EP1421271A1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents
Fuel injection valveInfo
- Publication number
- EP1421271A1 EP1421271A1 EP02740381A EP02740381A EP1421271A1 EP 1421271 A1 EP1421271 A1 EP 1421271A1 EP 02740381 A EP02740381 A EP 02740381A EP 02740381 A EP02740381 A EP 02740381A EP 1421271 A1 EP1421271 A1 EP 1421271A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel injection
- injection valve
- actuator
- piston
- chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of the main claim.
- a hydraulic coupler for a piezoelectric actuator is known from EP 0 477 400 A1, in which the actuator transmits a lifting force to a master piston.
- the master piston is non-positively connected to a guide cylinder for a slave piston.
- the slave piston, the guide cylinder and the master piston closing the guide cylinder form a hydraulic chamber.
- a spring is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, which presses the master piston and the slave piston apart.
- a rubber sleeve is arranged around an end section of the guide cylinder and the slave piston, by means of which a reservoir for a viscous hydraulic fluid is sealed off from a fuel chamber. The viscosity of the hydraulic fluid is adapted to the annular gap between the slave piston and the guide cylinder.
- the slave piston mechanically transmits a stroke movement to, for example, a valve needle. If the actuator transmits a stroke movement to the master piston and the guide cylinder, this stroke movement is transmitted to the slave piston by the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber, since the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber is not can be pressed together and only a small proportion of the hydraulic fluid through the annular gap during the short period of one. Hubes can escape into the storage space formed by the rubber sleeve.
- the spring pushes the slave piston out of the guide cylinder and the resulting negative pressure penetrates the hydraulic fluid into the hydraulic chamber via the annular gap and refills it.
- the coupler automatically adjusts to linear expansion and pressure-related expansion of a fuel injector.
- a disadvantage of the known prior art is that the sealing by a rubber sleeve, which is usually pressed by two clamping rings against the end section of the guide cylinder and the slave piston, is only incomplete in the long run.
- the highly viscous hydraulic fluid and the fuel can mix and the coupler can fail. If fuel, for example gasoline, gets into the interior of the coupler, a malfunction can occur since, due to the low viscosity of the gasoline, this liquid can pass through the annular gap too quickly and no pressure can build up in the pressure chamber during the stroke.
- the known prior art also offers no solution for how the piezo actuator can be protected from contact with fuel, in particular gasoline.
- a fuel injection valve with a piezo actuator which is connected to a large-area pressure piston.
- This pressure piston is preloaded against the piezoelectric actuator with a plate spring, which is supported against a fuel injector body.
- the pressure piston is guided in a bore in the valve body and has a central bore in which a slave piston is guided, which is connected to a valve needle.
- the fuel injector has a valve needle that opens inwards.
- the pressure chamber is connected to the actuator chamber via the annular gap between the slave piston and the pressure piston, ⁇ the bore in the pressure piston and a connecting bore.
- the actuator space serves as a storage space for a hydraulic fluid.
- a disadvantage of this known prior art is that no solution for an outwardly opening fuel injector is made possible. Another disadvantage is that no devices for quickly refilling the pressure rau s. after returning to the rest position are provided. Finally, the structure is multi-part and complicated, since a pressure piston, which is guided in the fuel injection valve in an exact bore. is, in turn, must have a bore for the slave piston that is to be manufactured exactly.
- the fuel injector according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage over that a secure sealing of the actuator space from the fuel can be achieved by the movable membrane. It is also advantageous that the check valve rapidly refills the pressure chamber after the piezo actuator has returned to its starting position and after the slave piston has returned to its starting position and thus the volume of the pressure chamber has increased. Due to the resulting negative pressure, the back Impact valve opened and the hydraulic fluid flows quickly and quickly into the pressure chamber.
- the movable membrane can advantageously be permanently sealed, for example if it is a thin metal membrane that can be attached to the slave piston as well as to a fuel injector body by means of weld seams. The sealing lines themselves are therefore not movable sealing lines and can be permanently sealed for life.
- the required flexibility is based solely on the elasticity of the membrane. It is particularly advantageous that the membrane does not interfere with the mobility of the slave piston, since there is the same pressure in the actuator chamber and in the fuel chamber and the deformability of the membrane moves into such a position that it does not have to absorb any forces from pressure differences that occur ,
- the piezo actuator is thus reliably protected from contact with the fuel and can be cooled by the highly viscous hydraulic fluid at the same time and can also be protected against wear due to contact friction with the housing of the fuel injector.
- the slave piston as well as the master piston can advantageously be designed as a deep-drawn part made of sheet metal.
- At least a partial section of the annular gap is located between the master piston or slave member.
- the slave piston is sealed and non-positively connected to the guide cylinder.
- the guide cylinder consists of a deep drawn sheet metal part or a pipe section which is sealingly connected to the slave piston by welding, a simple component is produced.
- the master piston is guided in this cup-like component.
- the check valve is a ball check valve, the valve seat of which is formed on the master piston.
- a ball check valve is inexpensive to manufacture and can be arranged in the pressure chamber with a small size.
- a silicone oil is used as the hydraulic fluid.
- An actuator spring can be designed as a spiral spring and enclose the hydraulic coupler.
- the necessary biasing force on the actuator can thus be achieved in a space-saving arrangement.
- the membrane advantageously has a wavy contour in a radial section.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through an embodiment of a fuel injector according to the invention in the region of the actuator and coupler.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a section of a fuel injection valve 1, the area of a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator 2 and an actuator space 3, which is connected to a lower actuator space 5 via a connection bore 4, being shown.
- the actuator 2 is arranged in an actuator space housing 6, which is delimited by a closure plate 7. Electrical connections 9 are passed through a bore 8 in the closure plate 7 and sealed by an O-ring 10.
- the actuator 1 is controlled with an electrical voltage via these electrical connections 9.
- An actuator spring 11 is supported on an intermediate plate 12 and presses an actuator head 13 against the actuator 2, so that it comes into contact with the closure plate 7.
- the guide cylinder 15 is sealingly and non-positively connected to a slave piston 16 by means of a weld seam 17.
- a coupler spring 18 exerts a prestressing force on the master piston 14, which tries to drive the master piston 14 out of the guide cylinder 15.
- the master piston 14, the guide cylinder 15, the slave piston 16 and the coupler spring 18 form the coupler 19.
- Inside the coupler 19, a check ball 20 is arranged, which via a check spring 21 and a guide sleeve 22 against a valve sealing seat 23 in the master piston 14 is pressed.
- the check ball 20, the check spring 21 and the sealing seat 23 form a check valve 24.
- Via inlet bores 25 The hydraulic fluid can reach the valve sealing seat 23 of the check valve 24 from the upper actuator chamber 3.
- the coupler 19 is guided by 'its guide cylinder 15 in a bore 26 of the washer 12th A membrane 29 with the washer is over an outer weld seam 27
- the membrane 29 separates one. Fuel chamber 30 from the lower actuator chamber 5. Since the lower actuator chamber 5 is connected via the connecting hole '4 with the upper actuator chamber 3, there is in the upper actuator chamber 3, the lower actuator chamber 5 and the fuel chamber 30 the same pressure, with the diaphragm 29 deformed until pressure equalization is established.
- the membrane 29 also follows the movement of the slave piston 16, and parts of the membrane 29 which are arranged further radially outward perform an opposite movement, so that the pressure compensation between the lower actuator chamber 5 and the fuel chamber 30 is also maintained during a stroke movement of the slave piston 16 , The stroke movement of the slave piston 16 is not or only insignificantly prevented or influenced by the membrane 29.
- the slave piston 16 transmits a possible stroke movement to a valve needle 31.
- the properties of the silicone oil can advantageously be optimized for the coupler and for use in the actuator space 3.
- By setting a suitable viscosity it can be achieved that the components of the master piston 14, the guide cylinder 15 and the slave piston 16 can be designed as inexpensive deep-drawing sheets that require relatively large gaps.
- the described embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention further enables the actuator 2 to be securely sealed off from the fuel chamber 30, since the sealing membrane 29 does not have to absorb any compressive forces.
- silicone oil exerts a damping effect both on the actuator 2 and on all other moving parts. Due to the high actuation rate of fuel injection valves 1, which is necessary in modern internal combustion engines, vibrations can occur which are effectively damped.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10140799A DE10140799A1 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2001-08-20 | Fuel injector |
DE10140799 | 2001-08-20 | ||
PCT/DE2002/001926 WO2003018992A1 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2002-05-25 | Fuel injection valve |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1421271A1 true EP1421271A1 (en) | 2004-05-26 |
EP1421271B1 EP1421271B1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
Family
ID=7696038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02740381A Expired - Lifetime EP1421271B1 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2002-05-25 | Fuel injection valve |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6948667B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1421271B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4116548B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100881583B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10140799A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003018992A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1511932B1 (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2006-11-29 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Injection valve |
JP4288182B2 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2009-07-01 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Metering device for fluids, especially injection valves for automobiles |
DE10245109A1 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-08 | Siemens Ag | Fuel injector valve for diesel and petrol engines with piezoelectric actuator enclosed in cooling fluid |
DE10307816A1 (en) * | 2003-02-24 | 2004-09-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE10344061A1 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-04-28 | Siemens Ag | Injection valve with a hydraulic compensation element |
US7100577B2 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2006-09-05 | Westport Research Inc. | Common rail directly actuated fuel injection valve with a pressurized hydraulic transmission device and a method of operating same |
DE102005025953A1 (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-07 | Siemens Ag | Compensator e.g. for injection valve, has pot shaped body with pot base and recess with piston provided at axially extending guide of piston having clearance fit of recess |
US7472844B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2009-01-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Fuel injector nozzle with tip alignment apparatus |
DE602006021529D1 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2011-06-09 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Actuator unit for an injection valve and injection valve |
DE102006019308A1 (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-10-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injector for fuel supply to internal combustion engine, especially in motor vehicle, has piezoactuator with foot on end remote from nozzle needle with sealing profile facing needle that contacts seal seat on injector body |
US7353806B2 (en) * | 2006-09-06 | 2008-04-08 | Cummins Inc. | Fuel injector with pressure balancing valve |
DE102007043532A1 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2009-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve arrangement for metering an aqueous urea solution |
US7665445B2 (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2010-02-23 | Caterpillar Inc. | Motion coupler for a piezoelectric actuator |
US8201543B2 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2012-06-19 | Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Piezoelectric direct acting fuel injector with hydraulic link |
DE112010002435B4 (en) * | 2009-06-10 | 2019-08-01 | Cummins Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Piezoelectric direct acting fuel injector with hydraulic connection |
DE102013012444A1 (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2015-01-29 | Astrium Gmbh | Valve assembly for switching and / or regulating a media flow of a spacecraft and spacecraft |
DE102013219225A1 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-26 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Piezo injector for direct fuel injection |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3121572A1 (en) * | 1981-05-30 | 1982-12-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | "INJECTION VALVE" |
ATE192263T1 (en) * | 1990-09-25 | 2000-05-15 | Siemens Ag | ARRANGEMENT FOR AN ADAPTIVE, MECHANICAL TOLERANCE COMPENSATION FOR THE DISTANCE TRANSFORMER OF A PIEZOELECTRIC ACTUATOR, ACTING IN THE STROKE DIRECTION |
DE4306072C2 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-12-08 | Siemens Ag | Device for opening and closing a passage opening in a housing |
DE4306073C1 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-06-01 | Siemens Ag | Metering system for dosing of fluids with injection valve for IC engine - has piston acting on closing unit, and spring with actuator acting on large dia. piston moving in cylinder |
DE19500706C2 (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 2003-09-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Metering valve for dosing liquids or gases |
DE19727992C2 (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-05-20 | Siemens Ag | Compensation element for compensation of temperature-related changes in length of electromechanical control systems |
DE19744235A1 (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-08 | Fev Motorentech Gmbh & Co Kg | Fuel injection nozzle for IC engine |
US5875764A (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 1999-03-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus and method for valve control |
DE19912666A1 (en) * | 1999-03-20 | 2000-09-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injector |
DE19940054C2 (en) * | 1999-08-24 | 2003-11-27 | Siemens Ag | Dosing valve for a pressurized fluid |
DE19946833C2 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2002-02-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Valve for controlling liquids |
DE10006319A1 (en) * | 2000-02-12 | 2001-08-16 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Fuel injection valve for an IC motor has a shaped structure as a limit stop for the movement of the piston and the jet needle to give a defined volume of injected fuel into the cylinders each time |
DE10015268A1 (en) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-04 | Siemens Ag | Injector with bypass throttle |
DE60125207T2 (en) * | 2000-10-11 | 2007-10-25 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corp., Auburn Hills | COMPENSATING DEVICE WITH A PRESSURE VALVE FOR A SOLID BODY ACTUATOR OF A FUEL INJECTION VALVE |
-
2001
- 2001-08-20 DE DE10140799A patent/DE10140799A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-05-25 EP EP02740381A patent/EP1421271B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-25 WO PCT/DE2002/001926 patent/WO2003018992A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-05-25 KR KR1020047002374A patent/KR100881583B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-25 JP JP2003523820A patent/JP4116548B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-25 DE DE50205654T patent/DE50205654D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-25 US US10/399,746 patent/US6948667B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03018992A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR100881583B1 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
KR20040027899A (en) | 2004-04-01 |
US20040031862A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
JP4116548B2 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
US6948667B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 |
EP1421271B1 (en) | 2006-01-18 |
JP2005500469A (en) | 2005-01-06 |
DE50205654D1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
DE10140799A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
WO2003018992A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
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