EP1411149A1 - Process for stripping coatings from components - Google Patents
Process for stripping coatings from components Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1411149A1 EP1411149A1 EP02023394A EP02023394A EP1411149A1 EP 1411149 A1 EP1411149 A1 EP 1411149A1 EP 02023394 A EP02023394 A EP 02023394A EP 02023394 A EP02023394 A EP 02023394A EP 1411149 A1 EP1411149 A1 EP 1411149A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- component
- bath
- salt bath
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/44—Compositions for etching metallic material from a metallic material substrate of different composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/28—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with molten salts
- C23G1/32—Heavy metals
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for removing a Layer area of a component.
- thermal barrier coatings have been developed those on thermally stressed components, for example Made of super alloys that are applied alone no longer withstand the high inlet temperatures could.
- the ceramic thermal barrier coating offers the advantage of one high temperature resistance due to their ceramic properties and the metallic substrate take advantage of good ones mechanical properties in this composite or layer system.
- composition of these MCrAlY layers can vary however, all MCrAlY layers are subject to the overlying ones Ceramic layer of corrosion by oxidation, sulfidation or other chemical and / or mechanical Attacks.
- the MCrAlY layer often degrades to a greater extent than the metallic substrate (for example Ni, Co-based superalloy), ie that the service life of the composite system consisting of substrate and layer is determined by the service life of the MCrAlY layer.
- the MCrAlY layer is only partially functional after a long period of use, however, the substrate can still be fully functional.
- EP 759 098 B1 shows a method for cleaning Turbine airfoils using potassium hydroxide becomes.
- the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, in which a treatment of the component before an acid treatment done in a salt bath.
- Figure 1 shows a component 1, which with the inventive Procedure to be dealt with.
- the surface area 10 consists, for example, of an oxide that was formed at high temperatures.
- Areas that are not degraded can also be methods according to the invention are removed.
- Figure 2 shows a further component 1, which with the invention Procedure can be treated.
- the component 1 consists of a substrate 4 (e.g. nickel, cobalt-based superalloy) and a layer 7 (e.g. MCrAlY) which is degraded and is to be removed using the method according to the invention.
- a substrate 4 e.g. nickel, cobalt-based superalloy
- a layer 7 e.g. MCrAlY
- the substrate 4 can also be degraded, the degraded regions of the substrate 4 then also being removed, for example.
- rough mechanical pre-cleaning such as sandblasting or flow grinding
- sandblasting or flow grinding can be used to first remove the layer regions 7, 10 to be removed and / or a ceramic thermal insulation layer which is arranged above the layer 7.
- the treatment with sandblasting and / or flow grinding can also take place between or after the individual salt and acid treatments or at the end.
- the component 1, in particular the layer regions 7, 10 to be removed, is then treated in a liquid salt bath (melt) into which at least the regions 7, 10 of the component 1 are immersed.
- a liquid salt bath (melt) into which at least the regions 7, 10 of the component 1 are immersed.
- salts is understood, for example, to mean, inter alia, compounds of metal (metal ion) and acid residue (acid less than a hydrogen ion), for example NaHCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , CaCO 3 .. and / or base residue.
- the use of such a compound for the salt bath presupposes that the salt is chemically attacked on the component 1.
- the salt bath consists, for example, of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) (for example a melt bath, ie liquid at temperatures higher than room temperature). Both salts can also be used together and then in particular have a mixing ratio of 50 to 50 percent by volume. Further salt baths are conceivable.
- sodium oxide (NaO 2 ) above salts can also be added, for example, as an oxygen supplier, which increases the chemical attack on the areas to be removed.
- oxygen suppliers are conceivable, such as an oxygen supply, oxides or metal oxides.
- Treatments of component 1 can also be carried out in different ways Salt baths can be made one after the other.
- washing and / or drying takes place.
- the temperature differences between the salt bath and the washing medium are used for a thermal shock, which mechanically weakens the layer area to be removed due to the formation of cracks.
- an acid treatment is carried out, for example, with nitric acid HN0 3 and / or sulfuric acid H 3 PO 4 .
- Other acids eg sulphurous, sapletous acid, carbonic acid, hydrofluoric acid, ...) and / or acid mixtures are conceivable and are tailored to the respective salt bath.
- the individual treatment steps in which the component with comes into contact with the salt bath or the various acids, as well as watering and drying can each be done multiple times be repeated.
- FIG. 3 shows a device 22 with which the method according to the invention can be carried out.
- the device 22 consists of a container 19 in which a liquid salt or salt mixture or an acid is present.
- the component 1 is immersed in this liquid.
- the method can be shortened or improved if an ultrasound probe 16 is present in the bath 13 and is operated.
- FIG. 4 shows a component 1 which has been treated by the method according to the invention. Component 1 no longer has any corroded areas.
- Flow grinding (see DE 199 02 422A1) is suitable particularly for components 1, in particular for blades of Turbines, with interiors where degraded areas in the Interior are present.
- outside areas are preferably sandblasted, being there
- corundum is used.
- the maximum jet pressure and the Particle size of the blasting material can be adjusted to the Do not damage the substrate.
- a salt from Degussa which is marketed under the trade name DUFERRIT RS DGS, is preferably used for the salt bath. Oxides of the component that are exposed to the salt bath are transformed into more oxide-rich compounds that are more acid-soluble.
- the coefficients of expansion of oxides and metals are generally different.
- a thermal shock is caused, which creates cracks in the area (7, 11) to be removed and weakens it mechanically, for example by enlarging the attack surfaces for salt and / or acid.
- This thermal shock is used as an additional effect when cleaning.
- care must be taken that a certain temperature gradient in the component is not exceeded so that no cracks are generated in the substrate or component.
- Diammonium EDTA is used as the complexing agent.
- the complexing agent can bind metals, thereby removing them.
- the treatment with the complexing agent can take place between, before or after the individual salt and acid treatments.
- an ultrasound probe 16 can also be used in the bath 13 with the complexing agent in order to accelerate the process.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Entfernung eines Schichtbereichs eines Bauteils.The invention relates to a method for removing a Layer area of a component.
In heutigen modernen Energieerzeugungsanlagen, wie z. B. Gasturbinenanlagen, spielt der Wirkungsgrad eine wichtige Rolle, weil dadurch die Kosten für den Betrieb der Gasturbinenanlagen reduziert werden können.In today's modern power generation plants, such as. B. gas turbine plants, efficiency plays an important role because this reduces the cost of operating the gas turbine plants can be reduced.
Die Möglichkeit, den Wirkungsgrad zu erhöhen und damit die Betriebskosten zu reduzieren besteht darin, Einlasstemperaturen eines Verbrennungsgases innerhalb einer Gasturbine zu erhöhen.The possibility of increasing the efficiency and thus the Reducing operating costs is to reduce inlet temperatures of a combustion gas within a gas turbine increase.
Aus diesem Grund wurden keramische Wärmedämmschichten entwickelt, die auf thermisch belasteten Bauteilen, beispielsweise aus Superlegierungen, aufgebracht werden, die alleine den hohen Einlasstemperaturen auf Dauer nicht mehr standhalten könnten.For this reason, ceramic thermal barrier coatings have been developed those on thermally stressed components, for example Made of super alloys that are applied alone no longer withstand the high inlet temperatures could.
Die keramische Wärmedämmschicht bietet den Vorteil einer hohen Temperaturresistenz aufgrund ihrer keramischen Eigenschaften und das metallische Substrat den Vorteil der guten mechanischen Eigenschaften in diesem Verbund- oder Schichtsystem. Typischerweise ist zwischen dem Substrat in der keramischen Wärmedämmschicht eine Haftvermittlungsschicht mit der Zusammensetzung MCrAlY (Hauptbestandteile) aufgebracht, wobei M bedeutet, dass ein Metall aus der Gruppe Nickel, Chrom oder Eisen verwendet wird.The ceramic thermal barrier coating offers the advantage of one high temperature resistance due to their ceramic properties and the metallic substrate take advantage of good ones mechanical properties in this composite or layer system. Typically is between the substrate in the ceramic Thermal insulation layer an adhesion promoting layer with the Composition MCrAlY (main components) applied, where M means that a metal from the group nickel, chromium or Iron is used.
Die Zusammensetzung dieser MCrAlY-Schichten kann variieren, jedoch unterliegen alle MCrAlY-Schichten trotz der aufliegenden Keramikschicht einer Korrosion durch Oxidation, Sulfidation oder anderen chemischen und/oder mechanischen Angriffen.The composition of these MCrAlY layers can vary however, all MCrAlY layers are subject to the overlying ones Ceramic layer of corrosion by oxidation, sulfidation or other chemical and / or mechanical Attacks.
Die MCrAlY-Schicht degradiert dabei häufig in einem stärkeren
Maße als das metallische Substrat (bspw. Ni-, Co basierte
Superlegierung), d.h. dass die Lebensdauer des Verbundsystems
aus Substrat und Schicht bestimmt wird durch die Lebensdauer
der MCrAlY-Schicht.
Die MCrAlY-Schicht ist nach längerem Einsatz nur noch bedingt
funktionstüchtig, hingegen kann das Substrat noch voll funktionstüchtig
sein.The MCrAlY layer often degrades to a greater extent than the metallic substrate (for example Ni, Co-based superalloy), ie that the service life of the composite system consisting of substrate and layer is determined by the service life of the MCrAlY layer.
The MCrAlY layer is only partially functional after a long period of use, however, the substrate can still be fully functional.
Es besteht also der Bedarf, die im Einsatz degradierten Bauteile, beispielsweise Turbinenlaufschaufeln oder -leitschaufeln oder Brennkammerteile, aufzuarbeiten, wobei die korrodierten Schichten oder Zonen der MCrAlY-Schicht oder des Substrats abgetragen werden müssen, um eventuell neue MCrAlY-Schichten oder andere Schutzschichten und/oder wiederum eine Wärmedämmschicht aufzubringen. Die Verwendung von vorhandenen, benutzten Substraten führt zu einer Kostenreduzierung beim Betrieb von Gasturbinenanlagen.So there is a need to use the degraded components for example turbine blades or vanes or combustion chamber parts, where the corroded layers or zones of the MCrAlY layer or the Substrate must be removed to possibly new MCrAlY layers or other protective layers and / or again one Apply thermal insulation layer. The use of existing, used substrates leads to a cost reduction in the operation of gas turbine plants.
Dabei muss beachtet werden, dass das Design der Turbinenschaufel und der Leitschaufel nicht verändert wird, das heißt, dass ein gleichmäßiger Oberflächenabtrag vom Material erfolgt. Weiterhin dürfen keine Korrosionsprodukte zurückbleiben, die bei einer Neubeschichtung mit einer MCrAlY-Schicht und/oder einer anderen Schutzschicht und/oder einer keramischen Wärmedämmschicht eine Fehlerquelle bilden oder zu einer schlechten Haftung dieser Schichten führen würden.It should be noted that the design of the turbine blade and the vane is not changed, that means that the surface is evenly removed from the material he follows. Furthermore, no corrosion products are allowed remaining with a new coating with a MCrAlY layer and / or another protective layer and / or form a source of error in a ceramic thermal barrier coating or lead to poor adhesion of these layers would.
Die EP 759 098 B1 zeigt ein Verfahren zur Reinigung von Turbinenschaufelblättern, bei dem Kaliumhydroxid verwendet wird. EP 759 098 B1 shows a method for cleaning Turbine airfoils using potassium hydroxide becomes.
Ebenso ist es Stand der Technik, korrodierte Schichten durch
Säurestrippen zu entfernen, wie es aus der US-PS 5,944,909
bekannt ist.
Die bekannten Verfahren führen oft zu keinem oder zu einem
ungleichmäßigen Abtrag und sind auch sehr zeitintensiv.It is also prior art to remove corroded layers by acid stripping, as is known from US Pat. No. 5,944,909.
The known methods often lead to no or uneven removal and are also very time-consuming.
Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, dieses Problem zu überwinden.It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome this problem.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem vor einer Säurebehandlung eine Behandlung des Bauteils in einem Salzbad erfolgt.The object is achieved by a method according to claim 1, in which a treatment of the component before an acid treatment done in a salt bath.
Weitere vorteilhafte Verfahrensschritte sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgelistet.Further advantageous method steps are in the subclaims listed.
Es zeigen
- Figur 1
- ein Bauteil,
- Figur 2
- ein Schichtsystem,
- Figur 3
- eine Vorrichtung, um das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren durchzuführen, und
Figur 4- ein mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren behandeltes Bauteil.
- Figure 1
- a component,
- Figure 2
- a layer system,
- Figure 3
- a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, and
- Figure 4
- a component treated with the method according to the invention.
Figur 1 zeigt ein Bauteil 1, das mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren behandelt werden soll.Figure 1 shows a component 1, which with the inventive Procedure to be dealt with.
Das Bauteil 1, das bspw. aus Metall oder einer Metalllegierung
besteht, weist einen Oberflächenbereich 10 auf, der
bspw. durch Korrosion, Oxidation oder in sonstiger Art und
Weise degradiert ist und entfernt werden soll.
Der Oberflächenbereich 10 besteht bspw. aus einem Oxid, das
bei hohen Temperaturen entstanden ist. The component 1, which consists for example of metal or a metal alloy, has a
The
Ebenso können auch nicht degradierte Bereiche durch das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren entfernt werden.Areas that are not degraded can also be methods according to the invention are removed.
Figur 2 zeigt ein weiteres Bauteil 1, das mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren behandelt werden kann.Figure 2 shows a further component 1, which with the invention Procedure can be treated.
Das Bauteil 1 besteht aus einem Substrat 4 (z. B. Nickel-,
Kobalt-basierte Superlegierung) und einer Schicht 7 (z. B.
MCrAlY), die degradiert ist und mit dem erfindungsgemäßen
Verfahren entfernt werden soll.
Ebenso kann auch das Substrat 4 degradiert sein, wobei die
degradierten Bereiche des Substrats 4 dann bspw. ebenfalls
mit entfernt werden.The component 1 consists of a substrate 4 (e.g. nickel, cobalt-based superalloy) and a layer 7 (e.g. MCrAlY) which is degraded and is to be removed using the method according to the invention.
Likewise, the
Bspw. in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt kann durch grobes
mechanisches Vorreinigen, wie z.B. Sandstrahlen oder
Strömungsschleifen ein erster Abtrag der zu entfernenden
Schichtbereiche 7, 10 und/oder auch einer keramischen
Wärmedämmschicht, die über der Schicht 7 angeordnet ist,
erfolgen.
Die Behandlung mit Sandstrahlen und/oder Strömungsschleifen
kann auch zwischen oder nach den einzelnen Salz- und
Säurebehandlungen oder am Ende erfolgen.For example. In a first process step, rough mechanical pre-cleaning, such as sandblasting or flow grinding, can be used to first remove the
The treatment with sandblasting and / or flow grinding can also take place between or after the individual salt and acid treatments or at the end.
Dann erfolgt eine Behandlung des Bauteils 1, insbesondere der
zu entfernenden Schichtbereiche 7, 10 in einem flüssigen
Salzbad (Schmelze), in das zumindest die Bereiche 7, 10 des
Bauteils 1 eingetaucht werden.
Unter dem Begriff Salze werden bspw. u.a. Verbindungen aus
Metall (Metallion) und Säurerest (Säure weniger ein
Wasserstoffion) also bspw. NaHCO3, Na2CO3, CaCO3 .. und/oder
Basenrest verstanden.
Die Verwendung einer solchen Verbindung für das Salzbad setzt
voraus, dass es zu einem chemischen Angriff des Salzes auf
das Bauteil 1 kommt. The component 1, in particular the
The term salts is understood, for example, to mean, inter alia, compounds of metal (metal ion) and acid residue (acid less than a hydrogen ion), for example NaHCO 3 , Na 2 CO 3 , CaCO 3 .. and / or base residue.
The use of such a compound for the salt bath presupposes that the salt is chemically attacked on the component 1.
Es kann auch das gesamte Bauteil 1, eventuell mit einer Maskierung versehen, in das Salzbad eingetaucht werden.It can also the entire component 1, possibly with a Apply masking, immerse in the salt bath.
Das Salzbad besteht beispielsweise aus Natriumhydroxid (NaOH)
oder Kaliumhydroxid (KOH) (also bspw. ein Schmelzbad, d.h.
flüssig bei höheren Temperaturen als Raumtemperatur). Beide
Salze können auch zusammen verwendet werden und weisen dann
insbesondere ein Mischungsverhältnis von 50 zu 50
Volumenprozent auf.
Weitere Salzbäder sind denkbar.The salt bath consists, for example, of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH) (for example a melt bath, ie liquid at temperatures higher than room temperature). Both salts can also be used together and then in particular have a mixing ratio of 50 to 50 percent by volume.
Further salt baths are conceivable.
Ebenso kann bspw. auch Natriumoxid (NaO2) obigen Salzen als
Sauerstofflieferant hinzugefügt werden, das den chemischen
Angriff auf die zu entfernenden Bereiche verstärkt.
Weitere Sauerstofflieferanten sind denkbar, wie z.B. eine
Sauerstoffzufuhr, Oxide oder Metalloxide.Likewise, sodium oxide (NaO 2 ) above salts can also be added, for example, as an oxygen supplier, which increases the chemical attack on the areas to be removed.
Other oxygen suppliers are conceivable, such as an oxygen supply, oxides or metal oxides.
Es können auch Behandlungen des Bauteils 1 in verschiedenen Salzbädern hintereinander vorgenommen werden.Treatments of component 1 can also be carried out in different ways Salt baths can be made one after the other.
Beispielsweise nach einer, bspw. nach jeder, Behandlung im
Salzbad erfolgt eine Wässerung und/oder Trocknung.
Hierbei werden bspw. die Temperaturunterschiede zwischen
Salzbad und dem Wässerungsmedium für einen Thermoschock
verwendet, der den zu entfernenden Schichtbereich durch
Rissbildung mechanisch schwächt.For example, after one, for example after each, treatment in a salt bath, washing and / or drying takes place.
Here, for example, the temperature differences between the salt bath and the washing medium are used for a thermal shock, which mechanically weakens the layer area to be removed due to the formation of cracks.
Nach der zumindest einen Salzbadbehandlung erfolgt eine Säurebehandlung in einem zumindest ersten Säurebad, das aus einer Säure oder einem Säuregemisch besteht.After the at least one salt bath treatment, one is carried out Acid treatment in an at least first acid bath that consists of an acid or a mixture of acids.
Dabei wird in einem ersten Schritt eine Säurebehandlung beispielsweise
mit Salpetersäure HN03 und/oder Schwefelsäure
H3PO4 durchgeführt.
Weitere Säuren (z.B. schweflige, sapeltrige Säure,
Kohlensäure, Flußsäure,....) und/oder Säuregemische sind
denkbar und sind auf das jeweilige Salzbad abgestimmt. In a first step, an acid treatment is carried out, for example, with nitric acid HN0 3 and / or sulfuric acid H 3 PO 4 .
Other acids (eg sulphurous, sapletous acid, carbonic acid, hydrofluoric acid, ...) and / or acid mixtures are conceivable and are tailored to the respective salt bath.
Nach einer möglichen weiteren Wässerung und Trocknung erfolgt
bspw. noch eine zumindest einmalige Behandlung mit Salzsäure
HCl als zweites Säurebad.
Weitere Säuren für das eventuelle zweite Säurebad sind denkbar,
jedoch unterscheiden die sich von den Säuren des ersten
Säurebads.After possible further washing and drying, there is, for example, an at least one treatment with hydrochloric acid HCl as a second acid bath.
Other acids for the eventual second acid bath are conceivable, but they differ from the acids of the first acid bath.
Beispielsweise nach einer, bspw. nach jeder, Behandlung mit Säure erfolgt eine Wässerung und/oder Trocknung.For example, after one treatment, for example after each treatment Acid is washed and / or dried.
Die einzelnen Behandlungsschritte, bei dem das Bauteil mit dem Salzbad oder den verschiedenen Säuren in Kontakt kommt, sowie das Wässern und Trocknen können jeweils für sich mehrfach wiederholt werden.The individual treatment steps in which the component with comes into contact with the salt bath or the various acids, as well as watering and drying can each be done multiple times be repeated.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Vorrichtung 22, mit dem das erfindungsgemäße
Verfahren durchgeführt werden kann.
Die Vorrichtung 22 besteht aus einem Behälter 19, in dem ein
flüssiges Salz bzw. Salzgemisch oder eine Säure vorhanden
ist.
In diese Flüssigkeit wird das Bauteil 1 eingetaucht.
Das Verfahren kann verkürzt bzw. verbessert werden, wenn eine
Ultraschallsonde 16 in dem Bad 13 vorhanden ist und betrieben
wird.FIG. 3 shows a
The
The component 1 is immersed in this liquid.
The method can be shortened or improved if an
Figur 4 zeigt ein Bauteil 1, das nach dem erfindungsgemäßen
Verfahren behandelt worden ist.
Das Bauteil 1 weist keine korrodierten Bereiche mehr auf. FIG. 4 shows a component 1 which has been treated by the method according to the invention.
Component 1 no longer has any corroded areas.
Im Folgenden sind beispielhafte Behandlungsabfolgen aufgelistet:
Das Strömungsschleifen (siehe dazu DE 199 02 422A1) eignet sich besonders für Bauteile 1, insbesondere für Schaufeln von Turbinen, mit Innenräumen, bei denen degradierte Bereiche im Innenraum vorhanden sind.Flow grinding (see DE 199 02 422A1) is suitable particularly for components 1, in particular for blades of Turbines, with interiors where degraded areas in the Interior are present.
Außenbereiche werden vorzugsweise sandgestrahlt, wobei dort bspw. Korund verwendet wird. Outside areas are preferably sandblasted, being there For example, corundum is used.
Dabei muss insbesondere der maximale Strahldruck und die Partikelgröße des Strahlguts eingestellt werden, um das Substrat nicht zu schädigen.The maximum jet pressure and the Particle size of the blasting material can be adjusted to the Do not damage the substrate.
Für das Salzbad wird vorzugsweise ein Salz der Firma Degussa
verwendet, das mit dem Handelsnamen DUFERRIT RS DGS vertrieben
wird.
Oxide des Bauteils, die dem Salzbad ausgesetzt werden, transformieren
sich in oxidreichere Verbindungen, die besser säurelöslich
sind.A salt from Degussa, which is marketed under the trade name DUFERRIT RS DGS, is preferably used for the salt bath.
Oxides of the component that are exposed to the salt bath are transformed into more oxide-rich compounds that are more acid-soluble.
Die Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Oxiden und Metallen sind
i.a. unterschiedlich. Durch die Umsetzung der Bauteile 1 von
einem warmen Salzbad in ein Abschreckwasserbad wird ein
Thermoschock verursacht, der Risse in dem zu entfernenden
Bereich (7,11) erzeugt und diesen mechanisch schwächt bspw.
durch Vergrösserung der Angriffsflächen für Salz und/oder
Säure.
Dieser Thermoschock wird als zusätzliche Wirkung bei der
Reinigung eingesetzt.
Bei der Abschreckbehandlung ist darauf zu achten, dass ein
gewisser Temperaturgradient im Bauteil nicht überschritten
wird, damit keine Risse im Substrat oder Bauteil erzeugt
werden.The coefficients of expansion of oxides and metals are generally different. By moving the components 1 from a warm salt bath into a quenching water bath, a thermal shock is caused, which creates cracks in the area (7, 11) to be removed and weakens it mechanically, for example by enlarging the attack surfaces for salt and / or acid.
This thermal shock is used as an additional effect when cleaning.
During the quenching treatment, care must be taken that a certain temperature gradient in the component is not exceeded so that no cracks are generated in the substrate or component.
Als Komplexbildner wird Diammonium EDTA verwendet. Der
Komplexbildner kann Metalle binden, wodurch diese entfernt
werden. Die Behandlung mit dem Komplexbildner kann zwischen,
vor oder nach den einzelnen Salz- und Säurebehandlungen
erfolgen.
Auch hier kann ebenso eine Ultraschallsonde 16 in dem Bad 13
mit dem Komplexbildner benutzt werden, um das Verfahren zu
beschleunigen.Diammonium EDTA is used as the complexing agent. The complexing agent can bind metals, thereby removing them. The treatment with the complexing agent can take place between, before or after the individual salt and acid treatments.
Here too, an
Claims (15)
bei dem Säure verwendet wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Bauteil (1) zuerst in zumindest einem Salzbad (13) behandelt wird, und
dann in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt zumindest einmal mit zumindest einer ersten Säure oder zumindest einem ersten Säuregemisch behandelt wird.Method for removing a layer area (7, 10) of a component (1),
where acid is used
characterized in that
the component (1) is first treated in at least one salt bath (13), and
is then treated at least once in a further process step with at least one first acid or at least one first acid mixture.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
für das Salzbad (13) Natriumhydroxid (NaOH) und/oder Kaliumhydroxid (KOH) verwendet wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
for the salt bath (13) sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and / or potassium hydroxide (KOH) is used.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
für das Salzbad (13) Kaliumhydroxid und Natriumhydroxid in einem Mischungsverhältnis von 1 zu 1 (vol%) verwendet wird.Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that
for the salt bath (13) potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide in a mixing ratio of 1 to 1 (vol%) is used.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
als Säure für das zumindest erste Säurebad (13) Salpetersäure (HNO3) oder Schwefelsäure (H3PO4) oder eine Mischung daraus verwendet wird. Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
nitric acid (HNO 3 ) or sulfuric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) or a mixture thereof is used as the acid for the at least first acid bath (13).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zwei verschiedene Säurebäder (13) verwendet werden.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
two different acid baths (13) can be used.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
als Säure für das zweite Säurebad (13) Salzsäure (HCl) verwendet wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used as the acid for the second acid bath (13).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zuerst Salpetersäure (HNO3) oder Schwefelsäure (H3PO4) oder eine Mischung daraus, und
dann Salzsäure (HCl) verwendet wird.Method according to claim 5,
characterized in that
first nitric acid (HNO 3 ) or sulfuric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) or a mixture thereof, and
then hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Bauteil (1) in einem Zwischen- oder Endschritt mit einem Komplexbildner behandelt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the component (1) is treated with a complexing agent in an intermediate or final step.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
eine Ultraschallsonde (16) in dem Bad (13) verwendet wird, um das Verfahren zu beschleunigen. A method according to claim 1 or 8,
characterized in that
an ultrasound probe (16) is used in the bath (13) to accelerate the process.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
vor der Behandlung des Bauteils (1) im Salzbad (13) und/oder
nach der Behandlung im Salzbad (13) und/oder
nach der ersten Säurebehandlung und/oder
nach einer weiteren Säurebehandlung
das Bauteil (1) mit dem zu entfernenden Schichtbereich (7,10) sandgestrahlt wird oder
ein Strömungsschleifen mit dem Bauteil (1) durchgeführt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
before the treatment of the component (1) in the salt bath (13) and / or
after treatment in a salt bath (13) and / or
after the first acid treatment and / or
after another acid treatment
the component (1) with the layer region (7, 10) to be removed is sandblasted or
a flow grinding is carried out with the component (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
dem Salzbad zumindest ein Sauerstofflieferant hinzugefügt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
at least one oxygen supplier is added to the salt bath.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der zumindest eine Sauerstofflieferant ein Oxid ist.A method according to claim 11,
characterized in that
the at least one oxygen supplier is an oxide.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der zumindest eine Sauerstofflieferant ein Metalloxid ist.The method of claim 11 or 12,
characterized in that
the at least one oxygen supplier is a metal oxide.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das Metalloxid Natriumoxid (NaO2) ist. A method according to claim 13,
characterized in that
the metal oxide is sodium oxide (NaO 2 ).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
in zumindest einem Zwischenschritt eine Wässerung und/oder Trocknung des Bauteils (1) durchgeführt wird.Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that
in at least one intermediate step, the component (1) is washed and / or dried.
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02023394A EP1411149A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2002-10-18 | Process for stripping coatings from components |
EP03809256A EP1552037B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
CNB038238357A CN100392152C (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
PCT/EP2003/009235 WO2004038068A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
JP2004545756A JP2006503186A (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | How to remove the layer range of parts |
US10/531,219 US20060231123A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
EP06020613A EP1752562B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Process for stripping an area of a layer from a component |
ES03809256T ES2275138T3 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | EXTRACTION PROCEDURE OF A COMPONENT MOVIE AREA. |
ES06020613T ES2372406T3 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | PROCEDURE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF A LAYER SECTION OF A COMPONENT. |
DE50305651T DE50305651D1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | METHOD FOR REMOVING A LAYER OF A COMPONENT |
US11/502,487 US20070131255A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2006-08-10 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02023394A EP1411149A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2002-10-18 | Process for stripping coatings from components |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1411149A1 true EP1411149A1 (en) | 2004-04-21 |
Family
ID=32039155
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02023394A Withdrawn EP1411149A1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2002-10-18 | Process for stripping coatings from components |
EP03809256A Expired - Lifetime EP1552037B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
EP06020613A Expired - Lifetime EP1752562B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Process for stripping an area of a layer from a component |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03809256A Expired - Lifetime EP1552037B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Method for removing a layer area of a component |
EP06020613A Expired - Lifetime EP1752562B1 (en) | 2002-10-18 | 2003-08-20 | Process for stripping an area of a layer from a component |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20060231123A1 (en) |
EP (3) | EP1411149A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006503186A (en) |
CN (1) | CN100392152C (en) |
DE (1) | DE50305651D1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2372406T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004038068A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1559485A1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for removing a layer |
EP2090677A1 (en) * | 2008-01-19 | 2009-08-19 | MTU Aero Engines GmbH | Method for at least selective removal of an initial layer of an engine component |
EP2543986A3 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2015-03-04 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH | Method for measuring the thickness of organic coatings on metallic base materials |
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DE102004059762A1 (en) * | 2004-12-11 | 2006-06-14 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Method of repairing turbine blades |
JP4848504B2 (en) * | 2007-03-14 | 2011-12-28 | 公益財団法人新産業創造研究機構 | Method for cleaning ceramic substrate or inorganic heat resistant substrate, device manufacturing method using the same, and device |
TWI479559B (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2015-04-01 | Quantum Global Tech Llc | Methods and apparatus for cleaning deposition chamber parts using selective spray etch |
US7875200B2 (en) * | 2008-05-20 | 2011-01-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for a repair process |
FR2970197B1 (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2013-12-20 | Snecma | METHOD FOR DEOLIDARIZING / SOLIDARIZING BY INDUCING A MAGNETIC MECHANICAL PIECE FIXED WITH A MECHANICAL PART |
US9103037B2 (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2015-08-11 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for stripping gamma-gamma prime coating from gamma-gamma prime alloy |
JP5881513B2 (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2016-03-09 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method for removing coating from gas turbine member |
CN103042006B (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2016-01-20 | 山东大学 | ultrasonic salt bath composite cleaning machine |
US9758877B2 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2017-09-12 | General Electric Company | Compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion in gas turbine air compressors |
CN103464419A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 山东大学 | Novel ultrasonic salt bath composite cleaning machine |
CN104690033A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-06-10 | 山东大学 | Ultrasonic salt bath combined cleaning machine for mechanical parts for test |
CN105586603B (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-10-09 | 佛山市高明俊品金属制品有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel oxidation skin minimizing technology |
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EP2543986A3 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2015-03-04 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke GmbH | Method for measuring the thickness of organic coatings on metallic base materials |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2275138T3 (en) | 2007-06-01 |
WO2004038068A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
US20070131255A1 (en) | 2007-06-14 |
EP1552037B1 (en) | 2006-11-08 |
DE50305651D1 (en) | 2006-12-21 |
EP1752562A1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
EP1552037A1 (en) | 2005-07-13 |
US20060231123A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
CN100392152C (en) | 2008-06-04 |
CN1688749A (en) | 2005-10-26 |
EP1752562B1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
ES2372406T3 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
JP2006503186A (en) | 2006-01-26 |
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