EP1407060A1 - Hard-chromed sieve basket - Google Patents

Hard-chromed sieve basket

Info

Publication number
EP1407060A1
EP1407060A1 EP02732304A EP02732304A EP1407060A1 EP 1407060 A1 EP1407060 A1 EP 1407060A1 EP 02732304 A EP02732304 A EP 02732304A EP 02732304 A EP02732304 A EP 02732304A EP 1407060 A1 EP1407060 A1 EP 1407060A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
hard chrome
indicator
hard
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02732304A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1407060B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Gisin
Michael Hekli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartchrom AG
Original Assignee
Hartchrom AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hartchrom AG filed Critical Hartchrom AG
Publication of EP1407060A1 publication Critical patent/EP1407060A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1407060B1 publication Critical patent/EP1407060B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
    • C23C28/44—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by a measurable physical property of the alternating layer or system, e.g. thickness, density, hardness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/027—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal matrix material comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or metal matrix composites, e.g. metal matrix with embedded inorganic hard particles, CERMET, MMC.
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/02—Straining or screening the pulp
    • D21D5/16—Cylinders and plates for screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hard chrome-plated element, in particular a strainer basket, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • elements for example those made of steel, are electroplated, in particular technically hard chrome-plated. It is possible to replace the hard chrome plating, that is to say to coat the element again, if part of the hard chrome plating has been removed.
  • stainless steel screen baskets are used, the surfaces of which are coated with a hard chrome layer to increase wear resistance. These baskets can also be re-coated.
  • the sieve baskets consist of a large number of rods with an essentially triangular cross section and thus have a large number of crests. The abrasion is at these tops strongest, so that the chrome layer is removed first.
  • the magnetic measuring methods usually used to determine the layer thickness on these tips fail, it is relatively difficult to determine the optimal time for a new coating. Re-layering too early increases costs and leads to unnecessary production interruptions. If the strainer basket is used for too long, the base material will also be removed from the top and the strainer basket will be irreparably damaged. In the second case, the damage is serious because these baskets are relatively expensive. A new hard chrome plating would only be one twentieth of the manufacturing costs.
  • DE-A-35 '33' 534 discloses a dental grinding tool made of steel, which has a metallic intermediate layer and a silver-white nickel outer layer.
  • the nickel outer layer is interspersed with diamonds or other granular abrasives.
  • DE-A-199 '09' 871 also shows a wear indicator for a material subject to wear.
  • This display layer consists of copper, nickel, chrome or precious metals.
  • This object is achieved by a hard chrome-plated element with the features of claim 1.
  • an indicator layer between a base material and the hard chrome layer of the element which differs optically, in particular in terms of color, from the hard chrome layer.
  • the indicator layer is applied directly to the base material.
  • an emergency running layer with increased wear resistance with the indicator layer itself forming this emergency running layer in a first variant.
  • a second hard throm layer is provided between the indicator layer and the base material.
  • This second hard chrome layer serves as an emergency running layer to protect the base material from abrasion until the new chrome plating.
  • a tension buffer bar is preferably present between the second hard chrome layer and the indicator layer, which compensates tensile stresses and thus prevents the indicator layer from cracking or flaking off.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic, not to scale representation of a layer structure of a hard chrome-plated screen basket according to the invention in a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first simple exemplary embodiment of a layer structure of a screen basket according to the invention.
  • the screen basket has a base body 1 made of a base material, preferably stainless steel.
  • An indicator layer 2 is applied to this base body 1.
  • the material of the indicator layer 2 preferably differs optically, in particular in terms of color, from the base material 1. Because of its low cost, copper is preferably used as the indicator layer 2.
  • copper is preferably used as the indicator layer 2.
  • other materials are also suitable, for example non-ferrous metals such as brass or bronze, gold, metal ceramics, metal oxides, conductive plastics, black chrome or black nickel.
  • the indicator layers can be formed from metal dispersions or electrochemical dispersion layers such as nickel or copper with micro-color capsules as the dispersant, or they can consist of CVD, PVD or thermal spray layers.
  • a hard chrome layer 3 is applied to the indicator layer 2, the indicator layer 2 being selected such that it differs from the hard chrome layer 3 optically, in particular in terms of color.
  • the indicator layer 2 stands out optically at these points and indicates that the strainer basket is to be chrome-plated again. If the indicator sheet 2 consists of a CVD or a PVD layer, the strainer basket does not have to be replaced immediately, since these layers have a relatively good wear resistance and thus, in the form of a so-called emergency running layer, guarantee wear protection, albeit for a short time. This means that a renovation of the strainer can be planned in peace.
  • FIG. 2 If the indicator sheet 2 is made of a different material, a structure as shown in FIG. 2 using a second, preferred exemplary embodiment is recommended. In addition, this structure enables a more economical variant than the use of the relatively expensive CVD and PVD layers.
  • the layers according to FIG. 1 are again provided with the same reference numbers.
  • a second hard chrome layer 4 which forms the emergency running layer, is now present between the base material 1 and the indicator layer 2.
  • This hard chrome layer 4 preferably has the same composition as the first hard chrome layer 3, but is considerably thinner. Typical values for a screen basket are 30 - 450 ⁇ m for the first hard chrome layer 3 and 25 - 30 ⁇ m for the second hard chrome layer 4.
  • the indicator layer 2 has an adhesion-promoting layer 5 present. This is particularly necessary when plastic is used as an indicator shoe 2.
  • the choice of material for the adhesion-promoting layer 5 depends on the type of indicator layer 2. For example, a nickel strike can be used as an adhesion promoter.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third, likewise preferred exemplary embodiment, which is particularly recommended when copper is used as indicator 2.
  • a tension buffer layer 6 is present between the adhesion-promoting layer 5 and the indicator layer 2, which absorbs shear forces.
  • the adhesion-promoting layer 5 again consists of a nickel strike and the voltage buffer layer 6 consists of galvanic nickel.
  • the adhesion-promoting layer 5 has a typical thickness of 20-60 ⁇ m and the voltage buffer layer 6 has a thickness greater than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the base body 1 is hard chrome-plated according to a known first method step using an inner anode. Then it is rinsed and the inner anode is dismantled. Next, an anode basket for nickel is installed and the hard chrome layer is activated in a hydrochloric acid solution. In an optional step, rinsing is carried out. Then the Niekel strike is applied and then the galvanic nickel layer. The anode basket for nickel is dismantled and an anode basket for copper is installed.
  • the screen basket is then copper-plated and the anode basket for copper is dismantled again in order to enable the assembly of a leaded steel anode, a lead anode or platinum-plated titanium anode for hard chrome plating. It is covered with an increased current density to avoid the influence of the copper layer to compensate for the electrical behavior.
  • the indicator can be applied by means of thermal spraying or tamponing.
  • the screen basket according to the invention enables the early detection of abrasions by using an indicator. If there is also an emergency running layer, the sieve basket can be prepared in peace.

Abstract

A hard-chromed element, in particular a sieve basket, comprises a base body (1) made from a base material, whereby a surface of the base body (1) is provided with a first hard-chrome layer (3). An indicator layer (2), visually different from the first hard-chrome layer (3) is provided between the first hard-chrome layer (3) and the base body (1). An emergency layer (2, 4) is preferably provided, with an increased wear resistance, such that a new chroming of the corroded element can be prepared unhurriedly.

Description

Hartverchromter Siebkorb Hard chromed strainer basket
BESCHREIBUNGDESCRIPTION
Technisches GebietTechnical field
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein hartverchromtes Element, insbesondere einen Siebkorb, gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a hard chrome-plated element, in particular a strainer basket, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit und der Verschleissbe- ständigkeit werden Elemente, beispielsweise solche aus Stahl, galvanisch beschichtet, insbesondere technisch hartverchromt. Dabei ist es möglich, die Hartverchromung zu erneuern, das heisst das Element erneut zu beschichten, wenn ein Teil der Hartverchromung abgetragen ist .In order to increase the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance, elements, for example those made of steel, are electroplated, in particular technically hard chrome-plated. It is possible to replace the hard chrome plating, that is to say to coat the element again, if part of the hard chrome plating has been removed.
In der Papierindustrie, insbesondere im Altpapierrecycling, werden Siebkörbe aus Edelstahl eingesetzt, deren Oberflächen zur Erhöhung der Verschleissbeständigkeit mit einer Hartehromschicht versehen sind. Auch diese Siebkörbe lassen sich neu beschichten. Die Siebkörbe bestehen jedoch aus einer Vielzahl von Stäben mit im wesentlichen dreieckigem Querschnitt und weisen somit eine Vielzahl von Kuppen auf. Die Abrasion ist an diesen Kuppen am stärksten, so dass hier die Chromschicht zuerst abgetragen wird. Da jedoch die üblicherweise eingesetzten magnetischen Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Schichtdicke an diesen Kuppen versagen, ist es relativ schwierig, den optimalen Zeitpunkt für eine Neubeschichtung festzulegen. Eine zu frühe NeubeSchichtung erhöht die Kosten und führt zu unnötigen Produktionsunterbrüchen. Wird der Siebkorb zu lange eingesetzt, wird auch das Grundmaterial an der Kuppe abgetragen und somit der Siebkorb irreparabel beschädigt. Im zweiten Fall ist der Schaden gravierend, da diese Körbe relativ teuer sind. Eine erneute Hartverchromung würde lediglich einen Zwanzigstel der Herstellungskosten betragen.In the paper industry, especially in the recycling of waste paper, stainless steel screen baskets are used, the surfaces of which are coated with a hard chrome layer to increase wear resistance. These baskets can also be re-coated. However, the sieve baskets consist of a large number of rods with an essentially triangular cross section and thus have a large number of crests. The abrasion is at these tops strongest, so that the chrome layer is removed first. However, since the magnetic measuring methods usually used to determine the layer thickness on these tips fail, it is relatively difficult to determine the optimal time for a new coating. Re-layering too early increases costs and leads to unnecessary production interruptions. If the strainer basket is used for too long, the base material will also be removed from the top and the strainer basket will be irreparably damaged. In the second case, the damage is serious because these baskets are relatively expensive. A new hard chrome plating would only be one twentieth of the manufacturing costs.
Es ist bekannt, Werkzeuge mit einer Indikatorschicht zu versehen, welche den Verschleisszustand des Werkzeugs sichtbar macht. So offenbart DE-A-35' 33 '534 ein zahnärztliches Schleifwerkzeug aus Stahl, welches eine metallische Zwischenschicht und eine silberweisse Nickelaussenschicht aufweist. Die Nickelaussen- schicht ist mit Diamanten oder anderen körnigen Schleifmitteln durchsetzt .It is known to provide tools with an indicator layer, which makes the state of wear of the tool visible. For example, DE-A-35 '33' 534 discloses a dental grinding tool made of steel, which has a metallic intermediate layer and a silver-white nickel outer layer. The nickel outer layer is interspersed with diamonds or other granular abrasives.
DE-A-199' 09' 871 zeigt ebenfalls eine Verschleissanzeige für ein verschleissbehaftetes Material . Diese Anzeigeschicht besteht aus Kupfer, Nickel, Chrom oder Edelmetallen.DE-A-199 '09' 871 also shows a wear indicator for a material subject to wear. This display layer consists of copper, nickel, chrome or precious metals.
Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention
Es ist deshalb eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein hartverchromtes Element, insbesondere einen Siebkorb, zu schaffen, welches eine Erkennung eines optimalen Zeitpunktes für eine Neuverchromung ermöglicht . Diese Aufgabe löst ein hartverchromtes Element mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hard chromium-plated element, in particular a screen basket, which enables an optimal time for a new chromium plating to be recognized. This object is achieved by a hard chrome-plated element with the features of claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäss ist zwischen einem Grundmaterial und der Hart- chromschicht des Elementes eine Indikatorschicht vorhanden, welche sich optisch, insbesondere farblich, von der Hartchromschicht unterscheidet. Dadurch lässt sich auch an geometrisch komplizierten oder schwer zugänglichen Stellen, insbesondere an Kuppen, erkennen, ob die Hartchromschicht abgetragen ist.According to the invention, there is an indicator layer between a base material and the hard chrome layer of the element, which differs optically, in particular in terms of color, from the hard chrome layer. As a result, it is also possible to determine whether the hard chrome layer has been removed, even at geometrically complicated or difficult-to-access locations, particularly at the tops.
In einer einfachen Ausfuhrungsform ist die Indikatorschicht unmittelbar auf das Grundmaterial aufgebracht .In a simple embodiment, the indicator layer is applied directly to the base material.
In einer bevorzugten Ausfuhrungsform ist eine NotlaufSchicht mit einer erhöhten Verschleissbeständigkeit vorhanden, wobei in einer ersten Variante die Indikatorschicht selber diese Notlaufschicht bildet. In einer zweiten Variante ist zwischen der Indikatorschicht und dem Grundmaterial eine zweite Hartehromschicht vorgesehen. Diese zweite Hartchromschicht dient als Notlauf- Schicht, um das Grundmaterial bis zur Neuverchromung vor Abrasion zu schützen. Vorzugsweise ist dabei zwischen der zweiten Hartchromschicht und der Indikatorschicht eine Spannungspufferschient vorhanden, welche Zugspannungen kompensiert und somit vermeidet, dass die Indikatorschicht rissig wird oder abplatzt.In a preferred embodiment, there is an emergency running layer with increased wear resistance, with the indicator layer itself forming this emergency running layer in a first variant. In a second variant, a second hard throm layer is provided between the indicator layer and the base material. This second hard chrome layer serves as an emergency running layer to protect the base material from abrasion until the new chrome plating. A tension buffer bar is preferably present between the second hard chrome layer and the indicator layer, which compensates tensile stresses and thus prevents the indicator layer from cracking or flaking off.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausfuhrungsformen gehen aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen hervor.Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent patent claims.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing
Im folgenden wird der Erfindungsgegenstand anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen, welche in den beliegenden Zeichnungen dargestellt sind, erläutert. Es zeigen:In the following, the subject matter of the invention is based on preferred exemplary embodiments, which are shown in the accompanying drawings are explained. Show it:
Figur 1 eine schematische, nicht massstäbliche Darstellung eines Schichtaufbaus eines erfindungsgemässen hart- verchromten Siebkorbes in einer ersten Ausführungsform;Figure 1 is a schematic, not to scale representation of a layer structure of a hard chrome-plated screen basket according to the invention in a first embodiment;
Figur 2 eine schematische Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform undFigure 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment and
Figur 3 eine schematische Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform.Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a third embodiment.
Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays of Carrying Out the Invention
In Figur 1 ist ein erstes einfaches Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Schichtaufbaus eines Siebkorbes dargestellt. Der Siebkorb weist einen Grundkörper 1 aus einem Grundmaterial, vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl, auf.FIG. 1 shows a first simple exemplary embodiment of a layer structure of a screen basket according to the invention. The screen basket has a base body 1 made of a base material, preferably stainless steel.
Auf diesem Grundkörper 1 ist eine Indikatorschicht 2 aufgebracht . Vorzugsweise unterscheidet sich das Material der Indikatorschicht 2 optisch, insbesondere farblich, vom Grundmaterial 1. Als Indikatorschieht 2 wird aufgrund seiner geringen Kosten vorzugsweise Kupfer verwendet. Es eignen sich jedoch auch andere Materialien, beispielsweise Buntmetalle wie Messing oder Bronze, Gold, Metallkeramiken, Metalloxide, leitfähige Kunststoffe, Schwarzchrom oder Schwarznickel . Des weiteren können die Indikatorschichten aus Metalldispersionen oder elektrochemischen Dispersionsschichten wie Nickel oder Kupfer mit Mikrofarbkapseln als Dispergens gebildet sein oder sie können aus CVD-, PVD- oder thermischen Spritzschichten bestehen. Auf der Indikatorschieht 2 ist eine Hartehromschicht 3 aufgebracht, wobei die Indikatorschieht 2 so gewählt ist, dass sie sich auf jeden Fall optisch, insbesondere farblich, von der Hartchromschicht 3 unterscheidet . Wird nun die Hartehromschicht 3 abgetragen, so sticht die Indikatorschieht 2 an diesen Stellen optisch hervor und gibt zu erkennen, dass der Siebkorb neu zu verchromen ist . Besteht die Indikatorschieht 2 aus einer CVD- oder einer PVD-Schicht, so muss der Siebkorb nicht unmittelbar ausgewechselt werden, da diese Schichten eine relativ gute Ver- schleissbeständigkeit aufweisen und somit in Form einer sogenannten Notlaufschicht einen, wenn auch kurzzeitigen Ver- schleissschutz gewährleisten. Dadurch lässt sich eine Sanierung des Siebkorbes in Ruhe planen.An indicator layer 2 is applied to this base body 1. The material of the indicator layer 2 preferably differs optically, in particular in terms of color, from the base material 1. Because of its low cost, copper is preferably used as the indicator layer 2. However, other materials are also suitable, for example non-ferrous metals such as brass or bronze, gold, metal ceramics, metal oxides, conductive plastics, black chrome or black nickel. Furthermore, the indicator layers can be formed from metal dispersions or electrochemical dispersion layers such as nickel or copper with micro-color capsules as the dispersant, or they can consist of CVD, PVD or thermal spray layers. A hard chrome layer 3 is applied to the indicator layer 2, the indicator layer 2 being selected such that it differs from the hard chrome layer 3 optically, in particular in terms of color. If the hard chromium layer 3 is now removed, the indicator layer 2 stands out optically at these points and indicates that the strainer basket is to be chrome-plated again. If the indicator sheet 2 consists of a CVD or a PVD layer, the strainer basket does not have to be replaced immediately, since these layers have a relatively good wear resistance and thus, in the form of a so-called emergency running layer, guarantee wear protection, albeit for a short time. This means that a renovation of the strainer can be planned in peace.
Besteht die Indikatorschieht 2 aus einem anderen Material, so empfiehlt sich ein Aufbau, wie er in Figur 2 anhand eines zweiten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels dargestellt ist. Zudem ermöglicht dieser Aufbau eine kostengünstigere Variante als die Verwendung der relativ teuren CVD- und PVD-Schichten. Die Schichten gemäss Figur 1 sind wiederum mit denselben Bezugsziffern versehen. Zwischen dem Grundmaterial 1 und der Indikatorschieht 2 ist nun eine zweite Hartchromschicht 4 vorhanden, welche die Notlaufschicht bildet . Diese Hartchromschicht 4 weist vorzugsweise dieselbe Zusammensetzung auf wie die erste Hart- chromschicht 3, ist jedoch wesentlich dünner. Typische Werte für einen Siebkorb betragen für die erste Hartchromschicht 3 30 - 450 μm und für die zweite Hartchromschicht 4 25 - 30 μm.If the indicator sheet 2 is made of a different material, a structure as shown in FIG. 2 using a second, preferred exemplary embodiment is recommended. In addition, this structure enables a more economical variant than the use of the relatively expensive CVD and PVD layers. The layers according to FIG. 1 are again provided with the same reference numbers. A second hard chrome layer 4, which forms the emergency running layer, is now present between the base material 1 and the indicator layer 2. This hard chrome layer 4 preferably has the same composition as the first hard chrome layer 3, but is considerably thinner. Typical values for a screen basket are 30 - 450 μm for the first hard chrome layer 3 and 25 - 30 μm for the second hard chrome layer 4.
Zur Verbesserung der Haftung der Indikatorschieht 2 auf der zweiten Hartchromschicht 4 können verschiedene Haftvermittler und Aktivierungsverfahren eingesetzt werden. So ist, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, zwischen der zweiten Hartchromschicht 4 und der Indikatorschieht 2 je nach Material der Indikatorschieht 2 eine haftvermittelnde Schicht 5 vorhanden. Diese ist insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Kunststoff als Indikatorschieht 2 notwendig. Die Materialwahl der haftvermittelnden Schicht 5 hängt von der Art der Indikatorschieht 2 ab. Beispielsweise lässt sich ein Nickel-Strike als Haftvermittler einsetzen.Various adhesion promoters and activation methods can be used to improve the adhesion of the indicator layer 2 to the second hard chrome layer 4. Thus, as shown in Figure 2, between the second hard chrome layer 4 and depending on the material, the indicator layer 2 has an adhesion-promoting layer 5 present. This is particularly necessary when plastic is used as an indicator shoe 2. The choice of material for the adhesion-promoting layer 5 depends on the type of indicator layer 2. For example, a nickel strike can be used as an adhesion promoter.
In Figur 3 ist ein drittes, ebenfalls bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, welches sich vor allem bei der Verwendung von Kupfer als Indikatorschieht 2 empfiehlt. Hier ist zwischen der haftvermittelnden Schicht 5 und der Indikatorschieht 2 eine Spannungspufferschicht 6 vorhanden, welche Scherkräfte aufnimmt. Im hier dargestellten Beispiel besteht die haftvermittelnde Schicht 5 wiederum aus einem Nickel-Strike und die Spannungspufferschicht 6 aus galvanischem Nickel . Die haftvermittelnde Schicht 5 weist eine typische Dicke von 20 - 60 μm und die Spannungspufferschicht 6 eine Dicke grösser als 20 μm auf.FIG. 3 shows a third, likewise preferred exemplary embodiment, which is particularly recommended when copper is used as indicator 2. Here, a tension buffer layer 6 is present between the adhesion-promoting layer 5 and the indicator layer 2, which absorbs shear forces. In the example shown here, the adhesion-promoting layer 5 again consists of a nickel strike and the voltage buffer layer 6 consists of galvanic nickel. The adhesion-promoting layer 5 has a typical thickness of 20-60 μm and the voltage buffer layer 6 has a thickness greater than 20 μm.
Im folgenden wird anhand des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäss Figur 3 beschrieben, wie die einzelnen Schichten aufgebracht werden. Der Grundkörper 1 wird gemäss einem bekannten ersten Verfahrens- schritt unter Verwendung einer Innenanode hartverchromt . Dann wird gespült und die Innenanode demontiert. Als nächstes wird ein Anodenkorb für Nickel montiert und die Hartchromschicht in einer Salzsäurelösung aktiviert. In einem optionalen Schritt wird gespült. Anschliessend wird zuerst der Niekel-Strike und anschliessend die galvanische Nickelschicht aufgebracht. Der Anodenkorb für Nickel wird demontiert und ein Anodenkorb für Kupfer wird montiert. Anschliessend wird der Siebkorb verkupfert und der Anodenkorb für Kupfer wieder demontiert, um die Montage einer verbleiten Stahlanode, einer Bleianode oder platinierten Titananode für das Hartverchromen zu ermöglichen. Dabei wird mit einer erhöhten Stromdichte angedeckt, um den Einfluss der Kup- ferschicht auf das elektrische Verhalten zu kompensieren. Je nach Materialwahl sind Modifikationen dieses Herstellungsverfahrens möglich. Insbesondere lässt sich die Indikatorschieht mittels thermisches Spritzen oder Tamponieren aufbringen.The following describes how the individual layers are applied using the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. The base body 1 is hard chrome-plated according to a known first method step using an inner anode. Then it is rinsed and the inner anode is dismantled. Next, an anode basket for nickel is installed and the hard chrome layer is activated in a hydrochloric acid solution. In an optional step, rinsing is carried out. Then the Niekel strike is applied and then the galvanic nickel layer. The anode basket for nickel is dismantled and an anode basket for copper is installed. The screen basket is then copper-plated and the anode basket for copper is dismantled again in order to enable the assembly of a leaded steel anode, a lead anode or platinum-plated titanium anode for hard chrome plating. It is covered with an increased current density to avoid the influence of the copper layer to compensate for the electrical behavior. Depending on the choice of material, modifications of this manufacturing process are possible. In particular, the indicator can be applied by means of thermal spraying or tamponing.
Der erfindungsgemässe Siebkorb ermöglicht durch die Verwendung einer Indikatorschieht eine frühzeitige Erkennung von Abrasionen. Ist zudem eine Notlaufschicht vorhanden, lässt sich eine Sanierung des Siebkorbes in Ruhe vorbereiten. The screen basket according to the invention enables the early detection of abrasions by using an indicator. If there is also an emergency running layer, the sieve basket can be prepared in peace.
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Grundkörper1 basic body
2 Indikatorschieht2 indicator shots
3 Erste Hartchromschicht3 First hard chrome layer
4 Zweite Hartchromschicht4 Second hard chrome layer
5 Haftvermittelnde Schicht5 adhesive layer
6 Spannungspufferschicht 6 voltage buffer layer

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. Hartverchromtes Element, insbesondere ein Siebkorb, bestehend aus einem Grundkörper (1) aus einem Grundmaterial, wobei eine Oberfläche des Grundkörpers (1) mit einer ersten Hartchromschicht (3) versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen erster Hartchromschicht (3) und Grundkörper (1) eine sich optisch von der ersten Hartchromschicht (3) unterscheidende Indikatorschieht (2) vorhanden ist .1. Hard chrome-plated element, in particular a screen basket, consisting of a base body (1) made of a base material, wherein a surface of the base body (1) is provided with a first hard chrome layer (3), characterized in that between the first hard chrome layer (3) and the base body (1) there is an indicator (2) that is optically different from the first hard chrome layer (3).
2. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Indikatorschieht (2) aus einem Buntmetall, aus einem Kunststoff, aus Schwarzchrom oder aus Schwarznickel besteht.2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the indicator shoe (2) consists of a non-ferrous metal, a plastic, black chrome or black nickel.
3. Element nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Indikatorschieht (2) aus Kupfer besteht.3. Element according to claim 2, characterized in that the indicator shoe (2) consists of copper.
4. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Indikatorschieht (2) und Grundkörper (1) eine zweite Hartchromschicht (4) vorhanden ist.4. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that a second hard chrome layer (4) is present between the indicator layer (2) and the base body (1).
5. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Hartchromschicht (4) wesentlich dünner ist als die erste Hartchromschieht. (3) .5. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the second hard chrome layer (4) is substantially thinner than the first hard chrome layer. (3).
6. Element nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der zweiten Hartchromschieht (4) und der Indikatorschieht (2) eine haftvermittelnde Schicht (5) vorhanden ist.6. Element according to claim 4, characterized in that an adhesion-promoting layer (5) is present between the second hard chrome plate (4) and the indicator plate (2).
7. Element nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die haftvermittelnde Schicht (5) ein Nickel-Strike ist.7. Element according to claim 6, characterized in that the adhesion-promoting layer (5) is a nickel strike.
8. Element nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Indikatorschieht (2) und der zweiten Hartchromschieht (4) eine Spannungspufferschicht (6) vorhanden ist.8. Element according to claim 4, characterized in that a voltage buffer layer (6) is present between the indicator shoe (2) and the second hard chrome shoe (4).
9. Element nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannungspufferschicht (6) aus einer galvanischen Nickel- Dispersionsschicht besteht.9. Element according to claim 8, characterized in that the voltage buffer layer (6) consists of a galvanic nickel dispersion layer.
10. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grundkörper (1) aus Edelstahl besteht. 10. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (1) consists of stainless steel.
EP02732304A 2001-07-17 2002-06-10 Hard-chromed sieve basket Expired - Lifetime EP1407060B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH131601 2001-07-17
CH13162001 2001-07-17
PCT/CH2002/000303 WO2003008667A1 (en) 2001-07-17 2002-06-10 Hard-chromed sieve basket

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EP1407060A1 true EP1407060A1 (en) 2004-04-14
EP1407060B1 EP1407060B1 (en) 2009-04-29

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DE102011078655A1 (en) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Voith Patent Gmbh indicator rod
FI124364B (en) * 2012-06-15 2014-07-15 Valmet Technologies Inc Wear-resistant coating of a silk basket and method of manufacturing coating
PT3483319T (en) * 2017-11-09 2022-02-14 Groz Beckert Kg Textile tool with indicator film
CN109868395A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-06-11 安徽信息工程学院 A kind of high hardness material and preparation method thereof

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US3425900A (en) * 1964-08-24 1969-02-04 Appleton Wire Works Corp Coated papermaking wire
US3459642A (en) * 1966-11-18 1969-08-05 Schafler Armando B Process for preparing a planographic plate
US3848744A (en) * 1972-12-04 1974-11-19 J Flaherty Green pellet sizing screen
US4563399A (en) * 1984-09-14 1986-01-07 Michael Ladney Chromium plating process and article produced
DE3533534A1 (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-02 Blendax Werke Schneider Co Dental grinding tool
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CA2453299A1 (en) 2003-01-30
DE50213503D1 (en) 2009-06-10
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WO2003008667A1 (en) 2003-01-30
US20040195158A1 (en) 2004-10-07

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