EP1475597A2 - Heizelement für einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelements - Google Patents
Heizelement für einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1475597A2 EP1475597A2 EP04010542A EP04010542A EP1475597A2 EP 1475597 A2 EP1475597 A2 EP 1475597A2 EP 04010542 A EP04010542 A EP 04010542A EP 04010542 A EP04010542 A EP 04010542A EP 1475597 A2 EP1475597 A2 EP 1475597A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- stick
- layer
- enamel layer
- enamel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
- F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D19/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium
- F28D19/04—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which the intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is moved successively into contact with each heat-exchange medium using rigid bodies, e.g. mounted on a movable carrier
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
- F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heating element designed as a profiled steel sheet for a A regenerative heat exchanger.
- heating elements are generally known.
- a variety of heating elements form the Storage mass of a regenerative heat exchanger.
- the heat transfer or Heat exchange required storage mass is used in corrosive and / or gas flows containing dust are subjected to special operational stresses.
- Enameled steel sheets are relatively good corrosion-resistant, but they have the disadvantage a relatively high wettability, which is reflected in the fact that coatings on enamelled Adhere heating elements more or less firmly.
- Storage masses made of plastic are expensive and disadvantageous in that they have low heat capacity and heat conduction have, are not economically presented in the optimal form for heat technology can and a relatively low mechanical strength, temperature and Resistance to temperature changes and erosion. Therefore limit yourself the use of plastic storage masses on applications in low-dust Flue gases, preferably as a cold end position, i.e. on the heat exchanger outlet side of the Flue gas, in gas preheaters at desulphurization plants (REA Gavo).
- heating elements coated with basic and non-stick enamel you can open up produce or represent a heat storage mass in a particularly economical manner is corrosion-resistant, has an abrasion-resistant, dirt-repellent surface and none thermal and constructive disadvantages or restrictions with regard to Operating mode. It can be used for heat exchange, pressure loss and mechanical stability optimized and proven sheet steel profiles are used and the non-stick enamel layer affects the heat transfer performance only slightly, d. H. with the high heat capacity of enamel and the additional mass it will practically even increased.
- the dirt-repellent property of the heating elements according to the invention is reduced or even prevents the build-up of pressure loss-increasing pollution layers on the heating element profiles. This brings operational advantages because then the intervals for the when the maximum permissible pressure drop has been reached, the necessary cleaning work Storage mass can be extended and consequently also smaller amounts of Cleaning waste water accrues. If coverings still form, they stick to the Non-stick enamel is less firm and can therefore be blown with less or Flushing pressure or with smaller amounts of blowing medium and / or polluting Clean rinse water.
- the non-stick enamel coating with a layer thickness of 5 has proven to be advantageous to apply up to 40 microns, a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention Layer thickness of 15 to 25 microns is applied. This thin layer is sufficient to cover the Base enamel layer applied as corrosion protection against caking and buildup largely protect.
- the heating element is the Total layer thickness, i.e. the base enamel layer including the non-stick enamel coating, 80 to 300 ⁇ m. With this layer thickness, an optimum with regard to the Corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity and coating costs achieved.
- the heating element By designing the heating element with an acid-proof base enamel layer with an abrasion value or weight loss after a test period of 18 hours of a maximum of 10 g / m 2 (measurement based on DIN 2743 and pr EN 14483-2), the heating element is equipped with an extremely corrosion-resistant coating, which gives the heating element a long service life.
- An advantageous embodiment of the heating element has a low-pore base enamel layer, the base enamel layer being designed in a particularly advantageous manner with a maximum of 15 pores per m 2 .
- the small number of pores ensures that the metal base body remains largely protected against corrosion.
- the heating element has at least one single-layer Base enamel layer and non-stick enamel coating on.
- Such a trained one Heating element is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
- the base enamel layer after degreasing the steel sheet directly and without a primer on the steel sheet applied and / or the non-stick enamel coating directly on the without pretreatment Base enamel layer applied. This allows the two layers of enamel to work very well can be applied economically without additional work steps.
- An advantageous method provides for a frit or frit mixture of the non-stick enamel to grind a water-based slip, the slip by dipping or spraying applied to the enameled heating element and then in a kiln dry and melt. This measure can be very conventional be operated economically.
- the base enamel layer and / or the layer is advantageously dried and fired Non-stick enamel layer in a continuous furnace. This process is characterized by high Effectiveness and energy efficiency.
- Another advantage of the inventive method is that the non-stick enamel with the to Enamelling of heating plates (basic enamel) usual devices can be applied and therefore no additional equipment and facilities necessary for the production are.
- a heating element according to the invention for a Regenerative heat exchanger and a method for producing such a heating element described.
- a heating element consists of a steel sheet which, after being profiled using profiling rollers, is advantageously prepared for degreasing or pickling, but without applying a primer. Then an acid-resistant base enamel layer is applied to the steel sheet, which serves as corrosion protection.
- the basic enamel layer which is preferably low-pore and particularly preferably has a maximum of 15 pores per m 2 , is an enamel that has been specially developed for the corrosion protection of heating elements and has proven itself over many years in use in regenerative heat exchangers.
- the base enamel layer After the base enamel layer has been applied, it is advantageously without pretreatment a slip of non-stick enamel, for example through the enamelled surface Spray on or dip, applied and then dried and fired.
- the Layer thickness of the non-stick enamel on the base enamel is advantageous with 5 to 40 ⁇ m, in formed in a particularly advantageous manner with 15 to 25 microns.
- the basic email as well as the Non-stick enamel can be applied in one or more layers depending on the application, a total layer thickness of 80 to 300 ⁇ m has proven to be particularly advantageous Has.
- a thin non-stick enamel layer corresponds to the above Information without special pretreatment of the base enamel surface adheres firmly to it can be applied and this relatively thin non-stick enamel layer the wettability the heating element surface so far that comparable with fluoroplastics anti-adhesive properties can be achieved. Since the acid-proof, low-pores alone The non-stick enamel top layer must adequately protect the steel profile from corrosion make no contribution as a corrosion protection layer and can therefore very much turn out thin and do not have to be applied to pores and others Coating errors are noted. Due to the low wettability or with others Words, the non-stick enamel coating has a high dirt-repellent property Build-up of pressure loss-increasing contamination layers on the heating elements prevented or significantly reduced. This can extend cleaning intervals or smaller amounts of cleaning media are used.
- Fluoroplastic coatings have a significantly higher non-stick enamel layer Abrasion resistance and also the non-stick enamel adheres better to the base enamel than Fluoroplastic on enamel.
- non-stick emails are relatively expensive, the specified version, i.e. with relatively thin layer thickness, thus in a particularly economical, cost-effective manner Heating elements with corrosion and erosion-resistant and dirt-repellent Produce a coating because little expensive material is needed.
- optical Surface defects such as B. Tracks, color and gloss errors play in the technical Product heating element does not matter.
- the non-stick enamel layer can, without optics and beauty having to pay attention to the surface can be applied advantageously with little effort, with the ones already available for basic enamelling Manufacturing facilities, e.g. Furnaces. Since it is the one suggested above Solution is a technical application is in the composition of the two Enamel layers, for example, do not require food-safe purity or necessary, i.e.
- the lead and cadmium content of the enamel layers is less or not is critical and therefore does not have to be limited to what the raw material selection and Manufacture of the enamel frit is simplified and the coating is comparatively clear makes it cheaper.
- the non-stick enamel layer influences that Heat transfer performance of the heating element is only insignificant, it is due to the high Heat capacity of enamel and increased by the additional mass in a positive way.
- Heating elements for regenerative heat exchangers that are exposed to acid-containing flue gas must be provided with a very resistant, acid-resistant base enamel layer.
- the base enamel layer must have a very specific acid resistance, which is determined in accordance with the DIN 2743 + CEN resolution in highly corrosive 30% boiling sulfuric acid in a cooking test lasting several hours. The removal measured should be less than 10 g / m 2 after 18 hours of cooking.
- Regenerative heat exchangers consist of a large number of heating elements or Heat stores that are heated by a hot gas, for example flue gas and then the stored heat to a colder fluid, such as air or Give gas.
- a hot gas for example flue gas
- a colder fluid such as air or Give gas.
- Such regenerative heat exchangers can be used, for example, as Air preheater or gas preheater in boiler systems, flue gas cleaning systems etc. be used.
- the lowest possible flue gas outlet temperature temperature of the flue gas after flowing through the regenerative heat exchanger
- the lowest possible cold end temperature of the regenerative heat exchanger is aimed for in air preheaters.
- SO 3 and dust-containing flue gases raw gas, coal firing: up to 20 g dust / Nm 3 flue gas
- limits were previously set for the depth of the cold end temperature due to the formation of deposits too quickly and poor cleanability.
- Air preheaters are designed according to the prior art so that the cold end temperature is above the so-called pollution temperature.
- the pollution temperature is the temperature above which, as a result of the temperature falling below the dew point and incorporating fly ash (ash) into the flue gas condensate (sulfuric acid), it is no longer possible to manage deposits with economically justifiable effort.
- Heating elements that have anti-adhesive properties could not be used with a satisfactory service life due to the erosive conditions in air preheaters.
- plastics there is also the disadvantage of a relatively low permissible continuous operating temperature, which further limits their use and represents a safety risk in the event of a malfunction.
- a regenerative heat exchanger which is designed with heating elements according to the invention, the formation of a deposit is prevented, even if the temperature falls below the dew point, or it is at least much easier to control, which ultimately allows the flue gas temperature to be reduced below the level previously used.
- a lower flue gas temperature means a higher boiler efficiency and thus a lower specific CO 2 emission (emitted amount of CO 2 per unit produced electrical energy) and the systems downstream of the air preheater (electrostatic precipitator, flue gas cleaning system) can be built smaller (lower investments, lower operating costs).
- Another advantage is that falling below the dew point (thawing out sulfuric acid) goes hand in hand with a reduction in the SO 3 / H 2 SO 4 concentration in the flue gas, thus reducing the risk of corrosion in downstream systems and the risk of aerosol formation.
- heating elements according to the invention also with less erosive and corrosive applications can be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Stahlbänder werden mit Hilfe von Profilwalzen profiliert und daraus entsprechend der geforderten Maße Heizelemente zugeschnitten,
- auf die zugeschnittenen Stahlbleche wird die säurefeste Grundemailschicht aufgebracht und in einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt
- die Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung auf die säurefeste Grundemailschicht aufgetragen.
Claims (14)
- Heizelement für einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher, das als profiliertes Stahlblech ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das profilierte Stahlblech mit einer säurefesten Grundemailschicht und deren Oberfläche mit einer Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung versehen ist.
- Heizelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung mit einer Schichtstärke von 5 bis 40 µm aufgebracht ist.
- Heizelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung mit einer Schichtstärke von 15 bis 25 µm aufgebracht ist.
- Heizelement nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundemailschicht einschließlich der Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung mit einer Schichtdicke von 80 bis 300 µm aufgetragen ist.
- Heizelement nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die säurefeste Grundemailschicht einen Abtragswert bzw. Gewichtsverlust nach 18 Stunden Prüfzeit in einer 30%igen siedenden Schwefelsäure von maximal 10 g/m2 aufweist.
- Heizelement nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundemailschicht porenarm ausgebildet ist.
- Heizelement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundemailschicht im Mittel mit maximal 15 Poren/m2 ausgebildet ist.
- Heizelement nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundemailschicht und die Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung jeweils mindestens einlagig ausgebildet ist.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Heizelementes für Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Stahlbänder mit Hilfe von Profilwalzen profiliert und daraus entsprechend der geforderten Maße das Heizelement zugeschnitten wird, dass das Stahlblech säurefest grundemailliert wird und dass auf die Grundemailschicht die Antihaft-Emailschicht aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundemailschicht nach der Entfettung des Stahlbleches direkt und ohne Haftgrund auf das Stahlblech aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antihaft-Email-Beschichtung ohne Vorbehandlung direkt auf die Grundemailschicht aufgebracht wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Fritte oder Frittenmischung des Antihaft-Emails zu einem wasserbasigen Schlicker vermahlen, der Schlicker durch Tauchen oder Spritzen auf das grundemaillierte Heizelement aufgebracht und dann in einem Brennofen getrocknet und aufgeschmolzen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Trocknen und Brennen der Grundemailschicht und/oder der Antihaft-Email-Schicht in einem Durchlaufofen erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antihaft-Email-Schicht mit den zum Aufbringen der Grundemailschicht benötigten Einrichtungen aufgebracht wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10320462 | 2003-05-08 | ||
DE10320462A DE10320462B3 (de) | 2003-05-08 | 2003-05-08 | Heizelement für einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelementes |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1475597A2 true EP1475597A2 (de) | 2004-11-10 |
EP1475597A3 EP1475597A3 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
EP1475597B1 EP1475597B1 (de) | 2011-02-02 |
Family
ID=32981271
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP04010542A Expired - Lifetime EP1475597B1 (de) | 2003-05-08 | 2004-05-04 | Heizelement für einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelements |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1475597B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE497598T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10320462B3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2361926T3 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103063079A (zh) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-04-24 | 南京圣诺热管有限公司 | 金属搪瓷传热元件及其加工方法 |
DE102012203278A1 (de) | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-05 | Sgl Carbon Se | Rotationswärmetauscher mit Wärmetauscherplatten oder Wärmetauscherrohren aus Kohle- und Graphitwerkstoffen |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008030733A1 (de) | 2008-06-27 | 2009-12-31 | Munters Euroform Gmbh | Plattenpaket für Kaltendlage |
DE102009006855A1 (de) | 2008-11-04 | 2010-05-06 | Munters Euroform Gmbh | Plattenpaket für Kaltendlage |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4250215A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1981-02-10 | General Housewares Corp. | Cooking utensil with non-stick cooking surface |
DE3405768A1 (de) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-22 | Asta Ullrich GmbH Annweiler am Trifels, 6747 Annweiler | Emailliertes blech |
DE3445319A1 (de) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-12 | Gerhard 1000 Berlin Kutter | Gasabstroemungsvorrichtung |
DE4309844A1 (de) * | 1993-03-26 | 1994-09-29 | Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Rauchgaskanäle und rekuperative Wärmeaustauscher für Rauchgase |
DE4415178A1 (de) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-02 | Flucorrex Ag Flawil | Korrosionsbeständiges Verbundrohr, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3207213C3 (de) * | 1982-02-27 | 1995-03-23 | Kraftanlagen Ag | Speicherblock aus Kunststoff für Wärmeübertragung zwischen Gasströmen in Wärmetauschern |
DE4122949A1 (de) * | 1991-07-11 | 1993-01-14 | Rothemuehle Brandt Kritzler | Heizblechpaket fuer regenerative waermetauscher sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von profilblechen fuer solche heizblechpakete |
DE19940627A1 (de) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-03-01 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Heizelement für einen Regenerativ-Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Heizelementes |
-
2003
- 2003-05-08 DE DE10320462A patent/DE10320462B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-05-04 EP EP04010542A patent/EP1475597B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-04 ES ES04010542T patent/ES2361926T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-04 DE DE502004012158T patent/DE502004012158D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-04 AT AT04010542T patent/ATE497598T1/de active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4250215A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1981-02-10 | General Housewares Corp. | Cooking utensil with non-stick cooking surface |
DE3405768A1 (de) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-22 | Asta Ullrich GmbH Annweiler am Trifels, 6747 Annweiler | Emailliertes blech |
DE3445319A1 (de) * | 1984-12-07 | 1986-06-12 | Gerhard 1000 Berlin Kutter | Gasabstroemungsvorrichtung |
DE4309844A1 (de) * | 1993-03-26 | 1994-09-29 | Krc Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Rauchgaskanäle und rekuperative Wärmeaustauscher für Rauchgase |
DE4415178A1 (de) * | 1994-04-29 | 1995-11-02 | Flucorrex Ag Flawil | Korrosionsbeständiges Verbundrohr, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und dessen Verwendung |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012203278A1 (de) | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-05 | Sgl Carbon Se | Rotationswärmetauscher mit Wärmetauscherplatten oder Wärmetauscherrohren aus Kohle- und Graphitwerkstoffen |
WO2013127594A1 (de) | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-06 | Sgl Carbon Se | Rotationswärmetauscher mit wärmetauscherplatten oder wärmetauscherrohren aus kohle- und graphitwerkstoffen |
CN103063079A (zh) * | 2013-01-17 | 2013-04-24 | 南京圣诺热管有限公司 | 金属搪瓷传热元件及其加工方法 |
CN103063079B (zh) * | 2013-01-17 | 2014-09-10 | 南京圣诺热管有限公司 | 金属搪瓷传热元件及其加工方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10320462B3 (de) | 2005-03-03 |
ES2361926T3 (es) | 2011-06-24 |
EP1475597A3 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
DE502004012158D1 (de) | 2011-03-17 |
EP1475597B1 (de) | 2011-02-02 |
ATE497598T1 (de) | 2011-02-15 |
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