EP1456922A1 - Abdichtvorrichtung und verfahren zur abdichtung - Google Patents
Abdichtvorrichtung und verfahren zur abdichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1456922A1 EP1456922A1 EP02774414A EP02774414A EP1456922A1 EP 1456922 A1 EP1456922 A1 EP 1456922A1 EP 02774414 A EP02774414 A EP 02774414A EP 02774414 A EP02774414 A EP 02774414A EP 1456922 A1 EP1456922 A1 EP 1456922A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- base body
- ceramic base
- sealing device
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
- H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
- H01T13/36—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
- H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs
Definitions
- the invention is based on a sealing device and a sealing method according to the type of the independent claims.
- hot assembly for example, in which the spark plug housing is heated to approximately 950 ° C. in the region of a shrink zone after the ceramic insulator has been introduced. In the meantime, the spark plug housing is pressed onto the ceramic insulator by applied forces. When the shrink zone cools down, tensile stresses develop in the spark plug housing compared to the ceramic insulator. Then the applied forces are withdrawn. In this way, the ceramic insulator is sealed gas-tight against the spark plug housing. Another method for gas-tight sealing of the ceramic insulator from the spark plug housing is achieved by a cold assembly method with a powder seal. The ceramic insulator is pressed into the spark plug housing together with a fine ceramic powder.
- the upper edge of the spark plug housing, via which the ceramic insulator was introduced into the spark plug housing, is then flipped over in a flanging process by means of axial forces, so that the spark plug housing also abuts the ceramic insulator at its upper edge and keeps it gas-tight in the spark plug housing.
- the sealing device according to the invention and the sealing method according to the invention with the features of the independent claims have the advantage that the ceramic base body has at least one circumferential groove on an outer wall, in the area of which the housing is pressed onto the ceramic base body in a form-fitting manner.
- the sealing device can be installed at room temperature.
- all common corrosion protection layers such as zinc, transparent chromate coating or corrosion protection lacquer, can be applied to the metallic housing before the sealing device is installed.
- the gas-tight seal is ensured solely by pressing the housing onto the ceramic base body in the region of the at least one groove.
- the ceramic base body can be covered with a smaller cross-sectional area and thus a smaller diameter can be realized. This is particularly advantageous for the use of the sealing device in a spark plug, a glow plug or a lambda probe, since this saves installation space in the cylinder head or in the exhaust system and is therefore available for other components, such as injection valves or cooling channels.
- the ceramic base body is at least partially soldered to the housing. In this way, the gas tightness of the sealing device can be increased.
- a particularly simple method for sealing the ceramic base body in the metallic housing is obtained if the ceramic base body is introduced into the housing essentially coaxially to the housing in a mechanical forming process in a first step and if a reduction or an ironing ring is applied in the second step an outer limit of the housing and is pressed in the radial direction into at least one groove in order to press-fit the housing in the area of the at least one groove on the ceramic base body in a sealing manner.
- This process requires little assembly and tooling.
- the reduction or ironing ring is also pressed tangentially to the at least one groove against the outer edge of the housing, while the ceramic base body is held in the housing against the tangential force.
- the housing in Area of the at least one groove pressed both radially and tangentially to the at least one groove against a boundary wall of the groove, so that a higher gas tightness of the positive connection achieved between the housing and the ceramic base body can be achieved.
- a further increase in gas tightness can also be achieved by heating the housing in the region of the at least one groove before the second step of positively pressing the housing onto the ceramic base body, so that it lengthens, and that after the second step the housing is cooled so that it contracts and tensile stresses are formed in the housing relative to the ceramic base body in the region of the at least one groove.
- This measure also increases the heat tightness of the seal formed between the ceramic base body and the metallic housing.
- Warm tightness is understood to mean tightness, in particular the gas tightness of the sealing device when heated.
- Another advantage is that the housing is heated to around 300 ° C. In this way, all common corrosion protection layers, such as zinc, transparent chromating or corrosion protection lacquer, can be applied before the sealing device or the ceramic base body is sealed in the metallic housing, without these corrosion protection layers reaching their melting point due to the heating.
- all common corrosion protection layers such as zinc, transparent chromating or corrosion protection lacquer
- Another advantage is that the ceramic base body is cooled during the heating of the housing. In this way, the temperature difference between the housing and the ceramic base body is increased, so that the tensile stresses that form after the housing has cooled be increased in the housing compared to the ceramic base body in the area of the at least one groove.
- FIG. 1 shows the process step essential for the sealing method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows the sealing device according to the invention formed by such a method.
- FIG. 1 denotes a sealing device, such as can be used for a spark plug, a glow plug or a lambda probe, for example.
- the sealing device is used in an engine compartment, for example in a cylinder head, whereas in the case of a lambda probe it is used in an exhaust pipe.
- the sealing device 1 comprises a ceramic base body 5, which has at least one circumferential groove 20 on an outer wall 15. According to Figure 1, nine circumferential grooves 20 are shown. Figure 1 shows the sealing device 1 to be formed in a longitudinal section.
- the grooves 20 are realized in the form of circumferential constrictions on the outer wall 15, which reduce the cross-sectional area or the diameter of the cross-section of the ceramic base body 5.
- the ceramic base body 5 is inserted or inserted into a metallic housing 10 along a longitudinal axis 45 of the housing 10.
- the ceramic base body 5 has a sealing seat 40, with which it comes to rest on a sealing ring 50 projecting inside the housing 10 when it is inserted into the housing 10.
- the ceramic base body 5 is now essentially coaxial with the housing 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis 45 in the housing 10 according to FIG. 1.
- the housing 10 has a circumferential outer edge 35 in the region of a lowermost groove 55 of the ceramic base body 5 facing the sealing seat 40.
- a reduction or ironing ring 30 is attached to this outer edge 35.
- the inner diameter of the reduction or ironing ring 30 extends from a value that is smaller than the diameter of the outer edge 35 to a value that is larger than the diameter of the outer edge 35.
- the ceramic base body 5 and the housing 10 are arranged essentially rotationally symmetrically and essentially have a circular cross-sectional or circular cross section. If the reduction or ironing ring 30 is placed on the outer edge 35 with its varying inside diameter as described and pressed against the outer edge 35 by a pressing force against the direction of insertion of the ceramic base support 5 in accordance with the direction of the arrow identified by reference numeral 55, then act on the ceramic base body 5 in the area of the grooves 20 radial and tangential forces.
- the radial forces are directed to the longitudinal axis 45 and thus to the grooves 20 and are thus perpendicular to the direction of the arrow 55.
- the tangential forces are tangent to the grooves 20 and thus in the direction of the arrow 55.
- the ceramic base support 5 is in the direction of insertion is identified in FIG. 1 by the reference symbol 60 and thus runs counter to the direction of arrow 55, pressed into the housing 10 and held in the housing 10 in the region of the sealing ring 50 and the sealing seat 40.
- the outer edge 35 is part of a highlight 65 on an outer wall 70 of the housing 10.
- the highlight 65 of the housing 10 extends essentially in the area in which the ceramic base body 5 inserted into the housing 10 has the grooves 20.
- the reduction or ironing ring 30 is displaced in the direction of arrow 55 against the insertion direction 60 starting at the outer edge 35 via the highlight 65 by means of corresponding pressure, so that the housing 10 in the area of the highlight 65 and thus the grooves 20 form-fit onto the ceramic base body 5 is pressed on. Due to the variable inner diameter of the reduction or ironing ring 30 as described, which also assumes smaller values than the diameter of the outer edge 35 and thus the highlight 65 as shown in FIG. 1, the highlight 65 is reduced to this smallest inner diameter of the reduction or ironing ring 30 , This is shown in FIG. 2, in which the positive connection formed in this way between the housing 10 and the ceramic base body 5 after the pressing is illustrated by reference numeral 75.
- the housing 10 nestles to a certain extent in the area of the grooves 20 against the boundary walls of the grooves 20.
- the connection formed between the housing 10 and the ceramic base body 5 in the region of the grooves 20 is also gas-tight, for example up to 20 bar.
- the described method for pressing the housing 10 onto the ceramic base body 5 in the area of the grooves 20 is a mechanical forming process.
- a tangential force like that of The embodiment according to FIG. 1 is shown by the direction of arrow 55, is then not applied in this alternative embodiment.
- a corresponding radial pressure however, a correspondingly gas-tight connection between the housing 10 and the ceramic base body 5 can also be realized in the region of the grooves 20, the housing 10 again being nestled against part of the boundary walls of the grooves 20, as shown in FIG.
- the radial and / or tangential forces described can alternatively or additionally also be realized by a magnetic shaping method in which a correspondingly strong magnetic field is formed in the region of the highlight 65 in a short time, so that the housing 10 is applied to the ceramic base body in the manner described 5 is pressed on.
- the housing 10 can now additionally be provided to heat the housing 10 before the second method step, particularly in the area of the highlight 65.
- the housing 10 is extended in the region of the highlight 65 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 45.
- the housing 10 can be heated before or after the insertion of the ceramic base body 5 into the housing 10. If the housing 10 is then cooled again after the second method step, it contracts in the area of the highlighting 65, so that 20 tensile stresses are formed in the housing 10 relative to the ceramic base body 5 in the area of the grooves. These tensile stresses increase the gas tightness formed by the magnetic and / or mechanical forming process described in the connection between the housing 10 and the ceramic base body 5 according to FIG. 2.
- This effect can also be increased if the ceramic base body 5 during the heating of the housing 10 is kept cool or cool.
- the temperature difference between the ceramic base body 5 and the housing 10 increases this increases, so that the tensile stresses formed after cooling of the housing 10 are further increased.
- the tensile stresses caused as a result of the heating of the housing 10 also lead to an increased heat-tightness of the sealing device, that is to say to an increased tightness when the sealing device is operated at high temperatures, as is the case, for example, with spark plugs, glow plugs or lambda probes.
- the housing 10 is advantageously heated to a temperature which is below the melting temperature of common corrosion protection layers, such as zinc, transparent chromating or corrosion protection lacquer. This has the advantage that the metallic housing 10 with the sealing device 1 prior to assembly
- Corrosion protection layer can be provided, which then does not melt when the housing 10 is heated to form the desired tensile stresses and is not destroyed thereby.
- Heating the metallic housing 10 to about 300 ° C. fulfills both the condition of forming the desired tensile stresses and this temperature is also below the melting temperature of all common corrosion protection layers.
- the gas tightness of the sealing device 1 formed by the described magnetic or mechanical forming process can also be increased by the ceramic base body 5 being at least partially soldered to the housing 10 in a third method step.
- This requires the use of a solder that covers both the metallic casing 10 and attacks the ceramic base body 5. This can be done with a silver solder, for example.
- the gas tightness is increased in particular by the fact that the ceramic base body 5 is soldered to the housing 10 in the region of the grooves 20, in the second step of the process using the magnetic and / or mechanical shaping method described and, if appropriate, the described warm installation, a seal between the ceramic base body 5 and the housing 10 was achieved.
- the number of grooves mentioned in the ceramic base body 5 can be chosen to be greater than or equal to 1 as desired.
- the ceramic base body 5 can be designed as an insulator of a spark plug and in this case is also referred to as a candle stone.
- the metallic housing 10 is then in this case a spark plug housing of the spark plug.
- the ceramic base body 5 can also be designed as a heating pin of a glow plug, the metallic housing 10 then being a candle housing of the glow plug.
- the ceramic base body 5 can also be designed as a base body of a lambda probe, the metallic housing 10 then being a housing of the lambda probe.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Spark Plugs (AREA)
- Measuring Oxygen Concentration In Cells (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10160301A DE10160301A1 (de) | 2001-12-07 | 2001-12-07 | Abdichtungvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abdichtung |
| DE10160301 | 2001-12-07 | ||
| PCT/DE2002/003625 WO2003055024A1 (de) | 2001-12-07 | 2002-09-25 | Abdichtvorrichtung und verfahren zur abdichtung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1456922A1 true EP1456922A1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
| EP1456922B1 EP1456922B1 (de) | 2009-08-26 |
Family
ID=7708480
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP02774414A Expired - Lifetime EP1456922B1 (de) | 2001-12-07 | 2002-09-25 | Abdichtvorrichtung und verfahren zur abdichtung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20050122024A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1456922B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2005513342A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1599968A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10160301A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2003055024A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008020509B4 (de) * | 2008-04-23 | 2010-02-25 | Beru Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Brennraumdrucks und eine solche Vorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2603200A (en) * | 1952-07-15 | Smrki plug construction | ||
| US1570320A (en) * | 1919-10-27 | 1926-01-19 | Albert E Serewicz | Spark plug and method of making same |
| US1452507A (en) * | 1920-06-10 | 1923-04-24 | American Car & Foundry Co | Rivet set |
| FR546535A (fr) * | 1922-01-30 | 1922-11-15 | Cie Generale Du Basalte C G B | Perfectionnements aux bougies d'allumage |
| US2543962A (en) * | 1947-10-01 | 1951-03-06 | Us Quarry Tile Company | Spark plug construction |
| US2478259A (en) * | 1947-10-01 | 1949-08-09 | Us Quarry Tile Company | Spark plug construction |
| US2942135A (en) * | 1958-01-31 | 1960-06-21 | Eli Ladenheim | Spark plug |
| US2870760A (en) * | 1958-02-21 | 1959-01-27 | George E Michaud | Temperature control device for spark plugs |
| US3196529A (en) * | 1962-09-28 | 1965-07-27 | Robert J Schwinghamer | Apparatus for securing objects together |
| US3967840A (en) * | 1975-03-13 | 1976-07-06 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Joint and process for forming same |
| GB1574804A (en) * | 1976-05-20 | 1980-09-10 | Chloride Silent Power Ltd | Metal-to-ceramic seals |
| DE2742098C2 (de) * | 1977-09-19 | 1983-01-13 | Rosenthal Technik Ag, 8672 Selb | Endoprothese mit einer Metall-Keramik-Verbindung |
| US4523872A (en) * | 1981-08-12 | 1985-06-18 | Grumman Aerospace Corporation | Torsion resistant grooved joint |
| US4405074A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-09-20 | Kulicke And Soffa Industries Inc. | Composite bonding tool and method of making same |
| DE3230388A1 (de) * | 1982-08-14 | 1984-02-16 | Karl Schmidt Gmbh, 7107 Neckarsulm | Verfahren zum verbinden einer in ein aus einem leichtmetallwerkstoff gegossenes bauteil fuer brennkraftmaschinen eingiessbare aus einem keramikwerkstoff bestehende einlage |
| DE3338672C1 (de) * | 1983-10-25 | 1985-03-28 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Einrichtung zur Zuendung brennfaehiger Gemische |
| FR2581804A4 (fr) * | 1984-03-23 | 1986-11-14 | Doletina Jean Pierre | Traversee a eclateur (electrode palpante serie automobile etanche) |
| JPS61111981A (ja) * | 1984-11-05 | 1986-05-30 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | セラミツク部品と金属部品との結合方法 |
| FR2574783B1 (fr) * | 1984-12-19 | 1991-07-26 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Dispositif d'assemblage d'un element ceramique a un element metallique, notamment pour turbo-surcompresseurs de moteurs a combustion interne |
| US4604785A (en) * | 1984-12-21 | 1986-08-12 | General Electric Company | Method of making fuel channel |
| CH667832A5 (de) * | 1985-04-10 | 1988-11-15 | Metoxit Ag | Verfahren zum kraftschluessigen verbinden eines zylindrrischen keramikteils mit einem aus eisenwerksstoff besstehenden flansch. |
| JPS61286501A (ja) * | 1985-06-12 | 1986-12-17 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | タ−ビンロ−タ−およびその製造法 |
| JPS63139075A (ja) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-10 | 日本碍子株式会社 | セラミックス・金属結合体およびその製造方法 |
| JPH02135649U (de) * | 1989-04-12 | 1990-11-13 | ||
| DE9017086U1 (de) * | 1990-09-03 | 1991-03-21 | Runge, Friedrich W., Pinetown | Für den Zylinderkopf eines Verbrennungsmotors vorgesehener Einsatz |
| JPH04370370A (ja) * | 1991-06-19 | 1992-12-22 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | 内燃機関の点火装置 |
| CH689342A5 (de) * | 1994-07-26 | 1999-02-26 | Optosys Ag | Näherungsschalter mit keramischer Stirnfläche und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. |
| DE29610802U1 (de) * | 1996-06-20 | 1997-10-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart | Zündspule |
| DE29703052U1 (de) * | 1997-02-21 | 1997-04-03 | Novopress GmbH Pressen und Presswerkzeuge & Co KG, 41460 Neuss | Preßgerät zum Verbinden von Werkstücken |
| US5839403A (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 1998-11-24 | Grant; Larry D. | Quick change plug |
| US5966813A (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1999-10-19 | Dana Corporation | Method for joining vehicle frame components |
| DE19853844A1 (de) * | 1998-11-23 | 2000-05-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrisch leitende Dichtmasse für Zündkerzen |
| US6247943B1 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2001-06-19 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Electrical connection for a spark plug and method of assembling the same |
| GB0127218D0 (en) * | 2001-11-13 | 2002-01-02 | Federal Mogul Ignition Uk Ltd | Spark plug |
| DE10205751B4 (de) * | 2002-02-12 | 2004-09-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Zündeinrichtung, insbesondere Zündkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen |
| US6817511B2 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2004-11-16 | Dana Corporation | Method for joining axle components |
| US6860013B1 (en) * | 2002-12-16 | 2005-03-01 | Dana Corporation | Method for joining suspension components |
-
2001
- 2001-12-07 DE DE10160301A patent/DE10160301A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-09-25 CN CN02824392.7A patent/CN1599968A/zh active Pending
- 2002-09-25 DE DE50213803T patent/DE50213803D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-25 US US10/498,040 patent/US20050122024A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-25 EP EP02774414A patent/EP1456922B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-25 WO PCT/DE2002/003625 patent/WO2003055024A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2002-09-25 JP JP2003555637A patent/JP2005513342A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO03055024A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20050122024A1 (en) | 2005-06-09 |
| WO2003055024A1 (de) | 2003-07-03 |
| DE10160301A1 (de) | 2003-06-18 |
| JP2005513342A (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
| DE50213803D1 (de) | 2009-10-08 |
| EP1456922B1 (de) | 2009-08-26 |
| CN1599968A (zh) | 2005-03-23 |
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