EP1466308B1 - Sensoranordnung - Google Patents

Sensoranordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1466308B1
EP1466308B1 EP02793094A EP02793094A EP1466308B1 EP 1466308 B1 EP1466308 B1 EP 1466308B1 EP 02793094 A EP02793094 A EP 02793094A EP 02793094 A EP02793094 A EP 02793094A EP 1466308 B1 EP1466308 B1 EP 1466308B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
transmitter
output signal
output
electronic unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02793094A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1466308A1 (de
Inventor
Elmar Pfündlin
Georg Schneider
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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Publication of EP1466308A1 publication Critical patent/EP1466308A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1466308B1 publication Critical patent/EP1466308B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmitter with a transducer, which serves to detect a physical quantity to be measured and converted into an electrical variable, a signal preprocessing, which serves to convert the electrical variable into a raw signal, a signal processing, which serves the raw signal into a measurement signal and an output stage for outputting an output signal corresponding to the measurement signal
  • a plurality of transmitters e.g. Pressure, temperature, flow and / or level transmitter, in use.
  • a transmitter typically consists of a transducer which senses and converts a physical quantity into an electrical quantity, and electronics which convert the electrical quantity into a measurement signal which is then output by an output stage in the form of an output signal.
  • the measuring signals are usually transmitted from a higher-level unit, e.g. a control and / or regulating unit detected.
  • the higher-level unit supplies display, control and / or control signals for the control, control and / or automation of a process as a function of the instantaneous measured values. Examples include programmable logic controllers (PLC), process control systems (PCS) or personal computer (PC).
  • PLC programmable logic controllers
  • PCS process control systems
  • PC personal computer
  • the physical size is detected by the transducer and converted by means of a signal preprocessing into a raw signal. From the raw signal, the measuring signal is obtained in a signal processing and fed to an output stage which outputs a corresponding output signal.
  • U.S. Patent 4,804,958 discloses a transmitter having a sensor excited by an excitation device, the output of the sensor being a function of the measurand of the sensor and the excitation signal.
  • the transmitter further has an output device connected to the sensor output for outputting a sound signal for a two-wire circuit, wherein the current signal is a function of the sensor output signal.
  • an unnoticed change in the excitation of the sensor would cause a sensor output that does not accurately reflect the measurand to be detected.
  • the sensor output signal or raw signal is compared to a threshold value, the threshold value corresponding to a raw signal value which is generated in response to an undesired change in the excitation signal.
  • the circuit described is suitable for identifying a faulty raw signal, but does not recognize a faulty processing of the raw signal.
  • the publication WO 01/03098 A1 discloses a transmitter in which a raw signal is digitized and then processed in a computing unit to a setpoint which is finally converted to an analog output signal in which the output signal is detected, digitized and then fed to a computation unit which detects a deviation between the output signal and the output signal the target value determined.
  • the measurement error of the transmitter in the implementation of the digital target value in the analog output signal can thus be determined, displayed and optionally corrected in the arithmetic unit.
  • the transmitter described is not able to detect errors in the conversion of a preprocessed raw signal to the digital setpoint value A.
  • the publication WO 88/01417 A discloses a two-wire transmitter in which corrections for zero point, span and linearity are provided in the form of analog correction signals from a digital circuit having a microprocessor and a digital analogue converter.
  • the microprocessor controls the digital to analogue converter as a function of the stored digital correction values to provide the analogue correction signals used by the analogue signal processing by the magnitude of the signal current.
  • the current controller compares a signal voltage output via an integrator with a reference voltage, wherein the integrator integrates pulse-width-modulated signals of the digital analog converter.
  • a feedback circuit is provided, the feedback signals of which are fed back to the integrator in order to be able to correct deviations of the current controller.
  • the feedback signal is supplied to a comparator, which compares the feedback signal with the reference voltage and outputs signals representative of the zero point and full scale of the current signal to the microprocessor so that it can readjust corresponding values.
  • the current controller is readjusted by feedback so that it correctly converts the integrator signal. Furthermore, it is checked whether zero point and span actually correspond to the desired value. Whether a preprocessed raw signal is actually transmitted correctly can not be stated with certainty.
  • microprocessors are often used for signal processing and, for example, to implement customer-specific transfer function.
  • problems can occur e.g. due to hidden software errors that can lead to erroneous output signals or even to a freezing of the output signal in the worst case.
  • the transmitter has an electronic unit which serves to process the supplied measuring signal according to an application-specific transfer function.
  • an adjustment of a zero point and a scaling of the measurement signal is performed by the application-specific transfer function.
  • the monitoring unit has a second electronic unit
  • the transfer function is stored in a memory assigned to the unit
  • the second electronic unit derives the auxiliary signal from the raw signal during operation by processing the raw signal according to the application-specific transfer function, and compares this processed raw signal with the output signal.
  • the safety-oriented adjustment of the output signal is an alarm signal.
  • the invention consists in a method for starting a transmitter with a first and a second electronic unit, in which the transfer function is supplied by the user via a communication interface of the first electronic unit or a transmission function present in the transmitter is selected, the transfer function once via a data line is transmitted from the first to the second electronic unit, and stored in a memory associated with the second electronic unit.
  • Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a transmitter according to the invention.
  • the transmitter has a transducer 1, which serves to detect a physical quantity X and convert it into an electrical variable.
  • This can be, for example, a pressure, temperature, flow or level sensor.
  • the physical measured quantity X acts on the measuring transducer 1 and this emits a current measured value of the physical quantity X corresponding electrical variable, which is supplied to a signal preprocessing 3.
  • the signal preprocessing 3 serves to convert the electrical variable into a raw signal R, which is then available for further processing and / or evaluation.
  • the electrical size for example, amplified and / or filtered.
  • the raw signal R is converted by a subsequent signal processing 4 into a measurement signal M.
  • a subsequent signal processing 4 is e.g. a compensation of a possible temperature dependence of the raw signal made.
  • corrections and changes e.g. result from measuring transducer-specific characteristics or compensation and / or calibration data.
  • the measuring signal M is applied to an electronic unit 5, e.g. a microprocessor which processes the measurement signal M according to an application-specific transfer function F, to.
  • an electronic unit 5 e.g. a microprocessor which processes the measurement signal M according to an application-specific transfer function F, to.
  • F application-specific transfer function
  • a user-desired zero point of the physical quantity and a scaling of the measured value e.g. in the form of a measurement range specification or a unit in which a measurement result is to be output.
  • the processed according to the transfer function F measurement signal M is applied to an output stage 7, which outputs a measurement signal M corresponding output signal.
  • An output signal may e.g. a current corresponding to a current measured value, a voltage corresponding to the current measured value or a digital signal.
  • the output signal is a current I (X) varying as a function of the physical quantity X.
  • a Monitoring unit 9 Parallel to the signal processing path formed by the signal processing 4, the electronic unit 5 and the output stage 7 is a Monitoring unit 9 is provided.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a structure of the monitoring unit. 9
  • the monitoring unit 9 has a first input to which the raw signal R is applied.
  • the monitoring unit 9 compares the output signal with a derived from the raw signal R auxiliary signal H and causes a safety-oriented adjustment of the output signal when a deviation between the output signal and the raw signal R exceeds a predetermined frame.
  • the raw signal R is of course less accurate than the output signal. Therefore, it is preferable to define a tolerable deviation between the auxiliary signal H and the output signal, which may occur due to the different accuracies of the two signals. If the deviation between the two signals exceeds this limit, then there is a malfunction which is recognized immediately by the transmitter designed according to the invention. Accordingly, the transmitter can make a safety-related adjustment of the output signal on its own.
  • the operator is warned by the transmitter and it is ensured that no major damage is done until the fault is rectified.
  • a resistor 10 via which the output signal is tapped and the monitoring unit 9 is supplied.
  • the monitoring unit 9 has a measuring circuit 11 in which the output signal is detected and fed to a comparator 13.
  • the monitoring unit 9 also has an electronic unit 15, e.g. a second microprocessor, which in operation derives the auxiliary signal H from the raw signal R by processing the raw signal R according to the application-specific transfer function F.
  • the electronic unit 15 compares the thus obtained auxiliary signal H with the current output signal.
  • the electronic unit 15 is associated with a memory 17, in which the transfer function F is stored.
  • the transfer function F is supplied by the user via a communication interface of the first electronic unit 5 in the signal processing branch.
  • a transfer function available in the transmitter can also be selected by the user. This can be done, for example, by a menu via which different measuring ranges, signal output modes, units in which the measured value is to be specified, etc. can be selected.
  • the communication interface is in Fig. 1 only symbolically drawn in the form of an arrow. Although it is referred to herein as a communication interface, in some transmitters, a simple unidirectional transmission of the transfer function F to the electronic unit 5 may be sufficient. This does not necessarily happen via a separate interface, it can also be supplied via the lines via which the transmitter is supplied and / or via which the output signal is output.
  • the transfer function F is transmitted once only via a data line 19 from the first to the second electronic unit 5, 15 and stored in a memory 17 associated with the second electronic unit 15.
  • a transmitter In a transmitter according to the invention, the entire signal processing branch is monitored. Any kind of errors occurring here are immediately recognized and the transmitter automatically reacts in a safety-oriented manner.
  • the electronic unit 15 of the monitoring unit 9 via the output stage 7 causes a corresponding setting.
  • the monitoring unit 9 act directly on the output signal. In the described current output, this could, for example, be such that the monitoring unit 9 acts on the output signal between the output stage and the resistor 10 in such a way that it assumes the desired safety-oriented setting. This is shown in the figures by a dashed line.
  • a safety-related adjustment of the output signal can e.g. be an alarm signal.
  • an alarm signal e.g. consist in that the current is regulated to a value that it does not occupy under normal conditions of measurement. If the currents corresponding to the current measured value lie between 4 mA and 20 mA during fault-free operation, then currents above 20 mA or below 4 mA may have the meaning of an alarm.
  • a safety-related setting may, of course, also mean that an output signal is set which corresponds to a measured value in which the least possible damage is caused by the malfunctioning transmitter.
  • a safety-related setting can consist in that the transmitter, which has detected its malfunction, regardless of the filling state reports that the container is full, so that no more filling material is filled. This prevents the container from overflowing.
  • the output signal preferably has an alarm signal superimposed on it.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Pressure Sensors (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
EP02793094A 2002-01-18 2002-12-20 Sensoranordnung Expired - Lifetime EP1466308B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10202028 2002-01-18
DE10202028A DE10202028A1 (de) 2002-01-18 2002-01-18 Transmitter
PCT/EP2002/014607 WO2003060851A1 (de) 2002-01-18 2002-12-20 Sensoranordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1466308A1 EP1466308A1 (de) 2004-10-13
EP1466308B1 true EP1466308B1 (de) 2009-10-21

Family

ID=7712599

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02793094A Expired - Lifetime EP1466308B1 (de) 2002-01-18 2002-12-20 Sensoranordnung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US7139683B2 (ru)
EP (1) EP1466308B1 (ru)
JP (1) JP4393873B2 (ru)
CN (1) CN100407244C (ru)
AT (1) ATE446561T1 (ru)
AU (1) AU2002358775A1 (ru)
DE (2) DE10202028A1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2280901C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2003060851A1 (ru)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2613463A2 (de) 2012-01-09 2013-07-10 Krohne Messtechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Transmitters und entsprechender Transmitter

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DE10211771A1 (de) * 2002-03-14 2003-10-09 Endress & Hauser Gmbh & Co Kg Transmitter
US7018800B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2006-03-28 Rosemount Inc. Process device with quiescent current diagnostics
EP1652160B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2019-11-06 Rosemount Inc. Process device with loop override
US7280048B2 (en) * 2003-08-07 2007-10-09 Rosemount Inc. Process control loop current verification
US8180466B2 (en) * 2003-11-21 2012-05-15 Rosemount Inc. Process device with supervisory overlayer
DE102004019392A1 (de) * 2004-04-19 2005-12-08 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Digitaler Messumformer mit Stromsignal
US7464721B2 (en) * 2004-06-14 2008-12-16 Rosemount Inc. Process equipment validation
DE102007059847A1 (de) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Siemens Ag Feldgerät zur Prozessinstrumentierung
DE102008050354A1 (de) 2008-10-02 2010-04-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Messumformer
DE102008054053B4 (de) 2008-10-30 2013-07-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Feldgerät für die Prozessautomatisierung
US20100122945A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-20 David Williamson Grey water conservation mechanism
WO2010059903A1 (en) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Methods and systems for power supply adaptive control utilizing transfer function measurements
DE102009050645A1 (de) * 2009-10-26 2011-04-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Feldgerät zur Prozessinstrumentierung
US9020768B2 (en) * 2011-08-16 2015-04-28 Rosemount Inc. Two-wire process control loop current diagnostics
DE102011085877B4 (de) * 2011-11-07 2016-03-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kommunikationsverfahren und Kommunikationseinrichtung für die Prozessindustrie
US20140074303A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Kevin M. Haynes Two-wire transmitter terminal power diagnostics
JP6098513B2 (ja) * 2012-10-23 2017-03-22 日本精工株式会社 トルク検出装置、電動パワーステアリング装置及び車両
DE102012223706A1 (de) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Feldgerät mit einem Analogausgang
DE102014101945A1 (de) 2013-12-23 2015-06-25 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Messumformer mit Überwachungsfunktion
US10367612B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2019-07-30 Rosemount Inc. Process variable transmitter with self-learning loop diagnostics

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2613463A2 (de) 2012-01-09 2013-07-10 Krohne Messtechnik GmbH Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Transmitters und entsprechender Transmitter
DE102012000187A1 (de) 2012-01-09 2013-07-11 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Transmitters und entsprechender Transmitter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070073523A1 (en) 2007-03-29
WO2003060851A1 (de) 2003-07-24
CN100407244C (zh) 2008-07-30
AU2002358775A1 (en) 2003-07-30
JP4393873B2 (ja) 2010-01-06
JP2005515567A (ja) 2005-05-26
US7139683B2 (en) 2006-11-21
DE10202028A1 (de) 2003-07-24
US7539600B2 (en) 2009-05-26
RU2004125153A (ru) 2005-04-20
CN1615497A (zh) 2005-05-11
ATE446561T1 (de) 2009-11-15
EP1466308A1 (de) 2004-10-13
US20050149295A1 (en) 2005-07-07
DE50213952D1 (de) 2009-12-03
RU2280901C2 (ru) 2006-07-27

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