EP1420218B1 - Wärmesparender Kühler - Google Patents

Wärmesparender Kühler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1420218B1
EP1420218B1 EP03025862A EP03025862A EP1420218B1 EP 1420218 B1 EP1420218 B1 EP 1420218B1 EP 03025862 A EP03025862 A EP 03025862A EP 03025862 A EP03025862 A EP 03025862A EP 1420218 B1 EP1420218 B1 EP 1420218B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling fluid
heat exchanger
liquid
heat
inlet
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EP03025862A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1420218A3 (de
EP1420218A2 (de
Inventor
Vito Simi
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Rhoss SpA
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Rhoss SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/04—Desuperheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/385—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/023—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units
    • F25B2313/0233—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F25B2313/02331—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple indoor units in parallel arrangements during cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/025—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units
    • F25B2313/0253—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements
    • F25B2313/02533—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for using multiple outdoor units in parallel arrangements during heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat-save cooler.
  • the present invention relates to a single- or reversible-cycle cooler for centralized air conditioning systems, to which the following description refers purely by way of example.
  • a heat-save cooler according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from document US-A-6 427 480 .
  • centralized air conditioning systems normally comprise a cooler for cooling the liquid circulating in the fan convectors (fan coils) forming part of the system, so as to enable the fan convectors to withdraw heat from the surrounding environment and so cool the air in the rooms of the building in which they are installed.
  • the cooler In centralized air conditioning systems, the cooler (or coolers) normally operates on the heat pump principle, and is therefore capable of both cooling and heating the liquid circulating in the hydraulic circuit of the air conditioning system, so that the fan convectors of the air conditioning system can selectively withdraw or yield heat to or from the surrounding environment, depending on the time of year, with no need for a boiler.
  • addition of the "heat-save" function has also called for the addition of an auxiliary heat exchanger, immediately downstream from the delivery side of the compressor, where the high-pressure cooling fluid from the compressor exchanges heat with an external liquid eventually used for purposes not necessarily related to temperature control of the building, such as the production of hot water for domestic purposes.
  • auxiliary heat exchanger also calls for an auxiliary storage tank for storing additional liquid cooling fluid, by which to compensate, when necessary, for variations in the volume of the cooling fluid on passing to the liquid state in the auxiliary heat exchanger.
  • Number 1 in Figure 1 indicates as a whole a heat-save cooler, which may be used to advantage in centralized air conditioning systems of buildings; which systems normally comprise a number of fan convectors appropriately distributed within the building being temperature controlled, and at least one cooler for heating or cooling the heat-carrying liquid (normally water) conducted to the various fan convectors via the hydraulic circuit of the air conditioning system.
  • a heat-save cooler which may be used to advantage in centralized air conditioning systems of buildings; which systems normally comprise a number of fan convectors appropriately distributed within the building being temperature controlled, and at least one cooler for heating or cooling the heat-carrying liquid (normally water) conducted to the various fan convectors via the hydraulic circuit of the air conditioning system.
  • Cooler 1 operates on the heat pump principle, by which heat is transferred from one environment to another by subjecting a gaseous cooling fluid to a closed thermodynamic cycle, such as the Carnot cycle.
  • a gaseous cooling fluid to a closed thermodynamic cycle, such as the Carnot cycle.
  • the thermodynamic principles on which the heat pump is based are widely known and therefore not described in detail.
  • Cooler 1 comprises a first heat exchanger 2 where the cooling fluid exchanges heat with the outside environment; a second heat exchanger 3 where the cooling fluid exchanges heat with the heat-carrying liquid conducted to the fan convectors via the hydraulic circuit of the air conditioning system; and a third heat exchanger 4 where the cooling fluid exchanges heat with a second liquid eventually used for other purposes not necessarily related to temperature control of the building, e.g. producing hot water for domestic use.
  • Cooler 1 also comprises a cooling fluid compressor unit 5 where the cooling fluid is subjected to compression (e.g. adiabatic compression) so that the pressure of the cooling fluid leaving compressor unit 5 is greater than the pressure of the cooling fluid entering the compressor unit; and a cooling fluid distributor 6 for selectively and appropriately connecting, on command, the delivery side 5a and intake side 5b of compressor unit 5 to heat exchangers 2 and 3.
  • compression e.g. adiabatic compression
  • distributor 6 selectively connects delivery side 5a and intake side 5b of compressor unit 5 to heat exchangers 2 and 3 to enable cooler 1 to selectively:
  • Heat exchangers 2, 3, 4 and compressor unit 5 are devices widely used in the sector, and are therefore not described in detail.
  • heat exchanger 2 permits heat exchange between the cooling fluid and outside environment, so as to produce condensation or evaporation of the cooling fluid, depending on the difference in temperature between the cooling fluid and outside environment.
  • heat exchanger 2 allows the cooling fluid flowing through it to cool gradually and yield heat to the outside environment, while the noncondensed part of the fluid passes from the gaseous to the liquid state. Conversely, when the temperature of the cooling fluid entering heat exchanger 2 is lower than that of the outside environment, heat exchanger 2 allows the cooling fluid flowing through it to heat gradually and absorb heat from the outside environment, while passing from the liquid to the gaseous state.
  • heat exchanger 2 has two inlets and two outlets for the cooling fluid, which are appropriately connected to each other to define, in heat exchanger 2, a cooling path, along which the high-temperature cooling fluid is gradually cooled and yields heat to the outside environment, while passing from the gaseous to the liquid state; and a heating path, along which the low-temperature cooling fluid is gradually heated and absorbs heat from the outside environment, while passing from the liquid to the gaseous state.
  • heat exchanger 2 is defined by a known, forced-air, external heat exchanger, which has an inlet 2a for high-temperature gaseous cooling fluid, an outlet 2b for medium-temperature liquid cooling fluid, an inlet 2c for medium-temperature liquid cooling fluid, and an outlet 2d for low-temperature gaseous cooling fluid, and which coincides with inlet 2a.
  • Inlet 2a and outlet 2b of heat exchanger 2 define the ends of the cooling path; inlet 2a is connected directly to distributor 6 by a first connecting pipe 7; and outlet 2b is connected directly to heat exchanger 3 by a second connecting pipe 8, along which are fitted a known non-return valve 9 and a known dehydration filter 10.
  • Non-return valve 9 is so oriented as to only allow cooling fluid to flow from heat exchanger 2 to dehydration filter 10.
  • Inlet 2c and outlet 2d of heat exchanger 2 define the ends of the heating path; inlet 2c is connected directly to heat exchanger 3 by a connecting pipe 11 connected to pipe 8 immediately downstream from dehydration filter 10; and outlet 2d is connected directly to distributor 6 by pipe 7.
  • heat exchanger 3 permits heat exchange between the cooling fluid and the heat-carrying liquid supplied to the fan convectors, so as to increase or reduce the temperature of the cooling fluid by withdrawing or yielding heat from or to the heat-carrying liquid circulating in the air conditioning system.
  • heat exchanger 3 allows the cooling fluid flowing through it to cool gradually and yield heat to, and so heat, the heat-carrying liquid. Conversely, when the temperature of the cooling fluid entering heat exchanger 3 is lower than that of the heat-carrying liquid, heat exchanger 3 allows the cooling fluid flowing through it to heat gradually and absorb heat from, and so cool, the heat-carrying liquid.
  • Heat exchanger 3 has a primary circuit, along which flows the heat-carrying liquid conducted to the fan convectors of the air conditioning system; and a secondary circuit, along which the cooling fluid flows.
  • the inlet and outlet of the primary circuit - hereinafter indicated 3a and 3b - are connected to the hydraulic circuit of the air conditioning system; and the inlet and outlet of the secondary circuit - hereinafter indicated 3c and 3d - are connected, one directly to heat exchanger 2, and the other to distributor 6.
  • inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3 is connected directly to pipe 8 with the interposition of a controlled on-off valve 12 located immediately downstream from the junction of pipes 11 and 8 to intercept cooling fluid flow to and from dehydration filter 10; and outlet 3d of heat exchanger 3 is connected directly to distributor 6 by a connecting pipe 13.
  • Heat exchanger 4 permits heat exchange between the cooling fluid and water for domestic use, so that the cooling fluid is cooled by yielding heat to, and so heating, the domestic water.
  • the temperature of the cooling fluid entering heat exchanger 4 is always higher than that of the domestic water, so that the cooling fluid flowing through heat exchanger 4 is cooled gradually and yields heat to the domestic water, but not vice versa.
  • heat exchanger 4 has a primary circuit, along which flows the domestic water to be heated; and a secondary circuit, along which the cooling fluid flows.
  • the inlet and outlet of the primary circuit - hereinafter indicated 4a and 4b - are obviously connected to the hydraulic circuit of the building; and the inlet and outlet of the secondary circuit - hereinafter indicted 4c and 4d - are connected, one to the delivery side 5a of compressor unit 5, and the other to distributor 6, so as to connect heat exchanger 4 immediately downstream from compressor unit 5.
  • inlet 4c of heat exchanger 4 is connected by a pipe 14 directly to delivery side 5a of compressor unit 5; and outlet 4d of heat exchanger 4 is connected to distributor 6 by a connecting pipe 15, which is fitted with a non-return valve 16 oriented to only permit cooling fluid flow from heat exchanger 4 to distributor 6.
  • cooler 1 also comprises a liquid-gas separating unit 17 for retaining the liquid cooling fluid issuing from heat exchanger 4, so as to prevent the liquid cooling fluid from flowing along pipe 15 to distributor 6.
  • the separating unit is substantially defined by a liquid-gas separating tank 18 located along pipe 15, immediately downstream from heat exchanger 4 (i.e. upstream from non-return valve 16), to continually separate the liquid cooling fluid from the gaseous cooling fluid, and to retain inside it all the liquid cooling fluid issuing from heat exchanger 4.
  • Liquid-gas separating tank 18 is widely used in this sector for other applications, and is therefore not described in detail, except to state that it has a drain outlet 18a at the bottom by which to draw off liquid cooling fluid accumulated inside the tank.
  • liquid-gas separating unit 17 also comprises : a connecting pipe 19 which, by means of an end fork, connects drain outlet 18a of the tank to both inlet 2c of heat exchanger 2 and inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3; a controlled on-off valve 20 located along pipe 19, immediately downstream from drain outlet 18a, to control liquid cooling fluid flow from the liquid-gas separating tank; and an expansion valve 21 for rapidly expanding the cooling fluid flowing along pipe 19.
  • expansion valve 21 is located downstream from on-off valve 20, and rapidly expands the cooling fluid flowing along pipe 19 so that the pressure of the cooling fluid issuing from expansion valve 21 is lower than the pressure of the cooling fluid entering the valve.
  • liquid-gas separating unit 17 preferably, though not necessarily, also comprises a level switch 22 housed inside liquid-gas separating tank 18 to open on-off valve 20 when the liquid level inside liquid-gas separating tank 18 exceeds a predetermined threshold value; and two non-return valves 23 and 24, the first of which is located along the end portion of pipe 19 connected to inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3 to only permit cooling fluid flow to inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3, and the second of which is located along the end portion of pipe 19 connected to inlet 2c of heat exchanger 2 to only permit cooling fluid flow to inlet 2c of heat exchanger 2.
  • cooling fluid compressor unit 5 is, as stated, known, and comprises a conventional screw or piston compressor 25 for gaseous fluids (or similar); and a liquid-gas separating tank 26 located upstream from the intake side of compressor 25 to prevent the liquid cooling fluid from reaching the intake side of, and so irreparably damaging, compressor 25.
  • Cooling fluid compressor unit 5 preferably, though not necessarily, also comprises a non-return valve (not shown) located immediately downstream from delivery side 5a of compressor 25 and so oriented as to only permit gaseous cooling fluid flow to heat exchanger 4.
  • distributor 6 of cooler 1 is defined by a conventional, electrically controlled, four-way valve 27, which is driven by an electronic central control unit (not shown) of the cooler, together with on-off valve 12 and possibly on-off valve 20.
  • four-way valve 27 is a slide valve, which has four inlets selectively connectable directly with one another in pairs, and which can alternatively assume two distinct operating configurations enabling two of the four inlets of the valve to selectively and alternatively communicate directly with either one of the other two inlets of the valve.
  • four-way valve 27 has two primary inlets and two secondary inlets; and the primary inlets can be connected selectively and alternatively to either one of the two secondary inlets of the valve, but can never communicate directly with each other.
  • four-way valve 27 has four inlets 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d, and can assume two distinct operating configurations : in a first operating configuration, inlet 27a communicates directly with inlet 27b, while inlet 27c communicates directly with inlet 27d; in a second operating configuration, inlet 27a communicates directly with inlet 27d, while inlet 27c communicates directly with inlet 27b.
  • inlet 27a of four-way valve 27 is connected directly by pipe 15 to liquid-gas separating unit 17; inlet 27b is connected directly to pipe 7; inlet 27c is connected directly by a pipe 29 to liquid-gas separating tank 26 and intake side 5b of compressor unit 5; and inlet 27d of four-way valve 27 is connected directly to pipe 13 from heat exchanger 3.
  • inlets 27a and 27c define the primary inlets, and inlets 27b and 27d the secondary inlets of four-way valve 27.
  • cooler 1 also has at least one expansion valve 28 for rapidly expanding the cooling fluid, so as to complete the closed thermodynamic cycle in opposition to compressor unit 5, which rapidly compresses the cooling fluid.
  • expansion valve 28 rapidly expands the in-transit cooling fluid, so that the pressure of the cooling fluid issuing from expansion valve 28 is lower than the pressure of the cooling fluid entering the valve, and is obviously located along the pipe connecting the heat exchanger in which the cooling fluid is cooled to the heat exchanger in which the cooling fluid is heated before returning to compressor unit 5.
  • cooler 1 comprises three expansion valves 28 : a first expansion valve 28 is located along pipe 8, between inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3 and on-off valve 12; and a second and third expansion valve 28 are located along pipe 11, at inlet 2c of heat exchanger 2.
  • cooler 1 also comprises a bypass circuit 31, by which the cooling fluid from inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3 bypasses the expansion valve 28 along pipe 8.
  • Bypass circuit 31 comprises a connecting pipe 32 having a first end branch connected to pipe 8, between inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3 and expansion valve 28, and a second end branch connected to pipe 8, between non-return valve 9 and dehydration filter 10; a cooling fluid storage tank 33 located along pipe 32; and a non-return valve 34 located along pipe 32, between storage tank 33 and pipe 8.
  • the non-return valve 34 is so oriented as to only allow cooling fluid flow from storage tank 33 to dehydration filter 10, but not vice versa.
  • cooler 1 Operation of cooler 1 will now be described, assuming it is initially in the summer configuration, i.e. in the operating mode in which it withdraws heat from the heat-carrying liquid at heat exchanger 3, and yields heat to the outside environment at heat exchanger 2.
  • on-off valve 12 is in the open position, and four-way valve 27 is in the first operating position wherein inlet 27a communicates directly with inlet 27b, and inlet 27c communicates directly with inlet 27d.
  • the cooling fluid from compressor 25 flows successively through pipe 14, heat exchanger 4, pipe 15, liquid-gas separating tank 18, and non-return valve 16 to inlet 27a of four-way valve 27 of distributor 6.
  • the cooling fluid flows through four-way valve 27, out through inlet 27b, and along pipe 7 to inlet 2a of heat exchanger 2, where it yields heat to the outside environment and is cooled.
  • the cooling fluid flows out of heat exchanger 2 through outlet 2b and successively, along pipe 8, through non-return valve 9, dehydration filter 10, on-off valve 12 and, finally, expansion valve 28, where it is expanded rapidly before flowing through inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3.
  • the cooling fluid absorbs heat from the heat-carrying liquid circulating in the hydraulic circuit of the air conditioning system, then flows along pipe 13 to distributor 6, and from there back to compressor 25 via liquid-gas separating tank 26.
  • cooling fluid from heat exchanger 3 flows along pipe 13 to inlet 27d of four-way valve 27, out through inlet 27c of the valve, and along pipe 29 to liquid-gas separating tank 26 communicating directly with the intake side of compressor 25.
  • outlet 3d of heat exchanger 3 communicates directly with intake side 5b of compressor unit 5, which is therefore able to draw in by suction not only the cooling fluid from pipe 8, but also all the cooling fluid in bypass circuit 31, i.e. in pipe 32 and storage tank 33.
  • emptying bypass circuit 31 obviously has no effect on normal cooling fluid flow from heat exchanger 2 along pipe 8.
  • the electronic central control unit (not shown) governing operation of cooler 1 closes on-off valve 12 and sets four-way valve 27 to the second operating position.
  • cooling fluid from compressor 25 flows successively through pipe 14, heat exchanger 4, pipe 15, liquid-gas separating tank 18, and non-return valve 16 to inlet 27a of four-way valve 27 of distributor 6, where it flows out through inlet 27d of four-way valve 27 and along pipe 13 into heat exchanger 3 through outlet 3d.
  • the cooling fluid flows out through inlet 3c of heat exchanger 3; flows along an initial portion of pipe 8 and is side-tracked into bypass circuit 31 before reaching expansion valve 28 in pipe 8; flows along pipe 32 and successively through storage tank 33 and non-return valve 34; and eventually flows back to pipe 8 upstream from dehydration filter 10.
  • Expansion valve 28 in fact, prevents the cooling fluid from flowing along pipe 8 directly to on-off valve 12.
  • the cooling fluid flows through dehydration filter 10, and is then side-tracked along pipe 11, along which it flows through expansion valves 28 before reaching inlet 2c of heat exchanger 2.
  • the cooling fluid is subjected to rapid (e.g. isoenthalpic) expansion, thus bringing about a rapid fall in temperature.
  • the cooling fluid is heated by absorbing heat from the outside environment, and flows out of the exchanger through inlet 2d and along pipe 7 to inlet 27b of four-way valve 27.
  • cooling fluid is directed to inlet 27c of the valve, from which it flows along pipe 29 to liquid-gas separating tank 26 communicating directly with the intake side of compressor 25.
  • liquid-gas separating tank 18 retains all the liquid cooling fluid issuing from heat exchanger 4, regardless of whether all or part of the cooling fluid flowing through heat exchanger 4 condenses and yields heat.
  • level switch 22 inside liquid-gas separating tank 18 opens on-off valve 20 to allow the liquid cooling fluid to flow along pipe 19 to expansion valve 21.
  • liquid cooling fluid is subjected to rapid (e.g. isoenthalpic) expansion, thus bringing about a rapid fall in pressure and temperature.
  • rapid e.g. isoenthalpic
  • the cooling fluid issuing from expansion valve 21 is forced towards inlet 2c/3c of the heat exchanger 2/3 currently operating as an evaporator, i.e. towards the inlet of the heat exchanger in which the cooling fluid is able to absorb heat to increase its own temperature and pass entirely to the gaseous state.
  • cooler 1 liquid-gas separating unit 17 immediately downstream from heat exchanger 4 provides for disassociating the quantity of cooling fluid in cooler 1 from operation with or without heat saving by means of heat exchanger 4, so that cooler 1 can be loaded with the amount of cooling fluid actually required for correct operation, as in the absence of heat exchanger 4.
  • liquid-gas separating unit 17 provides for eliminating the auxiliary liquid cooling fluid storage tank and everything connected to it, thus greatly improving reliability of the cooler as a whole.
  • cooler 1 As described and illustrated herein without, however, departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • heat-save cooler 1 may be a single- as opposed to a reversible-cycle type, and therefore have no summer-to-winter switching components, i.e. four-way valve 27, bypass circuit 31, etc.
  • pipe 15 is connected directly to pipe 7
  • pipe 13 is connected directly to pipe 29.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Freezing, Cooling And Drying Of Foods (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Wärmesparender Kühler (1), umfassend einen ersten Wärmetauscher (2), wo ein Kühlfluid Wärme mit der äußeren Umgebung austauscht, einen zweiten Wärmetauscher (3), wo das Kühlfluid Wärme mit einer ersten Flüssigkeit austauscht, eine Kühlfluidkompressoreinheit (5), wo das Kühlfluid komprimiert wird, um seinen Druck zu erhöhen, und einen dritten Wärmetauscher (4), wo das Kühlfluid Wärme mit einer zweiten Flüssigkeit austauscht; wobei der dritte Wärmetauscher (4) der Kompressoreinheit (5) direkt nachgeschaltet angeordnet ist;
    wobei der wärmesparende Kühler (1) ferner eine Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenneinheit (17) umfasst, welche dem dritten Wärmetauscher (4) direkt nachgeschaltet angeordnet ist, um das flüssige Kühlfluid, welches von dem dritten Wärmetauscher (4) ausströmt, zurückzuhalten; wobei die Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenneinheit (17) einen Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenntank (18) umfasst, welcher dem dritten Wärmetauscher (4) direkt nachgeschaltet angeordnet ist und zum kontinuierlichen Trennen flüssigen Kühlfluids von gasförmigem Kühlfluid und zum in ihm Zurückhalten all des flüssigen Kühlfluids, welches von dem dritten Wärmetauscher (4) ausströmt; wobei der Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenntank (18) ferner einen Ablaufauslass (18a) aufweist, um durch ihn flüssiges Kühlfluid, welches in dem Tank angesammelt wurde, abzuziehen;
    wobei der wärmesparende Kühler (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenneinheit (17) ferner umfasst: eine Verbindungsleitung (19) zum Verbinden des Ablaufauslasses (18a) des Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenntanks (18) sowohl mit dem Einlass (2c) des ersten Wärmetauschers (2) als auch mit dem Einlass (3c) des zweiten Wärmetauschers (3); ein gesteuertes und/oder geregeltes Ein/Aus-Ventil (20), welches längs der Verbindungsleitung (19), nachgeschaltet dem Ablaufauslass (18a), angeordnet ist, um einen flüssigen Kühlfluidstrom von dem Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenntank (18) zu steuern und/oder zu regeln; ein Expansionsventil (21) zum schnellen Expandieren des längs der Verbindungsleitung (19) strömenden Kühlfluids; und einen Kühlfluidverteiler (6) zum entsprechenden Verbinden des dritten Wärmetauschers (4) und der Kompressoreinheit (5) mit dem ersten (2) und dem zweiten (3) Wärmetauscher.
  2. Wärmesparender Kühler nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenneinheit (17) ferner einen Niveauschalter (22) zum Öffnen des Ein/Aus-Ventils (20), wenn das Flüssigkeitsniveau in dem Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenntank (18) einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert übersteigt, umfasst.
  3. Wärmesparender Kühler nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Flüssigkeit-Gas-Trenneinheit (17) ferner umfasst: ein erstes Rückschlagventil (23), welches längs des Endbereichs der Verbindungsleitung (19) angeordnet ist und mit dem Einlass (3c) des zweiten Wärmetauschers (3) in Verbindung steht, um nur einen Kühlfluidstrom zu dem Einlass (3c) des zweiten Wärmetauschers (3) zuzulassen; und ein zweites Rückschlagventil (24), welches längs des Endteils der Verbindungsleitung (19) angeordnet ist und mit dem Einlass (2c) des ersten Wärmetauschers (2) in Verbindung steht, um nur einen Kühlfluidstrom zu dem Einlass (2c) des ersten Wärmetauschers (2) zuzulassen.
  4. Wärmesparender Kühler nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlfluidverteiler (6) ein Vierwegeventil (27) umfasst, welches vier Einlässe (27a, 27b, 27c, 27d) aufweist, welche selektiv direkt paarweise verbindbar sind.
EP03025862A 2002-11-13 2003-11-11 Wärmesparender Kühler Expired - Lifetime EP1420218B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO20020982 2002-11-13
IT000982A ITTO20020982A1 (it) 2002-11-13 2002-11-13 Macchina frigorifera con recupero di calore

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EP1420218A2 EP1420218A2 (de) 2004-05-19
EP1420218A3 EP1420218A3 (de) 2004-12-22
EP1420218B1 true EP1420218B1 (de) 2008-09-10

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EP (1) EP1420218B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE408103T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60323443D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2312712T3 (de)
IT (1) ITTO20020982A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013164036A1 (en) * 2012-05-04 2013-11-07 Carrier Corporation Refrigeration circuit and heating and cooling system
CN111927759B (zh) * 2020-08-14 2022-02-11 烟台华顺机械工程设备有限公司 适于高温环境的天车轨道辅助防护设备

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3324671A (en) * 1966-04-19 1967-06-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp Refrigeration systems
US3461907A (en) * 1966-08-18 1969-08-19 Charles P Wood Jr Liquid level control device for refrigeration systems
CA2128178A1 (en) * 1994-07-15 1996-01-16 Michel Antoine Grenier Ground source heat pump system
US5758514A (en) * 1995-05-02 1998-06-02 Envirotherm Heating & Cooling Systems, Inc. Geothermal heat pump system
JP4078812B2 (ja) * 2000-04-26 2008-04-23 株式会社デンソー 冷凍サイクル装置
US6293108B1 (en) * 2000-06-30 2001-09-25 Vortex Aircon Regenerative refrigeration system with mixed refrigerants

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ATE408103T1 (de) 2008-09-15
EP1420218A3 (de) 2004-12-22
DE60323443D1 (de) 2008-10-23
EP1420218A2 (de) 2004-05-19
ITTO20020982A1 (it) 2004-05-14
ES2312712T3 (es) 2009-03-01

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