EP1407191B1 - Sicherheitseinrichtung für eine feurerungsanlage mit einer verzögerungszeit durch eine elektronische schaltung - Google Patents

Sicherheitseinrichtung für eine feurerungsanlage mit einer verzögerungszeit durch eine elektronische schaltung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1407191B1
EP1407191B1 EP02738267A EP02738267A EP1407191B1 EP 1407191 B1 EP1407191 B1 EP 1407191B1 EP 02738267 A EP02738267 A EP 02738267A EP 02738267 A EP02738267 A EP 02738267A EP 1407191 B1 EP1407191 B1 EP 1407191B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
electronic circuit
sub
electromechanical
time delay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02738267A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1407191A1 (de
Inventor
Charles Jacobberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stein Energie Chaudieres Industrielles
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Stein Energie Chaudieres Industrielles
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Publication of EP1407191A1 publication Critical patent/EP1407191A1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/245—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
    • F23N5/206—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays using electrical or electromechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/22—Timing network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/04—Prepurge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
    • F23N2227/16—Checking components, e.g. electronic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/18—Applying test signals, e.g. periodic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device for an industrial boiler comprising electromechanical relays connected in series to form an electromechanical safety chain, and at least one normally open shunt relay connected in parallel with one of said electromechanical relays. shunt being controlled by a PLC to be closed during a delay time.
  • a safety device for an industrial boiler comprising electromechanical relays is known from DE-A-3,704,062.
  • the invention applies in particular to industrial boilers comprising for example a gas burner for producing steam or superheated water.
  • Such boilers are provided with a safety device of the type indicated above which is interposed between one or more sensors and one or more actuators mounted on the boiler.
  • This device is especially designed to trigger via the actuators a boiler shutdown when at least one sensor detects a malfunction of the boiler. This defect can be excessive pressure, too low a water level or a problem in the burner flame.
  • Each sensor is for example a pressure switch which supplies an alternating electric current under 230 Volts to keep a corresponding electromechanical relay connected in series in the safety chain of the device closed.
  • This safety chain is an electrical circuit comprising several electromechanical relays connected in series to form an electrical circuit which is closed in normal operation, and which is open on detection of a fault by a sensor.
  • Actuators that can be for example solenoid valves are designed to trigger a shutdown of the boiler as soon as they are no longer supplied with power.
  • the safety device comprises for each sensor a relay which is kept closed by the corresponding supply current, and it provides power to the actuators if the safety chain is closed. In the event of a malfunction, one of the sensors stops supplying its current to open the safety chain, which causes the power supply of the actuators to stop to shut down the boiler.
  • Some of the sensors are subjected to daily tests to check that in the event of a fault in the boiler, the sensor tested will open the corresponding relay. These tests are carried out during operation, and the corresponding relay must open, but without stopping the boiler.
  • a shunt relay that is normally open is therefore connected in parallel with the relay corresponding to the sensor tested. This shunt relay is closed by a PLC for a predefined delay time, so that the safety chain remains closed during the opening of the sensor relay generated by the test.
  • the test of a pressure switch consists, for example, of temporarily closing an isolation valve of a box comprising the pressure switch and of increasing the pressure in this box to check that the corresponding relay in the safety chain opens on increase of the pressure in the box.
  • the isolation valve When closing the isolation valve, the shunt relay is closed by the PLC for the delay time. The increase in pressure causes the sensor relay to open, but the safety chain remains closed due to the closing of the shunt relay. The isolation valve is then opened to complete the test by restoring normal pressure in the chamber. Returning to normal pressure in the sensor environment therefore causes the sensor relay to close. Then, the timer is disarmed through the PLC which controls the opening of the shunt relay, which corresponds to a return to the initial state preceding the test.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages.
  • the subject of the invention is a safety device for an industrial boiler comprising electromechanical relays connected in series to form an electromechanical safety chain, and at least one normally open shunt relay mounted in parallel with one of said electromechanical relays, said shunt relay being controlled by an automaton to be closed during a delay time, characterized in that said shunt relay has a contact connected to an electronic circuit, and in that said electronic circuit controls an opening of an electromechanical relay connected in series in the safety chain in case of closure of said shunt relay for a duration greater than said duration of delay .
  • Such a construction makes that the delay is managed by the electronic circuit and the PLC to ensure a satisfactory degree of safety of the installation.
  • the safety device comprises electromechanical relays connected in series to form a power supply circuit of an actuator of the boiler, one of said relays being controlled by an automaton for being open for a delay time on receipt of a delay start command
  • the electronic circuit drives another electromechanical relay also connected in series in said supply circuit to open said other electromechanical relay during said delay time on receipt of said timed launch order.
  • said relay which is controlled by the electronic circuit is closed if it is electrically powered by the electronic circuit and otherwise open.
  • the relays and the electronic circuit are mounted on a support in the form of a printed circuit board.
  • the safety device can be mounted in a compact assembly enclosed by an optionally sealed housing to prevent an operator from changing its configuration.
  • the electronic circuit comprises a programmable circuit of "PAL" type.
  • PAL programmable circuit of "PAL" type.
  • a safety device is connected to at least one sensor PT n and at least one actuator EV m which are generally mounted in the industrial boiler CHA.
  • the sensor PT n which is here a pressure switch sends an electric current I n to the safety device DS which is here mounted in an electrical cabinet AE.
  • the safety device On receipt of this current I n , the safety device in turn returns a second electric current J m towards the actuator EV m which is here a solenoid valve, to maintain this actuator in a normal operating position. If the current I n is not received, the safety device DS controls an opening relay of the power supply circuit of the actuator EV m to cancel the current J m , and thus trigger the shutdown of the boiler .
  • the electric currents I n and J m are generally alternating currents of high power at 230 volts.
  • FIG. 2 shows very schematically the architecture of the DS security device.
  • This comprises several electromechanical relays RE n connected in series to form a safety chain CH1.
  • Each relay RE n is kept closed by a corresponding supply current I n which is supplied by a corresponding sensor PT n .
  • CH1 safety chain is thus an electrical circuit which is closed during normal operation, and which is opened as soon as a PT n sensors detects a fault.
  • a shunt relay RT n that is normally open is connected in parallel with the RE n sensor relay.
  • This shunt relay is controlled by an PLC controller to be closed for a delay time from the beginning of the test. This delay time is for example 30 seconds maximum.
  • the isolation valve VI n is equipped with an electrical contactor connected to the PLC controller for controlling the closure of the shunt relay RT n as soon as the valve VI n is closed.
  • This shunt relay is then opened on the order of the PLC as soon as the delay time has elapsed. In the event of a malfunction of the controller or the shunt relay, the shunt relay RT n can therefore remain closed for a duration longer than the delay time.
  • the corresponding sensor is inhibited since if it detects a fault, the opening of its relay will not cause an opening of the safety chain, given that its shunt relay is closed. Such a malfunction is therefore not detected by the safety device, which constitutes a major risk for the operational safety of the installation.
  • the shunt relay RT n which is controlled by the PLC PLC has its time delay secured by an electronic circuit CE n such that the EC circuit n drives an electromechanical relay RS connected in series in the CH1 chain for open CH1 if relay RE n remains closed for longer than the delay time.
  • This electronic circuit has an input E connected to a contact of the shunt relay RT n such that as soon as it detects a closing of the relay RT n , it triggers a delay, and if at the end of this delay the relay RT n is still closed, it controls the opening of the RS relay.
  • the electronic circuit CE n is able to trigger a shutdown of the boiler independently of the PLC, and on detection of an overrun of the delay time.
  • the timer which is controlled by the PLC is therefore also secured by the electronic circuit CE n to form a heterogeneous hardware redundancy in the management of the timer.
  • This embodiment is given as an example for securing a timer corresponding to a sensor test, but it can also be applied to securing other similar timers.
  • the flame detection sensor is subjected to a similar delay for which it must detect the presence of a burner flame no later than five seconds after the start of feeding. burner gas, otherwise a safety of the boiler or its starting device must be triggered.
  • the circuit CE m can be realized in different ways, for example by using capacitors and resistors driven by a logic integrated circuit to count the delay time on the basis of the charging time of a capacitor.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the electronic circuit CE n is shown very schematically in FIG. 3. It comprises a logic integrated circuit CIL having an input E connected to a contact of the shunt relay RT n and an output S to control an opening of the relay RS in the case where the input E is energized for a duration greater than the time delay.
  • This logic integrated circuit is powered by a DC voltage of 12 volts, and it is connected to a resistor R and capacitors C1 and C2 to drive capacitor C1 charges to manage the delay time.
  • the logic integrated circuit On receipt of an E timing start command, the logic integrated circuit triggers a charge of the capacitor C1.
  • the logic integrated circuit also has an input connected to a point V located between the resistor R and the capacitor C1, so that during the charging of the capacitor C1, this input changes state when the delay time has elapsed.
  • the logic integrated circuit controls the opening of the relay RS through its output S.
  • the logic integrated circuit CIL will advantageously be realized for example with a "PAL” type circuit.
  • PAL programmable logic circuit
  • These "PAL” circuits operate under 12 Volts and allow to realize at least cost logical operators between input channels and output channels. They are permanently configured by electrical breakdown.
  • the relay RS is a relay that is closed if it is powered by the output S, and otherwise open, such that a malfunction of the circuit.
  • CE triggers an opening of the RS relay.
  • the various electronic circuits and the various relays are grouped together in a housing enclosing supports in the form of printed circuit boards on which they are mounted by welding.
  • a housing comprises one or more printed circuits on which are mounted the relays forming the electromechanical chain, so that these relays are not interconnected by a hardwired logic, but by conductive tracks printed circuits.
  • These different circuits can thus form a compact assembly enclosed by an optionally sealed housing to prevent an operator from changing the configuration thereof.
  • several circuits are pinned in connectors of a card called backplane board and also equipped with connectors providing the electrical connection with the sensors and with the actuators.
  • the starting of such a boiler is subject to a sequence also implementing timers.
  • the ignition of the burner must be performed after a pre-purge operation of the combustion chamber to evacuate any residual gas before commissioning the burner. Opening of the burner gas supply solenoid valve must be prohibited until the pre-purge sequence is complete.
  • a start sequence is provided by a controller that controls the pre-purge sequence to control the closing of a relay of the power supply circuit of the gas supply solenoid valve at the end of the pre-purge sequence. The closing of this relay is only commanded after the expiration of the minimum delay time corresponding to the pre-scan.
  • the controller may be a microprocessor programmable controller, or a "black box" comprising for example a servomotor for controlling the sequence.
  • the device according to the invention may have the timings of its start sequence also secured by one or more electronic circuits.
  • the PLC PLC which is represented in FIG. 4, then manages a delay which is this time a minimum duration which must elapse before it commands the closing of a relay RE m of an AC electromechanical chain.
  • the AC chain which is secured here is a power supply circuit of an actuator EV m which is for example the gas supply solenoid valve of the burner.
  • the order of launching of the prepurge timer T that is received is sent in parallel to the PLC controller and an electronic circuit CE m.
  • the electronic circuit CE m controls the opening of another electromechanical relay RS for the minimum duration. Consequently, in the event of a malfunction of the automaton causing an early closure of the relay RE m , the actuator EV m is not energized since the AC supply circuit is kept open by the relay RS which is controlled by the circuit electronic CE m .
  • the RS relay is here a start authorization relay.
  • the startup sequence includes timers that are minimum durations and maximum times during which relays must be operated. Securing all of such a start sequence thus includes several electronic circuits to manage these two types of timing, parallel to the controller.
  • the electronic circuit CE m managing this pre-purge delay which is a minimum duration may for example be a circuit of the type of that shown in Figure 3, but driven by a logic different from that which has been presented above. This circuit holds the start enable relay RS open on receipt of a timer command and commands a closing of this relay after the delay time has elapsed.
  • the relay RS is a relay that is closed if it is powered by the output S, and otherwise open, so that a malfunction of the circuit CE triggers an opening of the relay RS.
  • the delay time tends to infinity so as to prevent the burner from starting in such a case. This arrangement further increases the operational security of the timing management.
  • the security device according to the invention gives rise to an improved degree of security in the management of security delays by forming a heterogeneous redundancy for the management of these delays.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Safety Devices In Control Systems (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen industriellen Kessel (CHA), mit elektromechanischen Relais (REn, RS), die so in Serie geschaltet sind, dass sie eine elektromechanische Sicherheitskette (CH1) bilden, und mindestens einem Nebenschlussrelais (RTn), das im Normalfall geöffnet ist und zu einem der elektromechanischen Relais (REn) parallel geschaltet ist, wobei das Nebenschlussrelais von einem Automaten (API) so gesteuert wird, dass es während einer Verzögerungszeit geschlossen ist, wobei das Nebenschlussrelais (RTn) einen Kontakt aufweist, der mit einer elektronischen Schaltung (CEn) verbunden ist, und wobei die elektronische Schaltung (CEn) ein in der Sicherheitskette in Serie geschaltetes elektromechanisches Relais (RS) aufsteuert, falls das Nebenschlussrelais (RTn) während einer Zeit geschlossen ist, die länger als die besagte Verzögerungszeit ist.
  2. Sicherheitsvorrichtung für einen industriellen Kessel (CHA), mit elektromechanischen Relais (REm, RS), die so in Serie geschaltet sind, dass sie eine elektrische Versorgungsschaltung (CA) eines Betätigungsgliedes (Evm) des Kessels bilden, wobei eines der Relais (REm) von einem Automaten so gesteuert wird, dass es bei Empfang eines Verzögerungsinitiierungsbefehls während einer Verzögerungszeit geöffnet ist, und wobei eine elektronische Schaltung (CEm) ein anderes elektromechanisches Relais (RS) steuert, das ebenso in der Versorgungsschaltung (CA) in Serie geschaltet ist, um das besagte andere elektromechanische Relais (RS) während der Verzögerungszeit ab dem Empfang des Verzögerungsinitüerungsbefehls zu öffnen.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, bei der das von der elektronischen Schaltung (CEn) gesteuerte Relais (RS) geschlossen ist, wenn es von der elektronischen Schaltung mit elektrischer Leistung versorgt wird, und ansonsten geöffnet ist.
  4. Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei der die Relais (REn, REm, RS) und die elektronische Schaltung (CEn, CEm) auf einen Träger in Form einer gedruckten Schaltplatte montiert sind.
  5. Sicherheitsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2, 3 oder 4, bei der die elektronische Schaltung (CEn, CEm) eine programmierbare Schaltung vom Typ "PAL" aufweist.
EP02738267A 2001-07-06 2002-05-17 Sicherheitseinrichtung für eine feurerungsanlage mit einer verzögerungszeit durch eine elektronische schaltung Expired - Lifetime EP1407191B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0108988A FR2827035B1 (fr) 2001-07-06 2001-07-06 Dispositif de securite pour chaudiere comprenant une temporisation securisee par un circuit electronique
FR0108988 2001-07-06
PCT/FR2002/001676 WO2003004936A1 (fr) 2001-07-06 2002-05-17 Dispositif de securite pour chaudiere comprenant une temporisation securisee par un circuit electronique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1407191A1 EP1407191A1 (de) 2004-04-14
EP1407191B1 true EP1407191B1 (de) 2006-12-13

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EP02738267A Expired - Lifetime EP1407191B1 (de) 2001-07-06 2002-05-17 Sicherheitseinrichtung für eine feurerungsanlage mit einer verzögerungszeit durch eine elektronische schaltung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7008217B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1407191B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1255648C (de)
AT (1) ATE348294T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2453077C (de)
DE (1) DE60216763T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2827035B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003004936A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10215809B2 (en) * 2015-11-24 2019-02-26 Carrier Corporation Method and system for verification of contact operation
JP6895077B2 (ja) * 2017-09-26 2021-06-30 株式会社ノーリツ 燃焼装置

Family Cites Families (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3576556A (en) * 1969-05-16 1971-04-27 Pyronics Inc Flame detector
US3958126A (en) * 1974-11-25 1976-05-18 Electronics Corporation Of America Logic circuitry
US4101258A (en) * 1977-05-25 1978-07-18 Honeywell Inc. Fuel burner sequencing device with safety checking means
US4268884A (en) * 1979-05-07 1981-05-19 Amf Incorporated Current sensing circuit
US4303383A (en) * 1979-11-09 1981-12-01 Honeywell Inc. Condition control system with safety feedback means
US4298334A (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-11-03 Honeywell Inc. Dynamically checked safety load switching circuit
US4604046A (en) * 1981-08-27 1986-08-05 Mueller Carl J Direct ignition gas burner control system
US4459099A (en) * 1981-09-28 1984-07-10 Allied Corporation Fuel and ignition control
US4518345A (en) * 1983-02-28 1985-05-21 Emerson Electric Co. Direct ignition gas burner control system
US4581697A (en) * 1983-10-03 1986-04-08 Johnson Service Company Controller for combustible fuel burner
CH666564A5 (de) * 1985-08-08 1988-07-29 Landis & Gyr Ag Elektronischer sicherheitstemperaturbegrenzer.
CH671279A5 (de) * 1987-01-21 1989-08-15 Landis & Gyr Ag
US5307050A (en) * 1992-06-03 1994-04-26 Honeywell Inc. Display apparatus for a first out type of fault status annunciator having a series of interlock switches
US5749718A (en) * 1992-11-09 1998-05-12 Channel Products, Inc. Multi-burner gas control apparatus
US5506569A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-04-09 Texas Instruments Incorporated Self-diagnostic flame rectification sensing circuit and method therefor
US6122567A (en) * 1997-12-02 2000-09-19 Rheem Manufacturing Company Boiler system ignition sequence detector and associated methods of protecting boiler systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1407191A1 (de) 2004-04-14
CN1522352A (zh) 2004-08-18
WO2003004936A1 (fr) 2003-01-16
US20040197720A1 (en) 2004-10-07
DE60216763D1 (de) 2007-01-25
CA2453077A1 (fr) 2003-01-16
CN1255648C (zh) 2006-05-10
FR2827035B1 (fr) 2003-09-05
FR2827035A1 (fr) 2003-01-10
ATE348294T1 (de) 2007-01-15
CA2453077C (fr) 2010-01-19
DE60216763T2 (de) 2007-10-04
US7008217B2 (en) 2006-03-07

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