EP1433882B1 - Guiding board for jacquard harness, and manufacturing method for such a board - Google Patents

Abstract

The harness cord guide (40) consists of a bar with a series of holes through it for the cords (20), at least one of the holes (41) lying at an oblique angle to the bar's main plane (P40). The oblique direction (X41) of the hole is such that the angle between it and the upper portion (23) of the cord is smaller than the angle between the cord and a perpendicular to the bar. In addition, the oblique direction is basically orthogonal to the bisector of the upper (23) and lower (24) parts of the harness cord as it passes between a Jacquard mechanism and the guide bar, which has a series of holes lying at different angles.

Description

The invention relates to a guide member of the yarns of a harness Jacquard loom type. The invention also relates to a Jacquard harness incorporating such an organ, as well as to a method of manufacturing such an organ. The invention finally relates to a loom comprising such a member and / or such a harness.

In the field of looms Jacquard type, it is known to guide arcade son constituting a harness through a plate with holes arranged near the Jacquard mechanism, that is to say, in the upper part of the superstructure of the craft, and thanks to a plow board installed above the crowd formation area, these two boards for spatially distributing the yarns arcade. The arcade son thus follow angular paths defined by the holes through which they pass respectively in the plank with holes and in the plank. Given the angles of these paths relative to the vertical, significant friction is generated at these holes, which causes premature heating and wear of the arcade son.

To reduce this wear, one can consider working on the structure of the arcade son, as indicated in FR-A-2 711 997. However, the paths of the arcade son can be very tortured, especially for the son intended for order the smooth near the edges of the fabric. For these yarns, the angles of inclination of the yarns of the arcade yarns situated above the plank are such that significant localized stresses are exerted on these yarns, which induces friction forces and risks of high break. In this case, the speed of operation of the loom must be reduced, resulting in a loss of production.

It is also known from GB-A-151,761 to tilt planks whose structure is inherently conventional. An arcade wire guiding structure incorporating such inclined boards is large height space. It induces complex adjustments and the use of sophisticated media, which makes it expensive and cumbersome to use. Finally, this structure is not effective if the son have different inclinations between the Jacquard mechanism and a given board.

It is these drawbacks that the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a new arcade wire guiding member structure which makes it possible to limit the heating and the risks of breaking of these wires while allowing an increase in business performance.

In this spirit, the invention relates to a guide member of the yarns of a jacquard loom harness, this member being generally planar and provided with passage holes for these yarns, characterized in that at least one of these holes extends in an oblique direction relative to a main plane of this body.

By "oblique" is meant that the direction of the hole or holes in question is neither perpendicular nor parallel to the main plane of the guide member.

Due to the oblique character of the hole or holes of the guide member, which is advantageously a plowboard or a plank with holes, the friction forces at the upper edge of the oblique hole or holes are substantially reduced by a distribution the angle of change of direction between the upper and lower strands of the yarns. The main plane of the guide member is, in practice, substantially parallel to the trade chain.

• La direction oblique du trou est telle que l'angle entre un brin supérieur, qui s'étend entre une mécanique Jacquard et l'organe de guidage, d'un fil d'arcade et la direction du trou a une valeur inférieure à celle de l'angle entre ce brin et un axe orthogonal à ce plan.
• La direction oblique du trou est globalement orthogonale à la bissectrice des brins supérieur et inférieur du fil d'arcade qui s'étendent, respectivement, entre une mécanique Jacquard et l'organe précité et entre cet organe et une lisse commandée par ce fil, cette direction étant globalement coplanaire avec ces brins.
• Plusieurs trous s'étendent selon des directions obliques différentes par rapport au plan principal de l'organe. Ceci permet d'adapter la direction des trous à la répartition spatiale des brins des fils d'arcade, au-dessus et au-dessous de cet organe. On peut également prévoir que les trous sont répartis sur cet organe par zones dans chacune desquelles les trous s'étendent selon des directions faisant globalement le même angle avec le plan principal précité, cet angle étant différent d'une zone à une autre. Cette disposition consiste à prévoir, dans une même zone, des perçages sensiblement identiques dont l'obliquité présente une valeur moyenne telle qu'elle réduit les déviations d'arcades les plus critiques tout en augmentant les déviations les plus faibles. Il s'agit là d'un compromis positif.
• Les trous sont disposés de telle sorte qu'au moins un fil d'arcade traverse deux trous, l'un au moins de ces deux trous s'étendant selon une direction oblique par rapport au plan principal. Dans ce cas, on peut prévoir que les angles d'obliquité de ces deux trous sont différents. On peut également prévoir que ces deux trous communiquent avec au moins un volume apte à être mis en surpression par son alimentation à partir d'une source de gaz sous pression, ces trous constituant alors des orifices de sorties du gaz par rapport à ce volume.

According to non-mandatory but advantageous aspects of the invention, this guide member incorporates one or more of the following characteristics:

• The oblique direction of the hole is such that the angle between an upper run, which extends between a Jacquard mechanism and the guide member, of an arch wire and the direction of the hole has a lower value than that of the angle between this strand and an orthogonal axis to this plane.
• The oblique direction of the hole is generally orthogonal to the bisector of the upper and lower strands of the arch wire which extend, respectively, between a Jacquard mechanism and the aforementioned member and between this member and a rail controlled by this wire, this direction being coplanar with these strands.
• Several holes extend in different oblique directions with respect to the main plane of the organ. This makes it possible to adapt the direction of the holes to the spatial distribution of the strands of the arcade wires, above and below this organ. It is also possible that the holes are distributed on this body in zones in each of which the holes extend in directions generally the same angle with the aforementioned main plane, this angle being different from one area to another. This arrangement consists in providing, in the same zone, substantially identical bores, the obliquity of which has an average value such that it reduces the deviations of the most critical arcades while increasing the weakest deviations. This is a positive compromise.
• The holes are arranged such that at least one yarn passes through two holes, at least one of these two holes extending in a direction oblique to the main plane. In this case, we can predict that the obliqueness angles of these two holes are different. It can also be provided that these two holes communicate with at least one volume capable of being put under overpressure by its supply from a source of gas under pressure, these holes then constituting outlets of the gas relative to this volume.

The invention also relates to a jacquard loom harness which comprises at least one guide member as previously described.

The invention further relates to a loom comprising at least one guide member and / or a harness as previously described. Such a craft can operate at high speed, without excessive wear of its arcade son.

• a) déterminer la position théorique d'un trou de cet organe ;
• b) calculer, pour ce trou, l'angle d'inclinaison d'un brin du fil d'arcade traversant ce trou ;
• c) déterminer, pour ce trou, un angle de perçage en fonction de l'angle d'inclinaison calculé précédemment et de la position des trous voisins, percés ou à percer, et
• d) percer ce trou selon l'angle déterminé dans l'étape précédente.

The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a guiding member as previously described and, more specifically, to a manufacturing method which comprises the steps of:

• a) determining the theoretical position of a hole of this organ;
• b) calculate, for this hole, the angle of inclination of a strand of the yarn passing through this hole;
• c) determining, for this hole, a drilling angle according to the angle of inclination calculated previously and the position of the neighboring holes, drilled or to be drilled, and
• d) drill this hole according to the angle determined in the previous step.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, steps a) to c) are implemented between the successive bores of two holes of the guide member in order to individually adjust the drilling angle of each hole.

• a') diviser l'organe de guidage en plusieurs zones dans lesquelles sont percés des trous de passage des fils ;
• b') déterminer pour chaque trou, la zone à laquelle il appartient et
• c') percer ce trou selon un angle de perçage oblique par rapport à un plan principal de cet organe, cet angle étant identique pour tous les trous d'une même zone et différent d'une zone à une autre.

According to another approach, the method according to the invention comprises the steps of:

• a ') dividing the guide member into a plurality of zones in which passage holes of the wires are drilled;
• (b) determine for each hole the area to which it belongs and
• c ') drill this hole at an angle of oblique drilling relative to a main plane of this body, this angle being identical for all the holes of the same area and different from one area to another.

• e) on vérifie que le trou, percé selon l'angle déterminé à l'étape c) ou du fait de l'appartenance du trou à une zone, est compatible avec les trous voisins, déjà percés ou à percer, et l'on adapte éventuellement les paramètres relatifs à la position du trou et l'angle de perçage en fonction du résultat de la vérification.

According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, a step is carried out between steps c) and d) or between steps b ') and c') in which:

• e) it is verified that the hole, pierced according to the angle determined in step c) or because of the fact that the hole is part of an area, is compatible with the neighboring holes, already drilled or to be drilled, and possibly adapts the parameters relating to the position of the hole and the angle of drilling according to the result of the verification.

This allows, in the event of interference between two adjacent holes, to modify the drilling angle determined in step c) or because of the belonging of the hole to a zone, in particular to avoid an intersection between two holes. In practice, steps a), b) and c) or a ') and b') can be implemented for all the holes before the drilling begins. The position and inclination settings of the holes are then stored during each step a), b) or c), which facilitates the control of interference and the possible adjustment of these parameters.

• la figure 1 est une représentation schématique de principe d'un harnais Jacquard conforme à l'invention monté sur un métier à tisser ;
• la figure 2 est une vue à plus grande échelle du détail II à la figure 1 ;
• la figure 3 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 mais à plus petite échelle pour un dispositif de l'art antérieur ;
• la figure 4 est une représentation schématique partielle de la planche d'empoutage représentée à la figure 1 ;
• la figure 5 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 pour une planche d'empoutage conforme à un second mode de réalisation de l'invention et
• la figure 6 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 pour une planche d'empoutage conforme à un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.

The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will emerge more clearly in the light of the following description of three embodiments of a guiding member according to its principle and a harness according to the invention. invention pertaining to a Jacquard loom, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:

• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of principle of a Jacquard harness according to the invention mounted on a loom;
• Figure 2 is an enlarged view of Detail II in Figure 1;
• Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 but on a smaller scale for a device of the prior art;
• Figure 4 is a partial schematic representation of the comer board shown in Figure 1;
• FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 for a plow board according to a second embodiment of the invention and
• Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 3 for a plow board according to a third embodiment of the invention.

The loom M shown in FIG. 1 is equipped with a Jacquard mechanism 10 supported by a superstructure not shown above a zone Z in which the lugs 11 of heddles 12 are displaced, these lugs being traversed by the warp yarns. 13 of the trade.

The rails are animated by a substantially vertical oscillation movement represented by the double arrow F ₁ . The hinges are subjected to tensile forces F ₂ and F ₃ respectively exerted by the yokes 20 and by springs 21 fixed to the frame 22 of the trade M.

The yarns 20 belonging to a harness H are controlled by the mechanism 10 and each follow a path between this mechanism and the associated beam 12. The path of each wire 10 is defined by a plate with holes 30, disposed near the mechanical 10, and by a plowboard 40, disposed above the zone Z and at a relatively low height relative to that -this. The elements 30 and 40 constitute guide members of the wires 20.

The board 30 is provided with holes 31 for the passage of the wires 20.

Board 40 is also provided with holes 41 for passing wires 20. In accordance with the invention, these holes are not all perpendicular to a median plane P ₄₀ with respect to board 40, this plane P ₄₀ being a principal plane of the board 40, horizontal when it is installed, as shown in Figure 1.

Referring to FIG. 2, it is noted that the hole 41 represented in this figure extends in the direction of an axis X ₄₁ which makes an angle α _{41 of} less than 90 ° with respect to the plane P ₄₀ in the plane of FIG. 2 which contains the upper and lower strands 23 of the wire 20.

The upper strand 23 of the wire 20 is the strand that extends above the board 40, that is to say between the mechanics 10 and this board, passing through the board 30. The lower strand 24 is the strand which extends between the board 40 and the heald 12 associated with the wire 20. An intermediate strand 25 is disposed inside the hole 41, resting against its lateral surface 41 a . Depending on the movements of the wire 20, the parts of this wire constituting the strands 23 to 25 vary.

Strand 25 is at substantially the same angle with each of strands 23 and 24.

If we note F ₄ the tensile force exerted on the strand 23 by the mechanical 10 and if we note F ₅ the force exerted on the strand 24 by the rail 12, the force F ₆ exerted by the wire 20 on the board 40 is generally perpendicular to the surface 41 a . R The reaction force exerted by the plate 40 on the wire 20 depends on the force F and ₆ is mainly distributed at both upper edges 41b and bottom 41c of the hole 41. Thus, the force experienced by the wire 20 at the transition zones between the strands 23 and 25 on the one hand, 24 and 25 on the other hand has an intensity equal to about half of the effort R.

In practice, the angle α of inclination ₄₁ of the X-axis ₄₁ of the hole 41, the R reaction force is divided between the edges 41 b and 41 c. Each of the components of this force exerted at these edges has an intensity less than that of this effort.

With reference to FIG. 3, it will be noted that, in the case of a conventional plowboard 140 where a hole 141 is generally orthogonal to a main plane P ₁₄₀ of the plank 140, the reaction force R of FIG. board is concentrated at the upper edge of the orifice 141.

Thus, the inclined character of the hole 41 makes it possible to distribute, on two edge zones, the intensity of the stress experienced locally by the yarn 20 with a conventional plank, which makes it possible to increase consequently its duration. life.

Advantageously, the direction of the X axis ₄₁ is chosen such that it is perpendicular to the bisector of two straight lines D ₂₃ and D ₂₄ centered on the strands 23 and 24 of the wire 20. This particular orientation of the hole 41 allows optimized distribution of reaction and friction forces.

In addition, the angle β between the strand 23 and the X axis ₄₁ in FIG. 2 is smaller than the angle γ corresponding to FIG. 3, this angle γ being in fact equal to the angle between the upper strand of FIG. arc yarn and an axis ZZ 'perpendicular to plane P ₁₄₀ .

In addition, the edges 41 b and 41 c of the hole 41 are, in the usual manner, rounded to limit the stresses at their respective levels.

In practice, the board 40 is manufactured according to the harness H to which it will belong. More specifically, when the number of son of the harness H is known and when the type and the position of the mechanics 10 and the board 30 are known, the spatial distribution of the upper strands 23 of the son 20 can be calculated, which makes it possible to determine their respective angles θ ₂₃ with respect to the plane P ₄₀ . It is then possible to determine, notably by calculation by means of a computer, for each hole 41, its angle of inclination α ₄₁ with respect to the plane P ₄₀ , as a function of its position and the angle θ ₂₃ determined beforehand. .

Depending on the density of the holes, it is possible to anticipate by the calculation of possible interference between neighboring holes. One can then make compromises on the ideal theoretical values of position and drilling angle of the holes. These compromises can also be implemented to simplify drilling operations. It is then possible to drill, through a suitable machine such as a robot or a drill with swivel head, the hole P ₄₁ with the angle α ₄₁ previously determined.

The determination of the angle α ₄₁ can be performed for each hole 41, which allows to precisely adapt the orientation of these holes to the desired configuration of the harness.

As is more particularly apparent from FIG. 4, it is also possible to distribute the holes 41 of the board 40 in zones Z ₁ , Z ₂ , Z ₃ , ... in which the angle of inclination α ₄₁ , α ₄₂ or α ₄₃ of their respective axes X ₄₁ , X ₄₂ or X ₄₃ is constant, this angle α ₄₁ , α ₄₂ , α ₄₃ being different from one zone to another. Such a distribution simplifies the manufacture of the board 40.

In this case, the distribution of the reaction of the board 40 on the arcade queues is not necessarily balanced. However, the double deflection of the yarns contributes, again, to a reduction of their wear.

Note that, in the zone Z ₃ corresponding to the center of the plate 40, the angle α ₄₁ may be equal to 90 °.

In each zone Z ₁ , Z ₂ or Z ₃ , the angles α ₄₁ , α ₄₂ or α ₄₃ are adapted to reduce the deflection at the upper edge of the holes 41. In practice, they may be chosen according to an average on each zone, optimal angles described above.

As shown in FIG. 5 for a second embodiment, the plank 240 may be formed of two plates 242 and 243 in each of which there are respectively holes 241 and 241 'for the passage of arcing wires 220. the two plates 242 and 243 are defined a volume V connected to a source S of air under pressure, which allows an air flow to take place from the volume V towards the outside, as represented by the arrows E. This permanently clean holes 241.

As before, these holes extend in the direction of axes X ₂₄₁ and X _{241 '} which are oblique with respect to the median plane P ₂₄₀ of plate 240.

It will be noted that each wire 220 passes successively through a hole 241 and a hole 241 'and that the angle α ₂₄₁ or α ₂₄₁ , axes X ₂₄₁ and X ' ₂₄₁ of these two holes relative to the plane P ₂₄₀ is not necessarily the same.

As shown in FIG. 6, a plowboard 340 may be made in such a way that two holes 341 and 341 'are arranged directly in the extension of one another with X axes ₃₄₁ and X _341' oblique by relative to a median plane P ₃₄₀ of the plate 340, their obliquity angles α ₃₄₁ and α _{341 '} being different. The yarn 320 then changes direction in the thickness of the board 340 from one of the holes to the other.

The invention has been shown during its implementation with a plow board. It could also be implemented at the level of the plate with holes 30 shown in FIG.

The characteristics of the various embodiments shown can be combined with each other within the scope of the present invention. In particular, the holes 241 and 241 'of the embodiment of FIG. 5 can each be made as the double hole of FIG. 6, in which case the arch wire is subjected, in total, to six successive deflections.

In practice, the greater the number of deviations undergone by a wire, the less the wire is stressed.

Claims (14)

1. An element for guiding the harness cords of a harness of a Jacquard-type loom, said element being planar overall and provided with holes for said cords to pass through, characterised in that at least one of said holes (41; 241, 241'; 341, 341') extends in an oblique direction (X₄₁; X₂₄₁, X_241'; X₃₄₁, X_341') relative to a main plane (P₄₀; P₂₄₀; P₃₄₀) of said element (40; 240; 340).
2. An element according to Claim 1, characterised in that the oblique direction (X₄₁) of said hole (41) is such that the angle (β) between an upper strand (23), which extends between a Jacquard mechanism (10) and said element (40), of a harness cord (20) and said direction has a value less than that of the angle (γ) between said upper strand and an axis (Z-Z') orthogonal to said plane (P₄₀).
3. An element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the oblique direction (X₄₁) of said hole (41) is overall orthogonal to the bisecting line (B) of the upper (23) and lower (24) strands of said harness cord (20) which extend, respectively, between a Jacquard mechanism (10) and said element (40) and between said element and a heald (12) controlled by said cord, said direction also being overall coplanar with said strands.
4. An element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that several holes (41; 241, 241'; 341, 341') extend in different oblique directions (X₄₁; X₂₄₁, X_241'; X₃₄₁, X_341') relative to said main plane (P₄₀; P₂₄₀; P₃₄₀) of said element (40; 240; 340).
5. An element according to Claim 4, characterised in that said holes (41) are distributed over said element in zones (Z₁, Z₂, Z₃) in each of which said holes extend in directions (X₄₁, X₄₂, X₄₃) which form overall the same angle (α₄₁, α ₄₂, α ₄₃) with said plane (P₄₀), said angle (α₄₁, α₄₂, α₄₃) being different from one zone (Z₁, Z₂, Z₃) to another (Z₃, Z₂, Z₁).
6. An element according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said holes (241, 241'; 341, 341') are arranged such that at least one harness cord (220; 320) passes through two holes, one at least of said two holes extending in an oblique direction (X₂₄₁, X_241'; X₃₄₁, X_341') relative to said main plane (P₂₄₀; P₃₄₀).
7. An element according to Claim 6, characterised in that the angles of obliquity of said two holes (α ₂₄₁, α_241'; α₃₄₁, α_341') are different.
8. An element according to one of Claims 6 or 7, characterised in that said two holes (241, 241') communicate with at least one volume (V) capable of being pressurised by being fed from a pressurised gas source (S), said holes constituting exit orifices (F₆) for the gas from said volume.
9. A harness (H) of a Jacquard-type loom comprising harness cords (20; 220; 320) which are capable of being controlled by a Jacquard mechanism (10) for displacing healds (12), characterised in that it comprises at least one guide element (40; 240; 340) according to one of the preceding claims.
10. A Jacquard-type loom comprising at least one guide element (40; 240; 340) according to one of Claims 1 to 8 and/or a harness (H) according to Claim 9.
11. A process for manufacturing a guide element for the harness cords of a harness for a Jacquard-type loom, said element being planar overall and provided with holes for said cords to pass through which are cut into said element, characterised in that it comprises steps consisting of:

    - a) determining the theoretical position of a hole (41; 241, 241'; 341, 341') of said element (40; 240; 340),

    - b) calculating, for said hole, the angle of inclination (θ₂₃) of a strand (23) of the harness cord (20; 220) passing through said hole,

    - c) determining, for said hole, a cutting angle (α₄₁; α₂₄₁, α_241'; α₃₄₁, α _341') as a function of the angle of inclination (θ₂₃) calculated in step b) and of the position of the neighbouring holes which have already been cut or are to be cut,

    - d) cutting said hole at the angle determined in step c).
12. A process according to Claim 11, characterised in that it consists of implementing steps a) to c) between the successive cutting of two holes (41; 241, 241'; 341, 341') in said element (40; 240; 340), in order to adjust individually the cutting angle (α ₄₁; α₂₄₁, α₂₄₁; α₃₄₁ α_341') of each hole.
13. A process for manufacturing a guide element for the harness cords of a harness for a Jacquard-type loom, said element being planar overall and provided with holes for said cords to pass through which are cut into said element, characterised in that it comprises steps consisting of:

    - a') dividing said element into several zones (Z₁, Z₂, Z₃) into which are cut holes (41) for said cords (20) to pass through;

    - b') determining, for each hole, the zone to which it belongs and

    - c') cutting said hole at a cutting angle (α₄₁, α₄₂, α₄₃) which is oblique relative to a main plane (P₄₀) of said element, said angle being identical for all the holes of one and the same zone and different from one zone to another.
14. A process according to one of Claims 11 to 13, characterised in that it furthermore comprises a step (e) implemented between steps c) and d) or between steps b') and c'), in which:

    - e) it is checked that said hole (41; 241, 341), cut at said angle (α₄₁; α₂₄₁, α _241'; α₃₄₁, α_341') or owing to the hole belonging to a zone (Z₁, Z₂, Z₃), is compatible with the neighbouring holes which have already been cut or are to be cut, and the parameters relative to the position of said hole and said cutting angle may possibly be adapted as a function of the result of said checking.

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