Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
  • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
  • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
  • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
  • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
  • H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
  • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
  • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

• the invention relates to a dual-polarized radiator arrangement, in particular for the mobile radio sector.
• Dual-polarized antennas are preferably used in the mobile radio range at 800 - 1000 MHz and 1700 - 2200 MHz.
• two orthogonal polarizations are generated by an antenna, in particular the use of two linear polarizations with an orientation of + 45 ° or -45 ° with respect to the vertical has proven successful (X polarization).
• antennas with different horizontal half-widths are used, whereby half-widths of 65 ° and 90 ° have established themselves as a useful gradation.
• a reflector geometry is proposed for this purpose, in which slots are made in the reflector side boundaries projecting laterally opposite the reflector plate. If such a reflector geometry is used, for example with cross dipoles or with a special dipole structure, as is known, for example, from DE 198 60 121 A1, a horizontal half-value width between approximately 85 ° and 90 ° can be achieved. However, this example relates only to an antenna that is only operated in an operating frequency band.
• a combination of dipole radiators is proposed, as a result of which a half-width of about 65 ° can be realized for both frequency ranges (for example the 900 MHz band and the 1800 MHz band).
• a corresponding solution using patch radiators is known, for example, from WO 00/01 032.
• antennas which, however, are also not suitable in a half-value width of approximately 90 ° for operation in two frequency ranges offset from one another.
• antennas as described in the publication S. Maxi and Biffi Gentili: “Dual-Frequency Patch Antennas” in: IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 39, No. 6, December 1997.
• a dual-polarized antenna which has a triple structure and is horizontally and vertically aligned in its polarization, is also in Nobuhiro Kuga: "A Notch-Wire Composite Antenna for Polarization Diversity Reception” in IEEE AP Vol. 46, No. 6, June 1998, pp. 902-906 as known.
• This antenna generates an omnidirectional pattern.
• no dual-band antenna can be derived from this either, which has a horizontal half-value width of approximately 90 °.
• the object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1 or 2.
• Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
• the dual-polarized radiator arrangement according to the invention provides for the first time the possibility of building antennas which have horizontal half-value widths of 90 ° in both frequency ranges. Irrespective of this, these emitter structures can also be used to be operated in only one frequency range if required.
• FIG. 1 a schematic perspective illustration of a dual-polarized radiator arrangement according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of the radiator arrangement shown in a perspective illustration in FIG. 1 in a cross section perpendicular to the reflector plane;
• Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2;
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a modified exemplary embodiment of a radiator arrangement
• Figure 5 is a side view of the embodiment of Figure 4;
• FIG. 6 a top view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5;
• FIG. 7 a plan view corresponding to FIG. 6 of a modified exemplary embodiment with a perforated grid as radiator arrangements;
• Figure 8 is a plan view of another modified embodiment with convex radiator arrangements
• FIG. 9 a further modified exemplary embodiment in a schematic plan view with concave shaped radiator arrangements
• Figure 10 is a schematic plan view of a further modified embodiment with side radiator approaches
• FIG. 11 shows a plan view of a further development of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 10 with projecting projections running perpendicular to the extension approaches;
• FIG. 12 a side view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11;
• Figure 13 a schematic plan view of a dual-polarized two-band radiator arrangement with an internal patch radiator for the higher frequency
• Figure 14 is a perspective view of the
• Figure 15 a schematic plan view of a
• Figure 16 is a schematic perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 15.
• 1 to 3 show a first exemplary embodiment of a dual-polarized antenna according to the invention.
• the emitter arrangement according to the invention essentially has four emitter devices 1, i.e. four radiator devices la, lb, lc and Id on, which are conductive. These four radiator devices 1 form a square structure in plan view.
• the antenna with the radiator arrangement explained is constructed in a top view through 90 ° rotationally symmetrically or point-symmetrically.
• the radiator devices 1 forming a square structure in plan view can also be used as radiator elements, radiator arms, radiator rods or generally as Radiator structures are called.
• These four rod-shaped emitter devices 1 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 have approximately the same length of approximately 0.2 times to 1 times the operating wavelength ⁇ .
• the distance to level 3 of the reflector 5 is approximately 1/8 to 1/4 of the operating wavelength.
• the rod-shaped emitter devices 1 in the exemplary embodiment shown are arranged parallel to the reflector plane in a common emitter plane 7.
• the two further radiator devices which are each offset by 90 °, that is to say in the exemplary embodiment shown, the radiator devices 1b and 1d are likewise arranged parallel to one another.
• Both pairs of radiator devices la and lc arranged in parallel to one another and lb and ld to the other are aligned perpendicular to one another or at least approximately perpendicular to one another, which results in an antenna arrangement that can transmit and receive in two mutually perpendicular polarizations, namely in one Level El, which is aligned at an angle of + 45 ° to the horizontal and in a plane E2, which is aligned at an angle of -45 ° to the horizontal.
• the respectively opposite ends 9 of the four radiator devices that is to say remote from one another, ie the radiator ends 9a, 9a 'and 9b, 9b' and 9c, 9c 'and 9d, 9d' isolated in terms of radio frequency to the respectively adjacent end point of the adjacent radiator device.
• the radiator end 9a is isolated from the neighboring radiator end 9b ', the radiator end 9b from the neighboring radiator end 9c', the radiator end 9c from the neighboring radiator end 9d 'and the radiator end 9d from the neighboring radiator end 9a'.
• Each of the four radiator devices 1 is held and supported by an electrically conductive holding device 17, preferably relative to the reflector 5.
• an electrically conductive holding device 17 preferably relative to the reflector 5.
• this holding device 17 can each consist of two rods or rod device 19, each of which is from a base 21, preferably formed by the reflector, on which they are mechanically mounted and attached in an electrically conductive manner, to the emitter devices 1 in divergent form to the emitter ends 9.
• the arrangement is such that the rod devices 19 guided to the adjacent lamp ends, for example the lamp ends 9a and 9b 'of the lamp devices la and lb arranged adjacent to one another, run parallel and spaced from one another from their base 21, as a result of which between two adjacent bars or rod assemblies 19, a slot or gap 25 is formed.
• the structure described shows that the rods or rod device 19 are connected to one another at the reflector-side or base-side end 27 via a conductive base 21, the conductive reflector plate 5 and / or a conductive connection 29.
• a line connection to the reflector 5 itself is also preferably produced. This lead However, the connection to the reflector 5 does not necessarily have to be present.
• the emitter devices 1 are fed in at the respective end of the four columns or slots 25, that is to say at the emitter ends 9.
• the infeed takes place at these four corners or points 13, preferably by means of coaxial cables 31, which are shown in the schematic plan view according to FIG are indicated schematically.
• the inner conductor 31 ' is electrically connected to one end of one radiator device 1 and the outer conductor 31 "to the adjacent end of the adjacent radiator device 1.
• the outer conductor 31" of the coaxial cable 31 is connected to the radiator end 9a of the emitter device la is electrically connected, whereas the inner conductor 31 'is electrically connected to the adjacent emitter end 9b' of the adjacent emitter device 1b.
• the radiator ends 9 can be short-circuited without problems on the base or reflector side. In this example, these work together with the supply cables as symmetrization.
• the reflector is shown in cross-section, which on the outside can also comprise side boundary walls 5 ′ running transversely or perpendicular to the reflector plane 3.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 Another exemplary embodiment is shown with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
• This exemplary embodiment differs from that according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in that the area covered by the respective emitter device 1 and the bars or bar devices 19 which engage laterally at the ends of the emitter devices 1 and the base 21 which supports the bars 19, if appropriate delimited by the reflector 5 and / or the aforementioned conductive connecting elements 29, are not free or left empty, but are electrically full-area and is thus designed as a closed area.
• the radiating device 1 comparable to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, represents in each case the upper boundary edge 1 'of this surface element 39.
• the lateral boundary edges 19' ultimately represent the rods or rod device 19 delimiting the associated slot or the associated gap 25 the edge 27 ′ located below is comparable to the base or reflector-side connecting element 28.
• FIGS. 4 to 6 Another difference between the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 6 and the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is that the surface elements 39 are edged in a vertical sectional view, and the lower base-side or reflector-side section 39 'of the surface element extends outwards from a central section is slightly divergent (for example in one
• FIG. 2 also shows that the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 does not, of course, have to run with straight rods or rod devices 19, but that, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, the rods or rod devices have a kink in parallel with one another Form, comparable to the edge 19 'in the embodiment according to Figures 3 to 5, may have a slot 25.
• the total height of a radiator element formed in this way is lower due to this kinked design of the individual surface elements 39.
• FIGS. 4 to 6 can also be designed in such a way that only rectangular surface elements 39 "lying at the top are provided instead of the lower surface elements 39 'which are trapezoidal in plan view, the upper surface elements 39" then being provided by lateral support elements 19 are held.
• the surface elements 39 need not be designed to be completely closed, but can also be provided, for example, with a hole pattern 43. NEN. Further modifications are possible and conceivable.
• an overall structure has been chosen in which the individual emitter devices 1 are not formed from straight rods or boundary edges, but instead form convex or even part-circular emitter devices 1 in plan view. If the crosswise opposing slots or gaps 25 were not delimited by holding rods or rod devices 19, but if these edges 19 'are part of surface elements 39 which are offset by 90 °, they are designed to run in a partially frustoconical or partially cylindrical manner.
• the emitter devices 1 are not convex but rather concave.
• the radiator device 1 located above could again be formed as an electrically conductive, rod-shaped device or the like, which are held by corresponding rods or rod devices 19.
• the surface that is free between them can also be closed again over the entire surface, so that surface elements 39, comparable to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4 and 5, are formed.
• the emitter devices 1 for example when using corresponding surface elements 39, can have the emitter edges 1 'which not only run straight between the feed points 13, 113, but in a top view of one viewed from the central midsection convex outwards or even concave are formed formed.
• Correspondingly shaped radiator devices 1 can be used, or full-surface or partially full-surface radiator elements 1 with surface sections 39 or with the formation of a corresponding free space 39 '.
• an improvement in the radiation characteristic can also be achieved by preferably centering and parallel to the reflector 5 on the possibly rod-shaped emitter devices 1 or, in the case of surface elements 39, on the corresponding boundary edges 1 ′ forming the actual emitter devices 1 can protrude outward protruding electrically connected tabs or lugs 45.
• a further extension 49 is provided on the outer ends 47 of these tabs or lugs 45, which in this exemplary embodiment is in turn preferably aligned vertically to the reflector plane 3.
• the top view according to FIG. 11 also shows that the tabs or lugs 45, which are offset in pairs by 90 ° to one another and preferably run parallel to the reflector plane 3, can run along the reflector plane with different longitudinal extensions.
• the same also applies to the extension lugs 49 which are preferably provided vertically to the reflector plane 3.
• a dual-polarized antenna that is to say a radiator arrangement, which operates in a frequency band and has large half-widths of, for example, 90 °, has been described can have.
• radiator devices 1 or boundary edges 1 'mentioned are arranged horizontally or vertically to one another in accordance with the exemplary embodiments explained, this results in an X-polarized antenna in which one polarization is in + 45 ° and the other is in -45 ° is aligned with the horizontal plane. In plan view, the directions of polarization thus coincide with the course of the slots or columns 25.
• an overall antenna arrangement can now be built up, which is also suitable for operation in two frequency bands or frequency ranges, which are at a distance from one another and differ, for example, by a factor of 2: 1.
• an antenna can be constructed that can be operated, for example, in a 900 MHz frequency range and a 1800 MHz frequency range or, for example, in a 900 MHz frequency range and a 2000 MHz or 2100 MHz frequency range.
• a patch antenna 51 which, for example, has a square structure in plan view and can be approximately at the height of the boundary edges 1 ′, that is to say the radiator devices 1.
• a vector dipole arrangement 53 is used for operation in the higher frequency band, as is known in principle from DE 198 60 121 AI, to whose disclosure content reference is made in full and to the content of this application is made.
• this vector dipole element 53 the dipole halves are each formed from two half-dipole components oriented perpendicular to one another, the interconnection of the ends of the symmetrical or essentially or approximately symmetrical lines leading to the respective dipole halves being carried out in such a way that the corresponding line halves of the neighboring ones always occur , perpendicular dipole halves are electrically connected.
• the electrical feed of the respectively diametrically opposite dipole halves is decoupled for a first polarization and a second polarization orthogonal to it.
• the internal antenna element shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 in the form of an illustrated vector dipole 53 is therefore also suitable for transmitting or receiving X-aligned ones, ie at + 45 ° and -45 ° with respect to the aligned polarizations.
• the polarizations of the inner vector dipole 53 and the outer antenna element, which is wedge-shaped from bottom to top, are parallel.
• NEN of radiator types for example cross dipoles conceivable, which can be used and used in the sense of the invention.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
• Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

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• 2002
  • 2002-01-31 DE DE10203873A patent/DE10203873A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2003
  • 2003-01-15 CN CNU032021658U patent/CN2607673Y/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-01-23 US US10/433,574 patent/US6930650B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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  • 2003-01-23 TW TW092101436A patent/TWI264146B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-01-23 WO PCT/EP2003/000703 patent/WO2003065505A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2003-01-23 BR BR0302904-2A patent/BR0302904A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-01-23 AT AT03702516T patent/ATE299300T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-01-23 JP JP2003564982A patent/JP2005516513A/ja active Pending
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