EP1407060B1 - Hard-chromed sieve basket - Google Patents

Hard-chromed sieve basket Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1407060B1
EP1407060B1 EP02732304A EP02732304A EP1407060B1 EP 1407060 B1 EP1407060 B1 EP 1407060B1 EP 02732304 A EP02732304 A EP 02732304A EP 02732304 A EP02732304 A EP 02732304A EP 1407060 B1 EP1407060 B1 EP 1407060B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
hard
hard chrome
indicator
element according
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EP02732304A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1407060A1 (en
Inventor
Walter Gisin
Michael Hekli
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Hartchrom AG
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Hartchrom AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/40—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition
    • C23C28/44—Coatings including alternating layers following a pattern, a periodic or defined repetition characterized by a measurable physical property of the alternating layer or system, e.g. thickness, density, hardness
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/023—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/02—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material
    • C23C28/027—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings only including layers of metallic material including at least one metal matrix material comprising a mixture of at least two metals or metal phases or metal matrix composites, e.g. metal matrix with embedded inorganic hard particles, CERMET, MMC.
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D5/00—Purification of the pulp suspension by mechanical means; Apparatus therefor
    • D21D5/02—Straining or screening the pulp
    • D21D5/16—Cylinders and plates for screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hard chrome-plated element, in particular a screen basket, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • elements for example those made of steel, are electroplated, in particular technically hard chrome-plated. It is possible to renew the hard chrome plating, that is to re-coat the element when a part of the hard chrome plating is removed.
  • stainless steel screen baskets are used whose surfaces are provided with a hard chrome layer to increase the wear resistance. These screen baskets can also be recoated.
  • the screen baskets consist of a plurality of rods having a substantially triangular cross section and thus have a plurality of crests. The abrasion is on these crests on. strongest, so that here the chrome layer is removed first.
  • the commonly used magnetic measuring methods for determining the layer thickness at these crests fail, it is relatively difficult to set the optimum time for recoating. Too early recoating increases the costs and leads to unnecessary production interruptions. If the screen basket is used too long, the base material on the dome is also removed and thus the screen basket is irreparably damaged. In the second case, the damage is serious because these baskets are relatively expensive. A new hard chrome plating would only amount to one twentieth of the production costs.
  • DE-A-199'09'871 also shows a Verschleissan Attache for a hard chrome-plated element of the type mentioned.
  • This display layer consists of copper, nickel, chromium or precious metals.
  • an indicator layer is present, which differs optically, in particular color, from the hard chrome layer. This makes it possible to detect even in geometrically complicated or hard to reach places, in particular on crests, whether the hard chrome layer has been removed.
  • a second hard chrome layer is provided between the indicator layer and the base material.
  • This second hard chromium layer serves as a run-flat layer with increased wear resistance to protect the base material from abrasion until re-chrome plating.
  • a voltage buffer layer is present between the second hard chrome layer and the indicator layer, which compensates for tensile stresses and thus prevents the indicator layer from cracking or flaking off.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simple embodiment of a layer structure of a screen basket according to the prior art.
  • the screen basket has a base body 1 made of a base material, preferably made of stainless steel.
  • an indicator layer 2 is applied on this base body 1.
  • the material of the indicator layer 2 differs optically, in particular color, from the base material 1.
  • copper is preferably used because of its low cost.
  • other materials are also suitable, for example non-ferrous metals such as brass or bronze, gold, metal ceramics, metal oxides, conductive plastics, black chrome or black nickel.
  • the indicator layers may be formed of metal dispersions or electrochemical dispersion layers such as nickel or copper with micro-color capsules as a dispersant, or they may consist of CVD, PVD or thermal spray coatings.
  • a hard chrome layer 3 is applied, wherein the indicator layer 2 is chosen so that it differs visually, in particular color, from the hard chromium layer 3 in any case. If the hard chrome layer 3 is removed, then the indicator layer 2 stands out optically at these points and indicates that the screen basket has to be chrome-plated anew. If the indicator layer 2 consists of a CVD or a PVD layer, then the screen basket does not have to be replaced immediately since these layers have a relatively good wear resistance and thus ensure a short-term wear protection in the form of a so-called run flat layer. This makes it possible to plan a renovation of the screen basket at rest.
  • FIG. 2 a structure, as in FIG. 2 is illustrated by a first preferred embodiment of this invention.
  • this structure allows a more cost-effective variant than the use of relatively expensive CVD and PVD layers.
  • the layers according to FIG. 1 are again provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a second hard chrome layer 4 is now present, which forms the emergency running layer.
  • This hard chrome layer 4 preferably has the same composition as the first hard chrome layer 3, but is much thinner. Typical values for a screen basket are 30-450 ⁇ m for the first hard chrome layer 3 and 25-30 ⁇ m for the second hard chrome layer 4.
  • adhesion promoters and activation methods can be used.
  • an adhesion-promoting layer 5 available between the second hard chrome layer 4 and the indicator layer 2, depending on the material of the indicator layer 2 an adhesion-promoting layer 5 available. This is necessary in particular when using plastic as an indicator layer 2.
  • the choice of material of the adhesion-promoting layer 5 depends on the type of indicator layer 2. For example, a nickel strike can be used as a primer.
  • FIG. 3 is a second, also preferred embodiment of the invention shown, which is especially recommended when using copper as the indicator layer 2.
  • a stress buffer layer 6 which absorbs shear forces.
  • the adhesion-promoting layer 5 again consists of a nickel strike and the voltage buffer layer 6 of galvanic nickel.
  • the adhesion-promoting layer 5 has a typical thickness of 20-60 .mu.m and the stress buffer layer 6 has a thickness greater than 20 .mu.m.
  • the main body 1 is hard chromium plated according to a known first method step using an inner anode. Then it is rinsed and dismantled the inner anode. Next, an anode basket for nickel is mounted and the hard chrome layer is activated in a hydrochloric acid solution. In an optional step is rinsed. Subsequently, first the nickel strike and then the galvanic nickel layer is applied. The anode basket for nickel is dismantled and an anode basket for copper is mounted.
  • the screen basket is copper-plated and the anode basket for copper is dismantled again to allow the installation of a leaded steel anode, a lead anode or platinum-plated titanium anode for hard chromium plating. It is covered with an increased current density to the influence of the copper layer to compensate for the electrical behavior.
  • the indicator layer can be applied by means of thermal spraying or tamponing.
  • the sieve basket according to the invention enables early detection of abrasions. Since there is also an emergency running layer, a renovation of the screen basket can be prepared in peace.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein hartverchromtes Element, insbesondere einen Siebkorb, gemäss Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a hard chrome-plated element, in particular a screen basket, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit und der Verschleissbeständigkeit werden Elemente, beispielsweise solche aus Stahl, galvanisch beschichtet, insbesondere technisch hartverchromt. Dabei ist es möglich, die Hartverchromung zu erneuern, das heisst das Element erneut zu beschichten, wenn ein Teil der Hartverchromung abgetragen ist.To increase the corrosion resistance and the wear resistance, elements, for example those made of steel, are electroplated, in particular technically hard chrome-plated. It is possible to renew the hard chrome plating, that is to re-coat the element when a part of the hard chrome plating is removed.

In der Papierindustrie, insbesondere im Altpapierrecycling, werden Siebkörbe aus Edelstahl eingesetzt, deren Oberflächen zur Erhöhung der Verschleissbeständigkeit mit einer Hartchromschicht versehen sind. Auch diese Siebkörbe lassen sich neu beschichten. Die Siebkörbe bestehen jedoch aus einer Vielzahl von Stäben mit im wesentlichen dreieckigem Querschnitt und weisen somit eine Vielzahl von Kuppen auf. Die Abrasion ist an diesen Kuppen am. stärksten, so dass hier die Chromschicht zuerst abgetragen wird. Da jedoch die üblicherweise eingesetzten magnetischen Messverfahren zur Bestimmung der Schichtdicke an diesen Kuppen versagen, ist es relativ schwierig, den optimalen Zeitpunkt für eine Neubeschichtung festzulegen. Eine zu frühe Neubeschichtung erhöht die Kosten und führt zu unnötigen Produktionsunterbrüchen. Wird der Siebkorb zu lange eingesetzt, wird auch das Grundmaterial an der Kuppe abgetragen und somit der Siebkorb irreparabel beschädigt. Im zweiten Fall ist der Schaden gravierend, da diese Körbe relativ teuer sind. Eine erneute Hartverchromung würde lediglich einen Zwanzigstel der Herstellungskosten betragen.In the paper industry, especially in waste paper recycling, stainless steel screen baskets are used whose surfaces are provided with a hard chrome layer to increase the wear resistance. These screen baskets can also be recoated. However, the screen baskets consist of a plurality of rods having a substantially triangular cross section and thus have a plurality of crests. The abrasion is on these crests on. strongest, so that here the chrome layer is removed first. However, since the commonly used magnetic measuring methods for determining the layer thickness at these crests fail, it is relatively difficult to set the optimum time for recoating. Too early recoating increases the costs and leads to unnecessary production interruptions. If the screen basket is used too long, the base material on the dome is also removed and thus the screen basket is irreparably damaged. In the second case, the damage is serious because these baskets are relatively expensive. A new hard chrome plating would only amount to one twentieth of the production costs.

Es ist bekannt, Werkzeuge mit einer Indikatorschicht zu versehen, welche den Verschleisszustand des Werkzeugs sichtbar macht. So offenbart DE-A-35'33'534 ein zahnärztliches Schleifwerkzeug aus Stahl, welches eine metallische Zwischenschicht und eine silberweisse Nickelaussenschicht aufweist. Die Nickelaussenschicht ist mit Diamanten oder anderen körnigen Schleifmitteln durchsetzt.It is known to provide tools with an indicator layer, which makes the wear state of the tool visible. So revealed DE-A-35'33'534 a dental grinding tool made of steel, which has a metallic intermediate layer and a silver white nickel outer layer. The nickel outer layer is interspersed with diamonds or other granular abrasives.

DE-A-199'09'871 zeigt ebenfalls eine Verschleissanzeige für ein hartverchromtes Element der eingangs genannten Art. Diese Anzeigeschicht besteht aus Kupfer, Nickel, Chrom oder Edelmetallen. DE-A-199'09'871 also shows a Verschleissanzeige for a hard chrome-plated element of the type mentioned. This display layer consists of copper, nickel, chromium or precious metals.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Es ist deshalb eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein hartverchromtes Element, insbesondere einen Siebkorb, zu schaffen, welches eine Erkennung eines optimalen Zeitpunktes für eine Neuverchromung ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a hard chromium-plated element, in particular a screen basket, which enables recognition of an optimum time for a new chrome plating.

Diese Aufgabe löst ein hartverchromtes Element mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1.This object is achieved by a hard chrome-plated element having the features of patent claim 1.

Zwischen einem Grundmaterial und der Hart-chromschicht des Elementes ist eine Indikatorschicht vorhanden, welche sich optisch, insbesondere farblich, von der Hartchromschicht unterscheidet. Dadurch lässt sich auch an geometrisch komplizierten oder schwer zugänglichen Stellen, insbesondere an Kuppen, erkennen, ob die Hartchromschicht abgetragen ist.Between a base material and the hard chromium layer of the element, an indicator layer is present, which differs optically, in particular color, from the hard chrome layer. This makes it possible to detect even in geometrically complicated or hard to reach places, in particular on crests, whether the hard chrome layer has been removed.

Zwischen der Indikatorschicht und dem Grundmaterial ist eine zweite Hartchromschicht vorgesehen. Diese zweite Hartchromschicht dient als Notlaufschicht mit einer erhöhten Verschleissbeständigkeit, um das Grundmaterial bis zur Neuverchromung vor Abrasion zu schützen. Vorzugsweise ist dabei zwischen der zweiten Hartchromschicht und der Indikatorschicht eine Spannungspufferschicht vorhanden, welche Zugspannungen kompensiert und somit vermeidet, dass die Indikatorschicht rissig wird oder abplatzt.Between the indicator layer and the base material, a second hard chrome layer is provided. This second hard chromium layer serves as a run-flat layer with increased wear resistance to protect the base material from abrasion until re-chrome plating. Preferably, a voltage buffer layer is present between the second hard chrome layer and the indicator layer, which compensates for tensile stresses and thus prevents the indicator layer from cracking or flaking off.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen gehen aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen hervor.Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Kurze Beschreibung der zeichnungShort description of the drawing

Im folgenden wird der Erfindungsgegenstand anhand von bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen, welche in den beliegenden Zeichnungen dargestellt sind, erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische, nicht massstäbliche Darstellung eines Schichtaufbaus eines hartverchromten Siebkorbes in einer Ausführungform nach dem Stand der Technik;
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung einer ersten erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsform und
Figur 3
eine schematische Darstellung einer Zweiten erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsform.
In the following the subject invention based on preferred embodiments, which in the accompanying drawings are illustrated explained. Show it:
FIG. 1
a schematic, not to scale representation of a layer structure of a hard chrome screen basket in an embodiment of the prior art;
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of a first embodiment according to the invention and
FIG. 3
a schematic representation of a second embodiment according to the invention.

Wege zur Ausführung der ErfindungWays to carry out the invention

In Figur 1 ist ein einfaches Ausführungsbeispiel eines Schichtaufbaus eines Siebkorbes nach dem Stand der Technik dargestellt. Der Siebkorb weist einen Grundkörper 1 aus einem Grundmaterial, vorzugsweise aus Edelstahl, auf.In FIG. 1 shows a simple embodiment of a layer structure of a screen basket according to the prior art. The screen basket has a base body 1 made of a base material, preferably made of stainless steel.

Auf diesem Grundkörper 1 ist eine Indikatorschicht 2 aufgebracht. Vorzugsweise unterscheidet sich das Material der Indikatorschicht 2 optisch, insbesondere farblich, vom Grundmaterial 1. Als Indikatorschicht 2 wird aufgrund seiner geringen Kosten vorzugsweise Kupfer verwendet. Es eignen sich jedoch auch andere Materialien, beispielsweise Buntmetalle wie Messing oder Bronze, Gold, Metallkeramiken, Metalloxide, leitfähige Kunststoffe, Schwarzchrom oder Schwarznickel. Des weiteren können die Indikatorschichten aus Metalldispersionen oder elektrochemischen Dispersionsschichten wie Nickel oder Kupfer mit Mikrofarbkapseln als Dispergens gebildet sein oder sie können aus CVD-, PVD- oder thermischen Spritzschichten bestehen.On this base body 1, an indicator layer 2 is applied. Preferably, the material of the indicator layer 2 differs optically, in particular color, from the base material 1. As the indicator layer 2, copper is preferably used because of its low cost. However, other materials are also suitable, for example non-ferrous metals such as brass or bronze, gold, metal ceramics, metal oxides, conductive plastics, black chrome or black nickel. Furthermore, the indicator layers may be formed of metal dispersions or electrochemical dispersion layers such as nickel or copper with micro-color capsules as a dispersant, or they may consist of CVD, PVD or thermal spray coatings.

Auf der Indikatorschicht 2 ist eine Hartchromschicht 3 aufgebracht, wobei die Indikatorschicht 2 so gewählt ist, dass sie sich auf jeden Fall optisch, insbesondere farblich, von der Hartchromschicht 3 unterscheidet. Wird nun die Hartchromschicht 3 abgetragen, so sticht die Indikatorschicht 2 an diesen Stellen optisch hervor und gibt zu erkennen, dass der Siebkorb neu zu verchromen ist. Besteht die Indikatorschicht 2 aus einer CVD-oder einer PVD-Schicht, so muss der Siebkorb nicht unmittelbar ausgewechselt werden, da diese Schichten eine relativ gute Verschleissbeständigkeit aufweisen und somit in Form einer sogenannten Notlaufschicht einen, wenn auch kurzzeitigen Verschleissschutz gewährleisten. Dadurch lässt sich eine Sanierung des Siebkorbes in Ruhe planen.On the indicator layer 2, a hard chrome layer 3 is applied, wherein the indicator layer 2 is chosen so that it differs visually, in particular color, from the hard chromium layer 3 in any case. If the hard chrome layer 3 is removed, then the indicator layer 2 stands out optically at these points and indicates that the screen basket has to be chrome-plated anew. If the indicator layer 2 consists of a CVD or a PVD layer, then the screen basket does not have to be replaced immediately since these layers have a relatively good wear resistance and thus ensure a short-term wear protection in the form of a so-called run flat layer. This makes it possible to plan a renovation of the screen basket at rest.

Besteht die Indikatorschicht 2 aus einem anderen Material, so empfiehlt sich ein Aufbau, wie er in Figur 2 anhand eines ersten bevorzugten erfindungsgemässen Ausführungsbeispiels dargestellt ist. Zudem ermöglicht dieser Aufbau eine kostengünstigere Variante als die Verwendung der relativ teuren CVD- und PVD-Schichten. Die Schichten gemäss Figur 1 sind wiederum mit denselben Bezugsziffern versehen. Zwischen dem Grundmaterial 1 und der Indikatorschicht 2 ist nun eine zweite Hartchromschicht 4 vorhanden, welche die Notlaufschicht bildet. Diese Hartchromschicht 4 weist vorzugsweise dieselbe Zusammensetzung auf wie die erste Hartchromschicht 3, ist jedoch wesentlich dünner. Typische Werte für einen Siebkorb betragen für die erste Hartchromschicht 3 30 - 450 µm und für die zweite Hartchromschicht 4 25 - 30 µm.If the indicator layer 2 of a different material, so it is recommended a structure, as in FIG. 2 is illustrated by a first preferred embodiment of this invention. In addition, this structure allows a more cost-effective variant than the use of relatively expensive CVD and PVD layers. The layers according to FIG. 1 are again provided with the same reference numerals. Between the base material 1 and the indicator layer 2, a second hard chrome layer 4 is now present, which forms the emergency running layer. This hard chrome layer 4 preferably has the same composition as the first hard chrome layer 3, but is much thinner. Typical values for a screen basket are 30-450 μm for the first hard chrome layer 3 and 25-30 μm for the second hard chrome layer 4.

Zur Verbesserung der Haftung der Indikatorschicht 2 auf der zweiten Hartchromschicht 4 können verschiedene Haftvermittler und Aktivierungsverfahren eingesetzt werden. So ist, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, zwischen der zweiten Hartchromschicht 4 und der Indikatorschicht 2 je nach Material der Indikatorschicht 2 eine haftvermittelnde Schicht 5 vorhanden. Diese ist insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Kunststoff als Indikatorschicht 2 notwendig. Die Materialwahl der haftvermittelnden Schicht 5 hängt von der Art der Indikatorschicht 2 ab. Beispielsweise lässt sich ein Nickel-Strike als Haftvermittler einsetzen.To improve the adhesion of the indicator layer 2 on the second hard chrome layer 4, various adhesion promoters and activation methods can be used. Thus, as shown in Figure 2, between the second hard chrome layer 4 and the indicator layer 2, depending on the material of the indicator layer 2 an adhesion-promoting layer 5 available. This is necessary in particular when using plastic as an indicator layer 2. The choice of material of the adhesion-promoting layer 5 depends on the type of indicator layer 2. For example, a nickel strike can be used as a primer.

In Figur 3 ist ein zweites, ebenfalls bevorzugtes erfindungsgemässes Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt, welches sich vor allem bei der Verwendung von Kupfer als Indikatorschicht 2 empfiehlt. Hier ist zwischen der haftvermittelnden Schicht 5 und der Indikatorschicht 2 eine Spannungspufferschicht 6 vorhanden, welche Scherkräfte aufnimmt. Im hier dargestellten Beispiel besteht die haftvermittelnde Schicht 5 wiederum aus einem Nickel-Strike und die Spannungspufferschicht 6 aus galvanischem Nickel. Die haftvermittelnde Schicht 5 weist eine typische Dicke von 20 - 60 µm und die Spannungspufferschicht 6 eine Dicke grösser als 20 µm auf.In FIG. 3 is a second, also preferred embodiment of the invention shown, which is especially recommended when using copper as the indicator layer 2. Here, between the adhesion-promoting layer 5 and the indicator layer 2, there is a stress buffer layer 6, which absorbs shear forces. In the example shown here, the adhesion-promoting layer 5 again consists of a nickel strike and the voltage buffer layer 6 of galvanic nickel. The adhesion-promoting layer 5 has a typical thickness of 20-60 .mu.m and the stress buffer layer 6 has a thickness greater than 20 .mu.m.

Im folgenden wird anhand des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäss Figur 3 beschrieben, wie die einzelnen Schichten aufgebracht werden. Der Grundkörper 1 wird gemäss einem bekannten ersten Verfahrensschritt unter Verwendung einer Innenanode hartverchromt. Dann wird gespült und die Innenanode demontiert. Als nächstes wird ein Anodenkorb für Nickel montiert und die Hartchromschicht in einer Salzsäurelösung aktiviert. In einem optionalen Schritt wird gespült. Anschliessend wird zuerst der Nickel-Strike und anschliessend die galvanische Nickelschicht aufgebracht. Der Anodenkorb für Nickel wird demontiert und ein Anodenkorb für Kupfer wird montiert. Anschliessend wird der Siebkorb verkupfert und der Anodenkorb für Kupfer wieder demontiert, um die Montage einer verbleiten Stahlanode, einer Bleianode oder platinierten Titananode für das Hartverchromen zu ermöglichen. Dabei wird mit einer erhöhten Stromdichte angedeckt, um den Einfluss der Kupferschicht auf das elektrische Verhalten zu kompensieren.
Je nach Materialwahl sind Modifikationen dieses Herstellungsverfahrens möglich. Insbesondere lässt sich die Indikatorschicht mittels thermisches Spritzen oder Tamponieren aufbringen.The following is based on the embodiment according to FIG. 3 describes how the individual layers are applied. The main body 1 is hard chromium plated according to a known first method step using an inner anode. Then it is rinsed and dismantled the inner anode. Next, an anode basket for nickel is mounted and the hard chrome layer is activated in a hydrochloric acid solution. In an optional step is rinsed. Subsequently, first the nickel strike and then the galvanic nickel layer is applied. The anode basket for nickel is dismantled and an anode basket for copper is mounted. Subsequently, the screen basket is copper-plated and the anode basket for copper is dismantled again to allow the installation of a leaded steel anode, a lead anode or platinum-plated titanium anode for hard chromium plating. It is covered with an increased current density to the influence of the copper layer to compensate for the electrical behavior.
Depending on the choice of material, modifications of this manufacturing process are possible. In particular, the indicator layer can be applied by means of thermal spraying or tamponing.

Der erfindungsgemässe Siebkorb ermöglicht durch die Verwendung einer Indikatorschicht eine frühzeitige Erkennung von Abrasionen. Da zudem eine Notlaufschicht vorhanden ist, lässt sich eine Sanierung des Siebkorbes in Ruhe vorbereiten.By means of the use of an indicator layer, the sieve basket according to the invention enables early detection of abrasions. Since there is also an emergency running layer, a renovation of the screen basket can be prepared in peace.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Grundkörperbody
22
Indikatorschichtindicator layer
33
Erste HartchromschichtFirst hard chrome layer
44
Zweite HartchromschichtSecond hard chrome layer
55
Haftvermittelnde SchichtAdhesive layer
66
SpannungspufferschichtStress buffer layer

Claims (9)

  1. Hard-chromed element, in particular a sieve basket, comprising a base body (1) made from a base material, a surface of the base body (1) being provided with a first hard chrome layer (3), an indicator layer (2), which is optically different from the first hard chrome layer (3), being present between the first hard chrome layer (3) and the base body (1), characterized in that a second hard chromium layer (4) is present as an emergency running layer between indicator layer (2) and base body (1).
  2. Element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the indicator layer (2) consists of a nonferrous metal, of a plastic, of black chromium or of black nickel.
  3. Element according to Claim 2, characterized in that the indicator layer (2) consists of copper.
  4. Element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the second hard chrome layer (4) is significantly thinner than the first hard chrome layer (3).
  5. Element according to Claim 1, characterized in that a bonding layer (5) is present between the second hard chrome layer (4) and the indicator layer (2).
  6. Element according to Claim 5, characterized in that the bonding layer (5) is a nickel strike.
  7. Element according to Claim 1, characterized in that a stress buffer layer (6) is present between the indicator layer (2) and the second hard chromium layer (4).
  8. Element according to Claim 7, characterized in that the stress buffer layer (6) consists of an electroplated nickel dispersion layer.
  9. Element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the base body (1) consists of special steel.
EP02732304A 2001-07-17 2002-06-10 Hard-chromed sieve basket Expired - Lifetime EP1407060B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH131601 2001-07-17
CH13162001 2001-07-17
PCT/CH2002/000303 WO2003008667A1 (en) 2001-07-17 2002-06-10 Hard-chromed sieve basket

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1407060A1 EP1407060A1 (en) 2004-04-14
EP1407060B1 true EP1407060B1 (en) 2009-04-29

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02732304A Expired - Lifetime EP1407060B1 (en) 2001-07-17 2002-06-10 Hard-chromed sieve basket

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US (1) US20040195158A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1407060B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2453299A1 (en)
DE (1) DE50213503D1 (en)
WO (1) WO2003008667A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011078655A1 (en) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Voith Patent Gmbh indicator rod
FI124364B (en) 2012-06-15 2014-07-15 Valmet Technologies Inc Wear-resistant coating of a silk basket and method of manufacturing coating
ES2905965T3 (en) * 2017-11-09 2022-04-12 Groz Beckert Kg Textile tool with indicator layer
CN109868395A (en) * 2019-03-20 2019-06-11 安徽信息工程学院 A kind of high hardness material and preparation method thereof

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3425900A (en) * 1964-08-24 1969-02-04 Appleton Wire Works Corp Coated papermaking wire
US3459642A (en) * 1966-11-18 1969-08-05 Schafler Armando B Process for preparing a planographic plate
US3848744A (en) * 1972-12-04 1974-11-19 J Flaherty Green pellet sizing screen
US4563399A (en) * 1984-09-14 1986-01-07 Michael Ladney Chromium plating process and article produced
DE3533534A1 (en) * 1985-09-20 1987-04-02 Blendax Werke Schneider Co Dental grinding tool
DE19909871A1 (en) * 1999-03-08 2000-10-05 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Tread wear indicator has tread wear coat and a sensor
US6585116B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2003-07-01 Voith Sulzer Paper Technology North America, Inc. Screening apparatus for fiber suspension

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003008667A1 (en) 2003-01-30
EP1407060A1 (en) 2004-04-14
CA2453299A1 (en) 2003-01-30
US20040195158A1 (en) 2004-10-07
DE50213503D1 (en) 2009-06-10

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