EP1473061B1 - Method for admixture (dosing) of liquid additives in fire extinguishing installations with water-based fire extinguishing agents - Google Patents

Abstract

The pump (34p1) for the extinguishing agent additive is connected through at least one extinguishing agent additive pipe (36) to each of the sprinkler units (10) whilst the relevant extinguishing agent pipe is joined with the relevant additive pipe in the region just in front of the relevant sprinkler unit, seen in relation to the flow direction (R). Independent claim describes sprinkler unit with at least one mixing system, at least one extinguishing agent container (20) for the extinguishing agent , at least one extinguishing agent pump (24) connected to each of the sprinkler units, and at least one container (30) of extinguishing agent additive (32). The pipes preferably have electronic, hydraulic and/or mechanical control and regulator units.

Description

Technical area

• die den Löschmittelzusatz mittels Überdruck in mindestens zwei Löschmittelleitungen einmischt und
• die mit mindestens zwei Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten in Verbindung steht.

The present invention relates to an admixing system for admixing at least one extinguishing agent additive to at least one extinguishing agent, comprising at least one extinguishing agent additive pump, in particular as a constituent or in the form of at least one dosing unit or at least one admixer.

• which mixes the extinguishing agent additive by means of overpressure in at least two extinguishing agent lines and
• which communicates with at least two sprinkler or sprinkler units.

• mindestens ein Zumischsystem gemäß der vorstehend dargelegten Art,
• mindestens einen Löschmittelbehälter zum Speichern des Löschmittels,
• mindestens eine Löschmittelpumpe, die mit jeder der Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten über jeweils mindestens eine Löschmittelleitung verbunden ist, und
• mindestens einen Löschmittelzusatz-Behälter zum Speichern des Löschmittelzusatzes.

The present invention further relates to an extinguishing or sprinkling system comprising

• at least one admixing system according to the kind set forth above,
• at least one extinguishing agent container for storing the extinguishing agent,
• at least one extinguishing agent pump connected to each of the sprinkler or sprinkler units via at least one extinguishing agent line, and
• at least one extinguishing agent additive container for storing the extinguishing agent additive.

The present invention further relates to a method for operating an admixing system according to the type set out above and / or an extinguishing or sprinkling system according to the kind set forth above.

State of the art

It is known to use extinguishing agents based on water in stationary extinguishing systems. Here, a fixed extinguishing system is understood to mean a system which is always ready for operation and in which extinguishing agents are discharged from a stationarily laid piping system via suitable feeding devices. Stationary extinguishing systems can be triggered automatically or by hand (see also DIN 14011-5: 1980-05: "Terms from the fire department - fire protection equipment").

• die Sprinkleranlagen (DIN 14489:1985-05),
• die Sprühwasser-Löschanlagen (DIN 14494:1979-03) und
• die Schaum-Löschanlagen (DIN-Normenreihe 14493).

Wird Wasser ohne besondere Zusätze als Löschmittel verwendet, wird auch von Wasserlöschanlagen gesprochen.The fixed extinguishing systems which work with aqueous extinguishing agents include in particular

• the sprinkler systems (DIN 14489: 1985-05),
• the spray water extinguishing systems (DIN 14494: 1979-03) and
• the foam extinguishing systems (DIN standard series 14493).

If water is used as extinguishing agent without special additives, it is also referred to as water extinguishing systems.

Stationary extinguishing systems are basically designed so that from a central location, for example, from the sprinkler central, a pipeline network is performed, in which the liquid medium reaches the source of fire, where the liquid medium unfolds its extinguishing effect. As a rule, water is used as extinguishing agent.

For special fires or fire hazards can now or must be added to the water an additive that improves the extinguishing properties; For example, in the case of foam extinguishing systems, the addition of foaming agent as an additive is the feature that characterizes the system.

Extinguishing systems can basically be divided into two groups: wet extinguishing systems and dry extinguishing systems. In the wet Extinguishing systems, the extinguishing agent is already before triggering the fire extinguishing system in the pipes; The medium is thus immediately on activation of the extinguishing system at the point of fire. In the dry extinguishing system, however, the pipeline network is filled only with triggering or operating the fire extinguishing system.

Usually, in wet or dry extinguishing systems, the additive is added at a central point to the extinguishing agent (hereinafter "Case A") or mixed in wet extinguishing systems the extinguishing agent "from scratch" (hereinafter "Case B" called, see also VdS CEA 4001: 2003-01 "Sprinkler Systems - Planning and Installation", Annex M). In the latter case, therefore, an extinguishing water-additive mixture, (so-called premix) is directly at the trigger point, which is why we speak of a premix plant.

The respective problems of the two methods described are based on the following:

Case A - Central admixture:

The additive is already added in the extinguishing center. Especially in wet extinguishing systems, the pre-mixed extinguishing agent-additive mixture requires a considerable way and thus a considerable amount of time until it reaches the point of fire. Until this time, which may be required for a successful fire fighting, provided for the extinguishing system increased extinguishing effect compared to the previously exiting extinguishing agent is not achieved.

Case B - Premix Plant:

In the case of the premix plant, the extinguishing agent-additive mixture is already available directly at the place of fire. It is thus achieved the intended extinguishing effect from the beginning of the fire fighting. The disadvantage of this method, however, is that the additive - always a mixture with different surfactants - is highly corrosive to the materials of the pipe network. Thus, the pipeline network often has to be rehabilitated at high cost. Certain materials which are cheaper to use can also not be used at all, so that higher installation costs can arise and retrofitting of existing systems is sometimes not possible at all or makes sense.

In addition, fire-extinguishing agents approved in Germany are always biocompatible in accordance with the Land Ordinances on fire-extinguishing devices and fire extinguishing agents. In premix solutions, therefore, the additive is gradually biodegraded, so that the extinguishing effect decreases over time. In addition, some extinguishing agent additives, such as so-called Class-A-Foam (= special foaming agent for firefighting solid fuels) are not suitable to be used as a premix.

Another aspect relates to environmental protection. If the effectiveness of the extinguishing agent additive falls below a certain value, the entire pipeline network must be filled with a new premix. In this case, the old premix must be disposed of in an environmentally sound manner, with the additives generally representing water-polluting substances and the disposal effort being correspondingly high.

Usually, therefore, in the stationary or semi-stationary extinguishing technology for aqueous extinguishing agents, the addition of additives, such as foaming agent, either directly in the extinguishing center or by providing a premixed solution, a so-called premix, carried out in the extinguishing system. These two variants have the disadvantage that either the extinguishing agent mixture is available very late at the point of fire or problems with the pipes or with the premix, for example due to disintegration or usage restrictions.

Recent reflections and plans by manufacturers of plant components have already speculated on the possibility of a decentralized admixture of extinguishing agent additives (see brochure of MSR Dosiertechnik GmbH, Wölfersheim, 2002: "FireDos® admixing system for firefighting liquids", page 19).

However, the principle described there is not suitable for a building with multiple sprinkler groups. In individual buildings or parts of buildings, however, there are usually several sprinkler groups, for example two groups for ceiling sprinklers and one group for shelf sprinklers. It is of course possible that only one or more sprinkler groups trigger simultaneously.

The system presented in this brochure is only suitable for supplying a single sprinkler group or the entire sprinkler system, for example by means of a central admixture in the sprinkler control center, with extinguishing agent additives. It thus represents a combination of the presented case "A" with the presented case "B"; this combination is not suitable for supplying a building with several sprinkler groups in a timely manner with extinguishing agent additives. Also, the described principle corresponds to a combination of a stationary and a partially movable (→ → manual intervention required) extinguishing system.

In the discussed technical field of further note is the document US 1 467 377 in which a method for admixing (metering) of liquid extinguishing agent additives is disclosed, wherein an admixture of the extinguishing agent additives takes place directly at the sprinkler or at the outlet nozzle for fire fighting means. In such a structure The system requires almost as many extinguishing agent additive containers and extinguishing agent additive pumps (admixer) as sprinkler heads.

In the publication US 1 299 272 a semi-portable fire extinguisher is described in which two liquid extinguishing agents are miscible at the outlet nozzle of a fire hose. This procedure is designed for the manual operation of a fire hose or a fire-fighting water line and can not be transferred to an extinguishing system with a large number of sprinkler or sprinkler units.

Furthermore, from the document EP 1 029 560 A2 a mobile pumping unit for firefighting known that either individually or simultaneously can provide both wet or dry foam and water as an extinguishing agent is available. This pump unit is also designed for only one fire water line.

In the publication DE 100 13 974 A1 it is proposed a pressure switch suitable for both centralized and decentralized foam supply which is primarily intended for use in mobile firefighting; In principle, this known Druckzumischer could be used in fixed extinguishing systems.

At the installation according to the document DE 100 13 974 A1 the foam line or extinguishing additive addition line opens into the nozzle housing of the sprinkler or sprinkler unit, which appears problematic in view of the corrosive effect of the extinguishing agent addition (however, the disadvantage of corrosivity in the event of fire sprinkler release is not very relevant).

Another disadvantage of the document DE 100 13 974 A1 Druckzumischers described is that a complex piping system with main and secondary flow lines of the extinguishing agent is required in order to regulate the admixture of the extinguishing agent additive consistent.

Finally, in this known system in which a check valve can be arranged in front of the admixing unit, a Venturi nozzle is used in the extinguishing agent guide. Venturi or similar known admixing systems are disadvantageously strongly dependent both on initial and flow pressures as well as back pressures in the suction and pressure side water and additive lines.

The well-known Venturi principle is available in various technical variants, for example as Saugzumischer, as Gleichdruckzumischer or as Blanzentankzumischer (pressure on the suction side of the additive, including used in sprinkler systems). However, these systems all work on the injector principle.

The length of the suction section of the Venturi Zumischers is limited, the suction quantity is pressure-dependent. To stabilize the system for sprinkler systems, therefore, the additive is pressurized (bladder tank) set to facilitate the suction and consolidate the Zumischrate.

Finally, from the publication DE 37 26 672 A1 an extinguishing system of the type mentioned above known. In this equipped with an automatic, electronically controlled Zumischer device for fire fighting vehicles, a foam agent is added to the extinguishing water behind the fire water pump, after which the extinguishing water-foaming agent mixture is supplied via branch lines to several consumers.

The variant according to the document DE 37 26 672 A1 is not suitable for a fire extinguishing system with a large number of sprinkler or sprinkler units, because the extinguishing agent mixture only passes in this case with time delay to sprinkler or sprinkler units not near the fire pump.

From the EP 0 638 333 A is a Zumischsystem according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: Problem, Solution, Advantages

Based on the disadvantages and inadequacies set out above, and in appreciation of the state of the art outlined, the present invention is intended to ensure that immediately after commissioning of the admixing system, a mixture of extinguishing agent and extinguishing agent additive is available to all sprinkler or sprinkler units without great effort.

This object is achieved both by a Zumischsystem with the features specified in claim 1 as well as by an extinguishing or sprinkler system with the features specified in claim 6 as well as by a method having the features specified in claim 9. Advantageous embodiments and expedient developments of the present invention are characterized in the respective subclaims.

It is envisaged that the extinguishing agent additive, which can also be referred to as extinguishing agent additive, is added to the extinguishing agent only at the moment of commissioning of the admixing system or the extinguishing or sprinkling system having the admixing system according to the invention, wherein the extinguishing agent additive or extinguishing agent additive pump with each of the Sprinkler units or irrigation is connected via at least one extinguishing agent additive line.

Advantageously, for the extinguishing agent additive or the additive suitable and durable lines used, so that the disadvantages of corrosivity and the disintegration of the extinguishing agent additive omitted in the pipelines.

It is further provided that the respective extinguishing agent line with the respective extinguishing agent additive line or additive line in the area before, in particular shortly before, the respective sprinkler or sprinkler combined and / or united. In this way, the extinguishing agent additive or the additive, that is, the additive is added as close as possible to the fire site the pipe network of the extinguishing agent, that is fed to the sprinkler group. Consequently, the additive or additive is fed under pressure as close as possible to the individual sprinkler groups and thus into the extinguishing water line.

This offers the advantage that environmentally harmful premix solutions are avoided and in principle all liquid extinguishing agent additives can be used, including Class A foam, which can not even be used in the prior art as a premix solution.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the extinguishing agent additive line is already filled with the additive, this additive is added to the extinguishing agent only when the admixing system and / or the extinguishing or sprinkler system.

By such, in accordance with the invention essentially decentralized admixture or metering turns on commissioning of the admixing system or the extinguishing or sprinkler system, the full extinguishing effect promptly. In addition, the invention is characterized by its simple structure, its suitability for use in firefighting and their good retrofitting in existing extinguishing or sprinkler systems.

In a preferred embodiment of the admixing system, the extinguishing agent additive or admixing pump is based on a hydraulic drive. This drive is traversed by the volume of extinguishing agent. The mechanics in The interior of the drive uses resulting pressure differences and converts these pressure differences into lifting or rotating movements.

Furthermore, in an expedient embodiment of the admixing system, the extinguishing agent additive pump is connected to the drive via at least one mechanical coupling for torque transmission and promotes the additive from the extinguishing agent additive or reservoir into the additive lines and from there indirectly into the extinguishing water volume flow of the sprinkler or Sprinklereinheiten, for example the sprinkler groups.

The additive or extinguishing agent additive pump is advantageously designed as at least one piston pump, because such a pump can overcome the pressure losses of the suction and admixing lines and produce the pressure increase necessary for admixing.

In addition to the described main components drive, additive pump, coupling and piping system, an advantageous embodiment of the admixing system according to the invention still the components supporting structure and ventilation.

In the case of at least three sprinkler or sprinkler units, according to the invention, at least one of the extinguishing agent additive lines is connected to at least two of the sprinkler or sprinkler units with the extinguishing agent additive pump. As a result, the expense associated with installation and operation of the extinguishing agent additive lines can be minimized.

Furthermore, in the case of at least three sprinkler units or sprinkler units, adjacent sprinkler or sprinkler units are assigned to different extinguishing agent additive lines. This will, inter alia, a particularly stable and Ensures reliable flow regulation.

For the same reason, irrespective of or in connection therewith, each sprinkler or sprinkler unit is preferably not allocatable to more than one extinguishant additive line.

A further advantageous embodiment of the present invention is that by means of at least one ring line, for example in the form of at least one extinguishing agent additive return line connecting the extinguishing agent additive container and the extinguishing agent additive lines, recycling of the extinguishing agent additive to the extinguishing agent additive container is ensured to prevent flocculation or decomposition of the extinguishing agent additive.

Since the extinguishing agent additive pump in erfindungswesentlicher way constantly extracts the extinguishing agent additive from the extinguishing agent additive container over longer distances, unlike other known extinguishing systems, such as extinguishing systems with Venturi bladder tank admixer, in the present invention preferably a depressurized held Extinguishing agent additive containers are used.

In addition, when using such an extinguishing agent additive pump, the present invention functions depending on the flow rate in the water line, but independent of the pressure in the Wasserieitung. This offers the advantage that the extinguishing agent additive can be mixed with the extinguishing agent regardless of the pressure in the extinguishing agent line; In contrast, Venturi or similar known admixing systems are highly dependent on both output and flow pressures as well as back pressures in the suction and pressure side water and additive lines.

By way of example, the construction of an advantageous embodiment will be described below the extinguishing or sprinkler system according to the present invention shown in detail.

In order to avoid damage to the pumps in a reliable manner and to achieve a uniform metering of the admixture while maintaining the required Mindestzumischrate, the extinguishing agent additive lines may have at least one control and / or regulating unit. This control and / or regulating unit can be designed as at least one electronic, hydraulic and / or mechanical device which is adapted to the extinguishing or sprinkler system.

For example, this control and / or regulating unit can be designed as at least one pressure limiter which, when a limit or delivery pressure is exceeded, returns the extinguishing agent additive via the extinguishing agent additive return to the extinguishing agent additive container.

In a simple variant, the control / regulating unit can be, for example, a spring-loaded pressure relief valve, which is set manually in accordance with the requirements of the sprinkler system. If necessary, excess additive may be recycled to the additive tank.

It may also be advantageous, depending on the type of system, to install further component components. So is the installation of at least one Rückschiagventii at least one Zumischstelle, that is in the area before, in particular shortly before, the confluence of the respective extinguishing agent addition line in the respective extinguishing agent line useful to prevent accidental ingress of additive in the fire water line , Optionally, a two-stage or multi-stage non-return system with purging can be provided. In any case, the execution should be determined system-specific and user-specific.

The present invention further relates to a method according to claim 9.

This method is thus based on a decentralized admixture of the extinguishing agent additive in the extinguishing agent near the fire site, the additive is conducted in their own pipelines.

The method according to the present invention reduces the time until the mixture is made available at the point of fire and also the problems with the pipeline network and the premix. In addition, the process is suitable for all liquid extinguishing agent additives and for new extinguishing or sprinkling systems as well as for retrofitting existing extinguishing or sprinkler systems.

The described method is primarily intended for extinguishing at least one fire and / or at least one fire, in particular at least one fire damage, and / or for surface cooling by means of a stationary or partially movable extinguishing system or sprinkler system, in particular according to DIN 14011-5: 1980-05 Under a fire, a so-called "damage fire" is understood, which causes an unintentional damage and / or leaves its designated place, whereas a so-called "bonfire" to none Damages and / or does not leave its intended place).

Accordingly, the invention finally relates to the use of at least one admixing system according to the kind set out above and / or at least one extinguisher or sprinkler system according to the kind set out above and / or a method according to the kind set out above in at least one or at least one stationary or partially movable one Extinguishing system or sprinkler system, in particular according to DIN 14011-5: 1980-05.

Brief description of the drawings

As already discussed above, there are various possibilities for embodying and developing the teaching of the present invention in an advantageous manner. Reference is made on the one hand to the claims subordinate to claims 1 and 6, on the other hand, further embodiments, features and advantages of the present invention hereinafter with reference to the by FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

in schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage, die ein erfindungsgemäßes Zumischsystem aufweist und die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren arbeitet;

Fig. 2

als technische Zeichnung eine ausführlichere Darstellung der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

in schematischer Darstellung eine beispielhafte Zuordnung der Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen zu den Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage aus den Fig. 1 und 2; und

Fig. 4

in diagrammatischer Darstellung die Verteilung der Zumischraten des Löschmittelzusatzes in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der geöffneten Sprinkler der Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage aus den Fig. 1 und 2.

It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of an embodiment of an extinguishing or irrigation system according to the invention, which has a Zumischsystem according to the invention and which operates according to the inventive method;

Fig. 2

as a technical drawing a more detailed representation of the extinguishing or sprinkler system Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of an exemplary assignment of the extinguishing agent additive lines to the sprinkler or Sprinklereinheiten the extinguishing or sprinkler from the Fig. 1 and 2 ; and

Fig. 4

in diagrammatic representation, the distribution of Zumischraten the extinguishing agent additive depending on the number of open sprinklers sprinkler sprinkler units or the extinguishing or sprinkler from the Fig. 1 and 2 ,

The same or similar embodiments, elements or features are in the FIGS. 1 to 4 provided with identical reference numerals.

Best way to carry out the invention

For simplified illustration, the principle of the inventive features in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown on a stationary or stationary sprinkler system 200.

• Bei einer teilbeweglichen Löschanlage handelt es sich um eine nicht in allen Teilen ortsfest installierten Anlage. Eine teilbewegliche Löschanlage wird durch die Zuführung von Löschmittel 22 und gegebenenfalls durch Zuschaltung geeigneter Geräte betriebsbereit. Im Allgemeinen fallen unter diesen Anwendungsbereich die sogenannten halbstationären Feuerlöschanlagen.
• Eine Berieselungsanlage ist eine Anlage, die Löschmittel 22 zur Oberflächenkühlung abgibt.

However, the principle of the inventive features is also applicable to other extinguishing systems, for example to partially mobile fire extinguishing systems or to sprinklers:

• A partially mobile extinguishing system is a system that is not fixed in all parts. A partially movable extinguishing system is ready for operation by the supply of extinguishing agent 22 and possibly by switching on suitable equipment. In general fall under this scope, the so-called semi-stationary fire extinguishing systems.
• A sprinkler system is a system that releases extinguishing agent 22 for surface cooling.

• einen zentralen Löschmittelzusatz-Behälter 30, nämlich einen Zusatzmitteltank, wobei aufgrund der technischen Möglichkeiten jeder Vorratsbehälter als Zusatzmitteltank 30 verwendet werden kann, sowie
• für den Löschmittelzusatz 32 einen Zumischer 34,
• der mit drei Löschmittelzusatz-Rohrleitungen 36p1, 36p2, 36p3 verbunden ist,
• dem drei Steuer-/Regeleinheiten 40p1, 40p2, 40p3 zugeordnet sind und
• der über einen Zusatzmittelrücklauf 38 mit dem Zusatzmitteltank 30 verbunden ist.

In the FIGS. 1 and 2 an embodiment of a six-group sprinkler system 200 is shown. This sprinkler system 200 has at a suitable location - in the FIGS. 1 and 2 in a quenching center 60 - following components that serve the dosage and admixture of extinguishing agent additive 32:

• a central extinguishing agent additive container 30, namely an additive tank, wherein due to the technical possibilities of each reservoir can be used as additive tank 30, and
• for the extinguishing agent additive 32 an admixer 34,
• which is connected to three extinguishing agent additive pipelines 36p1, 36p2, 36p3,
• the three control units 40p1, 40p2, 40p3 are assigned and
• which is connected via an additive return 38 with the additive tank 30.

• ein zentraler Löschmitteltank oder eine Löschwasserversorgung 20 sowie
• eine Löschmittel-Pumpe 24 in Form einer Sprinklerpumpe, die mit einer zentralen Löschmittelleitung 26z verbunden ist.

Furthermore, the following components are arranged in the control center 60 for the supply of the sprinkler system 200 with extinguishing agent 22:

• a central extinguishing agent tank or a fire water supply 20 and
• an extinguishant pump 24 in the form of a sprinkler pump connected to a central extinguisher conduit 26z.

The central extinguisher conduit 26z is connected via six extinguishant conduits 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f to six sprinkler units 10, namely six sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f. The sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f are associated with an object 70, for example a building.

In the object 70, the extinguishing agent additive lines or additive lines 36p1, 36p2, 36p3 branches so that in each case one additive line 36p1 or 36p2 or 36p3 two non-adjacent, in particular (by distance from each other) spatially separated and / or in particular (by at least one partition wall 80, 82) structurally separate sprinkler groups 10a, 10d and 10b, 10e and 10c, 10f via a respective extinguishing agent additive line 36a, 36d and 36b , 36e and 36c, 36f supplied with extinguishing agent additive 32.

With the exception of the first sprinkler group 10a, which is structurally separated from the second sprinkler group 10b by a first partition wall 80 and from the third sprinkler group 10c by a second partition wall 82, in the exemplary case the FIG. 3 a spatial separation of the sprinkler groups 10a, 10d and 10b, 10e and 10c, 10f by distance from each other. However, it is also possible in a manner essential to the invention to provide the physical separation (accomplished by a distance from one another) and the structural separation (accomplished by at least one partition wall) as an alternative to one another.

• die Löschmittelzusatz-Leitung 36p1 mit den den beiden Sprinklergruppen 10a, 10d zugeordneten Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen 36a, 36d eine Zusatzmittelgruppe 36adp1,
• die Löschmittelzusatz-Leitung 36p2 mit den den beiden Sprinklergruppen 10b, 10e zugeordneten Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen 36b, 36e eine Zusatzmittelgruppe 36bep2 und
• die Löschmittelzusatz-Leitung 36p3 mit den den beiden Sprinklergruppen 10c, 10f zugeordneten Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen 36c, 36f eine Zusatzmittelgruppe 36cfp3.

Accordingly forms

• the extinguishing agent additive line 36p1 with the extinguishing agent additive lines 36a, 36d assigned to the two sprinkler groups 10a, 10d an additive group 36adp1,
• the extinguishing agent additive line 36p2 with the two sprinkler groups 10b, 10e associated extinguishing agent additive lines 36b, 36e an additive group 36bep2 and
• the extinguishing agent additive line 36p3 with the extinguishing agent additive lines 36c, 36f assigned to the two sprinkler groups 10c, 10f is an additive group 36cfp3.

The admixer or the dosing unit 34 receives the additive 32 from the stationary or mobile storage container 30 and feeds this additive 32 into the extinguishing agent additive network laid parallel to the extinguishing water network 26 (= extinguishing agent lines 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26z) 36 (= extinguishing agent additive lines 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f, 36p1, 36p2, 36p3).

The additive groups 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 are guided so that the sprinkler groups 10, the additive 32 is mixed added; offset meaning that when triggering the extinguishing system 200 each sprinkler group 10 is assigned to reach the respective effective surface of the extinguishing system 200 exactly one additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3. This is necessary to achieve the required minimum mixing rate.

If, in the event of fire, several sprinkler groups 10 were supplied via the same additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3, the additive would seek the hydraulically more favorable route, so that no or only limited admixture would take place in one of the two or more affected sprinkler groups 10; affected by the missing or limited admixture would be the sprinkler group, in which the lower or lowest number of sprinkler heads would have opened.

The additive agent lines 36 or the classification of the additive agent groups 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 is therefore defined in relation to the object 70. One too FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 appropriate example of an object 70 can FIG. 3 be removed. Here, the four sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d are designed as ceiling sprinklers and the two sprinkler groups 10e, 10f as shelf sprinklers.

According to the invention, the additive 32 is thus added to the extinguishing agent 22 in a decentralized manner (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2 ). For this purpose, the admixing 12a or 12b or 12c or 12d or 12e or 12f, that is, the junctions of the additive conduits 36a or 36b or 36c or 36d or 36e or 36f in the respective extinguishing agent line 26a or 26b and 26c and 26d and 26e and 26f as close as possible to the individual sprinkler groups 10a or 10b or 10c or 10d or 10e or 10f and thus led to the source of fire.

Such a construction of the sprinkler system 200 makes it possible in a manner essential to the invention to centrally control the addition of the extinguishing agent additive 32 and at the same time to admix the extinguishing agent additive 32 to the extinguishing agent 22 in a decentralized manner.

The admixer 34 (metering pump or metering unit) for the additive 32 of the extinguishing system 200 is designed so that the admixer 34 allows a required admixture in the extinguishing agent lines 26. Suitable pumps 34p1, 34p2, 34p3 (see. FIG. 2 ), by means of which the additive 32 can be introduced under pressure into the extinguishing medium line 26. For example, piston pumps are suitable; Pumps according to the Venturi principle or other "passive" admixing systems are less well suited.

FIG. 2 it can be seen that the metering unit or the admixer 34 is based on a hydraulic drive 34a. The drive 34a is flowed through by the extinguishing water volume of the central extinguishing medium line 26z. The mechanism inside the drive 34a uses resulting pressure differences and converts these pressure differences into a lifting and / or rotational movement.

Furthermore is FIG. 2 can be removed that the admixer 34 by means of three, connected to the drive 34a via a mechanical coupling 34k for torque transmission extinguishing agent additive pumps 34p1 and 34p2 and 34p3 from the reservoir 30 in the additive lines 36p1 and 36p2 and 36p3 and from there indirectly in the extinguishing water volume flow of the sprinkler groups 10a, 10d and 10b, 10e and 10c, 10f promotes.

In this connection, the extinguishing agent additive pumps 34p1, 34p2, 34p3 of the admixer 34 overcome the pressure losses of the suction and admixing lines 36p1, 36p2, 36p3 and produce the pressure increase necessary for admixing.

In addition, the admixer 34 is able to feed each additive strand or each additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 separately. To fulfill these functions, for example, a multi-stage piston pump may be used as the admixer 34 or as the extinguishing agent additive pump 34p1, 34p2, 34p3.

In general, the described functionality of a sprinkler system 200 is sufficient in order to meet the protective goals of fire and fire protection and / or surface cooling in the sense of suitable fire fighting. However, if for certain reasons the reliability of the extinguisher or sprinkler 200 an exact Zumischrate be achieved, further measures can be taken.

1. (i) Die einzelnen Zusatzmittelgruppen 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 erhalten keine festen Zumischraten, sondern flexible Zumischraten, die über die Durchfiussmenge (und damit mittelbar über die geöffneten Sprinkler) in der jeweiligen Zusatzmittelgruppe 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 geregelt werden. Diese Funktion wird in Figur 1 von den mess- und regeltechnischen Steuerelementen 40p1, 40p2, 40p3 übernommen.
   Figur 2 kann entnommen werden, dass diese Regel-/Steuerelemente 40p1 bzw. 40p2 bzw. 40p3 verstellbare Druckbegrenzungsventile mit Dynamik sein können, die den Einlassdruck der jeweiligen Zusatzmittelleitungen 36p1 bzw. 36p2 bzw. 36p3 durch eine Vorsteuerung begrenzen. In Abhängigkeit von der Gestaltung der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage 200 können diese Regel-/Steuerelemente 40 an mindestens einer geeigneten Stelle im Leitungsnetz positioniert werden und müssen nicht, wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt, in der Nähe des Zumischers 34 angeordnet sein.
2. (ii)Jede Zusatzmittelgruppe erhält einen eigenen Zumischer 34 mit fest eingestellter Zumischrate. Verglichen mit Figur 1 bedeutet dies, dass eine geänderte Führung des Löschwassers 22 in der Löschzentrale 60 zu wählen ist, so dass jeweils eine Zumischergruppe 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 bzw. zwei Sprinklergruppen 10 einem Zumischer 34 zugeordnet werden (hier: Sprinklergruppe 10a, 10d bzw. 10b, 10e bzw. 10c, 10f). Insgesamt kommen so drei Dosiereinheiten zum Einsatz. Im Gegenzug kann in diesem Fall auf die Überdruckventile 40p1 bzw. 40p2 bzw. 40p3 verzichtet werden.

An exact admixture can be reached, for example, via the following two ways:

1. (i) The individual additive groups 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 receive no fixed addition rates, but flexible admixing rates, which are regulated via the flow rate (and thus indirectly via the opened sprinklers) in the respective additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3. This feature will work in FIG. 1 taken from the measurement and control technical controls 40p1, 40p2, 40p3.
   FIG. 2 can be seen that these control / control elements 40p1 or 40p2 or 40p3 can be adjustable pressure relief valves with dynamics that the inlet pressure of the respective additive lines Limit 36p1 or 36p2 or 36p3 by a pilot control. Depending on the design of the extinguishing or irrigation system 200, these control / control elements 40 can be positioned at least one suitable location in the pipe network and do not need, as in the FIGS. 1 and 2 shown, be arranged in the vicinity of the admixer 34.
2. (ii) Each additive group receives its own admixer 34 with a fixed proportioning rate. Compared to FIG. 1 This means that a modified guidance of the extinguishing water 22 in the extinguishing center 60 is to be selected, so that in each case an admixing group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 or two sprinkler groups 10 are assigned to an admixer 34 (here: sprinkler group 10a, 10d or 10b, 10e) or 10c, 10f). All in all, three dosing units are used. In return, the pressure relief valves 40p1 or 40p2 or 40p3 can be dispensed with in this case.

Depending on the type of system, it may also be necessary to install further component components. For example, it is recommended to install check valves 14a or 14b or 14c or 14d or 14e or 14f with spring dynamics in the additive lines 26a or 26b or 26c or 26d or 26e or 26f, in particular at the mixing points 12a or 12b or 12c or 12d or 12e or 12f (cf. FIG. 2 ).

In FIG. 2 Furthermore, the non-return valves 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14f, 14f, which are provided with spring dynamics, are arranged opposite check valves 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, and 16f without (spring) dynamics.

• ein Absperrventil 42 im Bereich des Abgangs des Löschwassertanks 20 sowie
• ein Absperrventil 44 im Bereich des Abgangs des Zusatzmitteltanks 30 eingebaut (vgl. Figur 2).

As a further feed option into the stationary sprinkler system 200 is also

• a shut-off valve 42 in the region of the outlet of the extinguishing water tank 20 as well
• a shut-off valve 44 installed in the region of the outlet of the additive tank 30 (see. FIG. 2 ).

In the case of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention as a semi-stationary extinguishing system, the shut-off valves 42, 44 are advantageously functional for the connection of extinguishing agent (additional) containers.

With regard to the system described above, it should finally be borne in mind that in the decentralized admixture with only one admixer 34 according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 set different mixing rates in the individual sprinkler groups 10, if in case of fire more than one sprinkler group 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f opens.

If each piston of the admixing pump 34 has a fixed admixing rate of one per cent, then when opening two sprinkler groups 10 (or additive groups), a total admixing rate of two percent occurs, with three sprinkler groups 10 of three percent, etc. However, the proportioning rate is not distributed evenly among the sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, but proportionally to the sprinkler heads opened in each sprinkler group 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f.

An exemplary representation of the adjusting Zumischraten for a sprinkler system 200 in response multiple sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f with a total of forty sprinkler heads (fictitious maximum effective area of the sprinkler system) can FIG. 4 be removed.

In FIG. 4 the number of open sprinklers minus the opened sprinklers of one, namely the subgroup to be considered, is shown on the right axis; the vertical axis gives the admixing rate of the considered Subgroup in percent. N represents the number of sprinklers, and H represents the main group. The main group is the sprinkler group, where most of the sprinkler heads are open. In the course of a fire, main and subordinate groups can vary or change due to time-delayed opening of sprinkler heads in different sprinkler groups.

As in FIG. 4 can be seen, in any case, an overdose in the individual sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f use, so that the minimum admixing rate (here: one percent) is not exceeded.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

admixing

10

Sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular sprinkler group, the extinguishing system 200, namely

10a

first sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular first sprinkler group, for example first ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10b

second sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular second sprinkler group, for example, second ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200th

10c

third sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular third sprinkler group, for example third ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10d

fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular fourth sprinkler group, for example fourth ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10e

fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular fifth sprinkler group, for example the first shelf sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10f

sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular the sixth sprinkler group, for example second shelf sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

12a

the first sprinkler or sprinkler 10a associated Zumischsteile

12b

the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b associated Zumischstelle

12c

the third sprinkler or sprinkler 10c associated Zumischstelle

12d

the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler 10d associated Zumischstelle

12e

associated with the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e admixing

12f

the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler 10f associated Zumischstelle

14a

the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a associated, in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36a arranged check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14b

the second sprinkler or sprinkler 10b associated, in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36b arranged check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14c

the third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c associated, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36c check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14d

the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler 10d associated, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36d check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14e

the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler 10e associated, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36e check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14f

the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f associated, in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36f arranged check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

16a

the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a associated check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16b

the second sprinkler or sprinkler 10b associated check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16c

the third sprinkler or sprinkler 10c associated check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16d

the fourth irrigation or sprinkler unit 10d associated check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16e

the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler 10e associated check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16f

associated with the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

20

Extinguishing agent container, in particular extinguishing agent tank or extinguishing water supply

22

Extinguishing media, especially extinguishing water

24

Extinguishing pump, in particular hydraulic pump and / or sprinkler pump

26

Extinguishing system or extinguishing agent network, namely

26a

the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a associated extinguishing medium line

26b

the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b associated extinguishing medium line

26c

the third irrigation or sprinkler unit 10c associated extinguishing medium line

26d

the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10d associated extinguishing medium line

26e

the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e associated extinguishing medium line

26f

the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f associated extinguishing medium line

26z

Central extinguishing agent line

30

Extinguishing agent additive container, in particular additive tank

32

Extinguishing agent additive

34

Dosing unit or admixer

34a

Drive, in particular hydraulic motor with constant displacement volume, the metering unit or the admixer 34th

34k

Coupling, in particular mechanical coupling, between drive 34a and extinguishing agent additive pumps 34p1, 34p2, 34p3

34p1

first extinguishing agent additive pump of the dosing unit or the admixer 34th

34p2

second extinguishing agent additive pump of the dosing unit or the admixer 34th

34p3

third extinguishing agent additive pump of the dosing unit or the admixer 34

36

Extinguishing Foaming Line or Extinguishing Agent Accessory, namely

36a

the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a associated extinguishing agent additive line

36b

the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b associated extinguishing agent additive line

36c

the third irrigation or sprinkler unit 10c associated extinguishing agent additive line

36d

the fourth irrigation or sprinkler unit 10d associated extinguishing agent additive line

36e

the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e associated extinguishing agent additive line

36f

the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f associated extinguishing agent additive line

36p1

the first extinguishing agent additive pump 34p1 associated extinguishing agent additive line

36p2

the second extinguishing agent additive pump 34p2 associated extinguishing agent additive line

36p3

the third extinguishing agent additive pump 34p3 associated extinguishing agent additive line

36adp1

the first extinguishing agent additive pump 34p1 associated additive group

36bep2

the second extinguishing agent additive pump 34p2 associated additive group

36cfp3

additive group assigned to the third purge additive pump 34p3

38

Extinguishing agent addition return, in particular additive return

40p1

the first extinguishing agent additive pump 34p1 associated, in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36p1 arranged control and / or regulating unit

40p2

the second extinguishing agent additive pump 34p2 associated, in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36p2 arranged control and / or regulating unit

40p3

the third extinguishing agent additive pump 34p3 associated, in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36p3 arranged control and / or regulating unit

42

Shut-off valve or shut-off valve of the extinguishing agent container 20

44

Shut-off valve or shut-off valve of the extinguishing agent additive tank 30

48

Drive, in particular electric motor or combustion engine, the extinguishing agent pump 24th

60

extinguishing system

70

object

80

first partition wall, in particular between first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a and second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b

82

second partition wall, in particular between first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a and third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c

200

Extinguishing or sprinkler system, in particular sprinkler system or fire extinguishing system

H

main group

N

Number of open sprinklers of the considered subgroup

R

flow direction

Claims (10)

1. An admixing system (100) for admixing at least one extinguishing agent additive (32) to at least one extinguishing agent (22), comprising at least one extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) which is designed in particular as a component or in the form of at least one dosing unit or of at least one admixer (34), and which is connected with at least three spraying or sprinkler units (10),

   - which mixes the extinguishing agent additive (32) by means of overpressure in at least two extinguishing agent lines (26), and

   - which is connected with at least two of the spraying or sprinkler units (10) respectively via at least one extinguishing agent additive line (36) respectively, wherein the respective extinguishing agent line (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f) is joined together and/or merged with the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f) in the area, in particular in relation to the direction of flow (R), shortly before the respective spraying or sprinkler unit (10),

   characterized in that
   spraying or sprinkler units (10) which are adjacent to each other are assigned to different extinguishing agent additive lines (36p1, 36p2, 36p3) respectively.
2. An admixing system according to claim 1, characterized in that when at least three spraying or sprinkler units (10) are present, each spraying or sprinkler unit (10) is assigned not more than one extinguishing agent additive line (36).
3. An admixing system according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the extinguishing agent additive line (36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f) comprises at least one return valve (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f) which is in particular multistage, e.g. dual stage, preferably with a rinsing device, which can be arranged in the area, in particular in relation to the direction of flow (R), shortly before the confluence of the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f) into the respective extinguishing agent line (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f).
4. An admixing system according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3)

   - feeds the extinguishing agent additive (32) into each of the extinguishing agent additive lines (36) separately, and/or

   - is designed in particular for an electronic, hydraulic and/or mechanical control and/or regulation of the quantity of the extinguishing agent additive (32) to be fed into the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36).
5. An admixing system according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

   - each extinguishing agent additive line (36) is assigned at least one extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) and/or

   - the, in particular each, extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) pumps a fixed adjustable quantity of extinguishing agent additive (32) into the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36).
6. An extinguishing or spraying installation (200), comprising

   - at least one admixing system (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5,

   - at least one extinguishing agent container (20) for storing the extinguishing agent (22),

   - at least one extinguishing agent pump (24) which is connected with each of the spraying or sprinkler units (10) via at least one extinguishing agent line (26) respectively, and

   - at least one extinguishing agent additive container (30) for storing the extinguishing agent additive (32).
7. An extinguishing or spraying installation according to claim 6, characterized in that

   - the extinguishing agent additive container (30) is connected with the extinguishing agent additive lines (36) via at least one extinguishing agent additive reflux (38), and

   - the extinguishing agent additive (32) can be fed back into the extinguishing agent additive container (30) via the extinguishing agent additive reflux (38).
8. An extinguishing or spraying installation according to claim 7, characterized in that the extinguishing agent additive lines (36) comprise at least one, in particular electronic, hydraulic and/or mechanical control and/or regulation unit (40p1, 40p2, 40p3), for example in the form of at least one pressure restrictor, which when a limit or supply pressure is exceeded transports the extinguishing agent additive (32) back into the extinguishing agent additive container (30) via the extinguishing agent additive reflux (38).
9. A method for the in particular dosed mixing in or addition of at least one extinguishing agent additive (32) to at least one extinguishing agent (22), wherein

   - the extinguishing agent additive (32) is fed or transported to spraying or sprinkler units (10) which are adjacent to each other by means of at least one extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3), in particular by means of at least one admixer (34), via different extinguishing agent additive lines (36p1, 36p2, 36p3) respectively,

   - the feeding or transportation of the extinguishing agent additive (32) is conducted in the area, in particular in relation to the direction of flow (R), shortly before the respective spraying or sprinkler unit (10), and

   - the extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) mixes the extinguishing agent additive (32) into the extinguishing agent (22) or adds it to the extinguishing agent (22) by means of overpressure.
10. The utilisation

    - of at least one admixing system (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5 in at least one fixed location or partially mobile fire extinguishing or spraying installation, in particular in accordance with the DIN 14011-5:1980-05 standard, and/or

    - of an extinguishing or spraying installation (200) according to at least one of claims 6 to 8 as a fixed location or partially mobile fire extinguishing or spraying installation, in particular in accordance with the DIN 14011-5:1980-05 standard, and/or

    - of a method according to claim 9

    -- for extinguishing at least one blaze and/or at least one fire, in particular of at least one damaging fire, and/or

    -- for the surface cooling of at least one fixed location or partially mobile fire extinguishing installation or spraying installation, in particular in accordance with the DIN 14011-5:1980-05 standard.

Images