EP1445553A1 - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1445553A1 EP1445553A1 EP03290191A EP03290191A EP1445553A1 EP 1445553 A1 EP1445553 A1 EP 1445553A1 EP 03290191 A EP03290191 A EP 03290191A EP 03290191 A EP03290191 A EP 03290191A EP 1445553 A1 EP1445553 A1 EP 1445553A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- component
- exchanging heat
- particular according
- heat
- electrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
- F24H3/0429—For vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
- F24H3/0429—For vehicles
- F24H3/0435—Structures comprising heat spreading elements in the form of fins
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
- F24H9/1872—PTC
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for the exchange of Heat and in particular an electric heater.
- Such devices for the exchange of heat for example, to heat used by air in motor vehicles.
- Such an electric heater for heating in the interior a motor vehicle directed air has electrical heating elements and Heat conductor on, soft on the air to be heated flows past.
- electric Heating elements are preferably, but not exclusively, ceramic Heating elements with positive temperature coefficients (PTC heating elements) used.
- heating element within the meaning of the present invention is used an element or a group of elements understood by which electrical energy is converted into heat energy.
- Such heating elements may preferably have ceramic heating elements with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC heating elements). But there may be others Heating elements, such. B. resistance heating elements, plasma heating and / or the like.
- the heat emitted by the heating elements is transmitted by heat conductors, which executed for example in the form of corrugated ribs or fins are discharged to the air to be heated.
- the heating elements are preferably held in a receiving device, on which also control devices, such as power transistors or similar electrical switching or control elements attached could be.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a device to exchange heat that is designed to both the connection the electric heating elements with the voltage source as well Heat conduction between the PTC element and the air in a simple manner can be provided.
- the object is achieved by a device according to claim 1.
- An inventive device for exchanging heat in particular for a motor vehicle, has at least one heat exchanger assembly on.
- the heat exchanger assembly has at least a first component on which an electric current flows through and whose Temperature is dependent on a flowing through the component Stromes changes, as well as at least a second component, which from consists of two subunits, with the opposite poles of a Power source connected to a current flow through the first component to create.
- the first Component has on at least one surface a device which promotes the exchange of electrical and thermal energy.
- the first component is at least partially made of a material from a group of materials, in particular Produced plastics, which in particular PP (polypropylene) with carbon black, EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) with carbon black, PE (polyethylene), especially HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) or LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) or the like contains.
- PP polypropylene
- EVA ethyl vinyl acetate
- PE polyethylene
- HDPE High Density Polyethylene
- LDPE Low Density Polyethylene
- the surface is on the first component by one layer.
- This is particularly preferred Material of this layer is selected from a group of materials which Contains silver, aluminum, copper or the like.
- Preferably covered the layer is essentially the total area of a side surface of the first Component. As a side surface of the first component is doing an area understood, the surface normal substantially perpendicular to a Main flow direction of the circulating medium is.
- the devices are between the first component and the subunit of the second component to slats or Corrugated ribs that promote heat exchange with the surrounding air.
- These lamellae are preferably made of an electrically and / or thermally conductive material, such as. As aluminum, aluminum alloys or a similar material, manufactured.
- the slats or laminar ribs with a connecting element at least connected to the first component or the layer.
- This connecting element may be, for example, adhesive such as silicone or epoxy adhesives or similar materials.
- the first component preferably has a heating element with a positive temperature coefficient (PTC element).
- PTC element positive temperature coefficient
- the device has a receiving device, wherein particularly preferably the receiving device consists of a non-conducting Material, in particular of a non-conductive plastic, consists.
- this plastic is selected from a group, soft PVC (polyvinyl chloride), PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), Silicone and silicone derivatives, TPE (thermoplastic elastomers), Epoxy resins, thermosets, Teflon or the like.
- the first component consists of several components. Ingredient is preferred here, but not exclusively to understand a shift. It can be one of these ingredients or one of these layers may be a substrate on which a or multiple layers are arranged. One of these layers may be a PTC layering; another layering can be one Be layer of electrically conductive material. Particularly preferred is the thickness of the PTC layer in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 10 mm, between 5 ⁇ m and 5 mm and more preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 2 mm.
- the Curie temperature the PTC layer is preferably between 60 ° C and 250 ° C, more preferably between 90 ° C and 190 ° C and more preferably between 120 ° C and 160 ° C. Below Curie temperature is the temperature understood, above which ferromagnetic substances paramagnetized become.
- means are provided which the first component and that between a subunit of the second Attach component and the first component lying facilities. Under a fixture according to this invention is in particular a tension of the different components together Roger that.
- mechanical attachment such as. Screwing or riveting or other force, positive or cohesive connections into consideration.
- the invention further relates to a device for exchanging heat,
- a device for exchanging heat In particular, an air conditioning system for a motor vehicle, directed, which in at least one flow channel of the air conditioner at least one device for the exchange of heat of the type described above.
- an influx Flow channel used in particular multi-flow flow channels can be.
- This can be in a development of the inventive Device the different air flows of the multi-flow Flow channels in different and independent way be heated.
- compounds for at least two components provided which consist of a group of materials which In particular, contains adhesive, solder and the like.
- the electrical connection between at least one of the subunits of the second components and the power source independent of the connection between the others Subunits and the power source are interrupted and restored. In this way, the flow of current through individual first components be separately switched on and off, creating a control of Heating capacity of the device controlled to exchange heat, in particular the heating power can be regulated.
- the interruption and / or the recovery of the electrical connection between at least one of the subunits and the power source by mechanical switching devices, in particular Switch or relay.
- the individual Components be structured, wherein z. B. structuring Etching, embossing, sand blasting or erosion comes into consideration. To this Way, the contact area can be increased. This is under structuring understood that the surfaces of the relevant components are not are smooth but have grooves, depressions, patterns or the like.
- the heating elements are preferably not perpendicular to the main flow direction arranged the air, but at a predetermined angle with respect to the same.
- the predetermined angle is in its amount between 0 ° and 90 °, preferably between 0 ° and 45 °, and more preferably between 0 ° and 30 °.
- the heating element a preferred plastic whose specific resistance between 1 and 300 ohms * cm, preferably between 100 and 200 ohms * cm and more preferably between 150 and 170 ohms * cm.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device for exchange before heat according to the present invention.
- the reference numeral 1 refers on a substantially rectangular heating block, which a rectangular frame with four frame legs 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d having.
- the length I of the heat exchanger assembly is between 100 mm and 300 mm, preferably between 150 mm and 250 mm and particularly preferred between 190 mm and 220 mm.
- the width b of the heat exchanger assembly is between 30 and 170 mm, preferably between 70 and 130 mm and more preferably between 90 and 110 mm.
- the depth of the frame 2 is between 10 mm and 30 mm, preferably between 15 and 25 mm and more preferably between 18 and 22 mm.
- the height of the receiving device is between 10 mm and 40 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 35 mm and more preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
- this heating block 1 a plurality of heat exchanger assemblies are arranged. These heat exchanger assemblies have electrical as the first component Heating elements, preferably strip-shaped PTC heating elements 3. Under strip-like is understood that these elements in the substantially in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction perpendicular thereto extend, wherein the extension in the longitudinal direction is greater than the extension in the transverse direction. The expansion in a third direction, which is perpendicular to the first two directions, is much lower as the extension in the first two orientations. The transverse direction is also called the broadside of the element.
- the reference number 8 indicates a disposed within the heat exchanger assembly Well rib. Further, contact plates 5 are provided. These contacts are connected to different poles of a voltage source, what indicated by the plus / minus signs. It should be noted that on each heating element only one contact plate arranged immediately adjacent is. By immediately adjacent is meant that the spatial distance between the heating element and the contact plate essential is less than the thickness of the heating element.
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the heat exchanger assemblies.
- the reference numeral 5 again refers to a contact plate, wherein more of these contact plates 5 are present, which alternately with the different poles of a voltage source are connected.
- the Reference numeral 8 denotes between the heat exchanger assemblies arranged Corrugated fins.
- Reference numeral 3 denotes a heating element, which is preferably designed as a PTC element.
- Fig. 3 is a detail view of the assembly of FIG. 2 is shown.
- the reference number 8 refers to corrugated fins within the assembly.
- the reference numeral 14 refers to a connecting member to connect the corrugated fins 8 with the heating element 3.
- This connecting element can be an adhesive.
- adhesives for example insulating or even conductive adhesives, z.
- silicone or epoxy resins use. But there are also Solder as a connecting element into consideration.
- the heating element has a substrate lamella 13 on which at least two layers 15 and 16 are provided.
- the reference numeral 16 denotes a PTC layering as disclosed, for example, in PCT application WO018926.
- the density of this layering is between 1 .mu.m and 10 mm, preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 5 mm, and more preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 2 mm.
- the stratification can for example consist of a powder with defined electrical Resist, preferably, but not exclusively Barium titanate.
- the reference numeral 15 denotes a further layering. In this further stratification, it may, preferably, but not exclusively, to act as a layer of silver or copper, which serves a substantially constant resistance in the region of the layer 16 to guarantee.
- the substrate 13 is preferably electrical and / or thermal conductive and preferably has copper or aluminum.
- the surface of the substrate or one of the other layers can be structured to be better connected or better connected with the others To ensure layers.
- the connecting element 14 is preferably temperature resistant in a range of - 40 to + 180 degrees Celsius.
- other fasteners can be provided, for example, frames and springs, which the press individual elements of the heat exchanger assembly together.
- the PTC layer 16 of several different Build up stratifications.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Ansicht mehrerer erfindungsgemässer Wärmetauscherbaugruppen;
- Fig. 3
- eine Detailansicht einer Wärmetauscherbaugruppe aus Fig. 2.
5 µm und 5 mm und besonders bevorzugt zwischen 10 µm und 2 mm.
Claims (16)
- Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahzeug mit
mit wenigstens einer Wärmetauscherbaugruppe, wobei diese Wärmetauscherbaugruppe
wenigstens eine erste Komponente aufweist, welche von einem elektrischen Strom durchflossen wird, und deren Temperatur sich in Abhängigkeit des durch die Komponente fließenden Stromes ändert, und
wenigstens eine zweite Komponente aufweist, welche aus zwei Teileinheiten besteht, die mit den entgegengesetzten Polen einer Stromquelle verbunden sind, um einen Stromfluß durch die erste Komponente zu erzeugen.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
wenigstens eine der zwei Teileinheiten der zweiten Komponente von der ersten Komponente beabstandet ist und zwischen dieser Teileinheit und der ersten Komponente Einrichtungen vorgesehen sind, welche einen Austausch von elektrischer und thermischer Energie fördern und
die erste Komponente an wenigstens einer Oberfläche eine Einrichtung aufweist, die den Austausch elektrischer und/oder thermischer Energie fördert. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Einrichtung auf der Oberfläche der ersten Komponente eine Schicht ist. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
das Material der Schicht aus einer Gruppe von Materialien ausgewählt ist, welche Silber, Aluminium, Kupfer, Legierungen hieraus, Mehrkomponentenwerkstoffe oder dergleichen enthält. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Schicht wenigstens zwei Teilschichten unterschiedlichen Materials aufweist. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Schicht im wesentlichen die Gesamtfläche der Seitenfläche der ersten Komponente bedeckt. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Einrichtungen zwischen der ersten Komponente und der Teileinheit der zweiten Komponenten Wellrippen sind, die den Wärmeaustausch mit einem umströmenden Medium, bevorzugt Luft fördern. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die den Austausch von elektrischer und thermischer Energie fördernde Einrichtung zwischen einer Teileinheit der zweiten Komponente und der ersten Komponente insbesondere mittels eines Klebstoffes mit der ersten Komponente verbunden ist. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die erste Komponente wenigstens ein Heizelement mit positiven Temperaturkoeffizienten (PTC-Element) aufweist. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die erste Komponente aus mehreren Bestandteilen insbesondere Schichten besteht. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die erste Komponente ein Substrat aufweist, auf dem mindestens zwei Schichtungen angeordnet sind. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
wenigstens eine Komponente an wenigstens einer Oberfläche strukturiert ist. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens
einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Vorrichtung in einer Aufnahmeeinrichtung angeordnet ist. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
die Aufnahmeeinrichtung wenigstens aus einem nichtstromleitenden Material, insbesondere aus einem nichtstromleitenden Kunststoff oder Kompositkunststoff besteht. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens
einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
Einrichtungen vorgesehen sind, welche die erste Komponente und die zwischen einer Teileinheit der zweiten Komponente und der ersten Komponente liegenden Einrichtungen miteinander verspannen. - Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere nach wenigstens
einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
im wesentlichen kraftschlüssige Verbindungen zwischen den einzelnen Komponenten mittels mechanischer Verspanung erfolgen. - Einrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme, insbesondere Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
in wenigstens einem Strömungskanal der Klimaanlage wenigstens eine Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme nach wenigstens einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche angeordnet ist.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030290191 EP1445553B1 (de) | 2003-01-24 | 2003-01-24 | Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030290191 EP1445553B1 (de) | 2003-01-24 | 2003-01-24 | Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1445553A1 true EP1445553A1 (de) | 2004-08-11 |
EP1445553B1 EP1445553B1 (de) | 2013-08-28 |
Family
ID=32605424
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20030290191 Revoked EP1445553B1 (de) | 2003-01-24 | 2003-01-24 | Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Wärme |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1445553B1 (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006053525B3 (de) * | 2006-11-07 | 2008-05-08 | Evo Elektroheizungen Gmbh | Elektroheizkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elektroheizkörpers |
EP3310126A1 (de) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Hochspannungs-lufterhitzer und verfahren für die montage seiner heizelemente |
EP3310125A1 (de) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Hochspannungs-luftheizung einschliesslich lamellenelementen und verfahren für die montage davon |
EP3310127A1 (de) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Hochspannungsluftheizer mit steuerungsgehäuse und verfahren zur montage davon |
DE102017106711A1 (de) | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | Dbk David + Baader Gmbh | Hochvolt-Luftheizer und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EP3530503A1 (de) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-28 | MAHLE International GmbH | Elektrische heizung |
CN111006391A (zh) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-14 | 马勒国际公司 | 一种电加热装置 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5665261A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1997-09-09 | Behr Gmbh & Co. | Motor vehicle electric heating device having angled off metal heating plates arranged to mutually abut one another at opposite ends |
DE19925757A1 (de) * | 1999-06-05 | 2000-12-07 | Behr France Sarl | Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
EP1130337A2 (de) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-09-05 | ELTEK S.p.A. | Elektrischem Heizkörper |
-
2003
- 2003-01-24 EP EP20030290191 patent/EP1445553B1/de not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5665261A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1997-09-09 | Behr Gmbh & Co. | Motor vehicle electric heating device having angled off metal heating plates arranged to mutually abut one another at opposite ends |
DE19925757A1 (de) * | 1999-06-05 | 2000-12-07 | Behr France Sarl | Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
EP1130337A2 (de) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-09-05 | ELTEK S.p.A. | Elektrischem Heizkörper |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006053525B3 (de) * | 2006-11-07 | 2008-05-08 | Evo Elektroheizungen Gmbh | Elektroheizkörper und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Elektroheizkörpers |
EP3310126A1 (de) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Hochspannungs-lufterhitzer und verfahren für die montage seiner heizelemente |
EP3310125A1 (de) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Hochspannungs-luftheizung einschliesslich lamellenelementen und verfahren für die montage davon |
EP3310127A1 (de) | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-18 | DBK David + Baader GmbH | Hochspannungsluftheizer mit steuerungsgehäuse und verfahren zur montage davon |
DE102017106711A1 (de) | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | Dbk David + Baader Gmbh | Hochvolt-Luftheizer und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EP3530503A1 (de) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-08-28 | MAHLE International GmbH | Elektrische heizung |
CN111006391A (zh) * | 2018-10-04 | 2020-04-14 | 马勒国际公司 | 一种电加热装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1445553B1 (de) | 2013-08-28 |
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