EP1458275A1

EP1458275A1 - Movement reversal device, particularly for a dishwasher

Info

Publication number: EP1458275A1
Application number: EP02781329A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Claus KÖTHER; Roland Ertle; Michael Rosenbauer
Original assignee: BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Current assignee: BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date: 2001-12-21
Filing date: 2002-11-25
Publication date: 2004-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-25
Also published as: CN100522041C; EP1458275B1; ES2434492T3; JP2005512659A; JP4625256B2; US20050011546A1; DE10163181A1; WO2003053210A1; KR20040068594A; CN1606419A; AU2002349044A1

Abstract

Disclosed is a movement reversal device, especially for a dishwasher comprising a washing receptacle which is provided with at least two spraying devices impinging upon goods to be washed that are disposed in the washing receptacle by means of fluid transported via a circulating pump. Said transported fluid flows through a movement reversal device comprising at least two outlets for feeding different spraying devices with the fluid. Said outlets can be opened or closed in such a way by means of a positioning element that one or several or all outlets are open or closed one after another and/or continuously. In order to produce the inventive movement reversal device in such a way that the actions of the electronically regulated revolution speed of the circulating pump can be replaced in a simple manner, whereby the disadvantages known in prior art are overcome, the positioning element (21, 21') is provided with at least one opening (22) with a diameter that is different from the diameter of at least one other opening (23, 24).

Description

Reversing device, especially for a dishwasher

The invention relates to a reversing device, in particular for a dishwasher with a washing container with at least two spray devices which act on the items to be cleaned which are arranged in the washing container by means of a liquid conveyed by a circulating pump, the conveyed liquid flowing through a reversing device, and at least the reversing device has two outlets for supplying the liquid to different spraying devices, which can be opened or closed by means of an actuating element such that either one of the outlets or a number of outlets or all outlets are alternately opened and / or continuously opened or closed.

From DE-198 57 103-A1, a reversing device of the type mentioned at the outset is known, in which the actuating element is a rotary slide valve which is arranged in a continuous-flow heater and which, in the direction of circulation, alternately has a closed area, between which there is an open area there is an empty space. The aforementioned open area is a circular opening.

The rotary slide valve from DE-198 57 103-A1 can be controlled, for example, using an actuator device known from DE-10065571.8 (DE-100 65 571-A1), which includes a motor-driven cam disk that is firmly connected to the rotary slide valve.

From DE-119 07 158-A1 it is known that the speed of the circulation pump can be regulated, whereby DE-199 07 188-A1 proposes, in order to avoid increased noise when changing the spraying devices, the speed of the circulation pump when changing to reduce the spray devices and, in the already mentioned DE-198 57 103-A1 and also in DE-199 07 157-A1, the speed of the circulation pump is higher when a lower spray device is operated than when an upper spray device is operated in order to to ensure full use of the filled amount of liquid. The electronic control of the speed of the circulation pump is complex, expensive. At reduced speed, a higher noise level is generated than at normal speed.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a reversing device with which the effects of electronic regulation of the speed of the circulating pump can be replaced in a simple manner, and the disadvantages of the prior art listed above are thus avoided.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the actuating element has at least one opening with different cross sections compared to at least one further opening.

Through at least one smaller opening, a possibility is created in a simple manner to convey a smaller amount of liquid to a desired spraying device, which corresponds to the effect of reducing the speed of the circulation pump according to the previously described prior art. With at least a larger opening, a possibility is created in a simple manner to convey a larger amount of liquid to a desired spraying device, which corresponds to the effect of an increase in the speed of the circulation pump compared to the aforementioned reduced speed of the circulation pump according to the previously described prior art. The effects of electronic control of the speed of the circulation pump can thus be replaced by simple mechanical means. With the invention it has been possible to create a reversing device of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which the effects of electronic regulation of the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art can be replaced in a simple manner and thus the disadvantages of the prior art listed above be avoided.

According to a preferred feature of the invention, the at least one opening with different cross sections has a significantly smaller cross section than the at least one further opening. With this measure, the possibility of replacing a substantial reduction in the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art is created in a simple manner. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the opening with the substantially smaller cross section compared to the at least one further opening serves for supplying the liquid to an upper spray device. The significant reduction in the speed of the circulation pump carried out according to the prior art serves to lower the operating point of the circulation pump to such an extent that it reduces the amount of liquid available for circulation due to the amount of liquid present in the longer supply of liquid to the upper spray device - the so-called dead water amount can be operated without dry running. Through the opening associated with the supply of the liquid to an upper spray device with the substantially smaller cross-section compared to the at least one further opening, a replacement of the above-described substantial reduction in the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art is created in a simple manner.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the actuating element is a disk which has at least one opening with the substantially smaller cross section than the at least one further opening. The design of the reversing device according to the invention as a disk is the simplest way of implementing the reversing device according to the invention.

The at least one larger opening expediently serves essentially to supply the liquid to a lower spray device, but alternatively it can also serve to supply the liquid to the upper spray device. The opening associated with the supply of the liquid to a lower spray device with the substantially larger cross-section compared to the at least one smaller opening provides a simple way of replacing the above-described substantial increase in the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art. When setting the reversing device mentioned in the introduction, in which all the outputs are alternately opened one after the other and / or continuously, it is not necessary to replace the reduction in the speed of the circulating pump according to the prior art, since there is sufficient liquid supply and dry running of the circulating pump cannot occur , With the use of the at least one large opening as an alternative also for the feed line to the upper spray device, a replacement of the above-described control of the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art is created in a simple manner. For the above-described application, in which all outputs of the reversing device according to the invention are alternately opened one after the other and / or continuously, two larger openings on the disc opposite one another are preferably used for simultaneously supplying the liquid to a lower and an upper spray device. The use of differently large quantities of liquid for the different operations of the spray device - only upper spray device - only lower spray device - both spray devices increases the variability in the washing program control.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, closed areas of the actuating element, which bear against the corresponding exits in the closed positions, each have a circumferential sealing edge which protrudes in the direction of the exits. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the smaller opening is also surrounded by a sealing edge which rises in the direction of the exits. With this measure, a complete sealing system at the corresponding outputs is guaranteed in a simple manner.

The invention is explained below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a household dishwasher in a schematic

Representation, Figure 2 is a sectional view of the side view of a water heater with a reversing device according to the invention, Figure 3 is a sectional view of the top view of the water heater with a preferred embodiment of the reversing device according to the invention according to the section lines III-III in Figure 2, Figure 4, the possible positions of the control element of the preferred embodiment the reversing device according to the invention and

Figure 5 shows the possible positions of the control element of the further embodiment of the reversing device according to the invention. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the reversing device according to the invention is explained in the application for a household dishwasher 1. The household dishwasher 1 (not explained in more detail) has a washing container 2, into which items to be cleaned (not shown), for example dirty dishes and cutlery, are usually filled into dish racks 3, 4. According to the invention, at least two spray devices, in the exemplary embodiments shown, two spray devices 5, 6 are arranged in the washing container 2, which act on liquid to be cleaned in the washing container 2. This liquid, usually called a washing liquor, is conveyed to the spraying devices 5, 6 by means of a circulating pump 7 in liquid feed lines 8, 9. The liquid conveyed in household dishwashers 1 is usually heated at least in a sub-program section of a washing program, for which purpose the household dishwasher 1 has a continuous-flow heater 10 in the exemplary embodiments shown. The liquid conveyed in the domestic dishwasher 1 is passed from the circulating pump 7 to an inlet connection 11 of the instantaneous water heater 10 and through the instantaneous water heater 10. The instantaneous water heater 10 has at least two outlet ports, namely a number of outlet ports corresponding to the number of spray devices or groups of spray devices operated simultaneously, in the exemplary embodiments shown two outlet ports 12, 13. From the outlet connections 12, 13 of the continuous-flow heater 10, the liquid is fed via the already mentioned liquid feed lines 8, 9 to the respective different spray devices 5, 6. The heating rods required for heating the liquid in the water heater 10 are designated by 16.

The conveyed liquid flows through a reversing device 20 which, in the exemplary embodiments shown, is arranged in the flow heater 10, for which purpose the conveyed liquid is passed from the circulating pump 7 to an inlet connection 11 of the through-flow heater 10, which is therefore also the inlet connection of the reversing device 20. The reversing device 20 has at least two outputs - in the exemplary embodiment shown, the two outlet ports 12, 13 of the continuous-flow heater 10 - for supplying the liquid to different spray devices 5, 6, respectively. These outlet connections 12, 13 can be opened or essentially closed in this way by means of an actuating element 21, 21 'of the reversing device 20 arranged in the flow heater 10 in the flow direction upstream of the outlet connections 12, 13 be that either one of the outlet nozzles 12, 13 or a number of outlet nozzles 12, 13 or all outlet nozzles 12, 13 are alternately open and / or continuously open or essentially closed. For this purpose, the adjusting element 21, 21 'of the reversing device 20, which is designed as a disk in the exemplary embodiments shown, is arranged in the flow direction in front of each outlet port 12, 13 of outlets 14, 15 of the continuous-flow heater 10. 3 and 4, one of the outputs 14, 15 of the instantaneous water heater 10 can be closed, and the control element 21 'in the further exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5 allows the two outputs 14, 15 to be alternately arranged one after the other and / or be constantly open or essentially closed.

According to the invention, the actuating element 21, 21 'has at least one opening 22 with a cross section that is different from the cross section of at least one further opening 23. This at least one opening 22 with a different cross section has a substantially smaller cross section than the cross section of the at least one further opening 23. Through at least one smaller opening 22, the invention provides a simple way of conveying a smaller amount of liquid to a desired spray device 5, 6, which has the effect of reducing the speed of the circulation pump 7 according to the prior art described at the outset equivalent. With an at least larger opening 23, 24, the invention provides a simple way of conveying a larger amount of liquid to a desired spray device 5, 6, which has the effect of increasing the speed of the circulation pump compared to the aforementioned reduced speed of the Circulation pump 7 corresponds. The effects of an electronic control of the speed of the circulation pump 7 can thus be replaced by simple mechanical means. With the invention it has been possible to create a reversing device 20 of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which the effects of an electronic control of the speed of the circulation pump 7 according to the prior art can be replaced in a simple manner and with the disadvantages mentioned at the outset of the prior art can be avoided.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, the opening 22 with the substantially smaller cross section - hereinafter referred to as the smaller opening 22 - is used compared to the at least one a further opening 23 - hereinafter referred to as larger opening 23 - for supplying the liquid to an upper spray device 5. The substantial reduction in the speed of the circulating pump, which is carried out according to the prior art, serves to lower the operating point of the circulating pump 7 to such an extent that it works with the the amount of liquid located in the longer supply line of the liquid to the upper spray device 5 - the so-called dead water amount - reduced amount of liquid available for circulation can be operated without running dry. The opening 22 associated with the supply of the liquid to an upper spray device 5 and having a substantially smaller cross-section than the at least one further opening 23 provides a simple way of replacing the above-described substantial reduction in the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art.

In the exemplary embodiments shown, the openings 22, 23 are arranged at right angles to one another on a circle with the same radius, indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 3. The arrangement of the openings on the same radius at right angles to one another creates a very simple possibility of controlling the reversing device. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the at least one larger opening 23 thus serves for supplying the liquid to a lower spray device 6, although this can also serve as an alternative for supplying the liquid to the upper spray device 5 in the case of special program sequences. The opening 15 associated with the supply of the liquid to a lower spray device 6 and having a substantially larger cross section than the at least one smaller opening 22 provides a simple way of replacing the above-described substantial increase in the speed of the circulation pump according to the prior art. When setting the reversing device mentioned at the outset, in which all the outputs 14, 15 are alternately opened one after the other and / or continuously, the replacement of the reduction in the speed of the circulating pump 7 according to the prior art is not necessary since there is sufficient liquid supply and a dry running of the Circulation pump 7 can not occur. With the use of the at least one large opening 23 alternatively also for the supply line to the upper spray device 6, a replacement of the above-described control of the speed of the circulation pump 7 according to the prior art is created in a simple manner In the further exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, two larger openings 23, 24 located opposite one another on the actuating element 21 '- the disk - serve for the simultaneous supply of the liquid to the lower spray device 6 and the upper spray device 5.

The closed areas of the actuating element 21, 21 '- the disc - which bear in the closed positions on the corresponding exits 14, 15 in a sealing manner are designated by 25 and each have a circumferential sealing edge 26 which protrudes towards the exits 14, 15 , The smaller opening 22 is also surrounded by such a sealing edge 26 (see FIG. 3). With this measure, a complete sealing system at the corresponding outputs 14, 15 is ensured in a simple manner.

The drive unit 30 is a motor 31, e.g. an electric motor, with a gear 32 shown only schematically in Figure 2, e.g. a gear transmission. The control element 21 is connected to the transmission 32 by means of a shaft 33 which is guided in the housing of the water heater 10. The motor 30 and the gear 32 are protected by a cover 18 seated on a raised edge 17 of the instantaneous water heater 10. The cover 18 also has bearing points for the gear 32, of which only a raised journal 19 is shown as a bearing for the shaft 33.

The function of the reversing device 20 according to the invention in the two exemplary embodiments shown is explained below:

The description of the function of the preferred embodiment of the reversing device 20 according to the invention with the actuating element 21 now follows first.

With the actuating element 21 of the preferred embodiment of the reversing device 20 according to the invention according to FIGS. 3 and 4, either one of the outputs 14, 15 is alternately opened one after the other and / or continuously or kept essentially closed.

If an alternate loading of the spray devices 5, 6 with the supply of a reduced amount of liquid to the upper spray device 5 is desired, then the connection of the motor 31 of the drive device 30 to the supply voltage is initiated by a program control unit of the household dishwasher 1, which is not explained in more detail, and the control element 21 begins to rotate clockwise, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4. As a result, one of the closed areas 25 of the actuating element 21 is rotated until it lies sealingly on the outlet 15 and the smaller opening 22 lies above the outlet 14. This corresponds to the position of the actuating element 21 in FIG. 4b. In this case, the supply of the liquid flowing through the continuous-flow heater 10 to the lower spray device 6 is interrupted and the supply to the upper spray device 5 is opened due to the smaller opening 22 with less liquid passage. The reversing device 20 remains in this position for an exposure time provided in the program sequence, in the exemplary embodiment shown about one minute. B. the actuator described in DE-10065571.8 (DE-100 65 571-A1), the rotational position of the control element 21 is determined and the program control device switches off the motor 31 for a predetermined duration, so that the respective rotational position of the control element 21 is via this Duration is held. When the spray devices 5, 6 are loaded alternately, the motor 31 then continues to rotate, so that after the actuating element 21 has been rotated by 90 ° in the exemplary embodiment, one of the closed areas 25 lies sealingly on the outlet 14 and the larger opening 23 lies above the outlet 15. This corresponds to the position of the adjusting element 21 in FIG. 4c. The supply to the upper spray device 5 is thus interrupted and the supply to the lower spray device 6 is opened with a larger liquid passage. The reversing device 20 now remains in this position again for an exposure time provided in the program sequence, in the exemplary embodiment shown about one minute. When the motor 31 is now continuously rotated to the position shown in FIG. 4b - in the exemplary embodiment shown above 270 ° - the output 15 opens only very briefly due to the rapid rotation of the actuating element 21, and then occurs opening the outlet 14 through the larger opening 23 (see FIG. 4d and then FIG. 4a) until one of the closed areas 25 for contacting the outlet 15 and the smaller bore 22 on the outlet 14 is again and the process continues as described above , As described at the beginning, alternate loading of the spray devices 5, 6 is used in particular to save water, the opening 22 of the actuating element 21, which is smaller according to the invention, Control device 20 of an intake of air according to the prior art with an unpleasant and undesirable noise development of the circulation pump 7 due to the lower liquid passage to the upper spray device 4, so that the suction space of the circulation pump 7 is not emptied and thus a reduction in the speed of the circulation pump 7 as is not necessary in the prior art.

If, however, alternate loading of the spray devices 5, 6 with a non-throttled liquid supply to the upper spray device 5 is desired, then the actuating element 21 is rotated until one of the closed areas 25 of the actuating element 21 lies sealingly on the outlet 15 and the larger opening 23 is located above exit 14. This corresponds to the position of the actuating element 21 in FIG. 4a. In this case, the supply of the liquid flowing through the continuous-flow heater 10 to the lower spray device 6 is interrupted and the supply to the upper spray device 5 is opened due to the larger opening 23 with a non-reduced liquid passage. The reversing device 20 remains in this position for an exposure time provided in the program sequence, in the exemplary embodiment shown about one minute. When the spray devices 5, 6 are alternately charged, the motor 31 then continues to turn, but now, due to the rapid rotation of the actuating element 21, the outlet 14 is opened further through the smaller opening 22 (see FIG. 4b). , After the actuating element 21 has been rotated by 180 ° in the exemplary embodiment, one of the closed regions 25 lies sealingly on the outlet 14 and the larger opening 23 above the outlet 15. This corresponds to the position of the actuating element 21 in FIG. 4c. The supply to the upper spray device 5 is thus interrupted and the supply to the lower spray device 6 is opened with a larger liquid passage. The reversing device 20 now remains in this position again for an exposure time provided in the program sequence, in the exemplary embodiment shown about one minute. When the motor 31 is now continuously rotated to the position according to FIG. 4a - in the exemplary embodiment shown again over 180 ° - until then one of the closed areas 25 for contacting the outlet 15 and the larger bore 23 is located on the outlet 14 and the process continues as described above.

However, if a constant opening of only the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5 with a not reduced amount of liquid is desired - a so-called full one Upper basket rinsing - the sensor system described above is used to operate the motor 31 only until the larger opening 23 of the actuating element 21 has reached the outlet 14 for the outlet nozzle 12 to the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5, see FIG. 4a , and then to keep this position over the complete washing program, since the motor 31 is no longer operated.

If a constant opening of only the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5, but with a reduced amount of liquid - a so-called throttled upper basket rinsing - is desired, the sensor system described above is used to operate the motor 31 only until the larger opening 23 of the Control element 21 has only partially opened the outlet 14 for the outlet nozzle 12 to the liquid feed line 8 to the upper spray device 5, see FIG. 4d, and then to maintain this position through the complete washing program, since the motor 31 is no longer operated.

If, however, a constant opening of only the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5, but with the amount of liquid reduced during alternate operation - a so-called heavily throttled upper basket rinse - is desired, the sensor system described above is used to operate the motor 31 only as long as until the smaller opening 22 of the actuating element 21 has opened the outlet 14 for the outlet nozzle 12 to the liquid feed line 8 to the upper spray device 5, see FIG. 4b, and then to maintain this position through the complete washing program, since the motor 31 is no longer operated ,

It is of course also conceivable, as an alternative, to carry out a permanent opening of only the liquid feed line 9 to the lower spray device 6. For this, with the sensor system described above, the motor 31 would only be operated until the larger opening 23 of the actuating element 21 has reached the outlet 15 for the outlet nozzle 13 to the liquid feed line 9 to the lower spray device 6, see FIG. 4c, and then would there the motor 31 would no longer be operated, retain this position throughout the entire washing program.

Simultaneous operation of both spray devices 5, 6 without changing between them by simultaneous supply of the liquid - the so-called two-basket rinsing - is in the case of this preferred embodiment of the reversing device 20 according to the invention is not provided.

The description of the function of the further embodiment of the reversing device 20 according to the invention with the actuating element 21 'now follows.

5, either one of the outputs 14, 15 or both outputs 14, 15 are alternately opened one after the other and / or continuously or kept essentially closed.

If an alternate loading of the spray devices 5, 6 is desired, the connection of the motor 31 of the drive device 30 to the supply voltage is initiated by a program control device of the household dishwasher 1, which is not explained in detail, and the control element 21 'begins, as with an arrow in Figure 5 indicated to rotate clockwise. As a result, one of the closed regions 25 of the actuating element 21 ′ is rotated until it lies sealingly on the outlet 15 and the smaller opening 22 lies above the outlet 14. This corresponds to the position of the actuating element 21 in FIG. 5a. In this case, the supply of the liquid flowing through the continuous-flow heater 10 to the lower spray device 6 is interrupted and the supply to the upper spray device 5 is opened. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the reversing device 20 remains in this position for about one minute, the rotational position of the actuating element 21 being determined by means of a sensor system not described in more detail and the motor 31 being switched off via the program control device for a predetermined duration, so that the respective rotational position of the actuating element 21 'is held over this period. When the motor 31 then continues to rotate to the position according to FIG. 5 c - in the exemplary embodiment shown over 180 ° - in which one of the closed areas 25 lies sealingly on the outlet 14 and the smaller opening 22 lies above the outlet 15, it now occurs , but only very briefly due to the rapid rotation of the actuating element 21 ', for opening both outlets 14, 15 through the larger openings 23, 24 (see FIG. 5d). In the position of the adjusting element 21 'according to FIG. 5c, the feed to the upper spray device 5 is interrupted and the feed to the lower spray device 6 is opened. The reversing device 20 remains in this position in the exemplary embodiment shown now again about a minute. When the motor 31 continues to rotate to the position according to FIG. 5a - in the exemplary embodiment shown over 180 ° - in which one of the closed areas 25 lies sealingly on the outlet 15 and the smaller opening 22 lies above the outlet 14, it now occurs again, but only very briefly due to the rapid rotation of the actuating element 21, for opening both outlets 14, 15 through the larger openings 23, 24 (see FIG. 5d). In the position of the adjusting element 21 'according to FIG. 5a, the feed to the lower spray device 6 is interrupted and the feed to the upper spray device 5 is opened. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the reversing device 20 now remains in this position for about one minute, then the process is continued as described above.

However, if a constant opening of only the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5 is desired - a so-called throttled upper basket rinsing - the sensor system described above is used to operate the motor 31 only until the smaller opening 22 of the control element 21 'has the exit 14 for the outlet nozzle 12 to the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5, see FIG. 5a, and then to maintain this position through the complete washing program, since the motor 31 is no longer operated.

If a constant opening of only the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5, but with a further reduced amount of liquid - a so-called throttled upper basket rinsing - is desired, the sensor system described above is used to operate the motor 31 only until the smaller opening 22 of the actuating element 21 'has only partially opened the outlet 14 for the outlet nozzle 12 to the liquid supply line 8 to the upper spray device 5, see FIG. 5d, and then to maintain this position through the complete washing program since the motor 31 is no longer operating is operated.

A so-called full upper basket rinsing is not provided in this further embodiment.

If a permanent opening of only the liquid feed line 9 to the lower spray device 6 were now desired, the sensor system described above would only be used to operate the motor 31 until the smaller opening 22 of the actuating element 21 ' has reached the exit 15 for the outlet connection 13 to the liquid feed line 9 to the lower spray device 6, see FIG. 5c, and then to maintain this position through the complete washing program, since the motor 31 is no longer operated.

If, in the further embodiment of the reversing device 20 according to the invention, the uninterrupted operation of both spray devices 5, 6 is desired, the position of the openings 23 and 24 on the adjusting element 21 'to both outputs 14, 15 can be determined again by means of the sensor system described above (see FIG. 5b ) and maintain this position throughout the entire washing program, since the motor 31 is no longer operated. The filling quantity with rinsing liquid is increased accordingly.

Claims

claims

1. Reversing device, in particular for a dishwasher with a washing container with at least two spray devices, the items to be cleaned which are arranged in the washing container and are conveyed by a circulation pump

Apply liquid, the conveyed liquid flows through a reversing device, and wherein the reversing device has at least two outlets for supplying the liquid to different spraying devices, which can be opened or closed by means of an actuating element such that either one of the outlets or a number of

Exits or all exits are alternately opened and / or continuously opened or closed, characterized in that the adjusting element (21, 21 ') has at least one opening (22) with a cross section which is different from the cross section of at least one further opening (23, 24) ,

2. Reversing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one opening (22) with a different cross section compared to the cross section of the at least one further opening (23, 24) has a substantially smaller cross section.

3. Reversing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening (22) with the substantially smaller cross section compared to the at least one further opening (23, 24) for supplying the liquid to an upper one

Spray device (5) is used.

4. Reversing device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the adjusting element (21, 21 ') is a disk which has at least one opening (22) with the substantially smaller cross-section compared to the at least one further opening (23, 24).

5. Reversing device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one larger opening (23) is used essentially for supplying the liquid to a lower spray device (6), but alternatively also for supplying the liquid to the upper spray device ( 5) can serve.

6. Reversing device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two larger openings (23, 24) opposite one another on the disk serve for the simultaneous supply of the liquid to an upper spray device (5) and a lower spray device (6).

7. reversing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that closed areas (25) of the actuating element (21, 21 '), which lie in the closed positions at the corresponding outputs (14, 15) sealingly, in each case a circumferential, in Direction towards the exits (14, 15) projecting sealing edge (26).

8. Reversing device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the smaller opening (22) is surrounded by a sealing edge (26) projecting in the direction of the exits (14, 15).