EP1473061A1 - Method for admixture (dosing) of liquid additives in fire extinguishing installations with water-based fire extinguishing agents - Google Patents

Abstract

The pump (34p1) for the extinguishing agent additive is connected through at least one extinguishing agent additive pipe (36) to each of the sprinkler units (10) whilst the relevant extinguishing agent pipe is joined with the relevant additive pipe in the region just in front of the relevant sprinkler unit, seen in relation to the flow direction (R). Independent claim describes sprinkler unit with at least one mixing system, at least one extinguishing agent container (20) for the extinguishing agent , at least one extinguishing agent pump (24) connected to each of the sprinkler units, and at least one container (30) of extinguishing agent additive (32). The pipes preferably have electronic, hydraulic and/or mechanical control and regulator units.

Description

Technical field

• die den Löschmittelzusatz mittels Überdruck in mindestens zwei Löschmittelleitungen einmischt und
• die mit mindestens zwei Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten in Verbindung steht.

The present invention relates to an admixing system for admixing at least one extinguishing agent additive to at least one extinguishing agent, comprising at least one extinguishing agent additive pump designed in particular as a component or in the form of at least one metering unit or at least one admixer,

• who mixes the extinguishing agent additive by means of overpressure in at least two extinguishing agent lines
• which is connected to at least two sprinkler or sprinkler units.

• mindestens ein Zumischsystem gemäß der vorstehend dargelegten Art,
• mindestens einen Löschmittelbehälter zum Speichern des Löschmittels,
• mindestens eine Löschmittelpumpe, die mit jeder der Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten über jeweils mindestens eine Löschmittelleitung verbunden ist, und
• mindestens einen Löschmittelzusatz-Behälter zum Speichern des Löschmittelzusatzes.

The present invention further relates to an extinguishing or sprinkler system comprising

• at least one admixing system of the type set out above,
• at least one extinguishing agent container for storing the extinguishing agent,
• at least one extinguishing agent pump, which is connected to each of the sprinkler or sprinkler units via at least one extinguishing agent line, and
• at least one extinguishing agent additive container for storing the extinguishing agent additive.

The present invention further relates to a method for operating a proportioning system according to the type set out above and / or an extinguishing or sprinkling system according to the above Art.

State of the art

It is known to use water-based fire extinguishing agents in fixed extinguishing systems use. Here is a under a fixed extinguishing system Always understood operational system, in which from a fixed installed Pipe system via suitable feeding devices be delivered. Fixed extinguishing systems can automatically or triggered by hand (see also DIN 14011-5: 1980-05: "Terms from the fire service - fire protection devices ").

• die Sprinkleranlagen (DIN 14489:1985-05),
• die Sprühwasser-Löschanlagen (DIN 14494:1979-03) und
• die Schaum-Löschanlagen (DIN-Normenreihe 14493).

Wird Wasser ohne besondere Zusätze als Löschmittel verwendet, wird auch von Wasserlöschanlagen gesprochen.The stationary extinguishing systems that work with aqueous extinguishing agents include in particular

• the sprinkler systems (DIN 14489: 1985-05),
• the spray water extinguishing systems (DIN 14494: 1979-03) and
• the foam extinguishing systems (DIN standard series 14493).

If water is used as an extinguishing agent without special additives, water extinguishing systems are also used.

Fixed extinguishing systems are basically designed so that one central point, for example from the sprinkler control center, from a pipeline network is carried out in which the liquid medium up to the source of the fire reaches, where the liquid medium unfolds its extinguishing effect. In the Water is usually used as an extinguishing agent.

For special fire goods or fire hazards this can or must Water is now added to an additive that has the extinguishing properties improved; this is the addition for foam extinguishing systems, for example of foaming agent as an additive is the characteristic feature of the system.

In principle, extinguishing systems can be divided into two groups: in wet extinguishing systems and in dry extinguishing systems. In the wet The extinguishing agent is already in the extinguishing system before it is triggered the fire extinguishing system in the pipelines; the medium is thus immediately when the extinguishing system is activated at the fire site. In the dry The pipeline network, on the other hand, will not be extinguished until it is triggered or operating the fire extinguishing system.

The additive is usually used in wet or dry extinguishing systems added to the extinguishing agent at a central point (hereinafter Called "Case A") or the extinguishing agent in wet extinguishing systems "from mixed in at the front (hereinafter referred to as "Case B"; see also VdS CEA 4001: 2003-01 "Sprinkler systems - planning and installation", appendix M). In the latter case there is a mixture of extinguishing water and additives, (so-called premix) directly at the trigger point, which is why from in a premix system.

The respective problem of the two methods described lies in Justified the following:

Case A - central admixture:

The additive is already added in the extinguishing center. In particular in wet extinguishing systems the premixed mixture of extinguishing agent and additive is required a significant path and therefore a significant one Time until it reaches the fire site. Until that time, the may be necessary for successful fire fighting, the for the extinguishing system provided increased extinguishing effect compared to that previously Extinguishing agent not reached.

Case B - premix system:

In the case of the premix system, there is the extinguishing agent / additive mixture already available at the fire site. It will be the intended one Extinguishing effect achieved from the start of fire fighting. The However, the disadvantage of this method is that the additive - always a mixture with different surfactants - compared to the materials of the pipe network shows highly corrosive. So the pipeline network are often renovated at high cost. It can not even certain materials that are cheaper to use are used so that higher installation costs can arise and some retrofitting of existing systems at all is not possible or makes sense.

Extinguishing agents approved in Germany are also in accordance with the state regulations always biological using fire extinguishers and fire extinguishing agents designed tolerably. The additive is therefore used in premix solutions gradually biodegraded so that the extinguishing effect with the Time wears off. In addition, some extinguishing agents, such as Example of so-called Class-A-Foam (= special foam agent for the Fire fighting solid fuels) not suitable, used as premix to become.

Another aspect relates to environmental protection. The effectiveness drops of the extinguishing agent additive below a certain value is that fill the entire pipeline network with a new premix. Here is the old one Dispose of premix in an environmentally friendly manner, with the additives generally represent water-polluting substances and the disposal effort accordingly is high.

Usually in stationary or semi-stationary extinguishing technology for aqueous extinguishing agents the addition of additives such as Example of foam agent, either directly in the extinguishing center or by providing a premixed solution, a so-called premix, carried out in the extinguishing system. These two variants have the Disadvantage that either the extinguishing agent mixture very late on Fire site is available or problems with the piping or with the premix, for example due to decay or restrictions on use, occur.

In recent considerations and planning by manufacturers of system components was already quite about the possibility of a decentralized Admixture of extinguishing agent additives speculated (see prospectus of Company MSR Dosiertechnik GmbH, Wölfersheim, 2002: "Operating instructions FireDos® proportioning system for fire fighting fluids ", page 19).

However, the principle described there is not for a building with several Sprinkler groups suitable. In individual buildings or parts of buildings however, there are usually several sprinkler groups, for example two groups for ceiling sprinklers and one group for shelf sprinklers. It is of course possible that only one or more Trigger sprinkler groups at the same time.

The system presented in this brochure is only suitable for a single sprinkler group or the entire sprinkler system to Example using a central admixture in the sprinkler center, with To supply extinguishing agent additives. In this respect it represents a combination of the presented case "A" with presented case "B"; this combination is not suitable for a building with multiple sprinkler groups to be promptly supplied with extinguishing agent additives. This also corresponds to that described Principle of a combination of a fixed and a partially movable (← → manual intervention required) extinguishing system.

In the technical area under discussion, the Document US 1 467 377, in which a method for admixing (dosing) of liquid extinguishing agent additives is disclosed, an admixture the extinguishing agent additives directly on the sprinkler or on the outlet nozzle for fire-fighting agents. With such a structure the system requires almost as many extinguishing agent additive containers and Extinguishing agent pumps (admixers) such as sprinkler heads.

In the document US 1 299 272 is a partially movable fire extinguisher described, in which two liquid extinguishing agents at the outlet nozzle Fire hose are miscible. This procedure is for manual Operation of a fire hose or a fire water pipe designed and cannot be used on an extinguishing system with a large number of or sprinkler units can be transmitted.

Furthermore, EP 1 029 560 A2 is a mobile device Fire fighting pump unit known either individually or both wet or dry foam and water at the same time Extinguishing media can provide. This pump unit is also designed for only one fire water pipe.

In the document DE 100 13 974 A1 one for both a central and Pressure mixers also suitable for a decentralized foam supply proposed the essentially for use in the mobile Fire fighting is provided; in principle this well-known one could Pressure mixers can also be used in fixed extinguishing systems.

In the system according to the publication DE 100 13 974 A1, the Foam line or extinguishing agent additional line in the nozzle housing Sprinkler or sprinkler unit, what given the corrosive effect of the extinguishing agent additive appears problematic (however, the Disadvantage of corrosiveness in the event of a sprinkler triggering in the event of a fire not very relevant).

Another disadvantage of that described in the publication DE 100 13 974 A1 Pressure admixer is that a complex piping system with main and secondary flow lines of the extinguishing agent to regulate the admixture of the extinguishing agent additive to be able to.

Finally, in this known system, in front of the admixing unit a check valve can be arranged in the extinguishing agent guide a Venturi nozzle used. Venturi or similar known admixing systems are disadvantageous of both outlet and flow pressures as well as back pressures in the suction and pressure side water and additive lines heavily dependent.

The well-known Venturi principle is available in various technical versions, for example as a suction mixer, as a constant pressure mixer or as a bladder tank mixer (excess pressure on the suction side of the Additive, used among other things in sprinkler systems). Indeed these systems all work on the basis of the injector principle.

The length of the suction section of the Venturi admixer is limited Intake quantity depends on the pressure. To the system for sprinkler systems too stabilize, the additive is therefore put under pressure (bladder tank), to make suction easier and to fix the admixing rate.

Finally, there is an extinguishing system from the publication DE 37 26 672 A1 known of the type mentioned. With this with an automatic, Electronically controlled proportioning device for fire engines is the fire water behind the fire water pump Foam agent added, after which the extinguishing water-foam agent mixture is fed to several consumers via branch lines.

The variant according to the publication DE 37 26 672 A1 is not for one Fire extinguishing system with a variety of sprinkler or sprinkler units suitable, because in this case the extinguishing agent mixture only gets with a time delay to the sprinkler or sprinkler units that are not close to the fire pump.

Presentation of the invention: task, solution, advantages

Based on the disadvantages and shortcomings outlined above as well as the outlined state of the art is to be guaranteed by the present invention that immediately after commissioning of the admixing system without much effort All sprinkler or sprinkler units have a mixture of extinguishing agent and extinguishing agent additive is available.

This task is achieved both by means of an admixing system with those in the claim 1 specified features as well as by an extinguishing or sprinkler system with the features specified in claim 6 as also by a method with the features specified in claim 9 solved. Advantageous refinements and useful further training of the present invention are in the respective subclaims characterized.

According to the invention, the extinguishing agent additive is also used as an extinguishing agent additive can be called the extinguishing agent only at the moment of commissioning the admixing system or the admixing system according to the invention having extinguishing or sprinkling system added, the additive or additive pump with each of the Sprinkler or sprinkler units with at least one each Extinguishing agent line is connected.

Advantageously, for the extinguishing agent additive or the additive suitable and durable cables are used, so that the disadvantages of Corrosiveness and decay of the extinguishing agent additive in the pipes omitted.

According to the respective extinguishing agent line with the respective Extinguishing agent line or additive line in the area, in particular shortly before, the respective sprinkler or sprinkler unit merged and / or united. In this way the extinguishing agent is added or the additive, that is, the additive only as close as possible the fire site added to the pipe network of the extinguishing agent, the is called the sprinkler group. Hence the additive or admixture under pressure as close as possible to the individual sprinkler groups and thus fed into the fire water pipe.

This offers the advantage that environmentally harmful premix solutions are avoided and all liquid extinguishing agent additives are used can also be Class A foam, which is the state of the art cannot even be used as a premix solution.

In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the Extinguishing agent additive line already filled with the additive, this Additive only when the admixing system and / or the Extinguishing or sprinkler system is added to the extinguishing agent.

By such a decentralized admixture, which is essential to the invention or dosing arises when the admixing system is started up the extinguishing or irrigation system the full extinguishing effect promptly. In addition, the invention is characterized by its simple Structure, their practicality in fire fighting and their good Can be retrofitted into existing extinguishing or sprinkler systems.

In a preferred embodiment of the admixing system, the Extinguishing agent additive or admixing pump on hydraulic drive. This Extinguishing agent volume flows through the drive. The mechanics in Inside the drive takes advantage of the pressure differences that arise and converts these pressure differences in stroke or rotary movements.

Furthermore, there is an expedient embodiment of the admixing system the extinguishing agent additive pump with the drive via at least a mechanical clutch for torque transmission connected and promotes the additive from the extinguishing agent additive or storage container into the additive lines and from there indirectly into the extinguishing water volume flow the sprinkler or sprinkler units, for example the Sprinkler.

The additive or extinguishing agent additive pump is advantageously as at least one piston pump, because such a pump can overcome the pressure drops in the suction and admixing lines and produce the pressure increase necessary for admixing.

In addition to the described main components drive, additive pump, Coupling and piping system has an advantageous embodiment the components of the admixing system according to the invention Structure and ventilation on.

In the case of at least three sprinkler or sprinkler units advantageously at least one of the extinguishing agent lines each at least two of the sprinkler or sprinkler units with the Connect extinguishing agent pump. This allows the installation and operation of the extinguishing agent lines minimized the effort involved become.

Furthermore, in the case of at least three sprinkler or sprinkler units Sprinkler or sprinkler units located adjacent to each other each assigned to different extinguishing agent lines his. This makes, among other things, a particularly stable and reliable flow regulation guaranteed.

For the same reason it is independent of or in connection with it each sprinkler or sprinkler unit preferably no more than one Extinguishing agent additive line assignable.

Another advantageous embodiment of the present invention exists in that by means of at least one ring line, for example in Form at least one of the extinguishing agent additive container and the extinguishing agent additive lines interconnecting extinguishing agent return, a return of the extinguishing agent additive into the extinguishing agent additive container is guaranteed to prevent flocculation or decomposition of the To prevent the addition of extinguishing agent.

Since the extinguishing agent pump essential to the invention Extinguishing agent additive from the extinguishing agent additive container also over longer periods Sucking out distances constantly, unlike other known ones Extinguishing systems, such as extinguishing systems with venturi bladder tank admixers, in the present invention in a preferred manner pressurized extinguishing agent additive container can be used.

In addition, the present invention works when used such an extinguishing agent pump depending on the flow rate in the water pipe, but regardless of the pressure in the Wasserieitung. This offers the advantage that the extinguishing agent is added Extinguishing agent mixed regardless of the pressure in the extinguishing agent line can be; on the other hand, venturi or similar known admixing systems of outlet and flow pressures as well as back pressures in the suction and pressure side water and additive lines heavily dependent.

The structure of an advantageous embodiment is shown below as an example the extinguishing or sprinkler system according to the present invention shown in detail.

To prevent damage to the pumps in a reliable manner and an even dosage of the admixture while maintaining the required The extinguishing agent lines can achieve the minimum admixing rate have at least one control and / or regulating unit. This Control and / or regulating unit can be used as at least one electronic, hydraulic and / or mechanical device to be designed the extinguishing or sprinkler system is adapted.

For example, this control and / or regulating unit can be at least a pressure limiter can be designed which, when a limit is exceeded or delivery pressure the extinguishing agent additive via the extinguishing agent additive return leads back into the extinguishing agent additive container.

In a simple variant, the control unit can be used for Example to act as a spring-loaded pressure relief valve the requirements of the sprinkler system is set manually. If necessary, excess additive can be placed in the additive container be returned.

Depending on the type of system, it can also be advantageous to add more Install component components. This is usually the installation of at least a Rückschiagventii at at least one mixing point, the means in the area before, especially just before, the confluence of the respective Extinguishing agent additive line useful in the respective extinguishing agent line, to prevent the additive from entering the fire water pipe to prevent. If necessary, a two-stage or multi-stage Non-return system with flushing device can be provided. In any case the execution should be determined on a plant and user-specific basis.

• der Löschmittelzusatz mindestens zwei Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten durch mindestens eine Löschmittelzusatz-Pumpe, insbesondere durch mindestens einen Zumischer, über mindestens zwei Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen zugeführt oder zugeleitet wird,
• die Zuführung oder Zuleitung des Löschmittelzusatzes im Bereich, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Strömungsrichtung kurz vor, der jeweiligen Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheit erfolgt und
• die Löschmittelzusatz-Pumpe den Löschmittelzusatz mittels Überdruck in das Löschmittel einmischt oder dem Löschmittel zusetzt.

The present invention further relates to a method for in particular metered mixing or addition of at least one extinguishing agent additive to at least one extinguishing agent, wherein

• the extinguishing agent additive is supplied or supplied to at least two sprinkler or sprinkler units by at least one extinguishing agent additive pump, in particular by at least one admixer, via at least two extinguishing agent additive lines,
• the supply or supply of the extinguishing agent additive takes place in the area, in particular in relation to the flow direction just before, to the respective sprinkler or sprinkler unit and
• the extinguishing agent additive pump mixes the extinguishing agent additive into the extinguishing agent by means of overpressure or adds it to the extinguishing agent.

This method is based on a decentralized admixture of the Extinguishing agent additive in the extinguishing agent line near the fire, where the admixture is carried in separate pipelines.

The method according to the present invention reduces the time until the mixture is made available at the fire site and on the other hand the problems with the pipeline network and the Premix. In addition, the procedure is for all liquid extinguishing agent additives as well as for new extinguishing or sprinkler systems as well Suitable for retrofitting existing extinguishing or sprinkler systems.

The procedure described is primarily for deleting at least a fire and / or at least one fire, in particular at least a damage fire, and / or for surface cooling by means of a fixed or partially movable extinguishing system or sprinkler system, in particular according to DIN 14011-5: 1980-05, provided (here under a fire understood a so-called "damage fire" that one causes unintended damage and / or its intended Leaves place, whereas a so-called "useful fire" to none Causes damage and / or does not leave its intended location).

Accordingly, the invention finally relates to the use at least a proportioning system according to the type set out above and / or at least one extinguishing or sprinkling system according to the type and / or a method according to the above set out in at least one or as at least one stationary or partially movable extinguishing system or sprinkler system, in particular according to DIN 14011-5: 1980-05.

Brief description of the drawings

As discussed above, there are several ways that Teaching the present invention in an advantageous manner and educate. For this purpose, on the one hand, claims 1 and 6 subordinate claims, on the other hand, further configurations, Features and advantages of the present invention below based on the embodiment illustrated by Figures 1 to 4 explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

in schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage, die ein erfindungsgemäßes Zumischsystem aufweist und die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren arbeitet;

Fig. 2

als technische Zeichnung eine ausführlichere Darstellung der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage aus Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

in schematischer Darstellung eine beispielhafte Zuordnung der Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen zu den Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage aus den Fig. 1 und 2; und

Fig. 4

in diagrammatischer Darstellung die Verteilung der Zumischraten des Löschmittelzusatzes in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der geöffneten Sprinkler der Berieselungs- oder Sprinklereinheiten der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage aus den Fig. 1 und 2.

It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of an embodiment of an extinguishing or sprinkling system according to the invention, which has an admixing system according to the invention and which works according to the method according to the invention;

Fig. 2

as a technical drawing a more detailed representation of the extinguishing or sprinkler system from Fig. 1;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of an exemplary assignment of the extinguishing agent lines to the sprinkler or sprinkler units of the extinguishing or sprinkler system from FIGS. 1 and 2; and

Fig. 4

in a diagrammatic representation the distribution of the admixing rates of the extinguishing agent additive as a function of the number of open sprinklers of the sprinkler or sprinkler units of the extinguishing or sprinkler system from FIGS. 1 and 2.

The same or similar configurations, elements or features are in Figures 1 to 4 provided with identical reference numerals.

Best way to carry out the invention

For a simplified illustration, the principle is that of the invention Features in Figures 1 to 4 on a stationary or stationary Sprinkler system 200 shown.

• Bei einer teilbeweglichen Löschanlage handelt es sich um eine nicht in allen Teilen ortsfest installierten Anlage. Eine teilbewegliche Löschanlage wird durch die Zuführung von Löschmittel 22 und gegebenenfalls durch Zuschaltung geeigneter Geräte betriebsbereit. Im Allgemeinen fallen unter diesen Anwendungsbereich die sogenannten halbstationären Feuerlöschanlagen.
• Eine Berieselungsanlage ist eine Anlage, die Löschmittel 22 zur Oberflächenkühlung abgibt.

However, the principle of the features according to the invention can also be applied to other extinguishing systems, for example to partially movable fire extinguishing systems or to sprinkler systems:

• A partially movable extinguishing system is a system that is not permanently installed in all parts. A partially movable extinguishing system is ready for operation by supplying extinguishing agent 22 and, if appropriate, by connecting suitable devices. In general, the so-called semi-stationary fire extinguishing systems fall under this area of application.
• A sprinkler system is a system that delivers extinguishing agents 22 for surface cooling.

• einen zentralen Löschmittelzusatz-Behälter 30, nämlich einen Zusatzmitteltank, wobei aufgrund der technischen Möglichkeiten jeder Vorratsbehälter als Zusatzmitteltank 30 verwendet werden kann, sowie
• für den Löschmittelzusatz 32 einen Zumischer 34,
• der mit drei Löschmittelzusatz-Rohrleitungen 36p1, 36p2, 36p3 verbunden ist,
• dem drei Steuer-/Regeleinheiten 40p1, 40p2, 40p3 zugeordnet sind und
• der über einen Zusatzmittelrücklauf 38 mit dem Zusatzmitteltank 30 verbunden ist.

An exemplary embodiment for a six-group sprinkler system 200 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. This sprinkler system 200 has the following components at a suitable point - in FIGS. 1 and 2 in an extinguishing center 60 - which serve to meter and add extinguishing agent additive 32:

• a central extinguishing agent additive container 30, namely an additive tank, and because of the technical possibilities, each storage container can be used as an additive tank 30, and
• a admixer 34 for the extinguishing agent additive 32,
• which is connected to three extinguishing agent additive pipes 36p1, 36p2, 36p3,
• to which three control units 40p1, 40p2, 40p3 are assigned and
• which is connected to the additive tank 30 via an additive return 38.

• ein zentraler Löschmitteltank oder eine Löschwasserversorgung 20 sowie
• eine Löschmittel-Pumpe 24 in Form einer Sprinklerpumpe, die mit einer zentralen Löschmittelleitung 26z verbunden ist.

Furthermore, the following components are arranged in the control center 60 for supplying the sprinkler system 200 with extinguishing agent 22:

• a central extinguishing agent tank or a fire water supply 20 as well
• an extinguishing agent pump 24 in the form of a sprinkler pump which is connected to a central extinguishing agent line 26z.

The central extinguishing agent line 26z is over six extinguishing agent lines 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f with six sprinkler units 10, namely six sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f connected. The sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f are one Object 70, for example assigned to a building.

The extinguishing agent additive lines or additive lines branch out in object 70 36p1, 36p2, 36p3 so that one additive line each 36p1 or 36p2 or 36p3 two not adjacent, in particular (by distance from each other) spatially separated and / or in particular (structurally separated by at least one partition 80, 82), Sprinkler groups 10a, 10d and 10b, 10e and 10c, 10f each have one Extinguishing agent line 36a, 36d or 36b, 36e or 36c, 36f with Extinguishing agent additive 32 supplied.

With the exception of the first sprinkler group 10a, that of the second Sprinkler group 10b through a first partition 80 and from the third Sprinkler group 10c is structurally separated by a second partition 82, 3 is a spatial separation of the Sprinkler groups 10a, 10d and 10b, 10e and 10c, 10f by distance to each other. However, in an essential manner according to the invention, it is also possible the spatial separation (achieved by spacing from one another) and the structural one (accomplished by at least one partition) To provide separation alternatively to each other.

• die Löschmittelzusatz-Leitung 36p1 mit den den beiden Sprinklergruppen 10a, 10d zugeordneten Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen 36a, 36d eine Zusatzmittelgruppe 36adp1,
• die Löschmittelzusatz-Leitung 36p2 mit den den beiden Sprinklergruppen 10b, 10e zugeordneten Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen 36b, 36e eine Zusatzmittelgruppe 36bep2 und
• die Löschmittelzusatz-Leitung 36p3 mit den den beiden Sprinklergruppen 10c, 10f zugeordneten Löschmittelzusatz-Leitungen 36c, 36f eine Zusatzmittelgruppe 36cfp3.

Forms accordingly

• the extinguishing agent additive line 36p1 with the extinguishing agent additive lines 36a, 36d assigned to the two sprinkler groups 10a, 10d, an additive group 36adp1,
• the extinguishing agent additive line 36p2 with the extinguishing agent additive lines 36b, 36e assigned to the two sprinkler groups 10b, 10e, an additive group 36bep2 and
• the extinguishing agent additive line 36p3 with the extinguishing agent additive lines 36c, 36f assigned to the two sprinkler groups 10c, 10f an additive group 36cfp3.

The admixer or the metering unit 34 receives the additive 32 the stationary or mobile storage container 30 and feeds this additive 32 in parallel to the extinguishing water network 26 (= extinguishing agent lines 26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f, 26z) installed extinguishing agent additive network 36 (= extinguishing agent additive lines 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f, 36p1, 36p2, 36p3).

The additive groups 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 are managed so that the additive 32 is admixed to the sprinkler groups 10; offset means that when the extinguishing system 200 is triggered, each sprinkler group 10 until the respective effective area of the extinguishing system is reached 200 assigned exactly one additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 is. This is necessary so that the required minimum admixing rate is reached becomes.

If there were several sprinkler groups 10 over the same in the event of a fire Supplement group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 supplied, that would be Admixture look for the hydraulically cheaper way, so that in one of the two or more affected sprinkler groups 10 none or only one restricted admixture would take place; from the missing or restricted The sprinkler group in which the would have opened fewer or fewer sprinkler heads.

The additive lines 36 or the division of the additive groups 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 is therefore defined in relation to the object 70. An example of an object 70 that matches FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 can be shown in FIG 3 are removed. The four sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d as ceiling sprinklers and the two sprinkler groups 10e, 10f trained as a shelf sprinkler.

According to the invention, the additive 32 is thus decentralized to the extinguishing agent 22 admixed (see Figures 1 and 2). The mixing points are for this 12a or 12b or 12c or 12d or 12e or 12f, i.e. the junctions the additive lines 36a or 36b or 36c or 36d or 36e or 36f into the respective extinguishing agent line 26a or 26b or 26c or 26d or 26e or 26f as close as possible to the individual sprinkler groups 10a or 10b or 10c or 10d or 10e or 10f and thus brought up to the source of the fire.

Such a structure of the sprinkler system 200 enables it to be essential to the invention Way, the addition of the extinguishing agent additive 32 centrally to control and at the same time the extinguishing agent additive 32 and the extinguishing agent 22 to mix in decentrally.

The admixer 34 (dosing pump or dosing unit) for the additive 32 of the extinguishing system 200 is designed such that the admixer 34 has a required admixture in the extinguishing agent lines 26 allows. Therefor pumps 34p1, 34p2, 34p3 (see FIG. 2) are suitable, by means of which the Additive 32 are introduced under pressure into the extinguishing agent line 26 can. Piston pumps are suitable, for example; Pumping after Venturi principle or other "passive" admixing systems are less good suitable.

FIG. 2 shows that the metering unit or the admixer 34 is on a hydraulic drive 34a is based. The drive 34a is from Extinguishing water volume flows through the central extinguishing agent line 26z. The mechanics in the interior of the drive 34a make use of pressure differences that arise and converts these pressure differences into a stroke and / or Rotational movement around.

Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows that the admixer 34 contains the additive 32 by means of three, with the drive 34a via a mechanical Coupling 34k for torque transmission of connected extinguishing agent additive pumps 34p1 or 34p2 or 34p3 from the storage container 30 into the Additive lines 36p1 or 36p2 or 36p3 and from there indirectly in the extinguishing water volume flow of sprinkler groups 10a, 10d and 10b, 10e or 10c, 10f promotes.

Overcome the extinguishing agent additive pumps 34p1, 34p2, 34p3 of the admixer 34 in this context the pressure losses of the suction and Mixing lines 36p1, 36p2, 36p3 and provide the necessary for mixing Pressure increase ago.

In addition, the admixer 34 is able to add each strand of admixture or each additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 separately. To fulfill these functions, for example, a multi-stage Piston pump as admixer 34 or as an extinguishing agent pump 34p1, 34p2, 34p3 can be used.

In general, the described functionality of a sprinkler system is sufficient 200 in order to ensure the appropriate fire fighting Protection goals of fire and fire protection and / or surface cooling to meet. However, for certain reasons, the Functional reliability of the extinguishing or sprinkler system 200 an exact If the proportioning rate is reached, further measures can be taken.

(i) Die einzelnen Zusatzmittelgruppen 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 erhalten keine festen Zumischraten, sondern flexible Zumischraten, die über die Durchfiussmenge (und damit mittelbar über die geöffneten Sprinkler) in der jeweiligen Zusatzmittelgruppe 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 geregelt werden. Diese Funktion wird in Figur 1 von den mess- und regeltechnischen Steuerelementen 40p1, 40p2, 40p3 übernommen.
Figur 2 kann entnommen werden, dass diese Regel-/Steuerelemente 40p1 bzw. 40p2 bzw. 40p3 verstellbare Druckbegrenzungsventile mit Dynamik sein können, die den Einlassdruck der jeweiligen Zusatzmittelleitungen 36p1 bzw. 36p2 bzw. 36p3 durch eine Vorsteuerung begrenzen. In Abhängigkeit von der Gestaltung der Lösch- oder Berieselungsanlage 200 können diese Regel-/Steuerelemente 40 an mindestens einer geeigneten Stelle im Leitungsnetz positioniert werden und müssen nicht, wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt, in der Nähe des Zumischers 34 angeordnet sein.

(ii)Jede Zusatzmittelgruppe erhält einen eigenen Zumischer 34 mit fest eingestellter Zumischrate. Verglichen mit Figur 1 bedeutet dies, dass eine geänderte Führung des Löschwassers 22 in der Löschzentrale 60 zu wählen ist, so dass jeweils eine Zumischergruppe 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 bzw. zwei Sprinklergruppen 10 einem Zumischer 34 zugeordnet werden (hier: Sprinklergruppe 10a, 10d bzw. 10b, 10e bzw. 10c, 10f). Insgesamt kommen so drei Dosiereinheiten zum Einsatz. Im Gegenzug kann in diesem Fall auf die Überdruckventile 40p1 bzw. 40p2 bzw. 40p3 verzichtet werden.

An exact admixture can be achieved, for example, in the following two ways:

(i) The individual additive groups 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 do not receive fixed admixing rates, but rather flexible admixing rates that are regulated via the flow rate (and thus indirectly via the opened sprinklers) in the respective additive group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3. This function is performed in Figure 1 by the measurement and control controls 40p1, 40p2, 40p3.
It can be seen from FIG. 2 that these regulating / control elements 40p1 or 40p2 or 40p3 can be adjustable pressure limiting valves with dynamics, which limit the inlet pressure of the respective additive lines 36p1 or 36p2 or 36p3 by means of a pilot control. Depending on the design of the extinguishing or sprinkling system 200, these regulating / control elements 40 can be positioned at at least one suitable location in the line network and do not have to be arranged in the vicinity of the admixer 34, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

(ii) Each additive group receives its own admixer 34 with a fixed admixing rate. Compared to FIG. 1, this means that a changed guidance of the extinguishing water 22 in the extinguishing center 60 is to be selected so that in each case one admixing group 36adp1, 36bep2, 36cfp3 or two sprinkler groups 10 are assigned to one admixer 34 (here: sprinkler group 10a, 10d or 10b, 10e and 10c, 10f). In total, three dosing units are used. In return, the pressure relief valves 40p1 or 40p2 or 40p3 can be dispensed with in this case.

Depending on the type of system, it may also be necessary to add more Install component components. For example, the Installation of check valves 14a or 14b or 14c or 14d or 14e and 14f with spring dynamics in the additive lines 26a and 26b or 26c or 26d or 26e or 26f, especially at the mixing points 12a or 12b or 12c or 12d or 12e or 12f (see FIG. 2).

In Figure 2 are also the check valves equipped with spring dynamics 14a or 14b or 14c or 14d or 14e or 14f opposite Check valves 16a or 16b or 16c or 16d or 16e or 16f arranged without (spring) dynamics.

• ein Absperrventil 42 im Bereich des Abgangs des Löschwassertanks 20 sowie
• ein Absperrventil 44 im Bereich des Abgangs des Zusatzmitteltanks 30 eingebaut (vgl. Figur 2).

Another possibility for feeding into the stationary sprinkler system 200 is

• a shut-off valve 42 in the area of the outlet of the fire water tank 20 and
• a shut-off valve 44 is installed in the area of the outlet of the additive tank 30 (see FIG. 2).

In the case of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention The shut-off valves 42, 44 advantageously serve as a semi-stationary extinguishing system Functional way to connect extinguishing agent (additive).

Finally, with regard to the system described above, that the decentralized admixture with only one admixer 34 according to Figures 1 and 2 different admixing rates in the set individual sprinkler groups 10 if more than a sprinkler group 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f opens.

Each piston of the admixing pump 34 has approximately a fixed admixing rate of percent, so when opening two sprinkler groups 10 (or additive groups) a total admixing rate of two percent, with three sprinkler groups 10 of three percent etc. The proportioning rate is not evenly distributed across sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, but proportional to that in each sprinkler group 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f open sprinkler heads.

An exemplary representation of the admixing rates for a sprinkler system 200 when several sprinkler groups 10a respond, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f with a total of forty sprinkler heads (fictitious maximum The effective area of the sprinkler system) can be seen in FIG. 4.

In Figure 4 on the right axis is the number of all sprinklers open minus the open sprinkler one, namely the one to be viewed Subgroup shown; the vertical axis shows the admixing rate of the considered Subgroup in percent. N indicates the number of sprinklers again, and H represents the main group. The main group is the sprinkler group, where most sprinkler heads are open. In the course of a Fire events can occur by opening the sprinkler heads at different times Main and sub-groups vary in different sprinkler groups or switch.

As can be seen in FIG. 4, an overdose is in any case use the individual sprinkler groups 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f, so that the minimum admixing rate (here: one percent) is not undercut becomes.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

admixing

10

Sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular sprinkler group, the extinguishing system 200, namely

10a

first sprinkler or sprinkler unit, especially the first Sprinkler group, for example the first ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10b

second sprinkler or sprinkler unit, in particular second Sprinkler group, for example second ceiling sprinkler, the Extinguishing system 200

10c

third sprinkler or sprinkler unit, especially third Sprinkler group, for example third ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10d

fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit, especially fourth Sprinkler group, for example fourth ceiling sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10e

fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit, especially fifth Sprinkler group, for example the first shelf sprinkler, the extinguishing system 200

10f

sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit, especially sixth Sprinkler group, for example second shelf sprinkler, the Extinguishing system 200

12a

assigned to the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a Zumischsteile

12b

assigned to the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b admixing

12c

assigned to the third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c admixing

12d

assigned to the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10d admixing

12e

assigned to the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e admixing

12f

assigned to the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f admixing

14a

assigned to the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36a Check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14b

assigned to the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent line 36b Check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14c

assigned to the third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent line 36c Check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14d

assigned to the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10d, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent line 36d Check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14e

assigned to the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent additive line 36e Check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

14f

assigned to the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f, arranged in particular in the extinguishing agent line 36f Check valve with dynamics and / or with spring

16a

assigned to the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16b

assigned to the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16c

assigned to the third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16d

assigned to the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10d Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16e

assigned to the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

16f

assigned to the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f Check valve without dynamics and / or without spring

20

Extinguishing agent container, especially extinguishing agent tank or water supply

22

Extinguishing media, especially extinguishing water

24

Extinguishing agent pump, in particular hydraulic pump and / or sprinkler pump

26

Extinguishing agent line or extinguishing agent network, namely

26a

assigned to the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a Extinguisher line

26b

assigned to the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b Extinguisher line

26c

assigned to the third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c Extinguisher line

26d

assigned to the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10d Extinguisher line

26e

assigned to the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e Extinguisher line

26f

assigned to the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f Extinguisher line

26z

central extinguishing agent line

30

Extinguishing agent additive container, especially additive tank

32

Extinguishing agent additive

34

Dosing unit or proportioner

34a

Drive, especially a hydraulic motor with constant displacement, the dosing unit or the admixer 34

34k

Coupling, especially mechanical coupling, between the drive 34a and extinguishing agent pumps 34p1, 34p2, 34p3

34p1

First extinguishing agent pump of the dosing unit or the proportioner 34

34p2

second extinguishing agent pump of the dosing unit or the proportioner 34

34p3

third extinguishing agent pump of the dosing unit or the proportioner 34

36

Extinguishing agent line or extinguishing agent network, namely

36a

assigned to the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a Extinguishing agent additive line

36b

assigned to the second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b Extinguishing agent additive line

36c

assigned to the third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c Extinguishing agent additive line

36d

assigned to the fourth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10d Extinguishing agent additive line

36e

assigned to the fifth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10e Extinguishing agent additive line

36f

assigned to the sixth sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10f Extinguishing agent additive line

36p1

extinguishing agent additive line assigned to the first extinguishing agent additive pump 34p1

36p2

extinguishing agent additive line assigned to the second extinguishing agent additive pump 34p2

36p3

the third extinguishing agent pump 34p3 assigned extinguishing agent line

36adp1

additive group assigned to the first extinguishing agent additive pump 34p1

36bep2

the additive group assigned to the second extinguishing agent additive pump 34p2

36cfp3

the additive group assigned to the third extinguishing agent additive pump 34p3

38

Extinguishing agent additive return, especially additive return

40p1

associated with the first extinguishing agent pump 34p1, in particular arranged in the extinguishing agent additive line 36p1 Control and / or regulating unit

40p2

assigned to the second extinguishing agent pump 34p2, in particular arranged in the extinguishing agent additive line 36p2 Control and / or regulating unit

40p3

assigned to the third extinguishing agent pump 34p3, in particular arranged in the extinguishing agent additive line 36p3 Control and / or regulating unit

42

Shut-off valve or shut-off valve of the extinguishing agent container 20

44

Shut-off valve or shut-off valve of the extinguishing agent additive container 30

48

Drive, in particular electric motor or internal combustion engine, the Extinguishing agent pump 24

60

extinguishing system

70

object

80

first partition, especially between the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a and second sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10b

82

second partition, especially between the first sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10a and third sprinkler or sprinkler unit 10c

200

Extinguishing or sprinkler system, especially sprinkler system or fire extinguishing system

H

main group

N

Number of open sprinklers in the subgroup under consideration

R

flow direction

Claims (10)

Admixing system (100) for admixing at least one extinguishing agent additive (32) to at least one extinguishing agent (22), comprising at least one extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2,) designed in particular as a component or in the form of at least one metering unit or at least one admixer (34). 34p3) which mixes the extinguishing agent additive (32) by means of overpressure into at least two extinguishing agent lines (26) and which is connected to at least two sprinkler or sprinkler units (10), characterized, that the extinguishing agent pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) is connected to each of the sprinkler or sprinkler units (10) via at least one extinguishing agent line (36) and that the respective extinguishing agent line (26a, 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f) with the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f) shortly before, in particular in relation to the flow direction (R) , the respective sprinkler or sprinkler unit (10) is brought together and / or combined. Mixing system according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of at least three sprinkler or sprinkler units (10) at least one of the extinguishing agent additive lines (36) connects at least two of the sprinkler or sprinkler units (10) to the extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) and / or Sprinkler or sprinkler units (10) lying adjacent to one another are each assigned different extinguishing agent additive lines (36) and / or each sprinkler or sprinkler unit (10) is assigned no more than one extinguishing agent line (36). Mixing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the extinguishing agent line (36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f) has at least one in particular multi-stage, for example two-stage, check valve (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f ), preferably with a flushing device, in the area, in particular in relation to the flow direction (R), shortly before the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, 36f) opens into the respective extinguishing agent line (26a , 26b, 26c, 26d, 26e, 26f) can be arranged. Mixing system according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the extinguishing agent pump (34p1, 34p2,34p3) feeds the extinguishing agent additive (32) into each of the extinguishing agent additive lines (36) separately and / or is designed for in particular electronic, hydraulic and / or mechanical control and / or regulation of the amount of the extinguishing agent additive (32) to be fed into the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36). Mixing system according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that each extinguishing agent additive line (36) is assigned at least one extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) and / or that the, in particular each, extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) pumps a fixed, adjustable amount of extinguishing agent additive (32) into the respective extinguishing agent additive line (36). Extinguishing or sprinkler system (200), having at least one admixing system (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, at least one extinguishing agent container (20) for storing the extinguishing agent (22), at least one extinguishing agent pump (24) which is connected to each of the sprinkler or sprinkler units (10) via at least one extinguishing agent line (26), and at least one extinguishing agent additive container (30) for storing the extinguishing agent additive (32). Extinguishing or sprinkling system according to claim 6, characterized in that the extinguishing agent additive container (30) is connected to the extinguishing agent additive lines (36) via at least one extinguishing agent additive return (38) and that the extinguishing agent additive (32) can be returned to the extinguishing agent additive container (30) via the extinguishing agent additive return (38). Extinguishing or sprinkler system according to claim 7, characterized in that the extinguishing agent lines (36) have at least one in particular electronic, hydraulic and / or mechanical control and / or regulating unit (40p1, 40p2, 40p3), for example in the form of at least one Pressure limiter which, when a limit or delivery pressure is exceeded, returns the extinguishing agent additive (32) via the extinguishing agent additive return (38) to the extinguishing agent additive container (30). Method for in particular metered mixing or addition of at least one extinguishing agent additive (32) to at least one extinguishing agent (22), wherein the extinguishing agent additive (32) is supplied or supplied to at least two sprinkler or sprinkler units (10) by at least one extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3), in particular by at least one admixer (34), via at least two extinguishing agent additive lines (36) . the supply or supply of the extinguishing agent additive (32) takes place in the area, in particular with respect to the direction of flow (R) shortly before, to the respective sprinkler or sprinkler unit (10) and the extinguishing agent additive pump (34p1, 34p2, 34p3) mixes the extinguishing agent additive (32) into the extinguishing agent (22) by means of excess pressure or adds it to the extinguishing agent (22). use at least one admixing system (100) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5 in at least one fixed or partially movable fire extinguishing or sprinkler system, in particular in accordance with DIN 14011-5: 1980-05, and / or an extinguishing or sprinkler system (200) according to at least one of claims 6 to 8 as a fixed or partially movable fire extinguishing or sprinkler system, in particular according to DIN 14011-5: 1980-05, and / or a method according to claim 9 to extinguish at least one fire and / or at least one fire, in particular at least one damage fire, and / or for surface cooling using a fixed or partially movable fire extinguisher or sprinkler system, especially in accordance with DIN 14011-5: 1980-05.

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