EP1407530A2 - Organe de couplage - Google Patents

Organe de couplage

Info

Publication number
EP1407530A2
EP1407530A2 EP02759853A EP02759853A EP1407530A2 EP 1407530 A2 EP1407530 A2 EP 1407530A2 EP 02759853 A EP02759853 A EP 02759853A EP 02759853 A EP02759853 A EP 02759853A EP 1407530 A2 EP1407530 A2 EP 1407530A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
voltage
drive circuit
auxiliary
operating voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02759853A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Harald Schweigert
Stefan Gut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG Oesterreich
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG Oesterreich filed Critical Siemens AG Oesterreich
Publication of EP1407530A2 publication Critical patent/EP1407530A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/16—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents
    • H03K17/161—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches
    • H03K17/162—Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents in field-effect transistor switches without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/567—Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device consisting of a controlled by a drive circuit switch, via which a load circuit to an input voltage can be laid, from which at least temporarily an operating voltage for the drive circuit is derived, the controlled switch is in cascade with an auxiliary semiconductor switch, wherein the Output of the drive circuit is guided to the control electrode of the auxiliary switch, the control voltage of the switch is equal to the longitudinal voltage of the auxiliary switch and this longitudinal voltage of the drive circuit is supplied as the operating voltage.
  • the invention relates to a switching converter having a transformer with a primary winding and at least one secondary winding, wherein the primary winding is connected in series with a controlled switch to an input voltage and with a drive circuit which supplies drive pulses for the switch, wherein from the input voltage at least temporarily, an operating voltage for the drive circuit is derived, the controlled switch is cascoded with an auxiliary semiconductor switch, wherein the output of the drive circuit is guided to the control electrode of the auxiliary switch and the control voltage of the switch is equal to the longitudinal voltage of the auxiliary switch, and this longitudinal voltage) of the drive circuit as Operating voltage is supplied.
  • the supply voltage for the drive circuit is expediently derived from a secondary voltage of a switching converter or derived with the aid of series resistors from the high input voltage.
  • the former solution is inherent to the problem that a switching converter must be tarnished in the first place in order to generate a secondary voltage and that switching pulses of the drive circuit are also required for the starting process. At least large delays occur between switching on an input voltage and providing a secondary voltage.
  • the second-mentioned solution ie the use of a series resistor, there are high losses in the resistors, since a voltage of, for example, 600 volts must be reduced to one of 12 volts. Because of these losses must also be provided for a special heat dissipation of the series resistor for the supply voltage of the drive circuit.
  • Another solution for supplying the drive circuit is the use of an auxiliary power supply with a mains frequency driven transformer or the use of its own switching converter whose input is connected to the input voltage.
  • the component cost is high, for example, in view of the required insulation of the windings of small supply transformers, which are at a high input voltage.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device that is particularly suitable for switching high voltages and in which a simple and secure way a power supply of the drive circuit is guaranteed at least during startup.
  • the supply voltage should not fail even at idle or parallel operation and idle and the power loss should be as low as possible.
  • the controlled switch is a self-conducting semiconductor switch, which is in cascode with an auxiliary semiconductor switch, wherein the output of the drive circuit is guided to the control electrode of the auxiliary switch, the control voltage of the switch equal the longitudinal voltage of the auxiliary switch and this longitudinal voltage is supplied via a rectifier of the drive circuit as the operating voltage.
  • the longitudinal voltage of the auxiliary switch is rectified and is available as the operating voltage of the drive circuit, whereby a defined voltage is present in a usable range.
  • the voltage at the auxiliary switch not higher than z.
  • the pinch-off voltage of the (main) switch which is responsible for switching the actual high voltage.
  • the longitudinal voltage of the auxiliary switch of the drive circuit is supplied via a decoupling diode.
  • a protective resistor in series with the coupling-out diode is a protective resistor, which can also be dimensioned by its load capacity so that it acts as a burn-off fuse in the event of a short circuit.
  • the controlled switch is a SiC JFET.
  • SiC JFET SiC JFET
  • auxiliary switch is an IGFET, since this is well suited in combination with a controlled switch of high dielectric strength in a cascode.
  • the switching device according to the invention has particular advantages when the load branch is a primary winding of a transformer in a switching converter.
  • the specified solution is also suitable in connection with a switching converter of the type specified above to solve the problems mentioned. Especially with switching converters, the problems mentioned are of particular importance.
  • the controlled switch may be a SiC-JFET, or the auxiliary switch may be an IGFET.
  • a continuous operating voltage source is provided and this continuous operating voltage is applied to the operating voltage input of the drive circuit using a circuit breaker.
  • These solutions are in terms of switching off the available during start-up operating voltage of the above solution with a series resistor, but here eliminates the unnecessary power consumption in the series resistor.
  • a diode can be used as a disconnector, in the simplest case, the decoupling diode, which is provided anyway.
  • a controlled switch can be provided for switching off the operating open-circuit.
  • a source for the Dauerwetriebsspannxmg may also be provided a separate transformer with nachge Eattem rectifier.
  • the transformer has a protective winding, which - opposite to the Primärwicklung- via a protective diode to the input voltage.
  • Figure 1 shows a basic circuit for a switching device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a switching converter according to the invention, which uses a switching device according to FIG.
  • a controlled switch T to a load LAS.
  • the switch T is to be controlled by a drive circuit AST, which supplies switching pulses. Usually duty cycle and / or frequency of the switching pulse can be changed.
  • the control of the switch T is not directly, but via an auxiliary switch S, the (main) switch T and / or auxiliary switch S are in a known cascade circuit, which is explained in more detail below using example switching types.
  • the controlled switch T is in the embodiment of Fig. 1, an n-channel SiC-JFET, ie, a junction field effect transistor in silicon carbide technology.
  • a FET which is self-conducting, offers various advantages over a silicon FET, in particular a much higher dielectric strength in the order of 1500 volts, an approximately 3 times higher thermal conductivity of the base material silicon carbide, higher operating temperatures of 300-400 ° C and a much better switching performance compared to Si MOSFETs in the same power range.
  • the switch T conducts when its gate-source voltage UGS is zero, and it turns off when its gate-source voltage U G S has reached the so-called pinch-off voltage Up.
  • This pinch-off voltage is about 20 to 40 volts for a SiC JFET.
  • the auxiliary transistor S in series, in the example, an n-channel IGFET / E, thus a self-locking insulating layer field effect transistor.
  • the gate of the switch T is connected to the source of the auxiliary switch S, the source of the switch T to the drain of the auxiliary switch S, and the source of the auxiliary switch S is here at the negative pole of the input voltage UZK.
  • Drive pulses of the drive circuit AST are supplied to the gate of the auxiliary switch S.
  • auxiliary switch S It is essential that the drain-source voltage of the auxiliary switch, which is equal to the gate-source voltage of the (main) switch T, never be greater than the pinch-off voltage ("pinch off" voltage), so that when open Switches T and S is the voltage to be switched minus the pinch-off voltage to the voltage-resistant switch T.
  • the auxiliary switch S must therefore have only a low withstand voltage of, for example, 50 volts.
  • the lying at the auxiliary switch S longitudinal voltage UDS is supplied via a coupling diode Dl and a smoothing capacitor G of the drive circuit AST as the operating voltage UB, whereby immediately when switching on the input voltage in the start-up phase, the power supply for the drive circuit is ensured.
  • the longitudinal voltage UDS of the auxiliary switch S is a square wave voltage corresponding to the AnSteuerimpulsen, which can be used after rectification and screening as a continuous operating voltage for the drive circuit AST, if you do not resort to a differentchrosversorgimg in this case, which will be discussed below in connection with Fig. 2 is explained.
  • Fig. 2 an application of the switching device according to the invention or an inventive switching converter is shown.
  • the voltage occurring at a secondary winding L 2 is rectified with the aid of a rectifier T 2 and smoothed on a capacitor C 2 , so that a secondary output DC voltage UA is formed.
  • the output current can be detected by means of a measuring resistor Rs.
  • a drive circuit AST which provides drive pulses for the auxiliary switch S.
  • the operating voltage UB of the drive circuit AST is obtained analogously to FIG. 1, but here is still a protective resistor RT connected in series with the output diode Dl.
  • This protective resistor can also be dimensioned so that in the case of a short circuit of the operating voltage Ü B intentional burning of the resistor takes place in the sense of a backup.
  • an auxiliary winding LH of the transformer UET is furthermore provided, which can generate a continuous operating voltage UB 'for the drive circuit with the aid of a rectifier DH and a smoothing capacitor C H. It is then provided a means to turn off the start of the entire circuit according to the invention generated operating voltage Ü B. If the auxiliary operating voltage UB 'is greater than the operating voltage UB, the function of the switch can be taken over by the decoupling diode Dl, which is shown in the present case.
  • a controlled switch SWI ensures the switching off of the operating voltage UB generated according to the invention after the circuit has started up.
  • the switch SWI could be opened by a simple control circuit, for example, as soon as the auxiliary operating voltage UB 'has reached a certain value. In this case, it would even be possible to dispense with the decoupling diode D1.
  • the pulse generated by the drive circuit AST changes in the present case its duty cycle, optionally also the frequency, in dependence on supplied variables, in particular the output voltage UA and the associated output current. These quantities are fed to an evaluation circuit AWS and usually via an optocoupler OKO forwarded as input to the drive circuit AST.
  • an evaluation circuit AWS and usually via an optocoupler OKO forwarded as input to the drive circuit AST.
  • regulation or limitation of output voltage and / or current can be carried out in a manner known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the current through the primary winding Li here measured at the resistor Ri, is supplied as an input to the drive circuit AST, for example, to determine the end of the type control pulses.
  • a protective winding Ls of the transformer UET is provided which is opposite to the primary winding Li via a protective diode Ds to the input voltage UE. In this way, the voltage generated at the primary winding Li during demagnetization can be limited to a maximum of twice the input voltage.
  • Fig. 1 has shown a representative application of the invention using the example of a switching converter, but it should be understood that other applications, such as boosters, step-down converters or inverters in general, are also possible.
  • inventive generation of the operating voltage in a drive circuit of double-H bridges with six switches for generating a three-phase AC voltage the supply of the floating gate drive circuits take over.
  • such converters have a particular problem in that their own gate supply power supply units must be provided with elaborate, electrically isolated output voltages, with starting of the drive circuits being necessary in time before the power unit.
  • the invention and by optical transmission of the drive pulses the overall circuit can be made much simpler.
  • the invention of particular advantage in the series connection of a larger number of power semiconductors, z. B. for DC power transmission be, in which the drive pulses are transmitted via optical fibers.
  • the construction of its own auxiliary power supplies for supplying the drive circuits is particularly complex.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur de commutation. L'enroulement primaire d'un transformateur (UET), qui est monté en série avec un pupitre de commande (T, S) composé d'un commutateur statique autoconducteur (S) et d un commutateur statique auxiliaire (T). La composante longitudinale de la tension (USD) du commutateur auxiliaire est cédée, au moins pour le démarrage, comme tension de service (UB) à un dispositif de commande (AST) et sa sortie est reliée aux éléments de commande du commutateur auxiliaire.
EP02759853A 2001-07-16 2002-07-15 Organe de couplage Withdrawn EP1407530A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT110401 2001-07-16
AT0110401A AT411945B (de) 2001-07-16 2001-07-16 Schalteinrichtung
PCT/AT2002/000208 WO2003009455A2 (fr) 2001-07-16 2002-07-15 Organe de couplage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1407530A2 true EP1407530A2 (fr) 2004-04-14

Family

ID=3685542

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02759853A Withdrawn EP1407530A2 (fr) 2001-07-16 2002-07-15 Organe de couplage

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1407530A2 (fr)
AT (1) AT411945B (fr)
WO (1) WO2003009455A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5270713B2 (ja) * 2011-04-19 2013-08-21 シャープ株式会社 スイッチング電源装置
JP5910395B2 (ja) * 2011-09-16 2016-04-27 サンケン電気株式会社 ドライブ回路
JP5431445B2 (ja) * 2011-12-27 2014-03-05 シャープ株式会社 スイッチング電源回路
EP2736170B1 (fr) * 2012-11-23 2015-06-17 Nxp B.V. Dispositifs à semi-conducteurs cascadés
FR2998735B1 (fr) * 2012-11-27 2022-10-07 Hispano Suiza Sa Convertisseur de tension continu-continu a haute tension
DE102012112391B4 (de) * 2012-12-17 2018-10-04 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltnetzteil mit einer Kaskodenschaltung
DE202012012080U1 (de) * 2012-12-18 2014-03-24 Joachim Baum Energieversorgung Gatesteuerstufe
JP6223729B2 (ja) 2013-06-25 2017-11-01 株式会社東芝 半導体装置

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4497017A (en) * 1983-05-16 1985-01-29 National Semiconductor Corporation Switching regulator off-line starting circuit
US5396085A (en) * 1993-12-28 1995-03-07 North Carolina State University Silicon carbide switching device with rectifying-gate
US5602724A (en) * 1996-04-23 1997-02-11 Power Integrations, Inc. Low-cost, high-voltage, flyback power supply
JP3757483B2 (ja) * 1996-08-30 2006-03-22 松下電器産業株式会社 カスコード接続回路
US6104173A (en) * 1998-07-22 2000-08-15 Ricoh Company, Ltd. DC-DC converter and power-supply switching circuit
DE19926715C1 (de) * 1999-06-11 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschalten einer Kaskodenschaltung mit spannungsgesteuerten Halbleiterschaltern

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO03009455A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA11042001A (de) 2003-12-15
WO2003009455A2 (fr) 2003-01-30
WO2003009455A3 (fr) 2003-09-12
AT411945B (de) 2004-07-26

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