EP1446810B1 - Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1446810B1
EP1446810B1 EP02783377A EP02783377A EP1446810B1 EP 1446810 B1 EP1446810 B1 EP 1446810B1 EP 02783377 A EP02783377 A EP 02783377A EP 02783377 A EP02783377 A EP 02783377A EP 1446810 B1 EP1446810 B1 EP 1446810B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aperture
ray radiation
radiation source
dimension
recording
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02783377A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1446810A1 (fr
Inventor
Albert Geisser
Bruno Rudolf Kezmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tecnostore AG
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Tecnostore AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tecnostore AG filed Critical Tecnostore AG
Priority to EP02783377A priority Critical patent/EP1446810B1/fr
Publication of EP1446810A1 publication Critical patent/EP1446810A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1446810B1 publication Critical patent/EP1446810B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
    • G21K1/04—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using variable diaphragms, shutters, choppers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a device according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • moving shutters for metering the amount of light
  • shutter shutter
  • the width of the aperture for varying the amount of light can be set differently.
  • diaphragms are known as collimators, which serve with constant dimensions to reduce the radiation dose produced but also according to US-A-4,773,087 be used to reduce the scattered radiation.
  • Collimators may also be adjustable to limit the irradiated area adapted to the object to be photographed. So in the US-A-4,122,350 a size-adjustable collimator for limiting the irradiated area in mammography is shown, wherein no relative movement between the object and the X-ray source takes place.
  • An adjustable collimator is known that can limit the height of the irradiated area in cephalometric panoramic exposures.
  • the width of the intersection of the cone and the plane of rotation is determined by a non-adjustable slot at the exit of the X-ray source. Perpendicular to the pivot plane, the cone of rays is limited by the height-adjustable collimator, with display bars indicating the limit in height.
  • An adjustable collimator is known which limits the irradiated area depending on the size of the film cassette used. In the recording mode shown, there is no relative movement between the object and the X-ray source. As a general rule In radiology, it is known to use collimators to confine the irradiated area and to represent the limited area for the control of the same on the object (patient) before the actual recording by means of visible light.
  • Collimators are also used to confine the X-ray radiation when using line detectors, such that only the radiation-sensitive line detector is irradiated.
  • line detectors such that only the radiation-sensitive line detector is irradiated.
  • raster screens are used to reduce stray radiation.
  • this method of reducing the stray radiation also simultaneously weakens the useful radiation, so that high doses of X-radiation must be used to produce a high-contrast image.
  • These ray patterns which are located between the object and the image, are constant in their dimensions. The recording of unwanted scattered radiation on the recording medium generally leads to a deteriorated useful signal / interference signal ratio during image acquisition and thus to a non-optimal image quality.
  • EP-A-0 223 432 For the purpose of equalizing the exposure of X-ray images, it is known to control a multiplicity of diaphragms by the patient body as a function of the attenuation of the X-radiation, with a plurality of detectors being arranged behind the patient for detecting the X-radiation intensity.
  • Out US-A-5,627,869 It is known to set the collimator in mammographic individual recordings so that the size of the X-ray cone is matched to the size of the breast compression disc and its distance from the X-ray source so that the X-ray cone covers the breast compression disc but does not extend beyond its edges. This is to reduce the scattered radiation.
  • the scattered radiation can be particularly well reduced, which increases the image quality. It has been shown in X-ray photography that the object size-dependent aperture leads to sharper images, which allow a better interpretation of the image of the object.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in plan, in which by means of an object-dependent adjusted aperture, the scattered radiation is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a device 1, by means of which an object 4 is transilluminated in order to produce on a receiving means 3 an image of the object 4.
  • the device 1 is, for example, an industrial or medical X-ray system, which illuminates a technical object 4, or a patient, and generates the image on an X-ray film or an X-ray plate 3.
  • the X-ray source 2 is an X-ray tube.
  • the X-ray source 2 which is arranged in a schematically illustrated housing, generates X-rays, their cones or otherwise differently shaped outline with the boundary lines 5 in the Figure is indicated.
  • the x-ray source 2 is located, for example, in a housing 10, which is closed by the aperture 6 to the object 4 out.
  • the panel can also be arranged separately, housing independent.
  • the diaphragm 6 has an opening 9, through which a part of the X-rays can escape through the aperture from the housing 10, while the rest of the X-rays is prevented by the diaphragm 6 from exiting the housing.
  • the object is placed so that it can be detected by the entire cone of rays, as it exits from the source 2 and is indicated by the lines 5.
  • the radiation emerging from the source 2 can be limited in a known manner by an only indicated collimator 2 ';
  • the lines 5 represent the already limited radiation, which may also extend only over a part of the object 4, if only this part is to be imaged or only this part is moved relative to the beam.
  • the opening 9 of the aperture 6 shown in section is set in any case in the aperture dimension, which corresponds to the direction of movement, as a function of the size of the object 4.
  • the width b of the aperture 9 is set, which is in the direction of movement (arrow A).
  • FIG. 1 schematically represented by two sensors 8, which measure the object 4, for example, contactless by an ultrasonic measurement or an optical measurement. Sensors may also be provided which contact the object to accommodate its dimension for the aperture setting.
  • the size of the Aperture 9 determined and adjusted for example by servomotors 7, which are operated by the controller 11.
  • One in the recording situation of FIG. 1 dimension of interest is the width B of the object, which is traversed by the relative movement in the direction of an arrow A.
  • the width b of the slot-shaped aperture opening of the diaphragm 6 is set in the present example.
  • the width b of the aperture is x times smaller than the width B of the object, where x is in the range of 10 to 100,000, so that the slot width is thus 10 times to 100,000 times less than the width B of the object.
  • the diaphragm aperture can also be chosen to be proportional to the width B of the part of the object. Further, preferably, the height of the slot opening of the aperture 6 corresponding to the height of the object 4, that is, the extension perpendicular to the plane of the object 4, set.
  • the same divider can be used as in the width setting, so that the slot height is also 10 times smaller to 100,000 times smaller than the height of the object 4.
  • the object 4 is then imaged accordingly by a limited by the object size dependent aperture X-ray, in which case the object and the imaging means or the X-ray plate 3 are moved together several times along the stationary and dimmed X-ray source 2, in each case correspondingly displaced in height, so that the image is produced strip by strip.
  • the object and the imaging means or the X-ray plate 3 are moved together several times along the stationary and dimmed X-ray source 2, in each case correspondingly displaced in height, so that the image is produced strip by strip.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a view of the diaphragm 6, wherein this according to FIG. 1 a slit with the slot 9 is.
  • This slot 9 can be adjusted in height h and its width b by means of movable diaphragm elements 12 and 13, which are displaceable relative to one another. This is done by the in FIG. 1 indicated actuating means, which may be motor, pneumatic or hydraulic actuating means.
  • Figure 3 shows a corresponding sectional view through the aperture 6 of FIG. 2 , wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the diaphragm can also be set differently in its depth t, for which purpose preferably also the depth T of the object is measured. A depth adjustment can take place in that several of the apertures are connected in series, as in FIG. 3 with a further aperture 6 'is merely indicated.
  • the use according to the invention of the diaphragm for reducing the stray radiation is possible for the entire spectrum of electromagnetic radiation.
  • the highest possible proportionality e.g. between 1: 10,000 to 1: 100,000.
  • the width of the aperture of the aperture to the micrometer range desirable.
  • the optimum ratio diaphragm: object can only be realized technically complex, e.g. just for apertures in the range of 10 to 100 microns. In this case, a lower proportionality is decreased, e.g. 1:10 or 1:50.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein like reference numerals as used in the previous figures denote like elements.
  • the aperture also shown cut is between the object 4 and the receiving means 3 arranged.
  • the object 4 and the imaging means 3 are moved past the stationary diaphragm 6 and the stationary X-ray source according to the arrows A.
  • this passing movement takes place several times with different shifted height positions of diaphragm and object.
  • the means 7, 8 and 11 are no longer shown, but are also present in the device.
  • the dimension of the diaphragm is also set here, which corresponds to the relative movement, in the present case again the width b proportional to the width of the object 4.
  • the beam 5 exits from the source 2, possibly through a collimator.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment in which in turn the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals and the means 7, 8 and 11 are not shown, but the X-ray source 2 and the diaphragm 6 according to the arrow A on the fixed object and the stationary imaging means 3 are moved past , Again, the image on the imaging means 3 line by line corresponding to the height of the slot of the diaphragm 6 can be generated.
  • FIG. 6 shows a corresponding embodiment, wherein, however, the diaphragm between the object 4 and the imaging means 3 is arranged. Also the aperture of the Figures 5 and 6 are each set in their slot width b according to the direction of the process of the diaphragm.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment in which two apertures 6 and 16 are provided with the openings 9 and 19, wherein the one aperture between the X-ray source and the object and the other diaphragm between the object and the imaging means 3 is provided.
  • the apertures are moved synchronously with the X-ray source 2 in order to scan the object line by line.
  • the aperture 9 is doing again in the width b set object-dependent, preferably this also takes place at the aperture 19th
  • a preferred application of the invention is in the medical X-ray technology and in the industrial X-ray technology for testing materials.
  • the tripod is a commercially available multistat with film cassettes or storage foils. On the tripod a panel with control is installed later.
  • the reduction of the scattered radiation can be calculated as a first approximation as a proportion, which results from the total irradiated area without aperture to the passage area of the aperture.
  • the number of passes is usually 1.
  • the time required for the linear movement in direction A depends on the size of the object and is practicable between 0.1 and 10 seconds.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Radiography Using Non-Light Waves (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Optical Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Recording Measured Values (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Circuits Of Receivers In General (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé d'enregistrement d'un objet (4) par reproduction au moyen d'une source de rayons X (2) sur un support d'enregistrement (3), en particulier un film, dans lequel l'objet est radiographié et, par enregistrement à travers au moins un diaphragme (6) et un mouvement relatif de l'objet d'une part, et du diaphragme et du support d'enregistrement et éventuellement de la source de rayons X d'autre part, l'objet est enregistré par sections en continu ou en discontinu, dans lequel la taille de l'ouverture de diaphragme (9, 19) dans au moins la dimension de l'ouverture de diaphragme, qui se situe dans la direction du mouvement relatif, est réglée en fonction de la taille de l'objet, caractérisé en ce que, comme taille d'objet, on tient compte du volume de l'objet ou de la surface de l'objet tournée vers les rayons X ou uniquement d'une dimension de cette surface, et en ce que la taille de l'objet est détectée au moyen d'un dispositif de détection, qui présente des capteurs mécaniques et/ou des capteurs optiques ou des capteurs à ultrasons (8) pour détecter le volume de l'objet ou au moins une dimension de l'objet, l'ouverture de diaphragme (9, 19) étant réglée en particulier avant ou au cours de chaque enregistrement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les rayons X (5) sont limités devant le diaphragme par au moins un collimateur (2').
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'objet (4) et le support d'enregistrement (3) sont déplacés devant la source fixe de rayons X (2) et le diaphragme fixe (6), dans lequel le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre la source de rayons X (2) et l'objet (4) ou le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre l'objet (4) et le support d'enregistrement.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la source de rayons X (2) et le diaphragme (6) sont déplacés devant l'objet fixe (4) et le support d'enregistrement fixe (3), dans lequel le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre la source de rayons X (2) et l'objet (4) ou le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre l'objet (4) et le support d'enregistrement (3) ou dans lequel un premier diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre la source de rayons X (2) et l'objet (4) et un second diaphragme (16) est aménagé entre l'objet (4) et le support d'enregistrement (3).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement relatif s'effectue dans le sens de la largeur B de l'objet et la largeur b de l'ouverture du diaphragme est réglée en fonction de la taille de l'objet et, éventuellement, également la hauteur h de l'ouverture du diaphragme.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement relatif s'effectue dans le sens de la hauteur de l'objet et la hauteur h de l'ouverture du diaphragme est réglée en fonction de la hauteur de l'objet.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6,
    caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur t du diaphragme est également réglée, en particulier, en fonction de l'épaisseur T de l'objet.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que la dimension d'ouverture du diaphragme par rapport à la dimension de l'objet est réglée dans une plage de 1:10 à 1:100 000, de préférence dans une plage de 1:100 à 1:100 000, mieux encore dans une plage de 1:1000 à 1:100 000 et, bien mieux encore, dans une plage de 1:10 000 à 1:100 000.
  9. Dispositif pour enregistrer un objet sur un support d'enregistrement (3) au moyen d'une source de rayons X (2), dans lequel le dispositif comprend au moins un diaphragme (6) et un moyen de déplacement pour un mouvement relatif entre un diaphragme (6) et un objet (4), dans lequel il est prévu un dispositif de réglage (7, 11) pour régler au moins une dimension d'ouverture de diaphragme et un dispositif de détection (8, 11) pour détecter au moins une dimension de l'objet, dans lequel le dispositif de réglage est relié au dispositif de détection de sorte que la au moins une dimension d'ouverture du diaphragme puisse être réglée en fonction de la au moins une dimension d'objet détectée et dans lequel la au moins une dimension d'ouverture réglable du diaphragme peut être réglée en direction du mouvement relatif, caractérisé en ce que, comme taille d'objet, on peut tenir compte du volume de l'objet ou de la surface de l'objet tournée vers les rayons X ou seulement d'une dimension de cette surface et en ce que le dispositif de détection présente des capteurs mécaniques et/ou des capteurs optiques ou des capteurs à ultrasons (8) pour détecter le volume de l'objet ou au moins une dimension de l'objet.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une source de rayons X (2), dont les rayons sont limités par au moins un collimateur (2').
  11. Dispositif selon la revendication 9 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un porte-objet (4') et en ce que le porte-objet, d'une part, et le diaphragme (6), d'autre part, peuvent être déplacés l'un par rapport à l'autre via les moyens de déplacement (7, 11).
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la source de rayons X (2) et le diaphragme (6) sont aménagés fixes dans le dispositif et en ce que le porte-objet (4') et le support d'enregistrement (3) sont en outre aménagés mobiles pour assurer le mouvement relatif, dans lequel le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre la source de rayons X (2) et le porte-objet (4') ou dans lequel le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre le porte-objet et le support d'enregistrement (3).
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le porte-objet et le support d'enregistrement (3) sont aménagés fixes dans le dispositif et la source de rayons X (2) et le diaphragme (6) sont en outre aménagés mobiles pour assurer le mouvement relatif, dans lequel le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre la source de rayons X (2) et le porte-objet, dans lequel le diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre le porte-objet et le support d'enregistrement (3) ou dans lequel un premier diaphragme (6) est aménagé entre la source de rayons X (2) et le porte-objet et un second diaphragme (16) couplé en mouvement au premier diaphragme est aménagé entre le porte-objet le support d'enregistrement.
EP02783377A 2001-11-22 2002-11-15 Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets Expired - Lifetime EP1446810B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP02783377A EP1446810B1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2002-11-15 Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP01127371A EP1315177A1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2001-11-22 Procédé et dispositif pour l'imagerie d'objets
EP01127371 2001-11-22
PCT/IB2002/004765 WO2003044807A1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2002-11-15 Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets
EP02783377A EP1446810B1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2002-11-15 Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1446810A1 EP1446810A1 (fr) 2004-08-18
EP1446810B1 true EP1446810B1 (fr) 2010-09-01

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EP01127371A Withdrawn EP1315177A1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2001-11-22 Procédé et dispositif pour l'imagerie d'objets
EP02783377A Expired - Lifetime EP1446810B1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2002-11-15 Procede et dispositif d'enregistrement d'objets

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01127371A Withdrawn EP1315177A1 (fr) 2001-11-22 2001-11-22 Procédé et dispositif pour l'imagerie d'objets

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US (1) US7372945B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1315177A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE479994T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2002347443A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE50214635D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003044807A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9566040B2 (en) * 2014-05-14 2017-02-14 Swissray Asia Healthcare Co., Ltd. Automatic collimator adjustment device with depth camera and method for medical treatment equipment

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3518435A (en) * 1967-11-24 1970-06-30 Philips Corp Automatic x-radiation collimating apparatus responsive to film cassette size
SU591239A1 (ru) * 1976-01-24 1978-02-05 Куйбышевский Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Авиационный Институт Им. Академика С.П.Королева Ультразвуковое коллиматорное устройство
US4122350A (en) * 1977-11-21 1978-10-24 Julius Lipthay Adjustable collimator for mammography
US4603427A (en) * 1983-12-16 1986-07-29 Alpern Michael C Collimator in a panoramic dental X-ray apparatus
DE3500812A1 (de) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Roentgendiagnostikeinrichtung mit halbtransparenter blende
CA1244971A (fr) * 1985-11-14 1988-11-15 Shih-Ping Wang Methode et systeme de radiographie aux rx
DE4210120C1 (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-08-05 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De X=ray appts. for peripheral angiography - calculates relative positioning of appts. and patient support using data derived from patient
US5244136A (en) * 1992-04-03 1993-09-14 Vincent Collaso Expandable water-proof pouch
US5224136A (en) 1992-06-30 1993-06-29 General Electric Company Helical scanning computed tomography apparatus with constrained tracking of the x-ray source
US5627869A (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-05-06 Thermotrex Corporation Mammography apparatus with proportional collimation
US5818902A (en) * 1996-03-01 1998-10-06 Elekta Ab Intensity modulated arc therapy with dynamic multi-leaf collimation
US6502984B2 (en) * 1997-01-17 2003-01-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Radiographic apparatus
US6055295A (en) * 1998-01-29 2000-04-25 Siemens Corporate Research, Inc. Method and apparatus for automatic collimation in x-ray peripheral imaging
US6496557B2 (en) * 2000-02-09 2002-12-17 Hologic, Inc. Two-dimensional slot x-ray bone densitometry, radiography and tomography
DE102005006895B4 (de) * 2005-02-15 2010-11-18 Siemens Ag Röntgendiagnostikeinrichtung sowie Verfahren zu deren Regelung

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Publication number Publication date
DE50214635D1 (de) 2010-10-14
ATE479994T1 (de) 2010-09-15
US7372945B2 (en) 2008-05-13
AU2002347443A1 (en) 2003-06-10
EP1446810A1 (fr) 2004-08-18
WO2003044807A1 (fr) 2003-05-30
EP1315177A1 (fr) 2003-05-28
US20050008122A1 (en) 2005-01-13

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