Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
  • E04H12/20—Side-supporting means therefor, e.g. using guy ropes or struts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
  • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials
  • E04H12/08—Structures made of specified materials of metal
  • E04H12/10—Truss-like structures
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
  • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
  • E04H12/16—Prestressed structures
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
  • H01Q1/1242—Rigid masts specially adapted for supporting an aerial

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the technical sector of pylons for telecommunication antenna supports, and in particular for support of telephony antennas, and similar applications.
• These pylons are to allow the positioning in height and pointing of the antennas of the various telephone operators, in particular, to allow optimal coverage of the territory.
• the technical problem posed is therefore, faced with objectives of significant reduction in manufacturing and installation / maintenance costs, and also significant reduction in visual impact, to design a new structure which achieves these objectives WITHOUT degrading the rigidity and the mechanical characteristics of the pylon.
• the present invention very surprisingly solves all of these problems, and achieves all of the objectives sought, thanks to a completely new structure based on the use of very vertical shrouds, and of two different types each fulfilling a different function.
• the invention therefore relates to a pylon for supporting telecommunications antennas, in particular mobile telephones, of the “guyed” type, characterized in that it comprises
• a central barrel 10 comprising several vertical sections Si materialized by horizontal elements 21, and
• guy lines At least two types of guy lines:
• the base of the barrel rests on a platform or plate 14 secured to the ground by an anchor 15.
• the pylon is characterized in that
• said shrouds of the two types are substantially vertical at least between the top of the barrel and the horizontal element A1 closest to the ground, and in that the base of the barrel rests on a platform or plate 14 secured to the ground by an anchor 15.
• the first type of stay can be fixed at its upper part on an area close to the top of the barrel, in A5 or possibly A4.
• An example will be given by way of illustration, without limitation, in attached FIG. 3, with upper fixing at A5. It will also be understood that it is impossible to define this characteristic better, since the construction details will depend to a certain extent on the climatic conditions (winds, etc.), on the specifications, on the number and weight of the antennas, on the desired height to ensure optimal coverage, etc. all factors that the skilled person can easily control by simple adaptation to the reading of the description which follows and concrete examples which will be indicated.
• the invention it has been possible to produce appropriate supports using shrouds, which makes it possible to considerably lighten the structure (reduction in the mass of material in the barrel, absence of spacers, cross-pieces, etc.). ) and also considerably reduce the visual impact.
• the supporting shrouds easily “blend” into the landscape.
• substantially vertical is meant the fact that almost all of the shrouds 16 and 17, 18, 19 have an alpha slope close to the vertical, or even vertical for some of them, that is to say an inclination from 0 ° (vertical) to 3, 5, 10, 15 ° approximately.
• guy lines 16 “guy lines” will be inclined at an angle alpha of the order of 30 - 45 °, that is to say close to the angles of guy lines of the prior art (FIG. 2), about 45 °.
• the arrangement of the guy lines 16 "guy lines" has at least one slope break at at least one end 25 of an element 21.
• FIG. 3 shows an embodiment comprising two breaks in the slope of the shroud 16, at the level of A4 and A2.
• the shrouds 16 with guying function are located furthest outside relative to the barrel, and the shrouds with function of creation of supports are fixed the innermost with respect to at the barrel. See Fig. 3.
• the shrouds with shrouding function are formed by single cables 16 from the top or substantially the top of the barrel, to the ground, which slide in sliding means 25, e, 30, formed in said horizontal elements 21, 22, 26, separating said vertical sections.
• the barrel 10 is of cylindrical or oval or triangular or square cross section. We prefer the cylindrical section.
• the shrouds of the two types are distributed regularly around the barrel.
• the pylon comprises at least three sets of shrouds of the two types, thus distributed. According to yet another particular embodiment, the pylon comprises four such series.
• the pylon comprises at least three vertical sections S1 to S3, and up to eight such sections S1 to S8.
• it comprises at least four vertical sections S1 to S4.
• it comprises five vertical sections S1 to S5.
• the number of vertical sections Si is a function of the height of the pylon and the conditions of the specifications, which themselves depend on the location, the number and weight of the antennas, etc. and that there is no specific limit.
• FIG. 1 represents a pylon of the prior art, of the freestanding type, with cross-pieces 2, spacers 3, stiffening of the external tubes 1, a working platform for installers and repairers 4, provided with a safety railing 5, and carrying various antennas 6, 7.
• the installer or repairer accesses the platform by means of a ladder 8 of which only the lower elements have been shown.
• Another embodiment of freestanding pylon of the prior art, very widespread, is shown in Figure 13, with a central access ladder.
• monotube pylons which are formed of a massive large diameter barrel on which runs an access ladder.
• the prior art also includes pylons of square section (EdF) which have evolved into pylons with three tubes arranged in a triangle called “tubular triangular", even more visible in the landscape, but offering less wind resistance, the monotube being current developments.
• EdF square section
• FIG. 2 represents a pylon of the prior art of the “guyed” type, (cf. also figure 13), a first guyed mode being represented on the right part, with guy lines 11 parallel each anchored (13) in the ground 9 , and a second shrouding mode being represented on the left side with the shrouds 11 joining in a single anchor 14.
• the very steep slope of the shrouds (about 40-50 °) and the very large footprint are noted.
• the barrel rests on a “ball joint” 14 resting on a concrete base 15.
• FIG. 3 represents a particular and nonlimiting embodiment of the invention.
• the pylon includes:
• a barrel 10 comprising 5 vertical sections S1 to S5, delimited by horizontal structural elements 20, 21, the intersection of the horizontal elements 20, 21 with the barrel delimiting thereon four "supports" A1 to A4; the barrel resting on a plate 14 anchored in a concrete base 15,
• the first series of guy lines 16 being fixed substantially at the top of the barrel, at A5, and running up to an anchoring on the ground 15,
• the second series of guy lines 17, 18, 19 being fixed between the supports A4 and A3 (guy lines 17), A2 and A3 (guy lines 18) and A1 and A2 (guy lines 19).
• the series of guy lines 16 for guy lines comprises a series of a single running cable from A5 to the ground and sliding at the end, or in the vicinity of the end, of the horizontal elements 21.
• the shrouds for creating support 18 and 19 are formed by a single running cable from A3 to A1 and mounted to slide at the end, or in the vicinity of the end, of the element 21 at point A2.
• FIG. 4 there is shown in perspective the pylon of Figure 3, further comprising a "hoop" 22 for supporting the antennas.
• a "hoop” is an annular element fixed to the barrel 10 and intended to receive on its periphery the telecommunication antennas.
• FIG. 5 represents a particular embodiment of the invention, where hoops 22 are mounted around the barrel 10, and are fixed to this barrel by structural elements 26 grouped in pairs and leaving a gap e between them can pass a guy cable.
• FIG. 6 represents a variant of hoop, or the hoop is fixed to the barrel by arms 28 comprising an elongated slot 30 authorizing the passage of a stay cable.
• the hoops will preferably be positioned in the upper part of the barrel, as shown in Figures 4 or 5, but the height depends solely on the technical requirements of the operators and the technologies used, the geographic location of the pylon, and other obvious factors.
• the antennas are represented by the reference 7. They can naturally be of different types, and be pointed independently of each other, for example from one cerce to another, according to the needs of the operators.
• the antennas can be fixed directly to the barrel.
• FIG. 7 shows a preferred embodiment of the end 25 of an element 21, comprising an end piece 30 itself comprising an orifice 31 for the passage of the stay cables.
• the walls of the orifice 31 are formed by parts 32 in the form of a ring. According to a particular embodiment, these parts are made of plastic.
• the sliding rings are formed from two parts 32 whose geometry is adapted to correspond to the orifice 31, and comprising notches 33 allowing the installation of pins or the like for holding them in place.
• the barrel and the hoops, supports, elements 21, arms 28, are made of steel or aluminum.
• Aluminum is preferred for its own well-known qualities.
• a clear improvement in the deflection value is thus obtained, which can easily be reduced, according to the invention, to 1 ° or less than 1 °, which is very remarkable, given the lightness of the structure.
• the diameters of the cables of the guy lines will be greater than those of the diameters of the guy lines for creating supports.
• Figure 9 which consists of Figures 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, and 9E, shows a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the invention (Figure 9A).
• the antennas are fixed directly to the barrel by arms 30, according to the possibility indicated above. These arms have slots 30. It can be seen that the stay 16 slides in the end 25.
• Figure 9B shows the same pylon in top view.
• This possibility of access is one of the important problems which arose during the production of the pylon according to the invention. Indeed, we have seen that, in the prior art, the size of the pylons was such that it easily allowed the arrangement of ladders. This solution becomes impossible with the pylons which were targeted by the invention, that is to say fine structures.
• the invention solves this problem by a pylon as shown in Figure 9, where three arms in "triangle" allow to provide, between two of the arms, A and B, sufficient space for the passage from a technician R.
• the pylon comprises a vertical guide rail RG over its entire useful height, that is to say from the ground to a level of access to the antennas, and a platform PF whose geometry is adapted to correspond to the space between the arms A and B, and comprising sliding means MC in the vertical rail.
• this platform is removable and is put in place only with each intervention of the technician, who withdraws it and carries it on his departure. We thus solve the problem of securing your access to the antennas, since it is impossible to access them without the platform. Today, this security is only obtained by complicated mechanical means.
• the platform can be motorized, or maneuvered by a crank, hoist or similar means. It is preferably made of light alloy or aluminum, and of expanded or openwork metal. It naturally includes anti-fall safety means for the personnel.
• FIGS. 9D and 9E represent nonlimiting modes of fixing the antennas.
• FIGS. 9B, 9D and 9E show that the invention can be adapted without problem to all types of mounting of the antennas and to their different modes of coupling.
• FIG. 10 represents a non-limiting means allowing the elements or arms 21 to be fixed to the barrel.
• the arms 21 (or any other type of arm) are fixed on a circular plate 50, inside which are arranged.
• at least two semi-circular plates 60 whose outside diameter corresponds to the inside diameter of the barrel. These plates 60 can thus be inserted into the interior of the barrel, between two sections Si and Si + 1.
• Two or three such plates 60 may preferably be provided.
• FIG. 11 shows the fulcrum A5 and a non-limiting detail of anchoring, where tensioners integrated in the shrouds are used, this type of part being known but very advantageously used according to the invention.
• FIG. 12 represents a perspective view of a nonlimiting example of a pylon according to the invention, with 4 different hoops and three “series” of stay cables in “triangle”.
• FIG. 14 represents a working platform C of the prior art, on a pylon with three tubes and crossbars.
• Safety rails A, B are provided, fixed to the tubes by stirrup rails and bolts / washers.
• Figure 15 which consists of Figures 15A and 15B, shows two types of jointing for tubular pylons, by gussets (Fig 15A) or by platinum (Fig. 15B). If we compare these means to those of Figure 10, according to the invention, where the plates 60 are housed in the tube, we measure the significant gain in terms of aesthetics in particular.
• Figures 16 to 22 which each consist of Figures A (side view of the pylon) and B, C, D, E if applicable (top view of the hoops placed at each height level, as shown in each Figure A ), represent the range of pylons according to the invention calculated for heights of, respectively, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 m.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
• Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8864747

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

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• 2001
  • 2001-06-19 FR FR0108367A patent/FR2826038A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
  • 2002-06-14 EP EP02760359A patent/EP1402136A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2002-06-14 WO PCT/FR2002/002072 patent/WO2002103139A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-06-14 CA CA002454400A patent/CA2454400A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-06-14 RU RU2004101285/03A patent/RU2004101285A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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