versehen. Zwischen dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 und dem Ventilschließkörper 4 ist eine sich im Ausführungsbeispiel in Strömungsrichtung verjüngende Drallkammer 35 ausgebildet, wobei die Verjüngung durch einen sich gegen die Strömungsrichtung erweiternden Abschnitt 38 der Ventilnadel 3 gebildet wird. Das Volumen der Drallkammer 35 ist vorzugsweise so bemessen, daß das Totvolumen minimal ist und sich eine umfänglich gerichtete Drallströmung bei Einströmen von Brennstoff in die Drallkammer 35 ausbilden kann. Die Drallkammer 35 wird, in Strömungsrichtung betrachtet, am stromaufwärtigen Ende durch einen Durchmesserabsatz 39 der Ventilnadel 3 und am stromabwärtigen Ende durch die Auflage des Ventilschließkörpers 4 auf dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 begrenzt. Das Volumen der Drallkammer 35 ist im Bereich der Einmündung der Drallkanäle 34 am größten.This in Fig. 2 partially enlarged illustrated discharge side end of the fuel injection valve 1 of the invention Fig. 1 comprises a valve seat body 5, which has at least one swirl duct 34. Matching components are provided in the figures with corresponding reference numerals. Between the valve seat body 5 and the valve closing body 4, a swirl chamber 35 tapering in the flow direction in the exemplary embodiment is formed, wherein the taper is formed by a section 38 of the valve needle 3 that widens against the flow direction. The volume of the swirl chamber 35 is preferably such that the dead volume is minimal and a circumferentially directed swirl flow can form when the fuel flows into the swirl chamber 35. The swirl chamber 35 is, as viewed in the flow direction, limited at the upstream end by a diameter 39 of the valve needle 3 and at the downstream end by the support of the valve closing body 4 on the valve seat body 5. The volume of the swirl chamber 35 is greatest in the region of the confluence of the swirl channels 34.

Bei einer Verlängerung der eingezeichneten axialen Symmetrieachsen der Drallkanäle 34 wird ersichtlich, daß die Drallkanäle 34 soweit gegen die Mittelachse der Ventilnadel 3 geneigt sind, daß erwähnte Verlängerung nicht auf Bestandteile des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 treffen. Dies hat entscheidende Vorteile bei der Herstellung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1. So kann bei der Herstellung der Drallkanäle im Ventilsitzkörper 5, insbesondere beim Laserbohren von radial außen nach radial innen, auf eine Schutzform verzichtet werden, welche sonst die Innenseite des Ventilsitzkörpers 5 schützen müßte. Durch den Verzicht auf die Schutzform ergeben sich weitere Vorteile. So entfallen insbesondere Nacharbeitungsschritte zur Entfernung von, vom Beschuß der Schutzform herrührenden, dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 dann anhaftenden Anlagerungen. Im weiteren wird durch den Verzicht der Schutzform eine Freiblasung bzw. Absaugung von Schlacke und Schmelze aus dem Drallkanal 34 bei der, Drallkanalherstellung durch Laserbohren wesentlich erleichtert, insbesondere da die Schutzform die entstehende Öffnung des inneren Dralllcanalendes versperren würde und somit kein durch den Drallkanal 34 durchgehender Reinigungsstrom entstehen könnte.With an extension of the drawn axial axes of symmetry of the swirl channels 34, it can be seen that the swirl channels 34 far enough against the central axis of the valve needle 3 are inclined, that said extension does not affect components of the valve seat body 5. Thus, in the manufacture of the swirl channels in the valve seat body 5, in particular during laser drilling from radially outside to radially inside, can be dispensed with a protective mold, which would otherwise protect the inside of the valve seat body 5. By dispensing with the form of protection, there are further advantages. Thus, in particular post-processing steps for the removal of, from the bombardment of the protective mold resulting, the valve seat body 5 then adhering deposits. Furthermore, by dispensing with the form of protection, a blasting or suction of slag and melt from the swirl duct 34 during the swirl channel production by laser drilling is substantially facilitated, in particular because the protective mold would obstruct the resulting opening of the inner swirl passage and thus would not pass through the swirl duct 34 Cleaning stream could arise.

Fig. 3 zeigt in einer schematischen Schnittdarstellung einen Schnitt durch das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 entlang der Linie III-III. Fig. 3 shows in a schematic sectional view a section through the in Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment of the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention along the line III-III.

Durch eine tangentiale Komponente des Drallkanals 34 relativ zur Mittelachse 37 der Ventilnadel 3 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils 1 tritt Brennstoff nicht direkt radial in die zwischen dem Ventilsitzkörper 5 und dem Ventilschließkörper 4 ausgebildete Drallkammer 35 ein, so daß sich eine in Umfangsrichtung gerichtete Drallströmung ausbilden kann. Die Geschwindigkeit der Drallströmung wird in Abspritzrichtung durch die sich verjüngende Drallkammer 35 erhöht, so daß der durch die Abspritsöffnung 7 abgespritzte Brennstoff eine homogene und symmetrische Brennstoffwolke erzeugt.Due to a tangential component of the swirl duct 34 relative to the central axis 37 of the valve needle 3 of the fuel injection valve 1, fuel does not enter directly radially into the swirl chamber 35 formed between the valve seat body 5 and the valve closing body 4, so that a swirl flow directed in the circumferential direction can form. The speed of the swirl flow is increased in the direction of discharge by the tapered swirl chamber 35, so that the sprayed off through the spray opening 7 fuel produces a homogeneous and symmetrical fuel cloud.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt und z. B. für beliebige Bauformen von Brennstoffeinspritzventilen 1, insbesondere für nach außen öffnende Brennstoffeinspritzventile 1, anwendbar.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment and z. B. for any designs of fuel injectors 1, in particular for outward opening fuel injectors 1, applicable.

Claims (13)

  1. Fuel injection valve (1), in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion space of an internal combustion engine, with a valve needle (3) which at its injection-side end has a valve-closing body (4) which cooperates with a valve-seat surface (6), formed on a valve-seat body (5), to produce a sealing seat, with at least one swirl duct (34) in a portion (36), surrounding the valve needle (3), of a valve component, and of at least one injection port (7) which is provided downstream of the sealing seat and through which the fuel is injected in an injection direction, characterized in that the swirl duct (34) is inclined opposite to the injection direction with respect to the mid-axis (37) of the valve needle (3), as seen in the direction of flow of the fuel through the swirl duct (34).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the swirl duct (34) is inclined to an extent such that its imaginary axial prolongations do not impinge onto constituents of the valve-seat body (5).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two swirl ducts (34) are provided, the inclination of the swirl ducts (34) with respect to the mid-axis (37) of the valve needle (3) being different.
  4. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the imaginary prolongation of the at least one swirl duct (34) is not directed towards the mid-axis (37) of the valve needle (3), but, instead, has, offset to this, a tangential direction fraction.
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 4, characterized in that at least two swirl ducts (34) are provided, the swirl ducts (34) being different from one another in the offset with respect to the mid-axis (37) of the valve needle (3).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of swirl ducts (34) are provided, and the swirl ducts (34) are at different distances from one another in the circumferential direction with respect to the mid-axis (37) of the valve needle (3).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a swirl chamber (35), into which the at least one swirl duct (34) issues, is provided upstream of the valve-seat surface (6).
  8. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 7, characterized in that the swirl chamber (35) tapers in the direction of flow of the fuel.
  9. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 8, characterized in that the taper of the swirl chamber (35) is provided by a portion (38), widening in the injection direction, of the valve needle (3).
  10. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that portion (36) of the valve-seat body (5) which surrounds the valve needle (3) assumes at least part of the valve-closing body guidance.
  11. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the at least one swirl duct (34) is circular, elliptic or polygonal, in particular square, rectangular, triangular or trapezoidal.
  12. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fuel injection valve (1) has more than one injection port (7).
  13. Fuel injection valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one swirl duct (34) can be produced by means of laser drilling, the drilling direction being identical to the direction of flow of the fuel through the swirl duct (34).
EP02795043A 2002-02-26 2002-12-23 Fuel injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP1481161B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10208223 2002-02-26
DE10208223A DE10208223A1 (en) 2002-02-26 2002-02-26 Fuel injector
PCT/DE2002/004736 WO2003072931A1 (en) 2002-02-26 2002-12-23 Fuel injection valve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1481161A1 EP1481161A1 (en) 2004-12-01
EP1481161B1 true EP1481161B1 (en) 2008-02-27

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EP02795043A Expired - Lifetime EP1481161B1 (en) 2002-02-26 2002-12-23 Fuel injection valve

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7032845B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1481161B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4308670B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20040089666A (en)
AT (1) ATE387578T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10208223A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003072931A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
JP2005518500A (en) 2005-06-23
KR20040089666A (en) 2004-10-21
ATE387578T1 (en) 2008-03-15
EP1481161A1 (en) 2004-12-01
DE10208223A1 (en) 2003-10-30
DE50211802D1 (en) 2008-04-10
US7032845B2 (en) 2006-04-25
WO2003072931A1 (en) 2003-09-04
JP4308670B2 (en) 2009-08-05
US20040149839A1 (en) 2004-08-05

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