DE102017010443A1 - Air-conditioning and sound-insulating partition wall element - Google Patents

Abstract

Open office landscapes with high and thus economical use of space place the highest demands on the room climate as well as the room acoustics in confined spaces. The desire for visual openness stands in the way of acoustic privacy and undisturbedness. The clever combination of room-high glass elements with room-height acoustic absorbers covers these needs equally. If now also decentralized air conditioning by means of wall cooling elements, so the required area for cooling again competes with the already required areas for separation and absorption and the desire for optical transparency. An integrated solution with a minimum space or space requirement is absolutely necessary here.
The invention relates to a partition wall element for a room or room part, which ensures both the thermal and the acoustic conditioning of the room with minimized area and cost. The wall element can cool or heat the room air by means of an integrated heat exchanger (8) and a blower (7), whereby the conditioned air can be ejected on both sides of the wall (13 + 14). In addition, both wall surfaces are sound-absorbing (15 + 16), thus reducing unwanted reflections and the reverberation time in the room. Thanks to the inventive large-scale, internal mufflers (9 + 10), the wall element also has a very high sound insulation, so that it can be implemented highly effective room acoustics concepts with large level differences between individual workplaces or entire rooms.

Description

The invention relates to a partition wall element for conditioning the room air, for sound insulation and for sound absorption according to the preamble of claim 1.

Through the publication DE 103 02 704 B4 is a cooling wall element known. However, this is not designed to meet specific sound absorption and absorption requirements, which requires additional measures for sound insulation and room acoustics. An air-conditioning and additionally acoustically absorbing wall element is the document DE 10 2007 005 870 B4 known. The partition wall element according to the invention powered by the double-sided ejection of the convective flow inside but beyond two rooms or parts of rooms at the same time with conditioned air, which brings considerable space and cost advantages.

von weniger als 10 (stellenweise nur noch 5) m² pro Arbeitsplatz (n) und Volumen-Kennzahlen $$K_V=\frac{V}{n}$$

von weniger als 30 (stellenweise nur noch 15) m³ pro Arbeitsplatz rücken die Nutzer mit allen ihren Emissionen und Emotionen derart eng zusammen, dass das stets vorhandene Aversionspotenzial von individuell geprägten und selbstständig agierenden Nutzern (i.a. Arbeitnehmern) selbst unter günstigsten ergonomischen Bedingungen unvermeidbar ansteigt - nahezu unabhängig von deren Bildungsgrad, Ausbildung und Qualifikation.The progressive consolidation of workplaces eg in open-plan offices and call centers (in general: open office landscapes) on ever smaller footprints S _G [m ² ] and with less and less converted space V [m ³ ] brings a fundamentally very attractive investment reduction for the manufacturer and operator and operating costs. For area metrics $$K_S=\frac{S_G}{n}$$

less than 10 (in places only 5) m ² per workstation (s) and volume metrics $$K_V=\frac{V}{n}$$

from less than 30 (in places only 15) m ³ per workplace, the users with all their emissions and emotions move so closely together that the ever-present aversion potential of individually shaped and independently acting users (ia employees) inevitably increases even under the most favorable ergonomic conditions - almost independent of their level of education, training and qualification.

Even for classic individual offices, the area and volume figures are being reduced more and more for economic reasons, which also increases the demands placed on the quality of these rooms.

In order for the potential benefits of this concentrated workplace design to fully unfold under the prevailing economic constraints, all sensory influences on people's wellbeing and performance must be optimized from space:

Optical conditioning of the room

On the one hand, an open, clearly transparent work environment is often sought, which promotes the unity of a group and its visual communication. On the other hand, the ambiance must allow for some privacy through visual screens. Instead of closed partitions and doors, glass systems have proved their worth as room dividers, which are covered in areas (workplace, living and use-related), opaque or translucent.

Acoustic conditioning of the room

On the one hand, the individual should also feel acoustically involved in a solidary motivated group. On the other hand, the communication between two or more interlocutors should not be disturbed by many conversations and telephone calls, even at a high level of noise generally present in the room (up to more than 80 dB (A)). Similarly, the ambience must allow some privacy by acoustic shielding. For this purpose, sound-absorbing measures on ceilings and walls have proven, even in the form of (workplace, residence and use-related) additionally attached absorbent partitions or partitions. Again, they should not restrict the view too much, following requirement (a). The requisite level reductions of up to 40 dB (A) between adjacent workstations can hardly be achieved by conventional means (porous / fibrous materials) according to the prior art and taking into account all relevant requirements (a), (b) and (c) , The problem is further complicated by the fact that human voice unfolding involuntarily increases with increased background noise, e.g. by several people speaking in the room, which in turn increases the overall level.

Thermal conditioning of the room

von insgesamt etwa 130/80 W pro m² Grundfläche bzw. etwa 45/30 W pro m³ Raumvolumen (bei K_S = 5/10 m² pro Arbeitsplatz) rechnen. Solche Kühllasten sind mit konventionellen Mitteln nur bei sehr hohem Aufwand und/oder mit erheblichen Einbußen bei anderen Komfort-Kriterien aus dem Raum abzuführen. The lighting and equipment technical workspace designed in such a way leads with increasing compression not only to a (more than n proportional) increase in the emitted sound power, but also to an (about n proportional) increase in the cooling loads. If one of a future expected heat development (eg for a building depth of 12 m) of W _L = 120 W for the lighting, W _A = 300 W for the various tools and W _M = 80 W for the Heat development of humans themselves and finally W _G = 30 W per m ^{2 of} surface area for the heat radiation through the outer building envelope (with typical large-scale glazing and usual sun protection on sunny days) emanates, one must have a specific heat index $$K_{W.S}=\frac{W_L+W_A+W_M}{S_G}n+W_G=\frac{W_L+W_A+W_M}{K_S}+W_G$$

total of about 130/80 W per m ^{2 of} floor space or about 45/30 W per m ^{3 of} room volume (at K _S = 5/10 m ² per workstation). Such cooling loads can be removed from the room with conventional means only at very high cost and / or with considerable losses in other comfort criteria.

Air hygiene conditioning of the room

Dust levels and chemical emissions from equipment and people are also increasing proportionally with the density of workplaces. In addition to a sufficient supply of fresh air and oxygen to an optimal conditioning therefore also a certain clean air with the help of appropriate filter devices and the humidification of the air to maintain the well-being and performance of the user permanently. Here, the awareness of the participants and appropriate solutions to problems are just beginning.

The conditioning of the room in relation to all four senses mentioned here (seeing, hearing, feeling and smelling) can be achieved in principle with separate components:

Glass system walls

The plasterboard stud walls, which were more common than they used to be for cell construction in the office area, can be optically replaced by very flexible wall systems made of glass, which creates a generous sense of space even with high space utilization and the narrowness of the area per person of only 5-7 m ^{2 is} not overwhelming.

Broadband Compact Absorber

In the place of full-surface suspended mineral fiber suspended ceilings formerly used in more demanding work and meeting rooms, extensively absorbing wall coverings, thick curtains, carpets and upholstered furniture, a simple, clear interior architecture, combined with targeted broadband compact absorbers on walls, ceilings, is becoming more and more popular and partitions for a functioning room acoustics.

air conditioning

Suspended metal suspended ceilings have proven to be very efficient cooling systems, at the back of which metal meanders flowed through by centrally provided cooling water occupy about 50-60% of the surface. If additionally centrally provided cooling and fresh air in the ceiling cavity and can flow through a uniform perforation of the remaining area in the room, this combined ventilation and cooling system can optimally meet the climatic requirements - but only with a not too high occupancy density With a maximum cooling capacity of 80 W per m ^{2 of} surface area, Eq. (3) just once the heat input Kw, s an occupancy of about 10 m ² per workplace are dissipated. Their acoustic effectiveness is also very limited: even if you back their perforation with a fleece or other porous / fibrous material, so it can not generate a sufficiently strong and broadband effective sound absorber, especially since this only about 40-50% of the area can be activated.

It goes without saying that concrete cooling ceilings, in which centrally supplied coolant circulates, with a cooling capacity of only about 30 W per m ^{2 of} floor space certainly can not meet the current and future requirements alone.

Also, the removal of the increased heat input by means of a ventilation system is not effective, since this air exchange of much more than six times the volume of space per hour would be necessary, which brings a high energy demand and massive comfort losses.

Compact, separately installed refrigeration units, which are often placed close to the workstations, can, with a correspondingly high air transport and high-performance heat exchangers, achieve several kW cooling capacity per appliance. However, they are in no way in line with the other sensory requirements for high-quality lounges. Drafts and noise pollution are thus inevitably connected.

• - die zukünftig nach (c) erforderlichen Kühlleistungen z.B. für Arbeitsplätze in „flächenoptimierten“ Büroräumen nicht zufriedenstellend erbringen können;
• - bei den insbesondere in hochwertigen Hausinstallationen mit ihnen verbundenen Investitions-, Betriebs- und Wartungskosten aus den üblicherweise bereitgestellten Baubudgets nicht mehr finanzierbar sind;
• - nach dem heutigen Stand der Technik in keinem Falle alle oben unter (a) bis (d) beschriebenen sensorischen Anforderungen gleichzeitig erfüllen können.

In summary, it can be said of all conventional cooling systems that even with careful design

• - the cooling capacities required in the future according to (c), eg for workplaces in "space-optimized" office space, can not be satisfactorily performed;
• - in the case of investment, especially in high-quality domestic installations, Operating and maintenance costs can no longer be financed from the usually provided construction budgets;
• - Under the current state of the art in any case all the above under (a) to (d) described sensory requirements can meet simultaneously.

A promising and already used in practice approach for a combined cooling / acoustic module, which combines a high cooling performance with good acoustic absorption properties, is the document DE 10 2007 005 870 B4 known. However, the space requirement and the cost factor for a space solution with a high workstation density, where many decentralized controllable units are desired, are not yet sufficient to meet the increased demand.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a partition wall element which, with a minimum structural depth (typically 100-200 mm) and a common element width of 0.5-1.5 m, provides a high convective cooling capacity with ejection of the conditioned air to both sides of the wall and at the same time with respect to the sound insulation between the rooms or parts of rooms, which separates them, has typical values of a conventional soundproofing wall. As a matter of principle, a convection cooler has air intake and exhaust openings, which are connected to one another via air-bearing channels. If now two rooms or room parts are to be conditioned with only one such component, there is inevitably a direct connection from one room to the next via the air-conveying channels ( 3 + 4 ). This is a great challenge for the required sound insulation according to DIN 4109. The invention solves this problem by the sound of space A to room B over long detour lines ( 21 ) on large-area absorption surfaces ( 9 . 10 or. 19 . 20 ) is passed, whereby a sound level attenuation is achieved when passing through the wall element, which is comparable or better than that of a conventional double-shell system wall with internal insulation. At the same time the fan noise and flow noise of the cooling element itself is attenuated via the same silencer, whereby an almost inaudible operation is ensured.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the subclaims.

1 a) shows the area plan of a modern open-space office environment with highly effective glass acoustic modules ( 1 + 2 ). In place of some broadband compact absorbers ( 2 ) partition elements are mounted according to the claims of this document ( 4 ). Due to the two-sided air conditioning an element reaches large areas of the room, so that only five partition wall elements according to the invention are required for the illustrated ten jobs. The acoustic requirements for sound insulation and absorption continue to be met without increased space requirements or a reduction in optical quality.

In 1 b) The same open-space office environment is shown, however, with climate-acoustic wall elements on the hitherto best possible state of the art DE 10 2007 005 870 B4 , Due to the only one-sided ejection, ten such wall modules are available for the same number of workstations ( 5 ), which has a negative effect on space requirements, optics and costs.

When using conventional air conditioners without acoustic absorber function, the space requirement would continue to rise. This would be at the expense of a generous appearance, if glass surfaces would have to give way, or at the expense of room acoustics, if the air conditioners would be mounted instead of absorbers. If necessary, even fewer users could be accommodated on the same area, which would reduce profitability.

2 a) shows the use of a partition element according to the invention according to the claims of this document in a wall between two completely separate rooms ( 4 ). At a thickness that does not exceed that of a conventional wall ( 6 ), both rooms are air conditioned, acoustically damped and at the same time acoustically highly effective separated from each other.

In 2 B) the same room situation is shown, but according to the best possible state of the art. There are two wall elements ( 5 ) for air conditioning and acoustic damping of the rooms needed, which approximately doubles space and costs.

The sectional drawings in 3 a) - 3 c) illustrate the composition and operation of the partition wall element according to the invention. The room air is supplied by the blower ( 7 ) through the inlet channels near the bottom ( 11 + 12 sucked when passing through the heat exchanger ( 8th ) or the cooling meander ( 22 ) cooled or heated and finally near the ceiling through the blow-out ( 13 + 14 ) again blown into the room.

In 4 is schematically represented by the inventive design of the partition wall element significantly extended way of sound from one room side to the other. Due to the forced passage of large mufflers, which can be performed in different ways according to the prior art, a high sound level attenuation is achieved (typically between 30 and 40 dB, depending on the version up to 50 dB).

5 shows an embodiment in which for cooling or heating of the air flowing through instead of a compact heat exchanger with fine fins to increase the surface area, a large-scale, meandering, water-bearing piping system is used.

In 6 It is shown schematically that the detour line for the sound from room A to room B does not necessarily have to be made by separating plates parallel to the wall surfaces. The separation of the air ducts can also be done in other spatial directions, for example, as shown orthogonal to the wall surface. The principle of the invention remains fully intact.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.

Glass element (room high)

Second

Acoustic absorber (room high)

Third

Sideboard (half height)

4th

Inventive partition element

5th

Wall element after DE 10 2007 005 870 B4

6th

solid wall

7th

fan

8th.

Air / water heat exchanger

9th

intake silencer

10th

exhaust muffler

11th

Intake duct room A

12th

Intake duct room B

13th

Blow-out duct room A

14th

Blow-out duct room B

15th

Acoustic absorber room A

16th

Acoustic absorber room B

17th

floor

18th

ceiling

19th

Meandering detour muffler inlet

20th

Meandering detour muffler outlet

21st

Path of sound from space A to room B

22nd

Kühlmäander

This arrangement results in a compact component, which has the characteristics of a high-performance cooling unit, a high-performance sound absorber according to requirements (b) and (c) and the requirements for a sound-absorbing partition wall equally and in a unit with a minimum possible area or space requirements combined.

Disregarded all the sound-absorbing measures of the prior art, to adversely affect the interior design of the room to hinder the thermal component activation by their simultaneous heat insulating effect and unnecessarily uplift the expansion costs (for a measure often regarded as incidental) , So the partition wall element according to the invention has the opportunity to eliminate the previously unsolved structural-physical dark sides of highly compacted jobs with a component, without additional space requirements.

The partition wall element according to the invention has a very high thermal efficiency, based on its component surface, on. Its energy consumption is very low, measured by its cooling capacity. The flow losses are well below 10% thanks to large-volume air ducts. The cooling capacity of about 1000-2000 W per element required according to (3) can be achieved without problems - with the highest comfort demands on the sound pressure level emitted by the device (<30 dB) as well as low and therefore draft-free outflow speeds. By the two-sided ejection of the conditioned air according to claim 1 a) can be covered with only one element, a very large area, when running as a continuous partition even two complete, acoustically (and visually) separate rooms. When used as a partition between two rooms or as a room divider in so-called open-space structures, the element without additional drywall or glass walls, solely by the inventive design, a Schalldämmmaß with which easily the high demands on sound insulation in building according to DIN 4109 achieve. In an embodiment according to claim 2, the partition wall element additionally fulfills the function of an acoustic absorber and thus enhances the acoustic quality of the room parts or the rooms sustainable. Due to the combination of air conditioner and absorber, which can be used on both sides, no further wall surface or volume is claimed, so that the full fulfillment of all hard requirements (a) to (c) with the partition wall element according to the invention first time in a simple and comfortable way is possible.

The wall element can be expected low operating and maintenance costs. It can be installed anywhere and flexibly without any additional space requirements, particularly cost-effectively, but above all integrated in system walls. It can be easily connected to central ventilation systems, even with the addition of fresh air into the cooling circuit, provided that the building is already equipped with appropriate domestic technical systems. A subsequent installation after a further compression of the workstations is readily possible, in which case again the advantage of bilateral ejection comes into play by fewer elements for a homogeneous conditioning of the rooms are needed.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10302704 B4 [0002]
• DE 102007005870 B4 [0002, 0018, 0022, 0029]

Claims (10)

Partition wall element for two rooms or room parts, which is designed for thermal conditioning of the room air, characterized in that: a) the rooms on both sides of a fully or partially separating room divider are conditioned together or independently by air inlets and outlets on both sides of the wall, without the need for two separate air conditioning units; b) a high acoustic separation between room A and room B is achieved by means of an internal muffler as an integral part of the open to both sides of the room air duct, whereby the element meets the usual sound insulation requirements for wall systems and thus is used as a full-fledged acoustic partition; c) a depth is achieved by the inventive design of the radiator and the muffler, which does not exceed that of a conventional partition with a comparable Schalldämmmaß. Partition element after Claim 1 , characterized in that the attenuation of the airborne sound from one side of the wall to the other (ie, for example, from room A to room B) via the same silencer, which also dampens the sound emitted by the cooling unit itself ( 4 ). Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a large part of the room-side surface (on both sides) acoustically effective (sound-absorbing) is performed. Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sound absorber is partly designed as a so-called broadband compact absorber with an embedded between two porous or fibrous plates, about 1-2 mm thick steel plate as a vibrating plate. Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the humidity of the air flowing through can be regulated, so both a dehumidification and a humidification is possible. Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling capacity and the circulated air quantity for both spatial sides of the element is separately controllable. The separate control can be realized as follows: a) with a common fan motor and two independent heat exchangers; b) with two independent fan motors and a common heat exchanger; c) with two independent fan motors and two independent heat exchangers. Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for damping the intake and exhaust noise and for sound insulation of room A to room B, a large-scale muffler is used according to the principle of detour ( 3 a), b ) and c)). Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for cooling or heating, the room air to be conditioned is passed through an air-water compact heat exchanger. Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for cooling or heating the room air to be conditioned is conducted past a large-scale, meandering, water-carrying pipe system ( 5 ). Partition element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air-conducting ducts for conditioning of room A and room B deviating from the illustrations in 3 can also be divided transversely to the component ( 6 ).

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