EP1441423B1 - Housing element of a shunt connector for a security interface seat connector - Google Patents

Housing element of a shunt connector for a security interface seat connector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1441423B1
EP1441423B1 EP20040290142 EP04290142A EP1441423B1 EP 1441423 B1 EP1441423 B1 EP 1441423B1 EP 20040290142 EP20040290142 EP 20040290142 EP 04290142 A EP04290142 A EP 04290142A EP 1441423 B1 EP1441423 B1 EP 1441423B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing element
connector
terminals
skirt
opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP20040290142
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1441423A1 (en
Inventor
Faouzi Saidani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leoni Wiring Systems France SAS
Original Assignee
Valeo Electronique et Systemes de Liaison SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Electronique et Systemes de Liaison SA filed Critical Valeo Electronique et Systemes de Liaison SA
Publication of EP1441423A1 publication Critical patent/EP1441423A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1441423B1 publication Critical patent/EP1441423B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/20Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for assembling or disassembling contact members with insulating base, case or sleeve
    • H01R43/24Assembling by moulding on contact members
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/42Securing in a demountable manner
    • H01R13/422Securing in resilient one-piece base or case, e.g. by friction; One-piece base or case formed with resilient locking means
    • H01R13/4223Securing in resilient one-piece base or case, e.g. by friction; One-piece base or case formed with resilient locking means comprising integral flexible contact retaining fingers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/66Structural association with built-in electrical component
    • H01R13/70Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch
    • H01R13/703Structural association with built-in electrical component with built-in switch operated by engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. dual-continuity coupling part
    • H01R13/7031Shorting, shunting or bussing of different terminals interrupted or effected on engagement of coupling part, e.g. for ESD protection, line continuity
    • H01R13/7032Shorting, shunting or bussing of different terminals interrupted or effected on engagement of coupling part, e.g. for ESD protection, line continuity making use of a separate bridging element directly cooperating with the terminals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/18Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing bases or cases for contact members
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H01R4/183Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section
    • H01R4/184Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion
    • H01R4/185Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping for cylindrical elongated bodies, e.g. cables having circular cross-section comprising a U-shaped wire-receiving portion combined with a U-shaped insulation-receiving portion

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a shunt connector element for seat connection safety interface.
  • the invention relates to connectors intended to be arranged under the vehicle seats and connected to wiring for the control of the airbags and presenters of seat belts.
  • Such a shunt connector element is described in particular in patent EP 0 836 251; this, in addition to a connection conductors / conventional contact members, comprises a tilting pallet on the body of the connector element and constituting, on the one hand, a locking member for an electrical contact member and, on the other hand, on the other hand, a support for shunts.
  • One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a connector element that overcomes this disadvantage.
  • the connector element is of the type comprising a female housing element with a body extended by a skirt in which protrude tongues with shunts cooperating with the tongues, the skirt being intended to receive an element of a male housing with contact members for receiving the tongues, the positioning of the male housing element spacing the shunts from the tongues, said connector element consisting of a primary housing element comprising a plastic body having a series of channels for receiving, each, a contact member having crimping tabs at one end for attachment of a conductor and extended by a body with an opening, and terminated by the tongue, each channel, at the side a face of the body, having an elastic tab with a lug for insertion into the opening of the contact member, said element connector connector being characterized in that, on the side of the other face, said body is pierced with holes opening into the channels, on said primary housing being overmoulded the final housing element so as to achieve the skirt, protecting the tabs and so that the crimping, the body
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a contact member used with the housing element of the shunt connector, according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the primary housing element.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the primary housing element.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line 4-4 of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the final housing member.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view along the line 6-6 of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a shunt tab.
  • Figure 8 shows in front elevation the housing element of Figure 5.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an electrical contact member 1 having, from one end, crimping tabs 2 intended to grip a conductor 7. housed in an insulating sheath, crimping lugs 3 intended to enclose a stripped portion of the conductor 7, a body 4 having a U-section with an opening 5 in the core and a flat tongue 6.
  • This electrical contact member 1 is intended to be mounted in a primary housing element 8 comprising a plastic body molded with channels 9, at one end of the retaining means 10 for passing the flat tongue, a face having holes 11 opening into the channels, while the other side is provided with locking means formed by elastic tabs 12 terminated by lugs 13 for insertion into the holes 5.
  • the primary housing 8 is intended, when the members 1 are put in place, to be arranged in a mold having cavities for receiving the tabs 6 in order to protect them and in which an overmoulding is carried out allowing, on the one hand, embedding the tabs 2, 3 and the body 4 in the plastic and forming the final casing element 15.
  • the plastic material passes through the holes 11 and the spaces between the elastic tabs 12.
  • the definitive housing element 15 has a body 16 in which the primary element 8 is entirely embedded, said body being extended by a skirt 17 in which the tongues 6 project.
  • the skirt is shaped to present, on a face 18, a resilient locking bar 19 with a lug 20 intended to cooperate with a notch of a complementary male housing element 40 engaged in the skirt and shown in phantom in FIG. .
  • the skirt 17, on a face 21, is provided with means 23 and 24 for fixing on a support.
  • FIG 7 there is shown in perspective a shunt tongue 25 having a first portion 26 with an opening 27 and bent hairpin along a line 31 to present a branch divided into two bars 28 terminated by parts inverted V 30.
  • the skirt 17, on its inner face corresponding to the face 21, has two grooves 35 with a bottom 36 and in which projections 37 extend, the tongues 25 being inserted into the grooves so that the projections 37 penetrate the openings 27, while the V parts 30 bear against the tabs 6.
  • the two branches 28 bear against the tongues 6 and, during the establishment of the complementary housing element, these branches are spaced apart from the tongues 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Description

La présente invention vise un élément de connecteur à shunts pour interface sécurité liaison siège.The present invention is directed to a shunt connector element for seat connection safety interface.

L'invention vise des connecteurs destinés à être disposés sous les sièges des véhicules et reliés à des câblages pour la commande des airbags et prétentionneurs de ceintures de sécurité.The invention relates to connectors intended to be arranged under the vehicle seats and connected to wiring for the control of the airbags and presenters of seat belts.

Sur ces câblages sont insérés des moyens d'affichage du bon au mauvais fonctionnement du système. On a constaté qu'à de très nombreuses reprises s'affichait un signal de défaillance du système alors que celui-ci est en parfait état de fonctionnement.On these cabling are inserted means of displaying the good to the malfunction of the system. It was found that very often a system failure signal appeared while the system was in perfect working order.

Après de nombreuses études, on a constaté que vraisemblablement les causes de perturbation du signal de diagnostic du système provenaient d'une évolution de la résistance de contact au niveau du sertissage des organes de contact avec les conducteurs électriques, engendrée par des sollicitations dynamiques basse fréquence, provoquées par les mouvements d'assise du siège.After numerous studies, it has been found that the causes of the disturbance of the diagnostic signal of the system are likely to arise from an evolution of the contact resistance at the crimping of the contact members with the electrical conductors, generated by low frequency dynamic stresses. , caused by the seat movements of the seat.

Un tel élément de connecteur à shunts est notamment décrit dans le brevet EP 0 836 251 ; celui-ci, outre une liaison conducteurs/organes de contact classiques, comprend une palette basculante sur le corps de l'élément de connecteur et constituant, d'une part, un organe de verrouillage pour un organe de contact électrique et, d'autre part, un support pour les shunts.Such a shunt connector element is described in particular in patent EP 0 836 251; this, in addition to a connection conductors / conventional contact members, comprises a tilting pallet on the body of the connector element and constituting, on the one hand, a locking member for an electrical contact member and, on the other hand, on the other hand, a support for shunts.

Une telle disposition, chère et complexe, présente les inconvénients précités.Such an arrangement, expensive and complex, has the aforementioned drawbacks.

L'un des buts de la présente invention est de réaliser un élément de connecteur remédiant à cet inconvénient.One of the aims of the present invention is to provide a connector element that overcomes this disadvantage.

L'élément de connecteur, objet de l'invention, est du type comprenant un élément de boîtier femelle avec un corps prolongé par une jupe dans laquelle font saillie des languettes avec des shunts coopérant avec les languettes, la jupe étant destinée à recevoir un élément de boîtier mâle avec des organes de contact destinés à recevoir les languettes, la mise en place de l'élément de boîtier mâle écartant les shunts des languettes, ledit élément de connecteur étant constitué d'un élément de boîtier primaire comprenant un corps en matière plastique présentant une série de canaux destinés à recevoir, chacun, un organe de contact présentant des pattes de sertissage à une extrémité pour la fixation d'un conducteur et prolongé par un corps avec une ouverture, et terminé par la languette, chaque canal, du côté d'une face du corps, présentant une patte élastique avec un ergot destiné à s'insérer dans l'ouverture de l'organe de contact, ledit élément de connecteur étant caractérisé en ce que, du côté de l'autre face, ledit corps est percé de trous débouchant dans les canaux, sur ledit boîtier primaire étant surmoulé l'élément de boîtier définitif de manière à réaliser la jupe, en protégeant les languettes et de manière que le sertissage, le corps des organes de contact électrique et les pattes élastiques soient noyés dans la matière de surmoulage.The connector element, object of the invention, is of the type comprising a female housing element with a body extended by a skirt in which protrude tongues with shunts cooperating with the tongues, the skirt being intended to receive an element of a male housing with contact members for receiving the tongues, the positioning of the male housing element spacing the shunts from the tongues, said connector element consisting of a primary housing element comprising a plastic body having a series of channels for receiving, each, a contact member having crimping tabs at one end for attachment of a conductor and extended by a body with an opening, and terminated by the tongue, each channel, at the side a face of the body, having an elastic tab with a lug for insertion into the opening of the contact member, said element connector connector being characterized in that, on the side of the other face, said body is pierced with holes opening into the channels, on said primary housing being overmoulded the final housing element so as to achieve the skirt, protecting the tabs and so that the crimping, the body of the electrical contact members and the resilient tabs are embedded in the overmoulding material.

Grâce à cette disposition, on évite tous les inconvénients de la technique antérieure.With this arrangement, all the disadvantages of the prior art are avoided.

L'invention va maintenant être décrite avec plus de détails en se référant à un mode de réalisation particulier donné à titre d'exemple seulement et représenté aux dessins annexés.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a particular embodiment given by way of example only and shown in the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un organe de contact utilisé avec l'élément de boîtier du connecteur à shunts, selon l'invention.Figure 1 is a perspective view of a contact member used with the housing element of the shunt connector, according to the invention.

Figure 2 est une vue en perspective de l'élément de boîtier primaire.Figure 2 is a perspective view of the primary housing element.

Figure 3 est encore une vue en perspective de l'élément de boîtier primaire.Figure 3 is a perspective view of the primary housing element.

Figure 4 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 4-4 de la figure 2.Figure 4 is a sectional view along the line 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 est une vue en perspective de l'élément de boîtier définitif.Figure 5 is a perspective view of the final housing member.

Figure 6 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 6-6 de la figure 5.Figure 6 is a sectional view along the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'une languette de shunt.Figure 7 is a perspective view of a shunt tab.

Figure 8 montre en élévation de face l'élément de boîtier de la figure 5.Figure 8 shows in front elevation the housing element of Figure 5.

A la figure 1, on a représenté un organe de contact électrique 1 présentant, depuis une extrémité, des pattes de sertissage 2 destinées à enserrer un conducteur 7 logé dans une gaine isolante, des pattes de sertissage 3 destinées à enserrer une partie dénudée du conducteur 7, un corps 4 à section en U avec une ouverture 5 dans l'âme et une languette méplate 6.In FIG. 1, there is shown an electrical contact member 1 having, from one end, crimping tabs 2 intended to grip a conductor 7. housed in an insulating sheath, crimping lugs 3 intended to enclose a stripped portion of the conductor 7, a body 4 having a U-section with an opening 5 in the core and a flat tongue 6.

Cet organe de contact électrique 1 est destiné à être monté dans un élément de boîtier primaire 8 comprenant un corps en matière plastique moulée avec des canaux 9, à une extrémité des moyens de retenue 10 pour laisser passer la languette méplate, une face comportant des trous 11 débouchant dans les canaux, tandis que l'autre face est pourvue de moyens de verrouillage formés par des pattes élastiques 12 terminées par des ergots 13 destinés à s'insérer dans les trous 5.This electrical contact member 1 is intended to be mounted in a primary housing element 8 comprising a plastic body molded with channels 9, at one end of the retaining means 10 for passing the flat tongue, a face having holes 11 opening into the channels, while the other side is provided with locking means formed by elastic tabs 12 terminated by lugs 13 for insertion into the holes 5.

Le boîtier primaire 8 est destiné, lorsque les organes 1 sont mis en place, à être disposé dans un moule présentant des cavités destinées à recevoir les languettes 6 afin de les protéger et dans lequel on réalise un surmoulage permettant, d'une part, de noyer dans la matière plastique les pattes 2, 3 et le corps 4 et de former l'élément de boîtier définitif 15.The primary housing 8 is intended, when the members 1 are put in place, to be arranged in a mold having cavities for receiving the tabs 6 in order to protect them and in which an overmoulding is carried out allowing, on the one hand, embedding the tabs 2, 3 and the body 4 in the plastic and forming the final casing element 15.

Lors de la réalisation d'un élément de boîtier définitif, la matière plastique traverse les trous 11 et les espaces entre les pattes élastiques 12.During the production of a definitive housing element, the plastic material passes through the holes 11 and the spaces between the elastic tabs 12.

L'élément de boîtier définitif 15 présente un corps 16 dans lequel est entièrement noyé l'élément primaire 8, ledit corps étant prolongé par une jupe 17 dans laquelle font saillie les languettes 6.The definitive housing element 15 has a body 16 in which the primary element 8 is entirely embedded, said body being extended by a skirt 17 in which the tongues 6 project.

La jupe est conformée pour présenter, sur une face 18, une barrette élastique de verrouillage 19 avec un ergot 20 destiné à coopérer avec un cran d'un élément de boîtier mâle complémentaire 40 engagé dans la jupe et représenté en traits mixtes à la figure 6.The skirt is shaped to present, on a face 18, a resilient locking bar 19 with a lug 20 intended to cooperate with a notch of a complementary male housing element 40 engaged in the skirt and shown in phantom in FIG. .

La jupe 17, sur une face 21, est pourvue de moyens 23 et 24 permettant la fixation sur un support.The skirt 17, on a face 21, is provided with means 23 and 24 for fixing on a support.

A la figure 7, on a représenté en perspective une languette de shunt 25 présentant une première partie 26 avec une ouverture 27 et pliée en épingle à cheveux le long d'une ligne 31 pour présenter une branche divisée en deux barrettes 28 terminées par des parties en V renversé 30.In Figure 7, there is shown in perspective a shunt tongue 25 having a first portion 26 with an opening 27 and bent hairpin along a line 31 to present a branch divided into two bars 28 terminated by parts inverted V 30.

La jupe 17, sur sa face interne correspondant à la face 21, présente deux rainures 35 avec un fond 36 et dans lesquelles s'étendent des saillies 37, les languettes 25 étant insérées dans les rainures de manière que les saillies 37 pénètrent dans les ouvertures 27, tandis que les parties en V 30 portent contre les languettes 6.The skirt 17, on its inner face corresponding to the face 21, has two grooves 35 with a bottom 36 and in which projections 37 extend, the tongues 25 being inserted into the grooves so that the projections 37 penetrate the openings 27, while the V parts 30 bear against the tabs 6.

Ainsi, les deux branches 28 portent contre les languettes 6 et, lors de la mise en place de l'élément de boîtier complémentaire, ces branches sont écartées des languettes 6.Thus, the two branches 28 bear against the tongues 6 and, during the establishment of the complementary housing element, these branches are spaced apart from the tongues 6.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit et représenté. On pourra y apporter de nombreuses modifications de détail sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment just described and shown. It will be possible to make many changes in detail without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

  1. Connecting element of the type comprising a female housing element with a body extended by a skirt from which terminals project, with shunts cooperating with the terminals, the skirt being designed to receive a male housing element with contact elements designed to receive the terminals, the positioning of the male housing element removing the shunts from the terminals, said connecting element comprising a primary housing element (8) comprising a body made of plastic with a series of canals (9) each designed to receive a contact element (1) having crimping tabs (2, 3) at one end for fixing a conductor (7) and extended by a body (4) with an opening (5) and ended by the terminal (6), each canal from the side of one face of the body having an elastic tab (12) with a pin (13) designed to be inserted into the opening (5) of the contact element (1), said connecting element being characterised in that from the side of the other face said body is pierced by holes (11) opening into the canals (9), the definitive housing element (15) being moulded onto the said primary housing (8) in such a way as to form the skirt, while protecting the terminals (6) and such that the crimping, the body (4) of the electric contact elements (1) and the elastic tabs (12) are embedded into the overmoulded material.
EP20040290142 2003-01-21 2004-01-20 Housing element of a shunt connector for a security interface seat connector Expired - Lifetime EP1441423B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0300611A FR2850208B1 (en) 2003-01-21 2003-01-21 HOUSING ELEMENT OF SHUNTS CONNECTORS FOR INTERFACE SECURITY CONNECTING SEAT.
FR0300611 2003-01-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1441423A1 EP1441423A1 (en) 2004-07-28
EP1441423B1 true EP1441423B1 (en) 2006-09-20

Family

ID=32524982

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20040290142 Expired - Lifetime EP1441423B1 (en) 2003-01-21 2004-01-20 Housing element of a shunt connector for a security interface seat connector

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1441423B1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004002410T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2273178T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2850208B1 (en)
PT (1) PT1441423E (en)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3008727B2 (en) * 1993-04-07 2000-02-14 住友電装株式会社 Double molded product
US6039589A (en) * 1996-10-08 2000-03-21 The Whitaker Corporation Electrical connector with a shunt incorporated into a secondary locking member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE602004002410T2 (en) 2007-09-20
DE602004002410D1 (en) 2006-11-02
ES2273178T3 (en) 2007-05-01
PT1441423E (en) 2006-12-29
FR2850208A1 (en) 2004-07-23
EP1441423A1 (en) 2004-07-28
FR2850208B1 (en) 2005-08-19

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