EP1478592B1 - Stirrup with automatic fixing - Google Patents

Stirrup with automatic fixing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1478592B1
EP1478592B1 EP03722672A EP03722672A EP1478592B1 EP 1478592 B1 EP1478592 B1 EP 1478592B1 EP 03722672 A EP03722672 A EP 03722672A EP 03722672 A EP03722672 A EP 03722672A EP 1478592 B1 EP1478592 B1 EP 1478592B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stirrup
base
rider
axis
triggering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP03722672A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1478592A1 (en
Inventor
Yann Dubourg
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Freejumpsystem
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Freejumpsystem
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1478592A1 publication Critical patent/EP1478592A1/en
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Publication of EP1478592B1 publication Critical patent/EP1478592B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68C—SADDLES; STIRRUPS
    • B68C3/00—Stirrups
    • B68C3/02—Stirrups with side part or sole plate attached to other parts of the stirrup movably, e.g. pivotally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68C—SADDLES; STIRRUPS
    • B68C3/00—Stirrups
    • B68C3/0016—One-legged stirrups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68C—SADDLES; STIRRUPS
    • B68C3/00—Stirrups
    • B68C2003/0041—Stirrups with a shock absorbing device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a self-fastening stirrup for facilitating and securing the practice of riding by securing the foot of the rider to the stirrup using two associated holding means which cooperate with elastic return forces to allow the engagement and triggering of the fixation.
  • the document DE62244 describes a stirrup according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the stirrup comprises a magnetic retaining means for securing the shoe of the rider on the stirrup.
  • the present invention is defined by a stirrup with a mechanical retaining means, having the features of claim 1.
  • the riding stirrup is traditionally composed of an eyelet, two branches and a floor.
  • the use of the two branches allows the rider to retain his stirrups more easily, the foot can indeed come out only by a movement backwards, the loss of the stirrup due to a lateral movement does not exist.
  • the disadvantage of using these two branches is the danger of a foot stuck in the stirrup if it is shod too thoroughly.
  • the use of the boot with heel derives from the need to protect the rider from this risk of blockage. It remains effective without being perfect or help the rider keep his stirrups in all situations.
  • the device of the invention is a single-legged caliper whose floor, fixed on an axis via a hub, can perform a rotational movement forward and rearward.
  • the floor comprises a female fastening means.
  • This fixing means consists of two bars parallel to the axis of rotation. These bars can be spaced parallel to the axis and are held in position by elastic return forces.
  • This female fastening means is provided to be secured to a male fastening means attached to the sole of the rider's boot.
  • the rider engages the automatic attachment by engaging the male fastening means of his shoe between the two bars of the female fastener when, in the saddle, he shoes his stirrups.
  • the axis integral with the yoke leg, has a projection surmounted by a trigger stop by the use of a hub recessed in its center.
  • This projection associated with the trigger stop prohibits a complete rotation of the floor around the axis.
  • the thrust of the axle exerts pressure on the lugs of the floor female fastener.
  • This pressure is an antagonistic force to the elastic restoring force that triggers the male attachment of the shoe.
  • This triggering means releases the stirrups and ensures the safety of the rider in case of a fall.
  • This triggering means may be adjustable depending on the weight of the rider.
  • Adjustment means at the male attachment of the sole of the shoe allows the rider to adjust the point of attachment from front to back of his sole. This means of adjustment allows him to exert the pressure on the stirrup at the place of his foot which suits him perfectly.
  • the single branch of the automatic caliper contains a damper in its lower part.
  • This damper makes it possible to damp the pressure variations exerted on the stirrups and thus to absorb the forces exerted inadvertently on the triggering means of the fastener. This shock will bring more comfort to the rider as to the horse, it is particularly useful to the reception of a jump.
  • the use of the automatic caliper allows the rider to keep his stirrups in all circumstances. Useful during sudden uncontrolled movements, the automatic stirrup allows the rider to maintain his balance. It is a comfort and a security for the confirmed rider as for the beginner rider.
  • the automatic caliper is also particularly effective when the rider rides in his saddle. Indeed when sitting in his saddle, the rider must make efforts to maintain sufficient pressure not to lose his stirrups.
  • the attachment allows him to go up in a sitting position in a much more relaxed way, he keeps his supports available at all times always adjusted exactly as he wishes thanks to the adjustment means on the male attachment of the shoe.
  • the fixation prevents the foot from constantly seeking the ideal pressure point to which it is accustomed, the leg is more fixed.
  • the suspension integrated in the stirrup branch dampens shocks, it relieves the knees of riders who usually play this role of shock absorber and the back of the horses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Holders For Apparel And Elements Relating To Apparel (AREA)

Abstract

The stirrup comprises a single branch (1) connecting a floor (5) to the stirrup leather so as to allow a rapid disengagement of the foot in the event of a fall. The stirrup floor rotates about an axis (A) and comprises a female fixing, comprising U-shaped bars (9), for receiving a male fixing (12) integrated in the rider's boot sole and release means (8) for releasing the fixing during rotation of the floor to the front or rear.

Description

La présente invention concerne un étrier à fixation automatique visant à faciliter et sécuriser la pratique de l'équitation en solidarisant le pied du cavalier à l'étrier à l'aide de deux moyens de retenu associés qui coopèrent avec des forces de rappel élastiques pour permettre l'enclenchement et le déclenchement de la fixation.The present invention relates to a self-fastening stirrup for facilitating and securing the practice of riding by securing the foot of the rider to the stirrup using two associated holding means which cooperate with elastic return forces to allow the engagement and triggering of the fixation.

Le document DE62244 décrit un étrier selon le préambule de la revendication 1. L'étrier comprend un moyen de retenue magnétique pour solidariser la chaussure du cavalier sur l'étrier.The document DE62244 describes a stirrup according to the preamble of claim 1. The stirrup comprises a magnetic retaining means for securing the shoe of the rider on the stirrup.

La présente invention est définie par un étrier avec un moyen de retenue mécanique, présentant les caractéristiques de la revendication 1.The present invention is defined by a stirrup with a mechanical retaining means, having the features of claim 1.

L'étrier d'équitation est traditionnellement composé d'un oeillet, deux branches et un plancher.The riding stirrup is traditionally composed of an eyelet, two branches and a floor.

L'utilisation des deux branches permet au cavalier de conserver plus facilement ses étriers, le pied ne peut en effet sortir que par un mouvement vers l'arrière, la perte de l'étrier due à un mouvement latéral n'existe pas. L'inconvénient de l'utilisation de ces deux branches est le danger d'un pied bloqué dans l'étrier s'il est chaussé trop à fond. L'usage de la botte à talon découle de la nécessité de protéger le cavalier de ce risque de blocage. Il reste efficace sans être parfait ni aider le cavalier à conserver ses étriers dans toutes les situations.The use of the two branches allows the rider to retain his stirrups more easily, the foot can indeed come out only by a movement backwards, the loss of the stirrup due to a lateral movement does not exist. The disadvantage of using these two branches is the danger of a foot stuck in the stirrup if it is shod too thoroughly. The use of the boot with heel derives from the need to protect the rider from this risk of blockage. It remains effective without being perfect or help the rider keep his stirrups in all situations.

Le dispositif objet de l'invention est un étrier à une seule branche dont le plancher, fixé sur un axe par l'intermédiaire d'un moyeu, peut effectuer un mouvement rotatif vers l'avant et vers l'arrière. Le plancher comporte un moyen de fixation femelle. Ce moyen de fixation est constitué de deux barrettes parallèles à l'axe de rotation. Ces barrettes peuvent être écartées parallèlement à l'axe et sont maintenues en position grâce à des forces de rappel élastiques.The device of the invention is a single-legged caliper whose floor, fixed on an axis via a hub, can perform a rotational movement forward and rearward. The floor comprises a female fastening means. This fixing means consists of two bars parallel to the axis of rotation. These bars can be spaced parallel to the axis and are held in position by elastic return forces.

Les extrémités de ces barrettes enroulées en spirales autour de deux axes solidaires du plancher constituent les forces de rappel élastiques.The ends of these strips spirally wound around two integral axes of the floor constitute the elastic restoring forces.

Ce moyen de fixation femelle est prévu pour se solidariser avec un moyen de fixation mâle fixé sur le semelle de la chaussure du cavalier. Le cavalier enclenche la fixation automatique en engageant le moyen de fixation mâle de sa chaussure entre les deux barrettes de la fixation femelle lorsque, en selle, il chausse ses étriers.This female fastening means is provided to be secured to a male fastening means attached to the sole of the rider's boot. The rider engages the automatic attachment by engaging the male fastening means of his shoe between the two bars of the female fastener when, in the saddle, he shoes his stirrups.

Une fois enclenchée, la fixation automatique va supprimer tous risques de perte des étriers par inadvertance. Quels que soient les mouvements des jambes du cavalier ou les mouvements brusques du cheval, le cavalier conservera ses étriers ce qui permettra un meilleur équilibre pour les cavaliers débutants et un meilleur contrôle des chevaux pour les cavaliers confirmés.Once engaged, the automatic fixing will eliminate any risk of loss of stirrups inadvertently. Regardless of the rider's leg movements or the abrupt movements of the horse, the rider will retain his stirrups which will allow a better balance for novice riders and better horse control for experienced riders.

L'axe, solidaire de la branche de l'étrier, comporte une saillie surmontée d'une butée de déclenchement grâce à l'utilisation d'un moyeu évidé en son centre.The axis, integral with the yoke leg, has a projection surmounted by a trigger stop by the use of a hub recessed in its center.

Cette saillie associée à la butée de déclenchement interdit une rotation complète du plancher autour de l'axe. Lors d'une rotation vers l'avant ou l'arrière du plancher supérieure à un angle prédéfini, la butée de déclenchement de l'axe exerce une pression sur les barrettes de la fixation femelle du plancher. Cette pression est une force antagoniste à la force de rappel élastique qui déclenche la fixation mâle de la chaussure. Ce moyen de déclenchement permet de déchausser les étriers et assure la sécurité du cavalier en cas de chute. Ce moyen de déclenchement peut être réglable en fonction du poids du cavalier.This projection associated with the trigger stop prohibits a complete rotation of the floor around the axis. When rotating forward or backward of the upper floor at a predefined angle, the thrust of the axle exerts pressure on the lugs of the floor female fastener. This pressure is an antagonistic force to the elastic restoring force that triggers the male attachment of the shoe. This triggering means releases the stirrups and ensures the safety of the rider in case of a fall. This triggering means may be adjustable depending on the weight of the rider.

Un moyen de réglage au niveau de la fixation mâle de la semelle de la chaussure permet au cavalier de régler le point de fixation d'avant en arrière de sa semelle. Ce moyen de réglage lui permet d'exercer la pression sur l'étrier à l'endroit de son pied qui lui convient parfaitement.Adjustment means at the male attachment of the sole of the shoe allows the rider to adjust the point of attachment from front to back of his sole. This means of adjustment allows him to exert the pressure on the stirrup at the place of his foot which suits him perfectly.

La branche unique de l'étrier automatique contient un amortisseur dans sa partie basse. Cet amortisseur permet d'amortir les variations de pression exercées sur les étriers et donc d'absorber les forces exercées de façon intempestive sur les moyens de déclenchement de la fixation. Cet amortisseur apportera plus de confort au cavalier comme au cheval, il est particulièrement utile à la réception d'un saut.The single branch of the automatic caliper contains a damper in its lower part. This damper makes it possible to damp the pressure variations exerted on the stirrups and thus to absorb the forces exerted inadvertently on the triggering means of the fastener. This shock will bring more comfort to the rider as to the horse, it is particularly useful to the reception of a jump.

L'exemple de réalisation particulier, mais non limitatif, fait référence aux figures annexées. La figure 1 est une vue schématique de face de l'étrier selon l'invention. La figure 2 est une coupe schématique longitudinale du plancher de l'étrier selon l'invention.

  • La branche 1 de l'étrier, réalisée en aluminium, peut comporter, au dessus de la fixation du plancher, un système d'amortissement 2 réalisé à partir d'un ressort 3 et d'élastomère 4
  • Un axe A en acier est fixé perpendiculairement sur la branche 1 au niveau de sa base
  • Un plancher 5 en matière composite est fixé rotativement sur l'axe A par l'intermédiaire d'un moyeu B en acier
  • Un évidemment 6 du moyeu B en son centre permet la fixation d'une saillie 7 sur fate A
  • Cette saillie 7 de l'axe A est surmontée d'une pièce rectangulaire plane 8 jouant le rôle d'une butée de déclenchement
  • L'évidemment 6 du moyeu B permet au plancher de pivoter sur l'axe A, malgré la saillie, dans la limite de l'évidemment
  • Deux axes C et D sont fixés sur les parois droites et gauches du plancher 5 parallèlement à l'axe A de chaque côté du moyeu B
  • Deux fils d'acier forment chacun un U inversé dans un plan vertical à partir des axes C et D. Le U est obtenu grâce à des percées dans le plancher 5 qui permettent le passage du fil d'acier et deux coudes 10. Ces U inversés permettent d'obtenir deux barrettes 9, au dessus du plancher 5, parallèles à l'axe A, en avant et arrière de celui-ci. Ces deux barrettes 9 jouent le rôle de moyen de fixation femelle du moyen de fixation mâle 12 de la chaussure.
  • Les extrémités de ces fils d'acier en U sont enroulées en spirale autour des axes C et D de façon à créer des ressorts de torsion 11
  • Les ressorts de torsion 11 de chaque fil d'acier permettent l'écartement des barrettes 9 lors de l'enclenchement du moyen de fixation mâle 12 de la chaussure tout en exerçant une force de rappel qui ramène les deux barrettes 9 dans leur position initiales une fois le moyen de fixation mâle 12 enclenché
  • La pièce 8 montée sur la saillie de l'axe A a pour but le déclenchement du moyen de fixation mâle 12 de la chaussure lors du pivotement du plancher vers l'avant ou l'arrière :
    • Solidaires du plancher monté rotativement sur l'axe A via les deux axes C et D, les deux branches verticales 13 de chaque fil d'acier en U viennent en butée contre la pièce 8 lors d'une rotation du plancher.
    • La pression exercée par la pièce 8 sur les branches verticales 13 permet l'écartement des barrettes 9 pour obtenir le déclenchement du moyen de fixation mâle 12 de la chaussure : lors d'une rotation vers l'avant du plancher 5, les branches 13 du fil d'acier placé en arrière de l'axe A vont venir en butée contre la partie arrière de la pièce 8 et provoquer l'écartement vers l'arrière de la barrette 9 arrière. Cet écartement libérera le moyen de fixation mâle 12 de la chaussure du cavalier. L'effet est inversement identique pour une rotation vers l'arrière.
  • La largeur de la pièce 8 et la force des ressorts de torsion 11 permettent de déterminer les seuils de déclenchement avant et arrière
  • L'oeillet 14 de la branche 1 est réalisé dans le prolongement de l'étrivière de façon à ce que l'étrier reste naturellement perpendiculaire à la direction du cheval lorsqu'il est au repos
The particular embodiment, but not limiting, refers to the accompanying figures. The figure 1 is a schematic front view of the stirrup according to the invention. The figure 2 is a schematic longitudinal section of the floor of the stirrup according to the invention.
  • The branch 1 of the stirrup, made of aluminum, may comprise, above the floor attachment, a damping system 2 made from a spring 3 and elastomer 4
  • A steel axis A is fixed perpendicularly to the branch 1 at its base
  • A floor 5 of composite material is rotatably fixed on the axis A via a steel hub B
  • A recess 6 of the hub B at its center allows the attachment of a projection 7 on fate A
  • This projection 7 of the axis A is surmounted by a flat rectangular piece 8 acting as a trigger stop
  • The recess 6 of the hub B allows the floor to pivot on the axis A, despite the projection, within the limit of the obviously
  • Two axes C and D are fixed on the right and left walls of the floor 5 parallel to the axis A on each side of the hub B
  • Two steel wires each form an inverted U in a vertical plane from the axes C and D. The U is obtained by means of bores in the floor 5 which allow the passage of the steel wire and two elbows 10. These U inverted allow to obtain two strips 9, above the floor 5, parallel to the axis A, in front and rear thereof. These two bars 9 act as female attachment means of the male fastening means 12 of the shoe.
  • The ends of these U-shaped steel wires are spirally wound around the axes C and D so as to create torsion springs 11
  • The torsion springs 11 of each steel wire allow the spacing of the bars 9 during the engagement of the male fastening means 12 of the boot while exerting a restoring force which brings the two bars 9 back to their initial positions. once the male fastening means 12 is engaged
  • The piece 8 mounted on the projection of the axis A is intended to trigger the male attachment means 12 of the boot when pivoting the floor forward or back:
    • Solidaires floor rotatably mounted on the axis A via the two axes C and D, the two vertical branches 13 of each U-shaped steel wire abut against the part 8 during a rotation of the floor.
    • The pressure exerted by the piece 8 on the vertical branches 13 allows the spacing of the bars 9 to trigger the male attachment means 12 of the boot: during a forward rotation of the floor 5, the branches 13 of the steel wire placed behind the axis A will abut against the rear part of the part 8 and cause spacing rearward of the bar 9 rear. This spacing will release the male fastening means 12 of the rider's shoe. The effect is inversely the same for backward rotation.
  • The width of the part 8 and the force of the torsion springs 11 make it possible to determine the thresholds of triggering front and rear
  • The eyelet 14 of the branch 1 is made in the extension of the stirrup leather so that the stirrup remains naturally perpendicular to the direction of the horse when it is at rest

L'utilisation de l'étrier automatique permet au cavalier de conserver ses étriers en toutes circonstances. Utile lors de mouvements brusques incontrôlés, l'étrier automatique permet au cavalier de conserver son équilibre. C'est un confort et une sécurité pour le cavalier confirmé comme pour le cavalier débutant.The use of the automatic caliper allows the rider to keep his stirrups in all circumstances. Useful during sudden uncontrolled movements, the automatic stirrup allows the rider to maintain his balance. It is a comfort and a security for the confirmed rider as for the beginner rider.

L'étrier automatique est aussi particulièrement efficace lorsque le cavalier monte assis dans sa selle. En effet lorsqu'il est assis dans sa selle, le cavalier doit faire des efforts pour maintenir une pression suffisante pour ne pas perdre ses étriers. La fixation lui permet de monter en position assis d'une façon beaucoup plus décontractée, il garde ses appuis disponibles à chaque instant toujours réglés très exactement comme il le souhaite grâce au moyen de réglage sur la fixation mâle de la chaussure. La fixation évite au pied de rechercher constamment le point de pression idéales auquel il est habitué, la jambe est plus fixe.The automatic caliper is also particularly effective when the rider rides in his saddle. Indeed when sitting in his saddle, the rider must make efforts to maintain sufficient pressure not to lose his stirrups. The attachment allows him to go up in a sitting position in a much more relaxed way, he keeps his supports available at all times always adjusted exactly as he wishes thanks to the adjustment means on the male attachment of the shoe. The fixation prevents the foot from constantly seeking the ideal pressure point to which it is accustomed, the leg is more fixed.

L'utilisation d'une seule branche, associée aux moyens de décrochage latéraux permet une sécurité maximale de l'usage de l'étrier. Le pied ne peut plus se bloquer dans l'étrier en cas de chute.The use of a single branch, associated with the lateral stalling means allows maximum safety of the use of the stirrup. The foot can no longer lock in the stirrup in the event of a fall.

La suspension intégrée dans la branche de l'étrier amortit les chocs, elle soulage les genoux des cavaliers qui jouent habituellement ce rôle d'amortisseur et le dos des chevaux.The suspension integrated in the stirrup branch dampens shocks, it relieves the knees of riders who usually play this role of shock absorber and the back of the horses.

Claims (8)

  1. A stirrup intended to be used in particular in horse-riding in order to assist the rider in his search for balance and safety, said stirrup including:
    • a single arm (1) connecting a base (5) to the stirrup leather so as to allow rapid disengagement of the foot towards the outside in the event of a fall, characterised in that the stirrup comprises
    • retaining means on the base (5) exerting an elastic return force associated with retaining means (12) disposed on the boot of the rider, which cooperates with release means (8) triggered by opposing forces sensitive to a pressure of the boot of the rider towards the front or rear.
  2. A stirrup according to claim 1, characterised in that the base (5) of the stirrup mounted so as to rotate on an axis (A) comprises female fixing means (9) intended to receive male fixing means (12) integrated in the sole of a boot and means for triggering the fixing when the base (5) is rotated towards the front or rear.
  3. A stirrup according to claim 2, characterised in that the female fixing means (9) is formed of U-shaped bars (9) mounted so as to be able to be moved away parallel to the axis (A) of the base (5) counter to the elastic return forces, in particular under the action of a thrust exerted by the male fixing means (12) of the boot at the time of triggering, or by means of pressure exerted on the bars (9) for triggering during a rotary movement of the base (5).
  4. A stirrup according to claim 3, characterised in that the elastic return forces are generated by the ends of the bars (9) wound in a spiral on two axes (C, D) so as to create a torsion spring.
  5. A stirrup according to claim 4, characterised in that the axes (C, D) around which the ends of the bars (9) are wound are secured to the base (5).
  6. A stirrup according to claim 1, characterised in that the hub (B) on which the base (5) is fixed is hollowed out at its centre so as to allow the use of an axis (A) comprising a projection (7).
  7. A stirrup according to claim 6, characterised in that the projection (7) of the axis (A) on which the base (5) of the stirrup is mounted rotationally is surmounted by a triggering stop (8) able to exert pressures on the U-shaped bars (9) when the base (5), under the action of pressure from the foot, pivots towards the front or rear.
  8. A stirrup according to claim 7, characterised in that a damper (2) is integrated in the arm (1) of the stirrup in order to limit unwanted triggering.
EP03722672A 2002-02-22 2003-02-24 Stirrup with automatic fixing Expired - Lifetime EP1478592B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0202311A FR2836469B1 (en) 2002-02-22 2002-02-22 AUTOMATIC FIXING HORSEBACK
FR0202311 2002-02-22
PCT/FR2003/000604 WO2003070622A1 (en) 2002-02-22 2003-02-24 Stirrup with automatic fixing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1478592A1 EP1478592A1 (en) 2004-11-24
EP1478592B1 true EP1478592B1 (en) 2008-12-24

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EP03722672A Expired - Lifetime EP1478592B1 (en) 2002-02-22 2003-02-24 Stirrup with automatic fixing

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US (1) US7225602B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1478592B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE418524T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003229839A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2476508C (en)
DE (1) DE60325460D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2836469B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003070622A1 (en)

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DE62244C (en) * H. BERNSTEIN, Premier-Lieutenant a. D., in Berlin S., Wasserthorstr. 70 Safety stirrups
US215942A (en) * 1879-05-27 Improvement in saddle-stirrups
US459291A (en) * 1891-09-08 Safety-stirrup
US722877A (en) * 1902-10-27 1903-03-17 Hans Nikolaisen Stirrup.
US1622510A (en) * 1925-04-29 1927-03-29 Hendriks Mathew Safety device for saddle stirrups
SE526839C2 (en) * 2003-09-22 2005-11-08 Rolf Sjoeswaerd System at stirrup

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003070622A1 (en) 2003-08-28
CA2476508C (en) 2008-12-23
US20050229552A1 (en) 2005-10-20
US7225602B2 (en) 2007-06-05
DE60325460D1 (en) 2009-02-05
EP1478592A1 (en) 2004-11-24
FR2836469B1 (en) 2004-08-20
FR2836469A1 (en) 2003-08-29
AU2003229839A1 (en) 2003-09-09
ATE418524T1 (en) 2009-01-15
CA2476508A1 (en) 2003-08-28

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