EP1479880B1 - Commande de soupapes avec électro-aimants et aimants permanents - Google Patents

Commande de soupapes avec électro-aimants et aimants permanents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1479880B1
EP1479880B1 EP04009654A EP04009654A EP1479880B1 EP 1479880 B1 EP1479880 B1 EP 1479880B1 EP 04009654 A EP04009654 A EP 04009654A EP 04009654 A EP04009654 A EP 04009654A EP 1479880 B1 EP1479880 B1 EP 1479880B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yoke
coil
electromagnet
permanent magnet
valve drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04009654A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1479880A3 (fr
EP1479880A2 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Dr. Simkovics
Robert Dr. Bürgel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP1479880A2 publication Critical patent/EP1479880A2/fr
Publication of EP1479880A3 publication Critical patent/EP1479880A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1479880B1 publication Critical patent/EP1479880B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
    • F01L9/21—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means actuated by solenoids
    • F01L2009/2146—Latching means
    • F01L2009/2148—Latching means using permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric valve train for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a valve train is off PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN Bd 2000, No. 03, 30 March 2000 (2000-03-30 ) JP 11 350929 A (TOYOTA MOTOR CORP; TOYOTA CENTRAL RES & DEV LAB INC.), 21 December 1999 (1999-12-21), PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN Bd 1998, No. 06, 30 April 1998 (1998-04-30 ) JP 10 047028 A (SUZUKI MOTOR CORP; 17 February 1998 (1998-02-17) and the EP 1 264 969 A2 known.
  • the technical background also includes the U.S. 4,829,947 ,
  • the more distant technical background also includes the DE 1 539 731 ,
  • valve train is from the De 197 23 405 A1 known to be related to FIG. 5 is described.
  • the valves are mechanically controlled by a camshaft driven by the crankshaft.
  • Electrically controlled valves have been researched for quite some time, as they promise a higher power output with lower fuel consumption.
  • electric valve spools there are two basic variants, namely so-called lifting actuators, in which the actuators are actuated by solenoid valves for valve control and so-called rotary actuators, in which an acting on a cam electric motor is provided for valve actuation.
  • lifting actuators in which the actuators are actuated by solenoid valves for valve control
  • so-called rotary actuators in which an acting on a cam electric motor is provided for valve actuation.
  • an axially displaceable armature is provided, which is biased by springs and held in a central position.
  • the anchor has an anchor plate.
  • an electromagnet is arranged in each case.
  • a magnetic field can be generated in each case, which pulls the armature in the one or in the other direction.
  • the preloaded by the springs anchor represents a spring mass oscillator.
  • the armature During a combustion cycle, the armature must be held during most of the cycle for most of the cycle time in one or the other end position where the armature plate abuts one or the other of the electromagnets. In the end positions, the valve associated with the lift actuator is either fully open or fully closed. In order to hold the armature in one or in the other end position, the associated electromagnet must be energized with a relatively large holding current. Overall, therefore, a relatively high electrical "holding power" is required.
  • DE 197 23 405 A1 proposed to arrange permanent magnets on the electromagnet, whose magnetic field is rectified to the magnetic field of the associated electromagnet. Due to the force exerted by the permanent magnet on the armature magnetic forces the magnetic field of the associated electromagnet is supported in the respective holding position, so that the power required to hold the armature current is lower.
  • the permanent magnets are arranged laterally on pole pieces of the electromagnets. That is not without problems. In Hubaktuatoren namely significant mechanical loads can occur, especially vibration loads. Individual components, such as the permanent magnets, must be very firmly attached to the yoke of the associated electromagnet to prevent detachment due to mechanical stress in continuous operation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a Hubaktuator for an electric valve train with electric and permanent magnets, in which the permanent magnets are magnetically favorable, mechanically fixed and space-saving.
  • the invention is based on a known electric valve drive for internal combustion engines, which has a displaceable armature with an armature plate and a first and a second electromagnet, the both sides are arranged with respect to the anchor plate.
  • the electromagnets each have a yoke formed from a laminated core and an electric coil arranged thereon. By energizing the coil of an electromagnet, a magnetic field is generated, which pulls the armature in the direction of a first end position and by energizing the coil of the other electromagnet, a magnetic field is generated, which pulls the armature in the opposite direction to a second end position.
  • At least one permanent magnet is arranged on at least one, preferably on both yokes.
  • the permanent magnet attracts or attracts the armature when it is in the vicinity of the associated electromagnet.
  • the at least one permanent magnet is arranged "behind the coil” of the associated electromagnet. "Behind the coil” means that the at least one permanent magnet is arranged on a side facing away from the armature plate of the coil of the associated electromagnet.
  • the essence of the invention is that the coil and the at least one permanent magnet are cast into the yoke.
  • the yoke, on which the at least one permanent magnet is arranged viewed from the armature plate, in the region "behind” the coil, a recess in which the at least one permanent magnet is arranged.
  • the at least one permanent magnet is thus "positively” embedded in the yoke.
  • the at least one permanent magnet viewed from the armature plate, is arranged directly in the region behind the turns of the coil. This results in a "magnetic circuit" with relatively low magnetic resistance.
  • the coil of the electromagnet or is positively arranged between pole pieces of the associated yoke.
  • the at least one permanent magnet is arranged in a form-fitting manner in a recess of the respective yoke.
  • the coil and the at least one permanent magnet are cast in the yoke. That is, between the yoke, coil and permanent magnet, a curing binder, such as epoxy resin, poured. After the binder has cured, a very compact, robust unit is obtained.
  • the yokes of the electromagnet are also arranged in a housing.
  • the yokes are also cast in the housing.
  • the "housing" is formed in a real engine through the cylinder head.
  • one or more undercut elements can be arranged on the outside of the yokes, which are filled in the housing of housing material when the yokes are poured into the housing. As a result, a positive connection of the yokes is achieved with the housing.
  • the at least one permanent magnet is arranged in the region between the coil and the at least one undercut element.
  • the undercut element projecting from the outer circumference of the yoke constitutes a "material accumulation" which favors the magnetic flux in the region of the at least one permanent magnet.
  • one or more e.g. be provided two permanent magnets per yoke.
  • the two permanent magnets may be spaced apart as seen in their north-south direction.
  • the permanent magnets are arranged offset from one another in a direction transverse to their north-south direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Hubaktuator 1 according to the invention in a schematic representation.
  • the lifting actuator 1 has a first electromagnet 2 and a second electromagnet 3. Further, an anchor biased by springs 4, 5 in a central position anchor, of which only an anchor plate 6 is shown here.
  • the anchor plate 6 is arranged between the two electromagnets 2, 3.
  • the armature further comprises a shaft, not shown here, and is arranged between an upper and lower end position axially displaceable between the two electromagnets.
  • the electromagnets each have a formed by a laminated core yoke 7 with pole pieces 8-10. By the pole pieces 8-10 recesses 11, 12 are formed, in which a coil 13 of the electromagnet is arranged.
  • the yoke In the area behind the recesses 14, 15 or the permanent magnets 16, 17 arranged therein, the yoke has on its outside two dovetail-like undercut elements 18, 19.
  • the undercut elements 18, 19 serve primarily to connect the yoke 7, which is in a housing surrounding the yoke 7 - e.g. a cylinder head - is poured, positively and thus mechanically robust with the housing (not shown) is connected.
  • the electromagnet 2 shown here only schematically can be constructed very analogous to the electromagnet 3.
  • the armature in the direction of the electromagnet 3 can be pulled out.
  • the armature plate 6 is detected by the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 16, 17 in addition to the magnetic field generated by the coil 13.
  • a smaller holding current is required due to the permanent magnets 14, 15 than in purely electromagnetic actuation of the armature, i. if no permanent magnets were present.
  • the coil 13 and the permanent magnets 16, 17 are cast in the associated recesses 11, 12 and 14, 15, for example by a curable synthetic resin, e.g. Epoxy resin.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of in FIG. 1 shown electromagnet 3 of the Hubaktuators.
  • the permanent magnet 16 is slightly wider here than in FIG FIG. 1 provided electromagnet 16.
  • the electromagnet 16 of FIG. 2 has substantially the same width as the coil 13. Accordingly, the recesses 11 and 14 merge into each other or are formed by a single groove in the yoke 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows another variant of the electromagnet 3.
  • two permanent magnets 16, 17 are provided. However, these are not arranged centrally below the coil 13, but offset towards the center of the yoke 7. How out FIG. 3 it can be seen, the permanent magnets 16, 17 have a slightly smaller width than the coil 13. Accordingly, the recesses 14, 15 have a slightly smaller width than the recesses 11, 12th
  • FIGS. 4a, 4b, 5, 6 show plan views of different variants of the invention.
  • the permanent magnets 14, 15 are arranged centrally below the recesses 11, 12. How out FIG. 4a It can be seen that the permanent magnets 16, 17 extend over the entire length of the yoke 7.
  • FIG. 5 are the permanent magnets 16, 17 shorter than in the embodiment of FIGS. 4a, 4b ,
  • the permanent magnets 16, 17 are arranged centrally on the yoke 7 with respect to their longitudinal direction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Commande électrique de soupapes de moteurs à combustion interne comportant un induit coulissant, muni d'une plaque d'induit (6), d'un premier électroaimant (2) installé d'un côté de la plaque d'induit (6) et d'un second électroaimant (3) installé sur l'autre côté de la plaque d'induit (6),
    les électroaimants (2, 3) ont chacun une culasse (7) munie d'une bobine (13) et l'alimentation électrique de la bobine (13) d'un électroaimant (2) génère un champ magnétique qui tire l'induit en direction d'une première position de fin de course et l'alimentation électrique de l'autre électroaimant (3) génère un champ magnétique qui tire l'induit dans la direction opposée vers une seconde position de fin de course et
    sur au moins l'une des culasses (7) il y a au moins un aimant permanent (16, 17) qui attire l'induit, notamment si la plaque d'induit (6) se trouve à proximité de l'électroaimant (3) associé,
    au moins un aimant permanent (16, 17) étant prévu sur un côté de la bobine (13) non tourné vers la plaque d'induit (6) de l'électroaimant (3) correspondant,
    la culasse (7) comportant au moins cet aimant permanent (16, 17) présente une cavité (11, 12) recevant la bobine associée (13) et
    vue en partant de la plaque d'induit (6), dans une zone derrière la bobine (13), la culasse (7) a une cavité (14, 15) qui reçoit au moins un aimant permanent (16, 17),
    caractérisée en ce que
    la bobine (13) et au moins un aimant permanent (16, 17) sont fixés à la culasse (7) par un liant coulé et ensuite durci, entre la culasse (7), la bobine (13) et l'aimant permanent (16, 17).
  2. Commande électrique de soupapes selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle au moins un aimant permanent (16, 17) est installé lorsqu'on regarde la plaque d'induit (6) dans une zone derrière les enroulements de la bobine (13).
  3. Commande électrique de soupapes selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la culasse (7) est logée dans un boîtier.
  4. Commande électrique de soupapes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la culasse (7) est coulée dans un boîtier.
  5. Commande électrique de soupapes selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle la culasse (7) comporte sur son côté extérieur, au moins un élément à contre-dépouille (18, 19) en saillie du côté extérieur et la partie en contre-dépouille formée par l'élément à contre-dépouille (18, 19) est remplie de la matière du boîtier et est ainsi reliée au boîtier par une liaison par la forme.
  6. Commande électrique de soupapes selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle au moins un aimant permanent (16, 17) est prévu dans la zone comprise entre la bobine (13) associée et au moins un élément à contre-dépouille (18, 19).
  7. Commande électrique de soupapes selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans laquelle au moins deux aimants permanents (16, 17) sont prévus sur l'une des deux culasses (7) des électroaimants (2, 3).
  8. Commande électrique de soupapes selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle les deux aimants permanents (16, 17) sont écartés l'un de l'autre dans leur direction Nord-Sud.
  9. Commande électrique de soupapes selon les revendications 7 ou 8, dans laquelle les deux aimants permanents (16, 17) sont installés dans une direction décalée transversalement par rapport à leur direction Nord-Sud.
EP04009654A 2003-05-21 2004-04-22 Commande de soupapes avec électro-aimants et aimants permanents Expired - Lifetime EP1479880B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10322881 2003-05-21
DE10322881A DE10322881A1 (de) 2003-05-21 2003-05-21 Elektrischer Ventiltrieb mit Elektro- und Permanentmagneten

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1479880A2 EP1479880A2 (fr) 2004-11-24
EP1479880A3 EP1479880A3 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1479880B1 true EP1479880B1 (fr) 2008-08-20

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EP04009654A Expired - Lifetime EP1479880B1 (fr) 2003-05-21 2004-04-22 Commande de soupapes avec électro-aimants et aimants permanents

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EP (1) EP1479880B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10322881A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109817408B (zh) * 2017-11-21 2022-05-10 三花亚威科电器设备（芜湖）有限公司 电磁铁和具有该电磁铁的电磁阀

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4829947A (en) * 1987-08-12 1989-05-16 General Motors Corporation Variable lift operation of bistable electromechanical poppet valve actuator
JP3186462B2 (ja) * 1994-09-22 2001-07-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の電磁式弁駆動装置
JPH1047028A (ja) * 1996-07-31 1998-02-17 Suzuki Motor Corp 電磁弁型エンジンの制御装置
DE19723405A1 (de) * 1997-06-04 1998-12-10 Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Steuerung eines elektromagnetischen Ventilbetriebes für ein Gaswechselventil
DE19712293A1 (de) * 1997-03-24 1998-10-01 Binder Magnete Elektromagnetisch arbeitende Stelleinrichtung
DE19744714C1 (de) * 1997-10-10 1999-03-11 Daimler Benz Ag Elektromagnetischer Aktuator zur Betätigung eines Gaswechselventils
JP3547115B2 (ja) * 1998-06-11 2004-07-28 トヨタ自動車株式会社 電磁駆動バルブ
JP2002364391A (ja) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-18 Toyota Motor Corp 電磁駆動弁の中立位置変化検出装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10322881A1 (de) 2004-12-16
DE502004007871D1 (de) 2008-10-02
EP1479880A3 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1479880A2 (fr) 2004-11-24

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