EP1447642B1 - Method for manufacturing a penetrator projectile with a jacket - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a penetrator projectile with a jacket Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1447642B1
EP1447642B1 EP03028331A EP03028331A EP1447642B1 EP 1447642 B1 EP1447642 B1 EP 1447642B1 EP 03028331 A EP03028331 A EP 03028331A EP 03028331 A EP03028331 A EP 03028331A EP 1447642 B1 EP1447642 B1 EP 1447642B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steel casing
metal core
heavy
heavy metal
steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03028331A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1447642A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Ortmann
Stefan Dr. Thiesen
Dieter Jungbluth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1447642A1 publication Critical patent/EP1447642A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1447642B1 publication Critical patent/EP1447642B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/78—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing of jackets for smallarm bullets ; Jacketed bullets or projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of a jacket penetrator consisting of a steel jacket and a heavy metal core.
  • the AT 383 979 B describes a process for the preparation of penetrators and a shell for carrying out the process.
  • the shell of a material of high toughness is hot (400 - 1100 ° C) mounted on the penetrator and then cooled.
  • the core consists of heavy metals, heavy metal alloys or heavy metal sintered composites.
  • the casing material used is steel, but preferably ductile tungsten heavy metal.
  • the CH 691 785 A deals with a composite arrow bullet with a heavy metal core.
  • the sleeve can be connected to the core by a threaded connection, by soldering or gluing the core in the sleeve, by means of a press or shrink fit, etc.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive method for producing a Mantelpenetrators, the structure of the heavy metal core and / or its breaking sensitivity is not or not significantly affected.
  • the invention is based essentially on the idea of initially heating the steel jacket to a temperature between 70 and 350 ° C., preferably to 150 ° C., then introducing the heavy metal core provided with a smooth surface into the heated steel jacket and finally cooling the steel jacket, so that after the shrinkage process results in an interference fit.
  • the steel jacket and the heavy metal core can also be glued together.
  • the breakage sensitivity of the heavy metal core is significantly reduced by reducing the notch effect.
  • the Mantelpenetrator produced by the process according to the invention can be delabored later in a simple manner.
  • the jacket of the penetrator is reheated and removed after appropriate widening of the heavy metal core, so that the individual parts can find a different use-
  • it is then possible to use another penetrator in the existing coat Wechselpenetrator.
  • This may be useful, for example, if the further development of penetrator technology is intended to use correspondingly improved penetrators or if, for example, e.g. due to a changed threat situation, the penetrator should serve other purposes.
  • the steel jacket is produced by powder metallurgy, since this is a very economical process. Because of the powder material In practice, the manufacturing geometry can be produced without subsequent mechanical treatment in a single step. In addition, a particularly precise coaxial position between the core and coat can be produced. Such Mantelpenetratoren therefore have a particularly trouble-free and pendulum-free flight phase.
  • 1 denotes a schematically illustrated wing-stabilized jacket penetrator. This consists of a tungsten heavy metal core 2, a powder metallurgically produced steel shell 3, which comprises a tubular main part 4 and a solid material consisting of rear part 5, on which a tail 6 is screwed, and a ballistic hood. 7
  • this jacket penetrator 1 To produce this jacket penetrator 1, first the tubular main part 4 of the steel jacket 3 is heated to a temperature of between 70 and 350 ° C., preferably of 150 ° C. Then, provided with a very smooth surface 8 heavy metal core 2 is introduced into the heated steel shell 3.
  • the inner diameter of the steel shell 3 and the outer diameter of the heavy metal core 2 have a tapering in the weft direction easily opening.
  • the steel shell 3 is cooled so that it shrinks on the heavy metal core 2.
  • the inner diameter of the steel shell 3 and the outer diameter of the heavy metal core 2 are chosen such that after cooling a sufficiently high force and positive connection between the steel shell 3 and the heavy metal core 2 results.
  • the tail 6 are attached to the rear part 5 of the steel shell 3 and the ballistic hood 7 with its abutting on the projectile body inner surface 9, for. connected by adhesive or by friction welding.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • a tip is incorporated on the front side of the heavy metal core on which the ballistic hood is conventionally applied as in the case of monolithic penetrators according to the prior art.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus einem Stahlmantel und einem Schwermetallkern bestehenden Mantelpenetrators.The invention relates to a process for the production of a jacket penetrator consisting of a steel jacket and a heavy metal core.

Aus der DE 22 34 219 C1 ist bereits ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mantelpenetrators bekannt, bei dem ein rohrförmiger Stahlmantel mit einem bruchempfindlichen Wolframkarbidkem mittels einer Gewindeverbindung verbunden wird. Als nachteilig hat es sich bei diesem Verfahren erwiesen, dass es einerseits sehr kostenintensiv ist und dass sich anderer seits durch das Aufbringen des Außengewindes auf den spröden Schwermetallkern dessen Bruchempfindlichkeit stark erhöht.From the DE 22 34 219 C1 For example, there is already known a method for producing a shell penetrator in which a tubular steel shell is bonded to a fracture-sensitive tungsten carbide core by means of a threaded connection. It has proved to be disadvantageous in this method that it is on the one hand very cost-intensive and on the other hand, by the application of the external thread on the brittle heavy metal core whose fragility increases greatly.

Aus der DE 39 11 575 A1 ist es ferner bekannt, den Stahlmantel durch Auftragsschweißen auf den Schwenmetallkern aufzubringen. Abgesehen davon, dass auch mit diesem Verfahren ein langer und kostenintensiver Fertigungsprozess verbunden ist, hat sich gezeigt, dass die Befestigung des Stahlmantels durch Auftragsschweißen infolge der Wärmeeinwirkung auf den Schwermetallkern dessen mechanische Werte und Struktur negativ beeinflussen kann.From the DE 39 11 575 A1 It is also known to apply the steel shell by build-up welding on the Schwenmetallkern. Apart from the fact that also with this method a long and cost-intensive manufacturing process is connected, it has been shown that the attachment of the steel shell by deposition welding due to the effect of heat on the heavy metal core can adversely affect its mechanical properties and structure.

Schließlich ist aus der DE 40 16 051 C2 bekannt, den Stahlmantel durch Drückwalzen auf den Schwermetallkern aufzubringen. Auch dieses Verfahren hat sich in der Praxis aufgrund verschiedener Nachteile nicht durchzusetzen vermocht. Insbesondere kann der mechanische Verformungsprozess zu einer Schädigung der Bauteile führen. Außerdem sind die zur Durchführung des Verfahrens erforderlichen Maschinen sehr kostenintensiv.Finally, out of the DE 40 16 051 C2 known to apply the steel shell by spin-rolling on the heavy metal core. Also, this method has not been able to enforce in practice due to various disadvantages. In particular, the mechanical deformation process can lead to damage to the components. In addition, the machines required to carry out the process are very expensive.

Die AT 383 979 B beschreibt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Penetratoren sowie eine Hülle zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. Die Hülle aus einem Material hoher Zähigkeit wird dabei heiß (400 - 1100 °C) auf den Penetrator aufgezogen und danach abgekühlt. Der Kern besteht dabei aus Schwermetallen, Schwermetalllegeierungen oder Schwermetallsinterverbundwerkstoffen. Als Hüllenmaterial wird Stahl, bevorzugt aber duktiles Wolframschwermetall verwendet.The AT 383 979 B describes a process for the preparation of penetrators and a shell for carrying out the process. The shell of a material of high toughness is hot (400 - 1100 ° C) mounted on the penetrator and then cooled. The core consists of heavy metals, heavy metal alloys or heavy metal sintered composites. The casing material used is steel, but preferably ductile tungsten heavy metal.

Aus der US 4,075.946 A ist ein Durchschlaggeschoss bestehend aus zwei wesentlichen Teilen, einer Hülle und einem ein hohes spezifisches Gewicht aufweisenden und vom Mantel umhüllten Geschosskern bekannt. Der Kern selbst besteht aus Wolfram und / oder einer Wolframlegierung.From the US 4,075,946 A is a breakthrough projectile consisting of two essential parts, a shell and a high specific gravity and shell-coated bullet core known. The core itself consists of tungsten and / or a tungsten alloy.

Die CH 691 785 A beschäftigt sich mit einem Verbund- Pfeilgeschoss mit einem Schwermetallkern. Die Hülse kann mit dem Kern durch eine Gewindeverbindung, durch Einlöten oder Einkleben des Kerns in die Hülse, mittels eines Press- bzw. Schrumpfsitzes etc. verbunden sein.The CH 691 785 A deals with a composite arrow bullet with a heavy metal core. The sleeve can be connected to the core by a threaded connection, by soldering or gluing the core in the sleeve, by means of a press or shrink fit, etc.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein einfaches und kostengünstiges Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mantelpenetrators anzugeben, wobei die Struktur des Schwermetallkerns und / oder dessen Bruchempfindlichkeit nicht oder nicht wesentlich beeinflusst wird.The invention has for its object to provide a simple and inexpensive method for producing a Mantelpenetrators, the structure of the heavy metal core and / or its breaking sensitivity is not or not significantly affected.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung beruht im Wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, den Stahlmantel zunächst auf eine Temperatur zwischen 70 und 350 °C, vorzugsweise auf 150 °C, zu erwärmen, dann den mit einer glatten Oberfläche versehenen Schwermetallkern in den erwärmten Stahlmantel einzubringen und schließlich den Stahlmantel abzukühlen, so dass sich nach dem Schrumpfungsprozess eine Presspassung ergibt. Zusätzlich können der Stahlmantel und der Schwermetallkern auch noch miteinander verklebt werden.The invention is based essentially on the idea of initially heating the steel jacket to a temperature between 70 and 350 ° C., preferably to 150 ° C., then introducing the heavy metal core provided with a smooth surface into the heated steel jacket and finally cooling the steel jacket, so that after the shrinkage process results in an interference fit. In addition, the steel jacket and the heavy metal core can also be glued together.

Durch die Verwendung eines glatten Schwermetallkerns wird die Bruchempfindlichkeit des Schwermetallkerns durch Herabsetzung der Kerbwirkung wesentlich verringert.By using a smooth heavy metal core, the breakage sensitivity of the heavy metal core is significantly reduced by reducing the notch effect.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellte Mantelpenetrator später auf einfache Weise delaboriert werden. Hierzu wird der Mantel des Penetrators wieder erwärmt und nach entsprechendem Aufweiten von dem Schwermetallkern entfernt, so dass die einzelnen Teile eine andere Verwendung finden können- Insbesondere ist es dann möglich, in den vorhandenen Mantel einen anderen Penetrator einzusetzen (Wechselpenetrator). Dieses kann beispielsweise dann zweckmäßig sein, wenn durch die Weiterentwicklung der Penetratortechnologie entsprechend verbesserte Penetratoren eingesetzt werden sollen oder wenn, z.B. aufgrund einer geänderten Bedrohungslage, der Penetrator anderen Zwecken dienen soll.Advantageously, the Mantelpenetrator produced by the process according to the invention can be delabored later in a simple manner. For this purpose, the jacket of the penetrator is reheated and removed after appropriate widening of the heavy metal core, so that the individual parts can find a different use- In particular, it is then possible to use another penetrator in the existing coat (Wechselpenetrator). This may be useful, for example, if the further development of penetrator technology is intended to use correspondingly improved penetrators or if, for example, e.g. due to a changed threat situation, the penetrator should serve other purposes.

Als vorteilhaft hat es sich erwiesen, wenn der Stahlmantel pulvermetallurgisch hergestellt wird, da es sich hierbei um ein sehr wirtschaftliches Verfahren handelt. Denn aus dem Pulverwerkstoff kann praktisch in einem Arbeitsschritt die Fertigungsgeometrie ohne anschließende mechanische Behandlung hergestellt werden. Außerdem ist eine besonders präzise koaxiale Lage zwischen Kern und Mantel herstellbar. Derartige Mantelpenetratoren weisen daher eine besonders störungsfreie und pendelfreie Flugphase auf.It has proven to be advantageous if the steel jacket is produced by powder metallurgy, since this is a very economical process. Because of the powder material In practice, the manufacturing geometry can be produced without subsequent mechanical treatment in a single step. In addition, a particularly precise coaxial position between the core and coat can be produced. Such Mantelpenetratoren therefore have a particularly trouble-free and pendulum-free flight phase.

Allerdings ist es auch möglich, den Stahlmantel durch Bearbeiten eines entsprechenden Vollmaterials herzustellen.However, it is also possible to produce the steel shell by processing a corresponding solid material.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus dem folgenden anhand einer Figur erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiel.Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following with reference to a figure illustrated embodiment.

In der Fig. ist mit 1 ein schematisch dargestellter flügelstabilisierter Mantelpenetrator bezeichnet. Dieser besteht aus einem Wolfram-Schwermetallkern 2, einem pulvermetallurgisch hergestellten Stahlmantel 3, der ein rohrförmiges Hauptteil 4 und ein aus Vollmaterial bestehendes Heckteil 5 umfaßt, auf welches ein Leitwerk 6 aufgeschraubt ist, sowie einer ballistischen Haube 7.In the figure, 1 denotes a schematically illustrated wing-stabilized jacket penetrator. This consists of a tungsten heavy metal core 2, a powder metallurgically produced steel shell 3, which comprises a tubular main part 4 and a solid material consisting of rear part 5, on which a tail 6 is screwed, and a ballistic hood. 7

Zur Herstellung dieses Mantelpenetrators 1 wird zunächst das rohrförmige Hauptteil 4 des Stahlmantels 3 auf eine Temperatur zwischen 70 und 350 °C, vorzugsweise von 150 °C, erwärmt. Dann wird der mit einer sehr glatten Oberfläche 8 versehene Schwermetallkern 2 in den erwärmten Stahlmantel 3 eingebracht.To produce this jacket penetrator 1, first the tubular main part 4 of the steel jacket 3 is heated to a temperature of between 70 and 350 ° C., preferably of 150 ° C. Then, provided with a very smooth surface 8 heavy metal core 2 is introduced into the heated steel shell 3.

Um ein leichtes und schnelles Einführen des Schwermetallkerns in den Stahlmantel zu ermöglichen, hat es sich als zweckmäßig erwiesen, wenn der Innendurchmesser des Stahlmantels 3 und der Außendurchmesser des Schwermetallkerns 2 einen sich in Schußrichtung leicht öffnenden konischen Verlauf aufweisen.In order to enable a quick and easy insertion of the heavy metal core in the steel shell, it has proved to be expedient if the inner diameter of the steel shell 3 and the outer diameter of the heavy metal core 2 have a tapering in the weft direction easily opening.

Anschließend wird der Stahlmantel 3 abgekühlt, so daß dieser auf den Schwermetallkern 2 aufschrumpft. Dabei sind der Innendurchmesser des Stahlmantels 3 und der Außendurchmesser des Schwermetallkerns 2 derart gewählt, daß sich nach dem Abkühlvorgang eine ausreichend hohe Kraft- und Formschlußverbindung zwischen dem Stahlmantel 3 und dem Schwermetallkern 2 ergibt.Subsequently, the steel shell 3 is cooled so that it shrinks on the heavy metal core 2. The inner diameter of the steel shell 3 and the outer diameter of the heavy metal core 2 are chosen such that after cooling a sufficiently high force and positive connection between the steel shell 3 and the heavy metal core 2 results.

Schließlich werden das Leitwerk 6 an dem Heckteil 5 des Stahlmantels 3 befestigt und die ballistische Haube 7 mit ihrer an dem Geschoßkörper anliegenden Innenfläche 9 z.B. mittels Klebstoff oder durch Reibschweißen verbunden.Finally, the tail 6 are attached to the rear part 5 of the steel shell 3 and the ballistic hood 7 with its abutting on the projectile body inner surface 9, for. connected by adhesive or by friction welding.

Die Erfindung ist selbstverständlich nicht auf das vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt. So kann z.B. vorgesehen sein, daß an den Schwermetallkern vorderseitig eine Spitze eingearbeitet ist, auf welcher die ballistische Haube wie bei monolithischen Penetratoren nach dem Stand der Technik konventionell aufgebracht wird.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, it may be provided that a tip is incorporated on the front side of the heavy metal core on which the ballistic hood is conventionally applied as in the case of monolithic penetrators according to the prior art.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
MantelpenetratorMantelpenetrator
22
SchwermetallkernHeavy metal core
33
Stahlmantelsteel jacket
44
HauptteilBulk
55
Heckteiltail section
66
Leitwerktail
77
ballistische Haubeballistic hood
88th
Oberfläche (Schwermetallkern)Surface (heavy metal core)
99
Innenfläche (ballistische Haube)Inner surface (ballistic hood)

Claims (6)

  1. Method for production of a casing penetrator (1), which comprises a steel casing (3) and a heavy-metal core (2), with the steel casing being heated, with the heavy-metal core (2), which is provided with a smooth surface (8), being introduced into the heated steel casing (3) and with the steel casing (3) being cooled down, with the internal diameter of the steel casing (3) and the external diameter of the heavy-metal core (2) being chosen such that after the cooling-down process, a force-fitting and interlocking connection is produced between the steel casing (3) and the heavy-metal core (2), characterized in that the steel casing (3) is heated to a temperature of between 70 and 350°C.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the steel casing (3) is heated to a temperature of about 150°C.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the steel casing (3) and the heavy-metal core (2) are additionally connected to one another by means of an adhesively bonded joint.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the steel casing (3) is produced by means of a powder-metallurgical process.
  5. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the steel casing (3) is produced by machining a corresponding solid material.
  6. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the internal diameter of the steel casing (3) and the external diameter of the heavy-metal core (2) are chosen such that they have a conical profile which opens slightly in the firing direction.
EP03028331A 2003-02-12 2003-12-10 Method for manufacturing a penetrator projectile with a jacket Expired - Lifetime EP1447642B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10305721 2003-02-12
DE10305721A DE10305721A1 (en) 2003-02-12 2003-02-12 Process for producing a jacket penetrator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1447642A1 EP1447642A1 (en) 2004-08-18
EP1447642B1 true EP1447642B1 (en) 2008-10-15

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EP03028331A Expired - Lifetime EP1447642B1 (en) 2003-02-12 2003-12-10 Method for manufacturing a penetrator projectile with a jacket

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US20040158969A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1447642B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10305721A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2312715T3 (en)
IL (1) IL160293A0 (en)

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US8985026B2 (en) 2011-11-22 2015-03-24 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Penetrator round assembly
WO2019083819A1 (en) * 2017-10-26 2019-05-02 Spectra Technologies Llc Explosive ordnance cold assembly process
US11293730B1 (en) * 2016-06-14 2022-04-05 Douglas Burke Bullet projectile with enhanced mechanical shock wave delivery for warfare
US11073368B2 (en) * 2017-10-16 2021-07-27 Carl Edward Forsell Ceramic bullet tip to assist bullets in shattering glass
DE102019121112A1 (en) * 2019-08-05 2021-02-11 Ruag Ammotec Ag Projectile, method for producing a projectile, stamp for producing a projectile and method for rotationally securing a projectile core with respect to a projectile jacket of a projectile
US11087898B2 (en) * 2019-08-19 2021-08-10 Henry Crichlow Disassembly and disposal of munition components

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1447642A1 (en) 2004-08-18
DE10305721A1 (en) 2004-09-02
ES2312715T3 (en) 2009-03-01
US20040158969A1 (en) 2004-08-19
IL160293A0 (en) 2004-07-25
DE50310641D1 (en) 2008-11-27

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