EP1405084A2 - Verfahren zur überwachung der funktionsfähigkeit einer flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung und flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur überwachung der funktionsfähigkeit einer flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung und flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1405084A2 EP1405084A2 EP02751117A EP02751117A EP1405084A2 EP 1405084 A2 EP1405084 A2 EP 1405084A2 EP 02751117 A EP02751117 A EP 02751117A EP 02751117 A EP02751117 A EP 02751117A EP 1405084 A2 EP1405084 A2 EP 1405084A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- response signal
- reference value
- transducer
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 206010010774 Constipation Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013537 high throughput screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007620 mathematical function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010972 statistical evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
- G01N35/1016—Control of the volume dispensed or introduced
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
- B01L3/0241—Drop counters; Drop formers
- B01L3/0268—Drop counters; Drop formers using pulse dispensing or spraying, eg. inkjet type, piezo actuated ejection of droplets from capillaries
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1004—Cleaning sample transfer devices
- G01N2035/1006—Rinsing only the inside of the tip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1009—Characterised by arrangements for controlling the aspiration or dispense of liquids
- G01N35/1016—Control of the volume dispensed or introduced
- G01N2035/1018—Detecting inhomogeneities, e.g. foam, bubbles, clots
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N2035/1027—General features of the devices
- G01N2035/1034—Transferring microquantities of liquid
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for monitoring the functionality of a liquid delivery device and a liquid delivery device.
- Liquid delivery devices are, for example, pipetting or dispensing devices and pumps.
- Dispensing and pipetting devices are used, for example, to fill sample carriers, such as titer plates.
- sample carriers such as titer plates.
- Such titer plates have a large number of wells, for example 1536 or 2080 wells, each well receiving a small amount of sample liquid.
- the samples contained in the titer plates are then examined, for example in automatic examination processes such as high throughput screening (HTS).
- HTS high throughput screening
- Automatic dispensing or pipetting devices are used to fill titer plates or other sample carriers.
- Such liquid conveying devices have a chamber for receiving liquid.
- the pressure in this chamber is usually increased to dispense liquid droplets.
- a piezo element is provided, for example, which acts on the liquid provided in the chamber.
- the dispensing quantities sometimes include only a few nanoliters when filling titer plates, in particular less than 50 nl.
- a number of dispensing or pipetting devices are usually arranged next to one another and operated in parallel.
- the micropumps i.e. H. the combination of piezo elements and liquid chamber are extremely prone to failure.
- the quantity of liquid dispensed by the liquid delivery device is influenced due to faults. Even small changes in the amount of liquid have a considerable influence on the test results, especially in high throughput screening, so that the test results are falsified even with small deviations in the amount of liquid and are therefore unusable. Such disturbances occur, for example, as a result of air bubbles in the chamber or the capillaries connected to the chamber, from which the liquid is delivered or supplied. Furthermore, deposits or crystallizations of the liquid or from the liquid can lead to partial or complete blockages.
- Faults can also be caused by drops of liquid at an outlet opening of the liquid conveying device, since the direction of flight of the drops changes or the drops are not released at all.
- Disruptions can also be caused by changing physical properties of the liquid, such as. B. changes in viscosity or changes in the composition of the liquid occur.
- disturbances caused by changes in the environmental conditions e.g. B. immersion of the pipetting or dispensing tip in liquid.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for monitoring the functionality of a liquid delivery device, by means of which the functionality of the liquid delivery device is improved. It is also the task of Invention to provide a liquid delivery device with improved functionality.
- the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and a device according to claim 19.
- a response signal that is generated by a liquid transducer system in operation is used to detect occurring faults such as air bubbles, blockages and the like.
- the response signal can be, for example, a current, voltage or a charge signal.
- a signal emitted directly by the converter or a signal obtained by a transformation can be used as the response signal as the response signal.
- a liquid transducer system ie essentially a system consisting of mechanical components of the transducer and of fluid on which the transducer acts, has one or more characteristic "fluidic resonances".
- the response signal also contains, for example, information about errors in fluidic subsystems of the liquid converter system. Particularly significant changes occur in the resonance frequency (s), a frequency shift or damping in particular being able to be determined here.
- characteristic changes in a response signal can also be found at other frequencies.
- the viscosity and the composition of the liquid on which the transducer acts must also be taken into account. Due to air entrapment, constipation, or changing physical properties of the liquid, e.g. B. the viscosity, the liquid transducer system experiences a change in the vibrating mass. In other words, a response signal changes when the liquid converter system is excited with an excitation signal and a fault and / or change occurs. The response signal also changes, for example, when the dispensing or Pipette tip, ie a dispensing tip of the liquid delivery device is immersed in liquid or a drop hangs on the tip. As a result, some of the vibrations are transferred to the liquid into which the tip is immersed or the attached drop increases the vibrating mass.
- the converter of the liquid converter system is excited with an excitation signal.
- This suggestion takes place, for example, at regular time intervals during operation. Different excitation signals can be used at different times.
- the excitation signal preferably corresponds to a resonance frequency. An excitation signal close to a resonance frequency is also preferred.
- the frequency difference between the resonance frequency and the excitation signal is preferably at most twice the half-width of the resonance.
- the response signal of the liquid converter system caused by the excitation signal is recorded.
- the response signal is then compared to a reference value.
- the reference value is, for example, a predetermined value or a value stored in a control unit. The comparison between one or more reference values and a response signal can be carried out directly using an appropriate electronic circuit.
- the reference value is preferably a response signal from the liquid converter system, in which there are no faults, such as blockages and the like.
- This reference value can be stored in a memory device, for example.
- Such a reference value is preferably determined by measuring the response signal of a functional liquid transducer system at a resonance frequency. This measurement can be carried out once and the reference value is then stored in the storage device. A corresponding measurement can be repeated at regular intervals as a check. It is also possible to determine a reference value before each measurement. In this embodiment of the method, the correction step is preferably carried out when the response signal exceeds or falls below a limit value.
- a response signal of a disturbed, ie, for example, a certain type of constipation, liquid transducer system is specified as a reference value.
- This reference value can in turn be stored.
- the reference value can in turn be determined by measuring a response signal in the case of a malfunctioning liquid converter system and storing it in a control device.
- the correction step is preferably carried out when the response signal lies within a predetermined deviation from the reference value.
- the response signal essentially corresponds to the reference value, so that it can be determined at the same time what type of disturbance, for example whether partial or complete constipation, is present.
- a plurality of reference values are preferably stored as a function of the types of faults that occur.
- the type of disturbance can thus be determined at the same time on the basis of the response signal.
- the reference value which can be the reference value of a functional or a malfunctioning liquid converter system of a specific type of fault, can also be determined with the aid of replacement models of the liquid delivery device. In particular, it is also possible to determine reference values using computer simulations.
- a correction step is preferably only carried out when the limit value has been exceeded / fallen short of or a response signal has occurred several times within a predetermined deviation from the reference value, for example within a predetermined period of time or immediately after one another. A correction step is therefore carried out depending on a statistic.
- the liquid delivery device can also be, for example, a pump, such as an HPLC pump.
- a response signal can be measured directly on the pump or by a subsequent liquid converter system.
- the reference value itself can change over time (f (t)), the change being calculated or arising as a function of a further measurement signal, for example in the case of an HPLC pump as a function of the ratio of acetonetrile / water.
- the state of a valve can also be determined using the method according to the invention using an additional liquid converter system. As soon as the valve is open, there is liquid in an area arranged downstream of the valve. This changes the response signal.
- the functionality of a valve can thus be checked with the aid of the method according to the invention. This is particularly advantageous with microsystem chips.
- the reference value is, for example, a value (e.g. input impedance at one frequency), a combination of values (e.g. input impedance at several frequencies), a certain limited range of values (partial spectrum (e.g. input impedance between 1000 and 3000 Hz)) entire spectrum and / or a mathematical function.
- the reference value can be viewed here as a value, for example as a single curve, or as a tolerance range, that is to say between two curves, for example.
- the response signal is preferably determined in a first step at a single frequency in order to determine the error that has occurred as precisely as possible. This frequency is included in the spectrum of the reference value. If the response signal obtained by this frequency does not allow a clear statement about the error, the response signal is preferably determined for a combination of frequencies, ranges of different frequencies (partial spectra) or according to the reference value over the entire spectrum. This makes it possible to determine the exact error, if necessary in several steps.
- the correction step involves, for example, performing a cleaning step or dabbing off a dispensing or pipetting tip.
- Another example of a correction step is the termination of the liquid delivery with or without outputting a corresponding message to the user.
- the user can then, for example, perform cleaning, new adjustment or the like on the liquid dispensing device as a function of the detected fault.
- the determined error value can also be saved. Such storage can be used for statistical evaluations to check whether the determined type of error also corresponds to the actual type of error, etc. For example, it is also possible, in a correction step, not to change the dispensing quantity or to carry out any cleaning or the like, but merely to save the detected error and to continue the liquid dispensing process unchanged.
- the storage can For example, in relation to a specific well, so that it is known in a later examination of this well that errors have occurred when a liquid has been dispensed into this well and measurement results can therefore be falsified. Depending on the type of error that has occurred, this can be relevant for all subsequent wells or only for the specific well.
- the method can be carried out, for example, at regular intervals during the filling process of titer plates or other sample carriers. It is also possible to carry out the method according to the invention continuously during the entire filling process. This is a particularly preferred embodiment of the method.
- the state of the liquid converter system is preferably measured by the signal with which the liquid delivery device is operated at the same time.
- a signal is selected which is suitable for exciting the liquid converter system and which contains the frequencies at which the response signal is to be measured.
- a sine signal can be used.
- the excitation signal has a sufficient amplitude. It is thus possible to use the same signal to both actuate the liquid delivery device and to carry out function monitoring at the same time.
- the method according to the invention has the advantage that no additional sensor for monitoring the functionality of the liquid delivery device is required. Rather, the monitoring takes place directly via a preferably reversible electromechanical transducer, such as, for example, a piezo actuator of a micropump, which at the same time also actuates the liquid delivery device and carries out the function monitoring. Furthermore, a large number of different errors can be recognized by the method according to the invention. In addition to the detectability of air or gas bubbles in the liquid, blockages, crystallization and deposits are also detectable. As described above, it is also possible to immerse the liquid delivery tip in a liquid. In particular, it is also possible with the method according to the invention to determine physical changes in the liquid.
- a change in viscosity caused by temperature fluctuation is determined using the method according to the invention. It is also possible to determine with the aid of the method according to the invention that a liquid drop hangs on the liquid dispensing tip, since the mass of this liquid drop is part of the mass of the liquid converter system and thus a response signal is generated which differs from the reference value different.
- the liquid on which the transducer acts is preferably arranged in a chamber, in particular a chamber of a micropump.
- the chamber of a micropump usually has an inlet opening with a small diameter for the supply of liquid into the chamber. Furthermore, the chamber of a micropump has an outlet opening with a likewise small diameter.
- both the generation of the excitation signal and the reception of the response signal are carried out with the aid of the converter. This can be done by the converter generating a pulse as an excitation signal, then switching to reception mode and thus being able to receive the response signal from the system. In this case, however, it is necessary that the excitation pulses be very short, since the response signal is very fast due to the small size of the system.
- the excitation signal is output and the response signal is received simultaneously or can at least partially overlap in time.
- an electrical or electro-mechanical converter such as a piezo actuator, this can be done by applying a voltage to the converter.
- the response signal of the liquid converter system is then, for example, the current flowing in the converter.
- the response signal is thus a measure of the "resistance" that the transducer has when moving the liquid. From this response signal, ie the “converter resistance”, the information about a disturbance, such as an air bubble, a blockage of the nozzle or a resonance of a drop hanging in a nozzle, etc. can be obtained and / or the admittance of the liquid converter system.
- the reference value is also determined with the aid of the impedance, the capacitance and / or the admittance of the liquid converter system.
- the electrical impedance With the help of the electrical impedance, it is open, for example It is easy to determine changes in the phase shift between current and voltage that occur in the event of malfunctions.
- the input impedance, the input admittance or the input capacitance can be used for the measurement.
- a cleaning cycle can be carried out as a correction step, for example.
- a cleaning cycle is, for example, the continuous dispensing of a large amount of liquid. This causes air bubbles, deposits and the like to be flushed out of the chamber. If, for example, a change in the viscosity of the liquid is determined by the method according to the invention, a change in the excitation signal of the electromechanical transducer can also take place as a correction step, so that the amount of liquid dispensed is adapted to the changed viscosity of the liquid. As a result, a constant drop volume can be generated even with changing viscosities of the liquid.
- Corresponding excitation signals depending on the viscosity are preferably stored in the memory device.
- the different disturbances air bubbles, deposits, immersion in a liquid
- the response signals can be distinguished, it is possible to determine the type of error on the basis of the response signal.
- the controller can react differently depending on the type of error. For example, if an air bubble is found in the chamber, the chamber can be flushed out. If, for example, a drop hanging on the liquid dispensing tip is found, it is possible to fix the error in a simple and effective manner by dabbing the liquid conveying device onto an absorbent cloth or the like.
- the method according to the invention is also suitable, for example, for monitoring pumps, in particular HPLC pumps. Not only can the functionality of the pump be monitored, but the pump itself can also be controlled using the method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention in connection with pumps, in particular HPLC pumps, it is possible to monitor the gradient in the HPLC pump. A change in the composition of the liquid due to contamination or the like is found to be a malfunction.
- the individual pumps of the liquids can be controlled differently in order to readjust the gradient.
- the excitation signal not only as a single excitation frequency, but also as a signal having a plurality of excitation frequencies, for example as a square-wave signal.
- This makes it possible to record several points, partial spectra or an entire spectrum of the response signal. Different combinations of frequencies or signals can then also be decisive for different types of errors.
- it is possible to use the same device that generates the signal acting on the converter to excite the liquid converter system for recording the response signal but to provide different devices.
- the excitation of the liquid transducer system can take place electrically or magnetically via a transducer and the response signal can be acquired mechanically or optically.
- the converter for the liquid delivery and the function monitoring is not identical.
- the invention further relates to a liquid delivery device which is particularly suitable for dispensing very small quantities.
- the liquid delivery device has a liquid receiving area, such as the chamber of a micropump.
- the liquid delivery device has a transducer which acts on the liquid provided in the liquid receiving region.
- the converter is, for example, a reversible converter, preferably an electromechanical converter, such as a piezo actuator. In further preferred embodiments, it is a magnetorestrictive transducer, for example.
- the liquid delivery device has a control device which is connected to the converter. The control device serves to excite the converter with an excitation signal. Furthermore, the control device is preferably also used to detect a response signal from the liquid converter system. It is a response signal to the excitation signal.
- the control device also serves to compare a reference value with the response signal.
- the reference value can be, for example, a value or a combination of values, etc. of a functional or a malfunctioning system.
- This is preferably stored in the control device.
- the fluid transducer system includes the transducer and fluid intake area. It is essential to the invention that the liquid absorption area is also taken into account as an area influencing the response signal. Furthermore, all other resonant areas of the liquid converter system have an influence on the response signal.
- the converter serves both as an actuator and as a sensor.
- the generation of the excitation signal can take place with a time delay, or preferably at the same time or overlapping, as described above using the method according to the invention.
- the response signal is carried out by means of software, or the comparison between the response signal and the reference signal is carried out by means of software in order to be able to determine even extremely small changes.
- the input impedance changes are, for example, at the. Droplets hanging from the nozzle or extremely small in the case of partial blockages.
- the frequency at which the comparison of the response signal with the reference value takes place is advantageous, depending on the liquid converter system.
- the measurement parameter must advantageously be selected.
- the phase values have proven to be advantageous measurement parameters.
- the liquid dispensing device according to the invention is particularly suitable for carrying out the above method.
- the individual components of the liquid delivery device according to the invention and in particular the control device are designed such that they are suitable for carrying out the above method and in particular the preferred embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a liquid delivery device
- Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of that shown in Fig. 1
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic circuit diagram for carrying out the method according to the invention
- Fig. 4 waveforms of the reference value and the response signal when an air bubble occurs
- Fig. 5 waveforms of the reference value and response signals when a blockage occurs.
- a dispensing device 10 is shown as a liquid delivery device. This has a chamber 12 filled with sample liquid. The chamber is connected to a reservoir via a channel 14. At a dispensing tip 16, an outlet opening 18 is connected to the chamber 12 via a capillary 20.
- a rear wall 22 of the chamber 12 is flexible.
- a piezo actuator 24 is provided adjacent to the rear wall 22.
- the piezo actuator is connected to a control device 28 via a line 26.
- the piezo actuator 24 can be activated by the control device 28. Activation of the piezo actuator exerts pressure on the flexible rear wall 22 of the chamber 12. Due to the pressure increase in the chamber 12, droplets 30 are expelled from the outlet opening 18.
- the control device 28 is preferably a computer (FIG. 3). Likewise, the function of the control device 28 can be taken over by a computer, which also performs other tasks.
- the computer 28 has a converter consisting of a digital-to-analog converter 32 and an analog-to-digital converter 34, for example a converter card.
- a signal 36 generated by the computer 28 is thus converted by the digital-to-analog converter 32 into an analog signal 38, which is amplified by an amplifier 40 and then fed to the piezo actuator 24.
- Signal 38 is a signal having the excitation signal.
- the voltage of the signal 38 is either selected so that only the functionality is monitored or at the same time droplets are also dispensed through the outlet opening 18 of the pipette tip 16 (FIG. 1).
- a response signal 44 is fed to the control device 28 via the analog-digital converter 34.
- the response signal is the response signal of the liquid converter system, i. H. the response signal caused in particular by the transducer 24 and by the liquid present in the chamber 12 and all liquid that is connected to it (eg capillary 20, drops on the nozzle, etc.).
- the other mechanical parts of the liquid converter system, such as. B. the membrane and the capillary 20 influence the response signal.
- the response signal 44 is in the operating state, i. H. while monitoring the functionality around the response signal.
- the reference value is previously generated with the same circuit shown in FIG. 3 and stored in the control device 28. When generating the reference value, care must be taken to ensure that there are no impurities, air bubbles and the like in the chamber 12 or capillaries 20.
- the diagram shown in FIG. 4 shows the complex input capacity of a dispenser versus frequency.
- the upper diagram shows the amount of Capacitance versus frequency and the diagram below shows the phase of capacitance versus frequency. Both diagrams are obtained from the signals by Fourier transformation. Of course, further mathematical analyzes and transformations, such as Laplace analyzes, moment analyzes, correlation analyzes, wavelet analyzes etc. are also possible.
- water was used as the liquid.
- the excitation voltage supplied to converter 24 was 10 volts. There was therefore no liquid dispensing, since liquid dispensing only takes place from a voltage of approx. 25 V. In the case of a functional liquid converter system, ie without disturbances, such as air bubbles in the chamber 12, curve 46 results.
- This curve can thus be regarded as a reference value. If there is an air bubble in the area of the capillary 20 connecting the outlet opening 18 to the chamber 12, the curve 48 results. With a small air bubble in the chamber 12, the curve 50 results.
- the resonance frequency which is represented by a line 52, is in example shown about 3000 Hz.
- the excitation of a liquid converter system is carried out with a signal containing the frequency to be examined.
- the signal can contain a frequency of approximately 3000 Hz along line 52.
- the complex capacitance from the time signal is then examined by Fourier transformation. This examination must be carried out at least at the frequency 52 of interest.
- curve 46 ie the curve of a functional, undisturbed liquid converter system is below a limit value ⁇ s , which is represented by line 54.
- the phase angles of the two curves 48, 50 which represent the response signals in the case of disturbing air bubbles, are above the limit value ⁇ s .
- phase shifts of the two curves 48, 50 also differ greatly from one another. It is thus possible to determine the type of disturbance based on the size of the phase shift. Depending on the type of fault, the Control device 28 a cleaning cycle, dabbing the dispenser tip 16 or the like can be performed.
- FIG. 5 Two of the diagrams corresponding to FIG. 4 are shown in FIG. 5.
- the test evaluated on the basis of the diagrams in FIG. 5 is a deliberate blockage of the capillary 20 (FIG. 1).
- the curve 46 corresponds to the curve 46 in FIG. 4 and thus represents the response signal of a functional liquid converter system without constipation or other interference and can therefore be regarded as a reference value.
- Curve 56 represents a closure of the capillary by 2.6% of the cross-sectional area.
- Curve 58 represents a closure of the capillary 20
- the signals of malfunctioning and functional fluid transducer systems differ not only at the resonance frequency, but also at other frequencies. It is therefore also possible to read out other frequencies and to draw conclusions about the type of interference from this. Furthermore, response signals of several frequencies can also be monitored simultaneously and conclusions about the type of error can be drawn from a combination of several frequencies, based on a limit value or other reference values. This also makes it possible, for example, to determine the type of error in detail and to increase the certainty that the correct error has been determined. For example, in FIG. 4 at a frequency of approximately 9000 Hz, significant deviations in the capacitance or the phase are also found.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10132530A DE10132530A1 (de) | 2001-07-09 | 2001-07-09 | Verfahren zur Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit einer Flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung und Flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung |
DE10132530 | 2001-07-09 | ||
PCT/EP2002/007554 WO2003006998A2 (de) | 2001-07-09 | 2002-07-06 | Verfahren zur überwachung der funktionsfähigkeit einer flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung und flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1405084A2 true EP1405084A2 (de) | 2004-04-07 |
Family
ID=7690662
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP02751117A Withdrawn EP1405084A2 (de) | 2001-07-09 | 2002-07-06 | Verfahren zur überwachung der funktionsfähigkeit einer flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung und flüssigkeitsfördervorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7096710B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1405084A2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10132530A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003006998A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7582261B2 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2009-09-01 | Sharp Kabuhsiki Kaisha | Electricity supplying device, electricity supplying apparatus, sample detection device, and sample detection apparatus |
US7300804B2 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2007-11-27 | Beckman Coulter, Inc. | Method and apparatus for controlling the uniform smearing of a biological liquid over a substrate |
US8015939B2 (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2011-09-13 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Imprintable medium dispenser |
EP1918024B1 (de) * | 2006-09-19 | 2010-10-06 | CSEM Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique SA - Recherche et Développement | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Kalibrieren einer Pipette oder einer Dispenservorrichtung |
JP5277214B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-27 | 2013-08-28 | 株式会社日立ハイテクノロジーズ | 自動分析装置 |
US8869612B2 (en) | 2011-03-08 | 2014-10-28 | Baxter International Inc. | Non-invasive radio frequency liquid level and volume detection system using phase shift |
LU502506B1 (de) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-18 | Cytena Gmbh | Verfahren zum Einstellen eines piezoelektrischen Aktors |
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US5205819A (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1993-04-27 | Bespak Plc | Pump apparatus for biomedical use |
DE69421529T2 (de) * | 1993-03-31 | 2000-02-17 | The Technology Partnership Plc, Melbourn Royston | Tröpfchenerzeuger |
WO2002070999A2 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-09-12 | Packard Instrument Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dispensing micridoplets |
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JPH01150549A (ja) * | 1987-12-08 | 1989-06-13 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | インクジェットプリンタにおけるインク流路の気泡検出装置 |
DE4029616C2 (de) * | 1990-09-19 | 1994-03-03 | Werner Kellermann | Anlage zum Fördern eines Strömungsmediums |
US5428997A (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1995-07-04 | Pasteur Sanofi Diagnostics | Method of and device for fluid surface detection using an ultrasonic transducer |
GB2297312B (en) * | 1995-01-30 | 1998-01-28 | Edward Charles Rees | Liquid dispenser |
US6158269A (en) | 1995-07-13 | 2000-12-12 | Bayer Corporation | Method and apparatus for aspirating and dispensing sample fluids |
US6083762A (en) * | 1996-05-31 | 2000-07-04 | Packard Instruments Company | Microvolume liquid handling system |
ATE284036T1 (de) * | 1997-04-08 | 2004-12-15 | Packard Instrument Co Inc | Mikrovolumenfluessigkeitshandhabungssystem |
JPH11125638A (ja) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-05-11 | Srl:Kk | 分注装置 |
US6296811B1 (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2001-10-02 | Aurora Biosciences Corporation | Fluid dispenser and dispensing methods |
-
2001
- 2001-07-09 DE DE10132530A patent/DE10132530A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-07-06 EP EP02751117A patent/EP1405084A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-07-06 WO PCT/EP2002/007554 patent/WO2003006998A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-06 US US10/483,083 patent/US7096710B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5205819A (en) * | 1989-05-11 | 1993-04-27 | Bespak Plc | Pump apparatus for biomedical use |
DE69421529T2 (de) * | 1993-03-31 | 2000-02-17 | The Technology Partnership Plc, Melbourn Royston | Tröpfchenerzeuger |
WO2002070999A2 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-09-12 | Packard Instrument Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for dispensing micridoplets |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003006998A3 (de) | 2003-11-20 |
DE10132530A1 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
US20040255641A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
WO2003006998A2 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
US7096710B2 (en) | 2006-08-29 |
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