EP1441184B1 - System for tempering a room - Google Patents

Abstract

The installation for room air-conditioning by supplying and/or removing fresh and/or circulating, cooled and/or warmed air comprises an air-conditioning module which has a flat structure and is integratable into walls, facades, ceilings or floors.

Description

The invention relates to a system for tempering a room by supplying and / or discharging fresh, cooled and / or heated air and / or circulating air according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

Such systems are known in a variety of forms and on the market. Air conditioning systems for buildings with, for example, predominant office use have the task of compensating the thermal loads (heating or cooling demand) according to the season or the internal loads. This has so far been realized by a heating system with heating pipes and radiators. Cabbage loads are dissipated through a central air-conditioning center, through cooling convectors, cooling ceilings or through thermal component activation.

Due to the structural improvements of the building envelope structures, it can be stated that the demand for heating has declined sharply in the last 15 years, but the cooling load has increased. The reasons for this are the increasing use of glass facades (increase in daylight, shorter construction times) by the architects, but also the cost-relevant use of office space (in conurbations there are fewer working space available than in years before) and the constant increase in technical equipment (computer , Media technology, light).

For rooms without openable windows (indoor or closed high-rise facades), the supply of sufficient fresh air through the air conditioning system is added. While the heating system can usually be designed and built by specialist companies without engineering planning, engineering services are required for air-conditioning systems due to the associated structural interventions as well as the complex requirements of plant technology, process function and hygiene, thus increasing planning costs and construction times. The high investment and operating costs associated with the use of air conditioning systems in buildings make it extremely critical or even unfavorable to decide this question for some building owners and architects.

The DE 101 28 379 A1 describes an at least partially integrable in a building exterior wall device for decentralized ventilation of a room in a building by a negative pressure can be generated by means of a device independent, preferably building-central exhaust air system. The device has an air duct, through which fresh air from an outside of the building outer wall can enter through the space into the space, and a heat exchanger associated with the air duct for controlling the temperature of the incoming air.

From the FR 2 700 203 A goes out an air distributor, which has a housing with an air inlet, over which a filter is placed. An inner channel transports air to the fans. These fans transport the air through a channel with additional filters into a diffusion chamber with filters. These channels in the interior of the housing are formed by two partitions whose inner surface is provided with an acoustically insulating material.

From the DE 2 308 479 which discloses the preamble of claim 1, geth out a ventilation element, in particular for the ventilation of living spaces, which consists of a housing made of concrete, artificial stone or the like, in which there is a fully or partially lined with sound-absorbing material air passageway. The air passage channel may be provided to improve the sound attenuation with staircase-shaped deflections.

task

The present invention has for its object to develop a system or an air conditioning system, the demands of modern architecture (design, space requirements), the increased comfort demands of the users of air-conditioned rooms (thermal comfort, low noise level) and the cost pressure of the construction industry (modular System structure, retrofitting) and at the same time reduces the acoustic emissions of such a system or such an air conditioning system.

Solution of the task

To solve the problem leads that at the transition of front panel (20) and end plate (21) a plate (23) in the plate muffler (16.1 - 16.4) is used.

By the formation of the flow channel with a stage, what has been shown, noise developments of the air flowing through significantly minimized, if not almost completely prevented.

In order to be able to form the step, the plate silencer thus consists of two plates of different thickness, which are arranged horizontally on the channel walls. The largest part is preferably covered up to (95%) of the channel wall surface with the silencer, whereby better Insulation properties of the channel plate (about 16 dB). As a result, a Telefonieschallübertragung is prevented. The step formation in the air flow generates a shock absorption and prevents the frequency waves from being transmitted through. This also results in a very good damping property in the high-frequency range. The inserted resonance plate improves the damping properties in the low-frequency range.

The plate silencer according to the invention combines the damping principles of absorption, shock absorption, muzzle reflection and resonator.

The overall climate module is preferably created in flat construction and assigned to a wall, exterior facade of a ceiling or a floor of the room. Such a climate module has the great advantage that it in a room partition with low installation depth, such as a facing shell, wood or metal stud wall, of max. 150 mm thickness can be integrated. Although the present invention particularly relates to this, it is not limited thereto. If necessary, such a climate module manufactured in a flat construction can also be presented to a metal stud wall or attached to or suspended in a ceiling or a floor (cavity or false floor). For example, the integration in false ceilings or suspended ceilings is possible, as well as the integration in raised floors or raised floors. The advantage of this integration in lightweight walls, false ceilings or raised floors has for the room user the considerable advantage that no usable space is installed, and he has complete freedom in terms of interior design (installation of furniture, tables, etc.). In case of change of use or a different floor plan design, a slight conversion or a subsequent dismantling is possible.

Similarly, the reduction of the acoustic emissions is used hanging the climate module on a ceiling on structure-borne noise coupling hanger profiles. Again, it has been shown in practice that the raw ceiling much better a structure-borne noise decoupling, for example, caused by the fan in the air conditioning module, can realize as a floor construction on which the climate module is placed.

The inventive silencer reduces the mean sound pressure level in an office to approximately 20 dB (A), compared to previously 30 dB (A).

According to the present invention, two climate modules are proposed. One climate module (climate convector) assumes the function heating / cooling, the other air conditioning module (supply / exhaust air module) the fresh air supply, the modules can be used individually or in combination. The heating / cooling climate module eliminates the need for a conventional heating system. This results in space and cost savings. Interventions in the building construction are significantly reduced by this climate module compared to conventional technology, such as air-conditioning ceilings, convectors in front of walls or in the façade area, concrete core activation, resulting in a shortening of the construction processes in the shell and extension.

Incidentally, both types of climate modules can also be retrofitted by the tenant and later removed and taken away. The climate modules are not tied to the building.

At least one heat exchanger is integrated in the heating / cooling climate module, which takes over the functions of cooling or heating. However, the heat exchanger is preferably subdivided, with one area taking over the cooling and another area taking over the heating. As required, the areas are supplied with a cooling medium or with a heating medium.

The heat exchanger consists essentially of fins and the fins crossing tubes in which the heating or cooling medium is performed. In this case, the lamellae are preferably arranged such that they run in the flow direction of the air. As a result, an additional noise when flowing through the air is minimized, since this only meets the very narrow edges of the slats.

If a heat exchanger does both the function of cooling and heating, there is no transition area between the slats of the Heating and the fins of the cooling register. In the past, there was a risk that the lamellas would be staggered in this transitional area, resulting in additional noise.

Through the use of such heat exchangers, it is possible, for. As heat pumps or direct waste heat from refrigerators to use.

The cooling temperature is designed so that falling below the dew point temperature is avoided. As a result, no condensate accumulates, whereby the hygiene of the entire system is significantly increased because mold or germ formation is avoided. Furthermore, a complicated and expensive sewage system is eliminated.

Due to the low difference between the room air temperature to the flow and return temperature of the heat exchanger, the cooling capacity is controlled independently, so this self-regulating effect is particularly noteworthy.

As mentioned above, the heat exchanger should be assigned a fan, preferably a cross-flow fan. The cross-flow fan may be arranged above or below the heat exchanger.

This fan is the only sound source in a climate module that represents a fan coil. The sound power delivered by a fan has a broadband acoustic signature, ie, in the frequency range of 150 Hz to 5 kHz, an approximately equal sound energy is expected across all frequencies. In the range of 50 Hz to 150 Hz, the sound energy increases. Over the last 10 years, fan noise has been continuously reduced through blade optimization and other technical improvements. However, it should be noted that the physical limits are almost reached, so that at Turbomachines, such as the fan, is always expected to have a certain sound energy level.

As a further acoustic optimization, manufacturers of fan coil units have increased the size of the fan to reduce the speed. With the speed reduction also decreases the emitted sound energy. As a result, the convectors currently available on the market have large dimensions. This in turn disturbs the user / buyer / architect. However, with the present development, higher speed fans can be used, i. h., the use of small fans is possible again. The sound energy level is substantially lowered by the plate silencers, which are preferably arranged on both sides of the heat exchanger or the fan.

Furthermore, the heat exchanger is preferably limited on both sides of plate silencers, so that, as described above, the acoustic emission is reduced.

Intake openings for room air and outlet openings for tempered air are provided in the climate module. Especially in the outlet openings still movable air guide fins can be provided, through which an outflow direction can be determined.

The other climate module, which exclusively serves to introduce fresh air, has only one suction device, which is preferably arranged on both sides between two plate silencers. The suction-side plate muffler is still a filter upstream, so that the sucked air is cleaned as well as possible supplied to the room.

The field of application of such systems according to the invention is extremely large. Above all, he is for the office and commercial construction but also for hotels and the Housing thought. The system can not only be provided in new buildings, but also existing building structures can be retrofitted in the simplest way. By slightly modifying the climate modules, it is possible to use them in rooms with particularly high acoustic demands, such as studio rooms, meeting rooms, theaters, cinemas etc.

By design, all options are conceivable for the climate modules. The climate module can be assigned with freely selectable colors. Furthermore, it can be additionally equipped with z. B. office functions, such as scheduling, magnetic board, sideboard, with room acoustics to improve speech intelligibility, broadband absorber, bass resonator or with elements of media technology, such as videoconferencing wall, screen for projector / overhead, plasma monitors, etc ..

figure description

• Figur 1 eine schematisch dargestellte Draufsicht auf erfindungsgemässe Klimamodule, welche in einer nicht näher gezeigten Metallständerwand integriert sind;
• Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht eines Längsschlitzes durch eines der Klimamodule in Figur 1 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in

• FIG. 1 a schematic plan view of inventive climate modules, which are integrated in a metal stud wall not shown in detail;
• FIG. 2 a side view of a longitudinal slot through one of the climate modules in FIG. 1 in a further embodiment.

In FIG. 1 two climate modules P ₁ and P _{2 can be seen} . The climate module P ₁ is used to introduce fresh air into a room, the climate module P ₂ is used for the introduction of heated or cooled air.

Both climate modules are located between a ceiling 1 and a floor 2 of a room. On the floor 2, there is still a structure 3, wherein 4 lines for a heating or cooling medium are performed in intervals.

The climate module P ₂ is connected via hanging profiles 5.1 and 5.2 with the ceiling 1 and can stand up on the structure 3. For acoustic reasons, however, it is provided that the climate module P _{2 maintains} a slight distance from the structure 3.

Laterally, the climate modules P ₁ and P ₂ are covered or separated from each other by metal stud structures, sealing strips, tie-stretch bands or plasterboard strips 6.1 to 6.3.

Integral part of the climate module P ₂ is, as in particular in FIG. 2 recognizable, a heat exchanger 7, which consists of two areas 7.1 and 7.2. The area 7.1 is connected via a supply line 8 with a heating flow and a return line 9 with a heating return. Likewise, a supply line 10 serves to the area 7.2 as a cold water supply and a return line 11 as a cold water return. In the supply lines 8 and 10 adjustable shut-off valves 12 and 13 are turned on. In addition, other valves can be seen, which will not be described in detail. Of course, the lines can also run in suspended ceilings.

The heat exchanger 7 consists essentially of tubes 37 and transversely thereto extending fins 38. In the tube 37, the heating or cooling medium is guided and the fins 38 form substantially the heat exchanger surfaces. It should be emphasized that the fins 38 extend in the direction of the air flow, so that a noise during flow is minimized.

Above (possible also below) of the heat exchanger 7 is a cross-flow fan 14 can be seen, which is driven by a motor 15. Above this cross-flow fan 14 is a plate muffler 16.1, also another plate muffler 16.2 is provided below the heat exchanger 7. In each plate muffler 16.1 and 16.2 a flow-through channel 17 can be seen, which forms a step 18. For this purpose, each plate silencer 16.1 and 16.2 has a shorter rear side plate 19, which is arranged opposite a longer front plate 20. Rear plate 19 and front panel 20 have about the same thickness. An end plate 21 with a greater thickness adjoins the front plate 20, so that a step 22 is formed between the front plate 20 and the end plate 21. This step 22 is preferably occupied by a metal sheet, for example a steel sheet 23.

Below the plate silencer 16.2 there is a suction chamber 24 with a suction opening 25. Above the plate silencer 16.1 a blow-out chamber 26 and blow-out 27 are provided, which may be occupied, for example with adjustable blades.

For insulation, a mineral wool layer 28 is located behind the climate module P2 and is covered with a Terodem film 29 for the climate module P ₂ . The mineral wool layer 28 is preceded by two gypsum plaster boards 30.1 and 30.2. Likewise, the climate module P _{2 is covered} towards the front by a plasterboard not shown in detail, wherein only the suction openings 25 and the exhaust openings 27 are released. Of course, several plasterboard can be provided for a wall.

The operation of this climate module P ₂ is the following:

As in particular in FIG. 2 recognizable, the entire climate module P _{2 is} very flat, so that it can be used without difficulty in a metal stud wall. By the cross-flow fan 14, air is sucked through the intake ports 25 and the flow passage 17 of the plate muffler 16.2. This air also passes through the heat exchanger 7 and can be cooled or heated as desired.

After the heat exchanger 7, the air is forced through the flow channel 17 of the plate silencer 16.1 and blown out of the exhaust openings 27. In this way, there is an excellent temperature control of a room, with the acoustic annoyance is reduced to a minimum. This is ensured by the plate silencers according to the invention, since they dampen the noise development of the cross-flow fan 14 and suppress the noise of the flowing air due to the formation of the step 18.

The climate module P ₁ serves exclusively to supply fresh air into a room. For this purpose, three fresh air connections 31.1 to 31.3 are provided, which open into a filter chamber 32. In this filter chamber 32 is followed by a plate muffler 16.3, the two pumps or fans 33.1 and 33.2 are connected downstream, both fans 33.1 and 33.2 are driven by a motor 34.

The conveyed air in turn flows through a plate silencer 16.4 and is expressed from an outlet opening 35. By three more fresh air ducts 36.1 to 36.3 to show that fresh air can be passed through this climate module P ₁ to three other rooms.

Position Number List

1 blanket 34 engine 67 2 ground 35 outlet 68 3 construction 36 Fresh air duct 69 4 gap 37 tube 70 5 suspended profile 38 slats 71 6 Plasterboard strips 39 72 7 heat exchangers 40 73 8th supply 41 74 9 return 42 75 10 supply 43 76 11 return 44 77 12 shut-off valve 45 78 13 shut-off valve 46 79 14 Tangential fan 47 15 engine 48 16 plate silencer 49 17 flow-through 50 18 step 51 P air module 19 Back plate 52 20 front panel 53 21 endplate 54 22 step 55 23 sheet 56 24 suction 57 25 suction 58 26 blow-out 59 27 exhaust vent 60 28 Mineral wool layer 61 29 foil 62 30 Plasterboard 63 31 Fresh Run Connection 64 32 filter chamber 65 33 fan 66

Claims (15)

1. A system for controlling the temperature of a room by supplying and/or removing fresh, cooled and/or heated air and/or circulating air, with at least one plate-type sound absorber (16.1-16.4) being provided in an air-conditioning module (P₁, P₂), the throughflow channel (17) of which absorber forms a step (18), a shorter plate (19) forming a reverse side of the plate-type sound absorber (16.1 -16.4) in front of which is placed a front plate (20) of similar thickness, forming the throughflow channel (17), which plate is adjoined by an end plate (21) of greater thickness after the end of the reverse-side plate (19),
   characterised in that
   a metal sheet (23) is inserted into the plate-type sound absorber (16.1 - 16.4) at the transition of the front plate (20) and end plate (21).
2. A system according to Claim 1, characterised in that the air-conditioning module (P₁, P₂) is produced in a flat construction and is associated with a wall, external façade of a ceiling (1) or a floor (2) of the room.
3. A system according to Claim 2, characterised in that the air-conditioning module (P₁, P₂) is connected to the ceiling (1) via a suspension profile (5.1, 5.2),
4. A system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the air-conditioning module (P₁, P₂) is integrated in a room partition with low installation depth, for example a metal-framed wall.
5. A system according to at least one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that at least one heat exchanger (7) is provided in the air-conditioning module (P₂).
6. A system according to Claim 5, characterised in that the heat exchanger consists of fins and lines crossing the fins which carry a temperature-control medium.
7. A system according to Claim 6, characterised in that the fins are arranged in the direction of flow of the air.
8. A system according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the heat exchanger (7) is arranged between two plate-type sound absorbers (16.1, 16.2).
9. A system according to at least one of Claims 5 to 8, characterised in that a ventilator (14), preferably a cross-current ventilator, is associated with the heat exchanger (7).
10. A system according to at least one of Claims 5 to 9, characterised in that the heat exchanger (7) has a region (7.1) which is connected to a heating medium and a region (7.2) which is supplied by a cooling medium.
11. A system according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the air-conditioning module (P₂) has at least one intake opening (25) for room air and at least one outlet opening (27) for temperature-controlled air.
12. A system according to Claim 11, characterised in that adjustable fins are associated with the outlet openings (27).
13. A system according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that an intake means (33.1, 33.2) for fresh air is arranged in the air-conditioning module (P₁).
14. A system according to Claim 13, characterised in that the intake means (33.1, 33.2) is located between two plate-type sound absorbers (16.3, 16.4).
15. A system according to Claim 14, characterised in that a filter (32) precedes the intake-side plate-type sound absorber (16.3).

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